活血化瘀方抗孕鼠红细胞脂质过氧化损伤的研究

采用紫外分光光度法和化学发光技术检测了自由基对被动吸烟所致宫内胎儿发育迟缓（ＩＵＧＲ）孕鼠红细胞脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）和红细胞超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）的影响，并在透射电镜下观察红细胞形态及超微结构，结果表明：模型组孕鼠红细胞丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）水平，异形红细胞出现率显著高于对照组和用药（活血化瘀方）组，模型组胎仔平均出生体重及红细胞ＳＯＤ水平显著低于对照组和用药组，而用药组与对照组之间差异无显著意义；     

中药健胎液对胎儿宫内发育迟缓孕鼠红细胞膜—骨架的作用

为探讨由黄芪，当归，川芎等补肾活血药组成的中药健胎液防治胎儿宫内发育迟缓的作用机理，本研究有杉被动吸烟法建立胎儿宫内发育迟缓（ＩＵＧＲ）动物模型，运用蛋白质ＳＤＳ－聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法检测正常对照组，胎儿宫内发育迟缓组（ＩＵＧＲ组），ＩＵＧＲ加健胎液组（用药组）孕鼠红细胞膜－骨架成份变化，并以胎鼠平均出生体重变化作疗效评价，结果与ＩＵＧＲ组相比，用药组胎鼠平均出生体重增加（Ｐ〈０．０１），孕鼠红细     

不均称型胎儿宫内生长迟缓动物模型的建立及其母鼠胎盘一氧化氮等含量的变化

为探索不均称型胎儿宫内生长迟缓动物模型的建立及探讨一氧化氮（ＮＯ）、内皮素（ＥＴ）在大鼠ＩＵ－ＧＲ发病中的作用,将ＳＤ系雌性大鼠分为３ 组。Ａ组：孕７ ｄ 起被动吸烟,饮酒;Ｂ组：孕７ ｄ 起被动吸烟,孕１５ ｄ起饮酒;Ｃ组（对照组）：并于孕２０ ｄ 检测３ 组孕鼠胎盘ＮＯ 及ＥＴ含量。结果：Ａ、Ｂ两组ＩＵＧＲ发生率较对照组明显增加（Ｐ＜ ０．０１）。Ｂ组胎死率低于Ａ 组（Ｐ＜ ０．０５）。且胎仔体重减轻以肝脏为主,同时Ａ、Ｂ两组ＮＯ含量明显低于正常对照组,而ＥＴ－１ 水平则远高于对照组（Ｐ＜ ０．０１）。ＥＴ与ＮＯ比值显著增大（Ｐ＜ ０．０１）。结论：孕早期被动吸烟、饮酒可产生混合型ＩＵＧＲ动物模型。孕晚期饮酒则产生不均称型ＩＵＧＲ动物模型。且ＩＵＧＲ的发病可能与ＮＯ合成、释放减少及ＥＴ－１ 合成、释放增加有关。     

川芎嗪治疗胎儿宫内生长迟缓中氧自由基的变化

测定２１２例妇女氧自由基（ＯＦＲ）的变化，其中正常非孕妇１８例，孕妇１３６例，胎儿宫内生长迟缓（ＩＵＧＲ）５８例，分为川芎嗪治疗组（川组）４７例，氨基酸治疗组（氨组）１１例，测定母血红细胞超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ），全血谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ）及血清脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ），结果显示生理妊娠时随孕龄增加，ＳＯＤ，ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活力及ＬＰＯ水平均同步上升；ＩＵＧＲ者ＬＰＯ异常增高而ＳＯＤ及ＧＳＨ     

不均称型胎儿宫内生长迟缓动物模型的建立及其母鼠胎盘一氧化氮等含量的变化①

为探索不均称型胎儿宫内生长迟缓动物模型的建立及探讨一氧化氮（ＮＯ）,内皮素（ＥＴ）在大鼠ＩＵＧＲ发病中的作用,将ＳＤ系雌性大鼠分为３组。Ａ组：孕７天起被动吸烟,饮酒;Ｂ组：孕７天起被动吸烟,孕１５天起饮酒;Ｃ组（对照组）;并于孕２０天检测３组孕鼠胎盘ＮＯ及ＥＴ含量。结果：Ａ、Ｂ两组ＩＵＧＲ发生率较对照组明显增加（Ｐ〈０．０１）。Ｂ组胎死率低于Ａ组（Ｐ〈０．０５）。且胎仔体重减轻以肝脏为主,同时Ａ、     

应用血管解痉剂治疗胎儿宫内生长迟缓的实验研究

在用被动吸烟法建立孕兔ＩＵＧＲ动物模型的基础上，观察了复方丹参注射液＋山莨菪碱治疗ＩＵＧＲ的效果。结果表明，治疗组仔体重，肝脏重量及脑组织重量对照组显著增加，（均为Ｐ＜０．０１），治疗组ＩＵＧＲ发生率较对照组有降低的趋势。治疗组子宫胎盘血流量较对照组显著增加（Ｐ＜０．０１）。血浆游离氨基酸测定结果表明，尽管两组母体血浆游离氨基酸浓度无明显差异，但治疗组胎仔血浆总游离氨基酸浓度及绝大多数必需氨基酸和     

活血化瘀方对被动吸烟孕鼠红细胞膜Ca~(2+)-ATP酶活性的影响

以被动吸烟致胎儿宫内发育延缓（IUGR）大鼠为模型，观察了活血化瘀方对孕鼠红细胞膜Ca~(2+)－ATP酶活性的影响。结果表明：模型组胎仔出生平均体重、Ca~（2+）-ATP酶活力均低于对照组（P＜0.01），用药组与对照组之间差异无显著意义（P＞0.05），且胎仔平均出生体重与Ca~(2+)-ATP酶活性呈正相关关系（r=0.3446,P＜O.05）。从而提示本方能提高Ca~(2+)-ATP酶活性，保护红细胞正常形态与功能,从而改善胎盘血液循环，促进胎儿发育。     

家兔肠缺血—再灌注损伤时脂质过氧化的变化及其意义

目的：探讨肠缺血－再灌注（Ｉ／Ｒ）损伤时血浆及组织脂质过氧化的变化及其意义。方法：复制家兔肠Ｉ／Ｒ损伤模型，检测超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）和黄嘌呤氧化酶（ＸＯ）活性及丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量。实验分为Ｉ／Ｒ损伤组及假手术（Ｓｈａｍ）对照组，并进行比较。结果：缺血前两组动物ＳＯＤ、ＸＯ及ＭＤＡ值均无统计学差异，Ｉ／Ｒ组再灌注后２ｈ与缺血前及Ｓｈａｍ组相比，ＳＯＤ活性显著下降，ＸＯ活性及ＭＤＡ含量明显增加（Ｐ〈０．０１）；此外，肺、肝等组织ＭＤＡ含量亦明显高于Ｓｈａｍ组（Ｐ〈０．０１）。结论：家兔肠Ｉ／Ｒ损伤时体内脂质过氧化过程加强，且在Ｉ／Ｒ损伤过程中起重要作用。     

胎儿宫内发育迟缓有关问题探讨(附104例临床分析)

目的：探讨胎儿宫内发育迟缓（ＩＵＧＲ）发生和死亡有关的因素，寻求降低其发生率，提高存活率的途径．方法：ＩＵＧＲ组１０４例，与正常组２００例进行对照分析．结果：孕周及出生时体重与围产儿死亡关系密切。孕周越短、出生体重越低，死亡率越高．ＩＵＧＲ组中并发妊高征、双胎、羊水过少的发生率与正常组比较有极显著的差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）而先天性畸形、胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息和围产儿死亡的发生率也显著高于正常组．结论 导致ＩＵＧＲ发生的因素复杂而繁多，妊高征是最常见的重要原因，而双胎是造成ＩＵＧＲ的又一重要因素．先天性畸形染色体异常是引起ＩＵＧＲ的重要的胎儿因素．强调孕妇定期产前检查，早期发现妊娠合并症及胎儿畸形，进行早期治疗和必要的引产是减少ＩＵＧＲ的发生和降低围产儿死亡率的关键．     

SOD复合酶对肢体缺血再灌流损伤的保护作用：（红细胞SOD活力与…

本文观察ＳＯＤ复合酶对肢体缺血再灌流损伤中，ＯＦＲ引发红细胞膜脂质过氧化及其胞内ＳＯＤ活力变化的保护作用。结果表明，模型组红细胞内ＳＯＤ活力显著降低（Ｐ〈０．０１），胞膜脂质过氧化反应增强，ＭＤＡ生成量明显增高（Ｐ〈０．０５）。揭示ＯＦＲ产生异常，红细胞抗氧化能力减弱，ＳＯＤ复合酶治疗组红细胞膜脂质过氧化作用受到明显抑制，胞内ＳＯＤ活力显著增高（Ｐ〈０．０１）。由此提示，在组织缺血再灌流损伤过程中     

Study on the Effects of ＂Foshousan＂ Plus Danshen in Preventing IUGR Rats with Passive Smoking from Peroxidation in Erythrocyt

ＳｔｕｄｙｏｎｔｈｅＥｆｆｅｃｔｓｏｆ＂Ｆｏｓｈｏｕｓａｎ＂ＰｌｕｓＤａｎｓｈｅｎｉｎＰｒｅｖｅｎｔｉｎｇＩＵＧＲＲａｔｓｗｉｔｈＰａｓｓｉｖｅＳｍｏｋｉｎｇｆｒｏｍＰｅｒｏｘｉｄａｔｉｏｎｉｎＥｒｙｔｈｒｏｃｙｔｅＬｉｐｉｄＨＡＮＱｉｎｇ－ｈｏｎｇ...     

Study on the effects of “Foshousan” plus Danshen in preventing IUGR rats with passive smoking from peroxidation in erythrocyte lipid

Summary The pregnant rats with cigarette smoking exposure were used as the animal model for studying the pathogenesis of IUGR. The mechanism of preventing intrauterine growth retardation with “Foshousan” plus Danshen by protecting erythrocytes against lipid peroxidation damage was also preliminarily discussed. The erythrocyte membrane lipid peroxide content, erythrocyte SOD activities were detected by ultraviolet split-beam spectrophotometry and chemiluminescence technique. The results showed that theerythrocyte MDA levels and ratio of abnormal erythrocyte in model group were significantly higher than those in control group and treated group, and the fetal mean birth weight, erythrocyte SOD levels were all statistically significantly lower than those in control group and. treated group. The fetal birth weight showed a significant positive correlation with SOD levels and a significant negative correlation with MDA level. The results suggest “Foshousan” plus Danshen can protect erythrocytes against lipid peroxidation damage, thus conserving the normal form, structure and function of erythrocytes, improving the uteroplacental blood flow and thereby increasing the fetal mean birth weight. This project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation.     

The Effects of "Huoxuequyu" Decoction on Lipid Peroxidation in IUGR Rats

ＴｈｅＥｆｆｅｃｔｓｏｆ＂Ｈｕｏｘｕｅｑｕｙｕ＂ＤｅｃｏｃｔｉｏｎｏｎＬｉｐｉｄＰｅｒｏｘｉｄａｔｉｏｎｉｎＩＵＧＲＲａｔｓＷＡＮＧＫａｉ－ｆｕ（王开富）；ＨＡＮＱｉｎｇ－ｈｏｎｇ（韩庆红）；ＳＨＵＨｕ－ｙｉｎｇ（舒沪英）；ＹｅＷａｎｇ－ｙｕｎ（叶望...     

Serum malondialdehyde, erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase, and erythrocyte superoxide dismutase levels in women with early spontaneous abortions accompanied by vaginal bleeding.

BACKGROUND: Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a marker of lipid peroxidation. Glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) are the main enzymes responsible for the detoxification of superoxide anion. The aim was to assess whether serum MDA, erythrocyte GPX, and erythrocyte SOD levels altered during early spontaneous abortions presenting with vaginal bleeding. MATERIAL/METHODS: A group of pregnant women at less than 8 weeks' gestation with spontaneous abortion and vaginal bleeding (n=23) and a control group of healthy pregnancies with similar characteristics (n=25) were included. Serum MDA levels, erythrocyte GPX, and SOD activities were determined and compared among the groups. RESULTS: Characteristics, including maternal age, parity, gestational age, complete blood count values, serum total protein, serum albumin, and serum lipid profile, were similar across the groups. Spontaneous abortion prior to 8 weeks of gestation was associated with increased mean serum MDA levels and decreased mean erythrocyte SOD activity. Erythrocyte GPX values did not differ among the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Increased lipid peroxidation and inhibition of SOD activity might be involved in the termination of spontaneous abortions and expulsion of fetoplacental material out of the uterine cavity.     

Resistance of erythrocytes to lipid peroxidation in cirrhotic rats

BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to investigate erythrocyte prooxidant-antioxidant balance in relation to liver and plasma lipid peroxidation in thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver cirrhosis in rats. METHODS: Liver cirrhosis was produced by the administration of TAA (0.3 g/L of tap water) for a period of 3 months in rats. Serum, liver and erythrocyte lipid peroxide levels as well as liver glutathione (GSH) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were determined in cirrhotic rats. RESULTS: Hepatic cirrhosis was assessed by biochemical and histopathological findings. Serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels increased in cirrhotic rats. This treatment caused increased MDA and diene conjugate (DC) levels as well as decreased GSH levels and GSH-Px activities in the liver of cirrhotic rats. In these conditions, no significant changes in erythrocyte cholesterol, phospholipid levels as well as endogenous DC, and GSH levels and spontaneous hemolysis values were observed in erythrocytes of rats with TAA-induced liver cirrhosis. However, H(2)O(2)-induced MDA levels were detected to decrease significantly in erythrocytes of cirrhotic rats. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that erythrocytes of TAA-induced cirrhotic rats have a resistance against peroxidative stress in contrast to the findings in plasma and liver.     

Increased oxidative stress and damage in patients with chronic bacterial prostatitis

Objective To investigate whether chronic bacterial prostatitis （CBP） increases oxidative stress and damage in patients with CBP, and to explore its possible mechanism. Methods Eighty patients with CBP and 80 healthy adults as controls were enrolled in a case-control study, in which levels of nitric oxide （NO）, vitamin C （VC）, and vitamin E （VE） in plasma, as well as malondialdehyde （MDA）, activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, and eatalase （CAT） in erythrocytes were determined by spectrophotometry. Results Compared with the average values of NO, VC, VE, MDA, SOD, and CAT in the healthy control group, those of plasma N O and erythrocyte MDA in the CBP group were significantly increased （P〈0.00 1）, and those of plasma VC and VE as well as erythrocyte SOD and CAT in the CBP group were significantly decreased （P〈0.001）. Findings from partial correlation analysis for course of the disease and NO, VC, VE, MDA, SOD, and CAT in 80 patients with CBP, adjusted for age, suggested that with prolonged course of the disease, values of NO and MDA were gradually increased （P〈0.001）, and those of VC, VE, SOD, and CAT were gradually decreased （P〈0.05-0.001）. The findings from stepwise regression analysis for course of the disease and NO, VC, VE, MDA, SOD, and CAT in CBP group suggested that the model of stepwise regression was Y = -19.1160 ＋0.3112MDA ＋ 0.0337NO, F = 22.1734, P〈0.001, r = 0.6045, P〈0.001. The findings from the reliability analysis for VC, VE, SOD, CAT, NO, and MDA in the CBP group showed that the reliability coefficients＇ alpha （6 items） was 0.7195, P〈0.0001, and the standardized item alpha was 0.9307, P〈0.0001. Conclusion There exist increased oxidative stress and damage induced by chronic bacterial prostatitis in patients, and such a phenomenon is closely related to the course of disease.     

温胆汤降脂作用研究

运用药理学方法，观察温胆汤对急性慢性高血脂成年小鼠血清总胆固醇（TC）、总甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL-c）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL-c）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA），体重增长，粪便脂质含量的影响，并与西药吉非罗齐进行比较。结果发现：温胆汤可有效降低急性高脂血症小鼠血清TC、TG、LDL-c含量，提高SOD活性，降低MDA含量，控制体重增长，降低粪便中脂质含量，且疗效优于吉非罗齐。同时，温胆汤可有效降低慢性高脂血症小鼠血清TC、TG含量，且疗效优于吉非罗齐，但对HDL-c含量的升高无明显效果。提示：温胆汤能有效调节机体脂质代谢，预防和治疗高脂血症引起的疾病。     

“康宁”胶囊对大鼠急性肝损伤中脂质过氧化的影响

目的：观察“康宁”胶囊（丹芪活肝胶囊）对D-氨基半乳糖（D—GalN）所致大鼠急性肝损伤中脂质过氧化的影响及保护作用。方法：采用腹腔注射D-氨基半乳糖建立大鼠肝损伤模型,用“康宁”胶囊预保护,8d后采血检测血清和肝脏的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性,血清的谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量,肝脏的丙二醛（MDA）含量,并观察肝组织病理学变化。结果：“康宁”胶囊能增强D—GalN所致大鼠急性肝损伤中血清和肝脏的SOD活性,增加血清GSH的含量,降低肝脏MDA的含量,使肝组织损伤明显减轻。结论：“康宁”胶囊对D—Gain诱导的大鼠肝损伤有保护作用,其机制可能与减轻脂质过氧化反应,减轻炎性细胞因子对肝脏的进一步损害有关。     

早产儿脐血瘦素和血脂水平测定及临床意义

目的通过检测新生儿脐血瘦素和血脂水平,探讨二者对胎儿生长发育的影响,并分析脐血瘦素和血脂之间的相关性。方法根据胎龄和出生体重分为三组：正常足月儿组,早产低出生体重儿组,早产极低出生体重儿组。酶联免疫法检测脐血瘦素,全自动生化分析仪检测脐血TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C。结果随着胎儿胎龄及体重的增加,胎儿体内的瘦素水平升高,早产低出生体重儿和早产极低出生体重儿脐血LDL-C水平高于正常足月儿,脐血瘦素与LDL-C呈负相关。结论瘦素可能是胎儿生长发育的重要调控因子之一,早产儿出生时的低瘦素和高LDL-C可能是成人心血管疾病高危因素之一。