隐匿阴茎的诊治

通过对４６例隐匿阴茎的诊治分析，认为Ｄｅｖｉｎｅ术式治疗阴匿阴茎效果优于Ｓｈｉｒａｋｉ术式。建议采用Ｄｅｖｉｎｅ术式矫治隐匿阴茎。隐匿阴茎易与包茎、微小阴茎、阴茎不发育及陷没阴茎相混淆，术前确诊极为重要，如误诊行包皮环切，可给以后矫治带来困难。     

新式剖宫产术56例分析

新式剖宫产术[1] 是改良的子宫下段剖宫产术 ,由以色列的Ｓｔａｎｋ医生从 1988年开始推广 ,被许多国家采用。我院从 1998- 10开展此种术式 ,取得良好效果 ,现报道如下。1　资料与方式1.1　 　一般资料　自 1998- 10～ 1999- 0 2 ,我院住院有剖宫产指征的住院孕妇 ,行新式剖宫产 5 6例 ,年龄 2 4～ 43岁 ,平均 2 8岁。初产妇 5 3例 ,经产妇 3例。孕周为孕 36 1～ 43ｗｋ。临产 16例 ,择期手术 40例 ,手术指征见表 1。随机选取同期住院有剖宫产指征孕妇行下腹部横弧形剖宫产术 30例做对照 ,两组在孕周、年龄、手术指征及麻醉方法上无明显差…     

直肠癌Dixon及改良Bacon267例的手术分析

目的 通过对２６７例直肠癌患者进行Ｄｉｘｏｎ及改良Ｂａｃｏｎ术，提出根治性手术中游离结肠脾区的重要性操作要点以及对两种术式的选择。方法 在根治性手术的基础上行Ｄｉｘｏｎ及改良Ｂａｃｏｎ术。结果 Ｄｉｘｏｎ术无一例发生吻合口瘘及吻合口狭窄。改良Ｂａｃｏｎ术吻合狭窄发生率为７８％（４２／５４），顽固性肛周皮肤湿疹发生率为１１％（６／５４）。结论 中上段直肠癌及部分下段直肠癌采用Ｄｉｘｏｎ术式，病人术后     

保留幽门胰十二指肠切除术与Whipple手术的对照观察

目的探讨保留幽门胰十二指肠切除术(PPPD)与标准Whipple手术治疗壶腹周围肿瘤术后并发症及生存率,术后恢复情况的影响因素。方法将23例PPPD与29例Whipple作对照观察。结果PPPD的手术时间、术后住院天数减少,手术并发症略低,术后营养状况相当,术后存活月数均无统计学差异。PPPD组病人留置胃管时间、胃排空延迟发生率>Whipple组,但无统计学意义。结论PPPD手术安全、有效,术式本身并不影响胃排空延迟的发生及病人术后恢复及远期疗效。     

13例胸腹部动脉瘤外科治疗经验分析

目的 探讨胸腹部动脉瘤的外科治疗经验。方法 本研究的１３例动脉瘤中，升主动脉瘤伴主动脉瘤关闭不全５例、胸降主动脉瘤２例、胸腹主动脉瘤１例、腹主动脉瘤４例、双髂总动脉瘤１例。行Ｗｈｅａｔ手术１例、Ｂｅｎｔａｌｌ手术２例、Ｃａｂｒｏｌ手术２例。单纯动脉瘤切除人工血管移植７例、假性动脉瘤切除补片修补术１例。结果 早期死亡２例（１５．４％），其余１１例痊愈。随访９个月至４．５年，除１例；因晚期胆管癌死亡外     

保留幽门胰十二指肠切除述与Whipple手术的对照观察

目的探讨保留幽门胰十二指肠切除术(PPPD)与标准Whipple手术治疗壶腹周围肿瘤术后并发症及生存率,术后恢复情况的影响因素.方法将23例PPPD与29例Whipple作对照观察.结果 PPPD的手术时间、术后住院天数减少,手术并发症略低,术后营养状况相当,术后存活月数均无统计学差异.PPPD组病人留置胃管时间、胃排空延迟发生率＞Whipple组,但无统计学意义.结论 PPPD手术安全、有效,术式本身并不影响胃排空延迟的发生及病人术后恢复及远期疗效.     

单手产钳术的体会

产钳助产开始于17世纪，它是解决难产的手术之一，在20世纪初抗生素问世以前，剖宫产术的危险性较大，产钳助产术解决了部分难产。随着剖宫产技术的提高，产钳助产不甚提倡，尤其对高位产钳术，由于对母子的危害性较大，提出了禁止。现在剖宫产已普遍应用，对母儿较安全，完全取代了高中位产钳助产，但在产科临床工作中，尤其是出口产钳仍是处理某些病理产科的有效方法。我院于1998年5月至2004年5月，6年内采用单手产钳术助产36例，体会到它对挽救母婴生命起了一定的作用，现总结如下：     

Parks术式在直肠癌保肛手术中的应用

近年来 ,随着对直肠癌病理过程认识的深入和手术技术的不断改进 ,以及患者对手术后生活质量要求的提高 ,无论国内或国外 ,保留肛门括约肌手术 (保肛手术 )在直肠癌的外科治疗中应用的比例显著增大。 1 997年 5月～ 1 999年 7月 ,我们参照Ｐａｒｋｓ方法行低位直肠癌切除 ,经肛门结肠肛管吻合术 2 2例 ,现报告如下。1　临床资料1 1　一般资料　 2 2例 ,男性 6例 ,女 1 6例 ,年龄 2 7～ 6 3岁 ,平均 48岁。肿瘤下缘距肛缘 5ｃｍ 1 2例 ,6ｃｍ 3例 ,7ｃｍ 7例。Ｄｕｋｅｓ分期 :Ａ期 6例 ,Ｂ期 6例 ,Ｃ期 1 0例。1 2　手术步骤　腹部操作与Ｍ…     

外阴中小血肿清除缝合的改进

外阴血肿多见于未成年女性,有时也发生于年轻女性。当从高处跌落、骑车或跨越栏杆时,外阴撞在硬物上使局部软组织发生不同程度的创伤。外阴部血运丰富,皮下组织疏松,所以外阴局部受到硬物撞击后,皮下血管破裂,皮肤小裂口或无裂口时极易形成血肿。近年来,笔者对中小血肿处理方法进行了改进,取得了满意的效果,现报道如下。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.