中国成年人代谢综合征的患病率

目的本研究旨在提供关于我国35～74岁一般成年人群代谢综合征(MS)及其主要组成成分患病率的最新资料。方法我们于2000-2001年在全国35～74岁的成年人群中代表性地选择了15540例个体进行横断面调查。根据国际糖尿病联盟2004年度推荐的有关中国人MS的标准诊断MS和进行组分分类。结果男女合计，年龄未标化的MS患病率为16．5％。年龄标化后的MS患病率，男女分别为10．0％和23．3％；年龄标化后的患病率，北方和南方地区分别为23．3％和11．5％，城市和农村地区分别为23．5％和14．7％。我国北方居民的MS患病率高于南方居民，城市居民高于农村居民。结论我国成年人中有相当比例的个体患有MS。这些结果提示我国亟需制定面向全国的预防、检测和治疗MS的卫生策略，以降低心血管疾病的社会负担。     

新疆汉、维吾尔、哈萨克族慢性心力衰竭流行病学调查及其患病率研究

目的 了解新疆成年人慢性心力衰竭(心衰)的患病率和分布特征.方法 应用四阶段整群随机抽样法,在全疆23个市、7个地区、5个自治州抽取乌鲁木齐市、克拉玛依市、阜康市、吐鲁番地区、和田地区、伊犁哈萨克自治州等6个地区年龄在35岁以上样本,男女均衡.统计不同民族组、不同年龄组、不同性别组人群的心衰患病率,并对心衰患者合并心血管基础疾病进行分析.结果 共抽样35岁以上城市及农村游牧居民8459例,心衰患病率为1.26%;其中汉族为0.89%,维吾尔族为1.11%,哈萨克族为2.14%.男性为1.61%,女性为0.93%,男性患病率高于女性(u=2.79,P<0.05).35～44岁、45～54岁、55～64岁、65～74岁、75岁以上各年龄组的心衰患病率分别为0.29%、0.60%、1.32%、2.55%、4.10%,随着年龄增高,心衰发生的风险显著上升.107例心衰患者中合并高血压病者占63.55%,冠心病者占42.99%,糖尿病者占18.69%,心瓣膜病者占5.61%,心房颤动者占4.67%.结论 新疆心衰患病率较高,随年龄增加呈增多趋势,且存在民族差异.高血压病、冠心病、糖尿病为新疆各民族心衰患者共同合并心血管基础疾病.通过对新疆不同人群心衰的流行病学监测和调查,寻找适合新疆人文地域特点的心衰早期诊断方法和干预模式具有重大现实意义.     

我国老年人群单纯性收缩期高血压患病率及影响因素

目的　了解我国老年人群单纯性收缩期高血压的患病率及影响因素。方法　使用1991年全国高血压抽样调查资料 ,以≥ 6 0岁为老年人 ,单纯性收缩期高血压诊断标准按照 1999年WHO/ISH的规定 :收缩压≥ 14 0mmHg(1mmHg =0 133kPa)和舒张压 <90mmHg ,其亚型为收缩压 14 0～ 14 9mmHg和舒张压 <90mmHg ,分析患病率及其相关的影响因素。结果　 (1)我国 6 0岁及以上人群单纯性收缩期高血压患病率为 2 1 5 0 % ,亚型患病率为 9 0 4 % ;如按收缩压≥ 16 0mmHg和舒张压 <90mmHg计算患病率则为 6 83%。 (2 )年龄增长是影响患病率最为明显的因素 ,35岁始患病率随年龄增长而显著升高 ;每增长 10岁患病率约增高一倍。性别差异则表明 35岁前男性患病率高于女性 ,但此后女性随年龄增长单纯性收缩期高血压上升幅度则高于男性。 (3)体重指数的大小与患病率成正比。结论　我国老年单纯性收缩期高血压患病率为 2 1 5 0 % ,占老年高血压总人数的5 3 2 1%。在老年高血压患者中防治单纯性收缩期高血压是降低人群高血压致死致残的重要组成部分。     

深圳城区成年人峰值骨密度和骨质疏松患病率的调查

目的　调查深圳城区健康人群峰值骨密度 (PBM )和骨质疏松患病率 ,以期为深圳地区骨质疏松症防治工作提供理论依据。方法　三年调查期间体检的健康成年人 747名 ,年龄 2 0～70岁 ,每 5岁一个年龄段分为 10组 ;用双能X光骨密度仪测量骨密度并得到峰值骨密度 (PBM )值。结果　男性各部位PBM值出现在 2 5～ 2 9岁 ,女性除Ward’s部位PBM值出现在 3 0～ 3 4岁外 ,其余部位PBM值均出现在 3 5～ 3 9岁。骨质疏松患病率 :女性 5 0岁为 2 3 % ,60～ 70岁为 67% ;男性 60～70岁为 5 4%。深圳城区女性髋部PBM高于南宁 (P <0 .0 1)和广州 (P <0 .0 5 )而与北京相近 ,腰部PBM低于北京、南京 (P <0 .0 5 )而高于南宁 (P <0 .0 1)。男性PBM腰部和髋部低于北京 (P <0 .0 5 ,P <0 .0 1) ,高于南宁 (P <0 .0 1) ,与广州、南京相似。结论　 1.女性骨质疏松症于绝经后五年出现高峰 ;老年时期骨质疏松症又达一个高峰 ,且老年女性骨质疏松患病率明显高于老年男性。2 .骨质疏松的预防应从青少年时期提高PBM开始     

嘉兴市高血压流行趋势及影响因素分析

目的　通过对嘉兴市社区人群高血压抽样调查 ,及时掌握我市高血压流行现状 ,为进一步加强高血压社区综合防治、评价防治效果提供科学依据。方法　 2 0 0 3年 9～ 10月在嘉兴市随机抽取 15岁以上人群12 77人进行高血压抽样调查。结果　高血压患病率为 2 9 6 7% ,其中城市患病率为 2 5 4 0 % ,农村患病率为32 6 0 % ;男性患病率为 33 33% ,女性患病率为 2 7 72 % ;血压与年龄有显著相关 ;糖尿病史、高血糖、超重、高甘油三酯、高胆固醇、高血压家属史、饮酒为高血压重要危险因素 ;高血压患者服药率为 4 2 11% ,血压控制率为 9 74 %。结论　高血压患病率明显上升 ,农村患病率高于城市 ;患病率随年龄增长而增长 ,男性发病高峰比女性早 10年出现 ;高血糖、超重、高血脂是我市人群高血压的最主要危险因素 ;高血压患者服药率和血压控制率均明显高于 1991年全国普查结果 ,服药率和控制率两者均是城市高于农村。     

老年女性急性心肌梗塞与心衰关系的探讨

目的 :为探讨老年女性AMI的发病率与并发心力衰竭的关系。方法 :将观察患者按年龄分为 3组 :<6 0岁组、6 0～ 6 9岁组及 70岁以上组 ,对比分析 3组不同年龄、性别AMI的发病率、合并心衰及其心衰死亡率。结果 :女性发病率 :>70岁组高于 6 0～ 6 9岁组 (P <0 0 5 ) ,后者高于 <6 0岁组 (P <0 0 0 5 ) ;平均年龄 :<6 0岁组男性低于女性 (P <0 0 0 5 )。 >70岁组女性高于男性 (P <0 0 5 ) ;泵衰率 :>70岁组高于 6 0～ 6 9岁组 ,后者高于 <6 0岁组均 (P <0 0 0 5 ) ;其中女性 >70岁高于 6 0～ 6 9岁组 (P <0 0 0 5 ) ,<6 0岁组与 6 0～ 6 9岁组的无差异均 (P >0 0 5 ) ;死亡率 :>70岁组女性心衰死亡率高于 6 0～ 6 9岁组 (P <0 0 5 ) ,三组内男女间死亡率及心衰死亡率均无差异 (P >0 0 5 )。结论 :随年龄增加 ,女性AMI的发病率明显增高 ,心衰率及泵衰死亡率随年龄增长而增高 ,而心衰是老年女性主要死亡原因。     

南昌地区亚临床甲状腺功能减退症的筛查分析

目的　了解南昌地区亚临床甲状腺功能减退症 (SCH)的患病率。方法　于 1997年 12月～ 1998年 6月 ,对南昌地区的四县五区 2 110人 ,其中成人 14 4 2人 ,年龄为 (18～ 70岁 ) ;儿童 6 6 8人 ,年龄为 (3岁～ 6岁 11个月 ) ,进行甲状腺激素筛查测定。结果　 (1)南昌地区SCH总患病率 6 .1% ,其中成人患病率为 4 .6 % ,儿童患病率 9.1% ,儿童患病率高于成人 (P <0 .0 0 1) ;(2 )女性患病率为 7.4 % ;男性患病率为 4 .9% ,女性患病率高于男性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;(3)SCH患病率与年龄结构比表明 :成人组 :6 0岁以上年龄组患病率最高 10 .4 % ,其次 5 0岁组 (5 .7% )和 18岁组 (5 .6 % ) ,但后两组比较差异无显著性 ,说明两个年龄段皆为患病高峰期。儿童组则以 3岁年龄组 ,患病率最高 (15 .9% ) ,其次是 6岁年龄组 (9.5 % ) ,两者自比或与成人组比较 ,差异皆有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;(4)SCH的患病率与甲状腺肿的发生无明显相关性。结论　南昌地区SCH的患病率较高 ,SCH的发生与性别和年龄相关     

河北省年龄35～75岁人群高血压的流行状况及相关因素

目的初步确定河北省年龄35～75岁人群高血压流行状况,分析高血压相关危险因素。方法采用方便抽样的方法,对2016-2017年间河北省年龄35～75岁常住居民进行问卷调查和体格测量。应用Logistic回归分析该地区人群高血压的影响因素。结果此次研究共筛查35 590人,平均收缩压/舒张压为(138.2±20.5)/(82.7±11.1)mm Hg。高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率、控制率分别为50.30%(标化率45.26%)、56.54%(标化率49.47%)、49.83%(标化率42.23%)、11.87%(标化率10.04%)。高血压患病率男性高于女性(54.41%比47.53%),农村高于城市(53.10%比44.66%,均P0.001)。二分类Logistic分析结果显示女性、城市、低龄、在婚、不吸烟、无糖尿病史、体质量正常人群高血压患病风险较低(均P0.001)。结论河北省年龄35～75岁人群高血压的患病率较高,但知晓率、治疗率、控制率较低,应重点干预男性、农村、吸烟、糖尿病史及超重/肥胖人群。     

中国12个地区中老年人糖尿病患病率调查

目的　调查中国 4 0～ 99岁一般人群中糖尿病和糖耐量低减 (IGT)的患病现状。方法采用分级整群抽样方法 ,在 1997年 8月～ 1998年 8月期间横断面调查中国 12个地区的 4 0～ 99岁居民2 9 5 5 8人。结果　中国 4 0～ 99岁一般人群中糖尿病的标化患病率为 5 .89% (95 %CI:5 .6 2 %～ 6 .16 % ) ,IGT标化患病率为 5 .90 % (95 %CI:5 .6 3～ 6 .17% ) ,12个地区之间的糖尿病标化患病率和IGT标化患病率有显著性区别 (χ2 =84 .5 ,P <1× 10 -5) ,城乡之间的糖尿病患病率 (城 :6 .8% ,乡 :3.8% ,χ2 =12 4 .2 ,P <1× 10 -5)和IGT患病率 (城 :6 .1% ,乡 :5 .3% ,χ2 =11.6 ,P =0 .0 0 0 7)有显著性区别 ,总体上各年龄组之间的糖尿病患病率 (χ2 =12 4 .2 ,P <1× 10 -5)和IGT患病率 (χ2 =11.6 ,P =0 .0 0 0 7)也有显著性区别 ,并呈现增龄性上升的趋势。结论　中老年人糖尿病患病率有地区和城乡差别 ,总体上有随年龄增长而增加的现象     

四川省凉山彝族成人代谢综合征患病率调查

目的 分析比较四川省凉山城乡地区彝族人群代谢综合征(MS)的患病率和危险因素.方法 对自然人群采用整群随机抽样的方法,于2007年7月至8月在四川省凉山州西昌市区及两个乡村的20～74岁的彝族居民开展横断面调查.诊断标准用2006年国际糖尿病联盟(IDF)标准.结果 MS总的患病率为27.5%,其中城市高于农村(31.2% vs 10.1%, P<0.01),女性高于男性(18.4% vs 13.7%,P<0.01);多因素logstic回归分析显示城市人口性别、年龄、UA、ALT是MS的独立危险因素.结论 四川凉山彝族MS患病率特点为城市高于农村、女性高于男性,患病率随年龄增加而增加;MS各组分也是城市明显高于农村;年龄、性别、UA、ALT和城乡不同的生活方式是MS的独立危险因素.     

Giant cell arteritis is more prevalent in urban than in rural populations: results of an epidemiological study of primary systemic vasculitides in Germany

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the period prevalences of primary systemic vasculitides (PSV) in urban and rural populations in northern and southern Germany in 1994. METHODS: Questionnaires were sent to all hospital departments, all physicians, health insurance providers and pension funds, reference laboratories for autoimmune diseases, and death registries in two catchment areas in northern and southern Germany (combined population 875 983) to identify patients with PSV between 1 January and 31 December 1994. Each catchment area encompassed both an urban and a rural area. Each case was re-evaluated by the authors by applying the definitions of the 1992 Chapel Hill Consensus Conference on the Nomenclature of Systemic Vasculitis. RESULTS: A total of 180 PSV patients were identified. The overall prevalence of PSV was 216 cases per 1 000 000 inhabitants (95% confidence interval (CI) 173-259) in northern Germany vs 195 (95% CI 153-236) in southern Germany. The prevalence of PSV was two-fold higher in women than in men, and five-fold higher in people aged > or =50 yr than in people aged <50 yr. The most frequent type of PSV was giant cell arteritis (GCA), with 87 cases per 1 000 000 in northern and 94 in southern Germany, followed by Wegener's granulomatosis, with 58 and 42 cases respectively. In the population aged > or =50 yr the prevalence of GCA was 240 per 1 000 000 in northern and 300 in southern Germany. In both northern and southern Germany the prevalence of GCA in this older population was significantly higher in urban than in rural populations (355 per 1 000 000 vs 115 in northern Germany (P<0.01) and 395 vs 220 (P<0.05) in southern Germany). The relative risk for the older urban population having GCA was 2.25-fold higher (95% CI 1.4-3.6) than in the rural population, and for the female population it was 4.7-fold higher in the urban than in the rural areas (95% CI 2.4-9.3). CONCLUSION: In both northern and southern Germany, GCA was significantly more prevalent in urban than in rural populations, especially among people aged > or =50 yr and in women. It remains unclear whether this disparity was due to underdiagnosis of GCA in the rural regions associated with differences in the German health-care system in cities vs rural areas. Further studies must examine the role of (chronic) exposure to the environmental factors characteristic of cities.     

The burden of diabetes and impaired fasting glucose in India using the ADA 1997 criteria: prevalence of diabetes in India study (PODIS)

This random multistage cross sectional population survey was undertaken to determine the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and impaired fasting glycemia/glucose (IFG) in subjects aged 25 years and above in India. The study was carried out in 108 centers (49 urban and 59 rural) to reflect the size and heterogeneity of the Indian population. 41,270 (20,534 males and 20,736 females) subjects were studied. 21,516 (10,865 males and 10,651 females) were from urban areas and 19,754 (9669 males and 10,085 females) from rural areas. Blood samples were taken after a fast of 10-12h and the subjects were categorized as having IFG or DM using the 1997 American Diabetes Association criteria. The age and gender standardized prevalence rate for DM and IFG in the total Indian population was 3.3 and 3.6% respectively (P < 0.001). The standardized prevalence of DM and IFG in urban areas was significantly higher than that for the rural population (urban DM prevalence 4.6% versus rural DM prevalence 1.9%, P < 0.001; urban IFG prevalence 4.8% versus rural IFG prevalence 2.5%, P < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence between DM (4.6%) and IFG (4.8%) in the urban population. The rural prevalence of IFG (2.5%) was significantly (P <0.001) more than the rural prevalence of DM (1.9%). Type 2 diabetes is a major health problem is India.     

The burden of diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance in India using the WHO 1999 criteria: prevalence of diabetes in India study (PODIS)

This random multistage cross-sectional population survey was undertaken to determine the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in subjects aged 25 years and above in India. The study was carried out in 77 centers (40 urban and 37 rural). 18363 (9008 males and 9355 females) subjects were studied. 10617 (5379 males and 5238 females) were from urban areas and 7746 (3629 males and 4117 females) from rural areas. Blood samples were taken after a fast of 10-12 h and 2 h after 75 g of oral glucose. Subjects were categorized as having IGT or DM using the World Health Organisation (WHO) (1999) criteria. The standardized prevalence rate for DM in the total Indian, urban and rural populations was 4.3, 5.9 and 2.7%, respectively. The corresponding IGT rates in the three populations was 5.2, 6.3 and 3.7%, respectively. The urban prevalence of DM and IGT was significantly greater than in the rural population (P < 0.001 in both instances). The prevalence of DM was significantly, more than that of IGT (P < 0.001) within both the rural and urban populations. Type 2 diabetes is a major health problem is India.     

Inflammatory bowel disease in northern Alberta. An epidemiologic study

The Medical Record departments of the five teaching hospitals in Edmonton, plus the 37 community hospitals in the eight census districts of the northern half of the province of Alberta, Canada, were contacted, and a search was made of all patients with a discharge diagnosis of Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis. Also, the patient records of all Edmonton gastroenterologists were reviewed to discover patients with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis who had never been hospitalized within these census areas. From January 1, 1977, to December 31, 1981 (which was the prevalence date), the population was 1,295,360. Of the 2,419 patients with inflammatory bowel disease, 48.5% had definite Crohn's disease and 33% had definite ulcerative colitis. There were 1,716 (70.9%) patients analyzed in this study. The factorial analysis of disease prevalence per 10(5) population revealed that significant differences were found for location of residence, sex, and age. The prevalence of Crohn's disease was higher in urban than in rural areas and in females than in males, whereas the prevalence of ulcerative colitis was unaffected by these variables. The peak prevalence of Crohn's disease was below age 29 in males and females, and the prevalence in young women at this age was approximately twice that in males. The highest prevalence of Crohn's disease was in urban females aged 20-39 (greater than 234 cases/10(5) population), with similar prevalence rates in urban males and rural females, and with the lowest prevalence rates in rural males. The incidence of Crohn's disease was greater than for ulcerative colitis, began to increase in about 1965, and reached a plateau in the late 1970s. In conclusion, the demonstration of an age, location of residence, or effect of sex on the prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease requires multiple factorial analyses. When the sample is extrapolated to the total diseased population of the region, a prevalence value of 330/10(5) was derived for young female urban individuals residing in this northern area.     

The prevalence of asthma and asthma-like symptoms among adults in rural Beijing, China.

No data have been reported on the prevalence of asthma in rural areas of China. The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of asthma-like symptoms, reported asthma and reported asthma attacks in rural Beijing, China, and to compare the prevalence in 20-44-yr-old participants with those reported for Canada and the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS). For a cross-sectional survey, 30 villages were randomly selected in the counties of Shunyi and Tongxian, 50 km north and east respectively of the city of Beijing and within the municipality of Beijing. The International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease questionnaire on bronchial symptoms translated into Chinese was completed by village doctors for each individual of >15 yrs. The survey was completed by 22,561 individuals, representing 98% of the eligible population. The prevalence of asthma-like symptoms and reported asthma attacks was higher in females than in males and increased with age. Smoking significantly increased the prevalence of symptoms; the effect in females was greater than in males. Among the 20-44-yr-olds, the prevalence of reported asthma attacks in the previous 12 months was 0.67% in rural Beijing, very much lower than that reported in ECRHS centres (3.1%), urban Canada (6.9%) and semirural Canada (5.1%), after adjusting for age and sex. The prevalence of asthma-like symptoms was also very low in rural Beijing compared with ECRHS centres and Canada. It is concluded that the prevalence of asthma-like symptoms and reported asthma was low in rural China compared with other countries, consistent with reports of the relative scarcity of asthma in farms and the "hygiene hypothesis".     

新疆维吾尔自治区汉族、维吾尔族、哈萨克族右束支阻滞流行病学调查及患病率研究

目的了解新疆维吾尔自治区成年人右束支阻滞（fightbundlebranchblock，RBBB）的患病率、分布特征及合并其他心血管疾病的情况。方法应用四阶段整群随机抽样法，在全疆7个地区抽取年龄在35岁以上样本。结果共抽取14618人，RBBB患病率为1．40％；其中汉族为1．60％，维吾尔族为1．50％，哈萨克族为1．00％。男性患病率高于女性（x2=22．00，P〈0．01）。35～44岁、45～54岁、55～64岁、65～74岁、75岁以上各年龄组RBBB患病率依次为0．70％、1．00％、1．80％、2．90％、4．70％。RBBB患者中合并超重或肥胖者占65．20％，高血压者占50．98％，糖尿病者占13．24％，冠心病者占10．78％，心室肥厚占0．50％。结论新疆维吾尔自治区RBBB患病率随年龄增加呈递增趋势，且存在性别和民族差异。RBBB患者主要合并症是超重、肥胖、及高血压。     

北京部分社区55岁及以上人群颈动脉粥样硬化性病变的超声筛查

目的调查北京部分社区年龄≥55岁人群颈动脉粥样硬化病变的情况。方法以整群随机抽样的方法,从北京城乡3个区（宣武、大兴、怀柔）中各选出一个社区,选取1557人（男706人,女851人）年龄≥55岁的人群进行颈动脉粥样硬化性病变的筛查。采用颈动脉超声检测颈动脉内一中膜厚度（IMT,≥1mm为动脉粥样硬化病变开始的标志）、斑块、血管狭窄或闭塞等病变,记录高血压、糖尿病、冠心病、高血脂、吸烟等危险因素的发生情况。结果①颈动脉粥样硬化性病变的检出率为88．4％。其中单纯IMT增厚、单发斑块、多发斑块、至少一处存在狭窄或闭塞病变的检出率分别为22．7％、21．3％、38．9％和5．6％。②单纯IMT增厚、多发斑块及狭窄或闭塞病变的检出率均随年龄增长而逐渐升高;且男性检出率均高于女性（91．3％比84．5％;40．1％比28．7％,7．7％比3．9％）,均P〈0．01。按每5岁为一个年龄段,男性65—69岁年龄段检出率增长最快,女性则为70～74岁年龄段。③城市居民颈动脉IMT增厚、多发斑块及狭窄或闭塞的发生率分别为90．9％、37．7％和7．4％,高于乡村居民的87．1％、31．9％和4．7％,P〈0．05。④城市居民的高血压、糖尿病、冠心病及高血脂的发生率（57．4％、22．2％、20．5％和34．1％）均高于乡村（39．6％、8．6％、12．1％和13．0％）,而吸烟的比例低于乡村（15．5％比30．4％）,均P〈0．01。结论北京地区人群颈动脉粥样硬化的检出率较高,男性高于女性,且发病年龄早于女性。城市居民动脉粥样硬化病变的检出率及严重程度高于乡村。     

Comparing the ADA 1997 and the WHO 1999 criteria: Prevalence of Diabetes in India Study

This random multistage cross-sectional population survey was undertaken to determine the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in subjects aged 25 years and above in India. The study was carried out in 77 centres (42 urban and 35 rural) to reflect the size and heterogeneity of the Indian population. 18,363 (9008 male and 9355 female) subjects were studied. 10,617 (5379 males and 5238 females) were from urban areas and 7746 (3629 males and 4117 females) from rural areas. Blood samples were taken after a fast of 10-12 and 2 h after 75 g of oral glucose. Subjects were categorized as having impaired fasting glycemia (IFG) or DM using the 1997 ADA or having impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or DM using the 1999 WHO criteria. The age- and gender-standardized prevalence rate for DM using the ADA criteria was 3.6% whilst that using the WHO criteria was 4.3% (P < 0.001). The respective standardized prevalence of DM, using the two criteria was, 4.7 and 5.6%, respectively (P < 0.001) in the urban Indian population and 2.0 and 2.7% (P < 0.02) in the rural Indian population. Using the WHO criteria, 581 subjects were newly diagnosed whilst the ADA criteria newly diagnosed 437 subjects. The respective numbers for the urban population were 425 and 323, and for the rural population were 146 and 114, respectively. The ADA criteria could diagnose 75.2, 76.0 and 73.0% of the subjects who had DM as per the WHO criteria. Of 739 Indian subjects who had IFG, 106 (14.3%) were diagnosed as having DM by the WHO criteria whilst 505 (68.3%) had values compatible with a diagnosis of IGT. Of the 536 urban subjects with IFG, 74 (13.8%) had DM and 350 (65.3%) had IGT using the WHO criteria. Of the 302 rural subjects with IFG, 32 (15.8%) had DM and 155 (76.3%) had IGT using the WHO criteria. 505 (49.9%) of 1012 Indian subjects with IGT as per the WHO criteria had IFG. 350 (47.7%) of 733 urban subjects and 155 (55.5%) of 279 rural subjects with IGT had values compatible with IFG as per the ADA criteria. Type 2 diabetes is a major health problem is India. The use of the ADA criteria would underestimate the prevalence of DM by not diagnosing subjects showing a poor response to a glucose challenge. This along with the discrepancies between subjects showing IGF or IGT could be a challenge to any prevention program.