可吸收钉内固定治疗骨折186例分析

自可吸收钉应用于临床以来 ,给骨折患者带来了极大的便利 ,较大程度上消除了钢板螺丝钉取出困难的尴尬局面 ,病人免除了二次手术之苦。因该钉能在体内降解、吸收 ,很容易使病人接受。如果适应症选择不当、或者操作不当等 ,都会给病人带来痛苦。我院自 1997年 1月以来应用可吸收钉治疗骨折 186例 ,取得了较好的效果 ,现报告如下 :临床资料一、一般资料　本组共 186例 ,男 12 8例 ,女 5 8例 ,最小年龄 6岁 ,最大年龄 77岁。本组均为新鲜骨折。上肢骨折 35例 (肱骨外科颈骨折 6例 ,肱骨干骨折 7例 ,肱骨下端骨折 16例 ,尺骨鹰嘴骨折 6例 ) ;下…     

可吸收性材料及其在外科领域中的应用

可吸收性材料及其在外科领域中的应用赵锡江综述张熙曾审阅在外科领域中，可吸收性材料的应用历史久远。自公元前１８００年于埃及的亚历山大诞生了肠线之后，很长时间以来，它是唯一可用的可吸收性外科材料。本世纪的７０年代以来，由于现代化学工业的发展，医用可吸收性...     

可吸收钉联合可吸收线与空心钉张力带内固定治疗髌骨骨折的疗效比较

目的比较可吸收螺钉联合可吸收线与空心钉张力带内固定治疗髌骨骨折的疗效。方法自2007-08—2013-02共诊治髌骨骨折65例,采用可吸收钉联合可吸收线内固定35例（可吸收钉组）,采用空心钉张力带内固定30例（空心钉组）。结果 65例均获得随访16~36个月,平均30个月。2组切口均一期愈合,无感染发生。可吸收钉组在手术时间、骨折临床与影像学愈合时间、恢复劳动能力时间、患者满意度及术后1、4、8、12、16、32周髌骨骨折Levack功能评分方面优于空心钉组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论可吸收螺钉联合可吸收线联合可吸收线治疗髌骨骨折能缩短手术时间、骨折愈合时间,患者满意度较高,无需二次手术,手术操作简单,创伤小。     

可吸收性材料及其在外科领域中的应用

可吸收性材料及其在外科领域中的应用赵锡江＊张熙曾＊在外科领域中，可吸收性材料的应用其历史久远。自公元前１８００年于埃及的亚历山大诞生了肠线以后，很长时间以来，它是唯一可用的可吸收性外科材料。本世纪的７０年代以来，由于现代化学工业的发展，医用可吸收性材...     

可吸收钉在治疗关节内骨折后并发关节交锁

目的：探讨可吸收钉在治疗关节内骨折后产生交锁的原因。方法：回顾分析一例膝关节骨折后选用可吸收钉治疗的临床经过和结果分析。结果：二期行关节镜检查和治疗术后，随访4个月，关节功能恢复正常，结论：关节腔内骨软骨骨折，尤其位置较浅的骨折，选用可吸收钉应慎重，术后要注意残钉松脱。     

国产可吸收钉治疗股骨头骨折的实验研究及临床评价

目的: 观察国产可吸收钉关节内植入后对周围组织的影响, 评价其在治疗股骨头骨折中的临床疗效。方法: 新西兰兔 6只于两侧膝关节内分别植入可吸收钉及金属钉; 4、8、12周后取标本, 行大体及组织学观察。临床 45例股骨头骨折患者采用国产可吸收钉固定。结果: 可吸收钉植入组, 仅表现组织对异物的正常反应; 金属钉组见关节软骨有明显的机械性损伤。45例患者, 随访 12~28个月, 优良率为 93%, 未发现不良反应。结论: 国产可吸收钉是治疗股骨头骨折理想的内固定物。     

可吸收张力带固定尺骨鹰嘴骨折

[目的]分析在治疗尺骨鹰嘴骨折中应用可吸收钉联合可吸收线的安全性与有效性.[方法]回顾性分析本院尺骨鹰骨折106例患者的临床资料,可吸收组以可吸收钉联合可吸收缝线治疗(56例),不可吸收组以克氏针张力带治疗(50例).观察围手术期、随访期及影像学指标.[结果]可吸收组患者的手术时间、术中出血量及住院时间等均明显低于不可...     

国产可吸收钉在治疗髋部骨折中的应用

目的 探讨可吸收钉在治疗髋臼后壁、股骨头骨折中的应用。方法 对76例髋臼后壁骨折，按Epstein分型：Ⅱ型34例，Ⅲ型30例，Ⅳ型8例，Ⅴ型4例；32例股骨头骨折，按Pipkin分型：Ⅰ型18例，Ⅱ型4例，Ⅲ型3例，Ⅳ型7例。分别取髋关节后侧切口入路或前外侧入路，采用可吸收钉固定，定期行X线检查及髋关节功能评价。结果 髋臼骨折76例，平均随访5个月，根据Charnley髋关节功能分数分级，优良率为94．7％；股骨头骨折32例，平均随访时间23个月，优良率为87．5％。结论 国产可吸收钉治疗髋部骨折固定可靠，减少了二次手术的再损伤，最大限度的恢复了髋关节功能，较应用于四肢其它骨折更有意义。     

采用可吸收螺丝钉治疗单纯后十字韧带破裂

膝关节十字韧带损伤，国内外报道集中于前十字韧带，而单纯后十字韧带损伤的报道少见。自１９９５年２月以来，我们收治５例应用可吸收螺丝钉固定治疗，效果满意。１临床资料自１９９５年２月～１９９７年３月，我们收治单纯后十字韧带破裂５例，均早期施行可吸收螺丝钉固...     

关节镜下复位经皮可吸收空心钉内固定治疗髌骨骨折

目的观察关节镜下复位经皮可吸收螺钉内固定治疗髌骨骨折的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析自2017-07—2020-12采用关节镜下复位经皮可吸收空心钉内固定治疗的39例髌骨骨折,镜下观察髌骨骨折形态及移位情况,骨折复位良好、关节面平整后置入导针,导针垂直于骨折断端,根据骨折块数量及形态置入合适长度的可吸收空心钉固定骨折。髌骨下极撕脱骨片较小者置入1枚可吸收空心钉后沿导针向空心钉内引入2根可吸收缝线,1根沿皮下平行于可吸收空心钉、垂直骨折线环扎加压固定骨折断端,1根于皮下沿髌骨周缘环形缝合1圈加强固定。结果本组手术时间45～90 min,平均60 min。未出现神经血管损伤及切口并发症。术后X线片显示骨折复位满意。1例于术后2周不慎摔倒导致内固定失效,重新进行手术。39例均获得随访,随访时间平均6(5～7)个月。所有患者骨折均愈合良好,末次随访时膝关节活动度正常,膝关节功能恢复至骨折前的状态。结论关节镜下复位经皮可吸收空心钉内固定治疗髌骨骨折的手术安全性高,术后疗效可靠。关节镜直视下可恢复关节面的平整,置入导针时可避免进入关节腔内造成损伤,同时方便处理髌骨骨折合并的膝关节周围韧带、半月板损伤,可吸收空心钉无需取出,避免了二次手术创伤。     

Importance of echocardiography in prognosis of surgical outcomes in cholecystitis in elderly patients

The authors propose to use more often echocardiography (EchoCG) in examination of elderly (over 60 years) of age patients with cholecystitis that permits to increase surgical activity to 92.4%. Left ventricular ejection fraction is the most informative. When this fraction is lower than 45% surgery must be recommended on vital indications only. EchoCG was used in 155 patients with cholecystitis, 131 of them were operated. 2 (1.52%) patients died due to acute cardio-vascular insufficiency and pulmonary artery thromboembolism.     

杭州健康女性定量骨超声测定原发性骨质疏松

目的 评价杭州健康女性骨超声速度(SOS)值随增龄减少和骨质疏松患病率，建立杭州地区女性骨超声速度值参考数据库。方法 定量超声法测定1208例杭州地区健康女性桡骨远端(RAD)，第3指骨近节(PLX)，第V跖骨(MTR)和胫骨中段(TIB)的超声速度值。结果 RAD、PLX、MTR和TIBSOS峰值(Peak of SOS)均出现在40-45岁，TJB的SOS峰值出现在35—40岁，此后随年龄增长而下降。绝经后妇女在绝经后早期和晚期各有1个SOS快速减少期，前见于桡骨近端，平均年减少率为2．4％，后见于胫骨中段，平均年减少率为1．8％。各部位骨SOS累积减少率随年龄增长而增加，到85岁4部位累积减少为13％-18％。60岁以后骨质疏松性症(OP)检出率为45％-70％，OP检出率以桡骨远端最高，60-70岁平均为67％，第3指骨近端次之约50％，胫骨中段最低为36％；75岁以后分别为70％，65％和45％。结论 全身各部位骨超声速度值到达峰值的年龄不同，峰值也各有差异。绝经后妇女骨超声速度值随年龄增加减少较快，应予激素和补钙治疗，桡骨远端为本地区SOS检测和OP检出的敏感部位。     

中脑导水管周围灰质小胶质细胞活化在大鼠神经病理性痛中的作用

目的 评价中脑导水管周围灰质小胶质细胞活化在大鼠神经病理性痛中的作用.方法 雄性SD大鼠176只,体重200 ～ 250 g,9周龄,采用随机数字法,将其分为4组:假手术组(S组,n=40)、神经病理性痛组(NP组,n=40)、生理盐水组(NS组,n=48)和米诺环素组(M组,n=48).NP组、NS组和M组采用慢性坐骨神经缩窄性损伤法制备大鼠神经病理性痛模型;S组仅暴露坐骨神经,而不结扎.术后第7天时,NS组和M组分别于中脑导水管周围灰质的腹外侧区注射生理盐水或米诺环素0.5μl.取8只大鼠,分别于术前1 d(T0)、术后第3天(T1)、第7天给药前30 min(T2)、第7天给药后30 min(T3)、第14天(T4)和第21天(T5)时测定机械痛阈.于T1-5时各处死8只大鼠,取脑组织,行小胶质细胞计数.结果 与S组比较,NP组、NS组和M组T1-5时机械痛阈降低,小胶质细胞计数升高(P＜0.05);NP组和NS组各时点机械痛阈和小胶质细胞计数差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);与NP组和NS组比较,M组T3时机械痛阈升高,小胶质细胞计数降低(P＜0.05).结论 中脑导水管周围灰质小胶质细胞的活化参与了大鼠神经病理性痛中的形成与维持.     

沈阳男性髋部骨折多于女性原因探讨

为找出沈阳地区髋部骨折发生男性多于女性的原因，探索该病在不发达国家或地区的流行特点，我们再次通过查阅病例记录，对沈阳市１９９４年５０岁以上人口的部分髋部骨折病发生的原因进行了较详细的调查分析。共调查分析２６６髋部骨折病例，其中男１６３例，女１０３例。损伤原因记为单纯摔倒（滑倒或绊倒）、骑自行车摔倒、自行车撞倒、机动车事故和高位跌下（滚楼梯或从较高位置掉下）。结果表明：男女在髋部骨折伤因构成上有差别（Ｐ＝０．００４）。女性髋部骨折的大多数（７０％）是由单纯摔倒引起，而在男性则不足一半（４９％），即男性髋部骨折的一半以上不是由于单纯摔倒而是由各种意外事故造成的（Ｐ＝０．０００８）。在各种意外事故中，男性骑自行车摔倒引起骨折的频率（２８％）明显高于女性（１０％）。除了骑自行车摔倒外，男性由自行车撞倒和高位跌下引起骨折的频率稍高于女性，但无太大差别。机动车事故造成骨折的频率男女基本一致。此结果在一定的程度上说明，１９９４年沈阳５０岁以上的男性髋部骨折发病率高是由于男性发生的各种意外事故多，尤其是骑自行车引起的事故造成的。     

脊髓胶质细胞在大鼠炎性痛形成中的作用

目的 评价脊髓胶质细胞在大鼠炎性痛形成中的作用.方法 清洁Ⅱ级成年雄性SD大鼠,体重180～220 g,取蛛网膜下腔置管成功的大鼠65只,随机分为5组(n=13),生理盐水组(NS组):右后肢踝关节外侧皮下注射NS 50μl;炎性痛组(IP组):采用右后肢踝关节外侧皮下注射完全弗氏佐剂50μl的方法制备炎性痛模型;氟代柠檬酸组(FC组):经蛛网膜下腔导管注射FC 1 nmol/10 μl,15 min后右后肢踝关节外侧皮下注射NS 50 μl;NS+IP组:经蛛网膜下腔导管注射NS 10 μl,15 min后制备炎性痛模型;FC+IP组:经蛛网膜下腔导管注射FC 1 nmol/10 μ,15 min后制备炎性痛模型.于模型制备前2 d(T_0)、皮下注射药物前(T_1)和注射药物后2、4、6、8、10、12、24、26 h(T_(2～9))时测定机械缩足阈值(MWT)和热缩足潜伏期(TWL).皮下注射药物后8 h时采用免疫组化法测定脊髓背角星形胶质细胞标记物(GFAP)和小胶质细胞标记物(OX-42)的表达水平.结果 与NS组比较,IP组和NS+IP组T_(3～9)时MWT和TWL降低,FC+IP组T_(3～9)时MWT降低,T_(8,9)时TWL降低,IP组、NS+EP组和FC+EP组脊髓GFAP和OX-42的表达水平均上调(P<0.05);与IP组比较,FC组T_(3～9)时MWT和TWL升高,FC+IP组T_(3～7)时MWT和TWL升高,2组脊髓GFAP和OX-42的表达水平均下调(P<0.05或0.01).结论 脊髓胶质细胞的活化参与了大鼠炎性痛的形成.     

脊髓胶质细胞在小鼠骨癌痛形成中的作用

Objective To evaluate the role of gliocyte in the spinal cord in the development of bone cancer pain (BCP) in mice. Methods Forty male C3H/He mice aged 8-10 weeks weighing 18-22 g were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 10 each) : group I sham operation (group S) , group II BCP, group Ⅲ PBS and group IV minocyline (group M) . In group BCP, PBS and M, bone cancer pain was produced by injection of NCTC2472 fibrosarcoma cell suspension (2 x 105 cells) 10 μl into medullary cavity of calcaneus bone, while in group S, PBS solution 10 μl was injected instead of cancer cell suspension. In group PBS and M, PBS 5 μl and minocyline 5 μl (dissolved to 0.2 mmol/L in PBS)_were given IT immediately before cancer cell inoculation once a day for 11 consecutive days respectively. Mechanical pain threshold was measured at 1 d before cancer cell inoculation, and at 0, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. Cold pain threshold was measured at 3, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. The animals were killed after measurement of pain threshold and L4-6, segment of spinal cord was removed for determination of GFAP and CD11b expression by Western blot. Results Compared with group S, mechanical pain threshold was significantly increased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation in group BCP and PBS, and at 3 and S d after cancer cell inoculation in group M, and cold pain threshold was significantly increased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was up-regulated in group BCP, PBS and M ( P < 0.05) . Compared with group BCP, mechanical pain threshold was significantly decreased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, cold pain threshold was significantly decreased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was down-regulated in group M ( P <0.05) . ConclusionThe activiton of gliocyte in the spinal cord is involved in the development of bone cancer pian in mice.     

脊髓胶质细胞在小鼠骨癌痛形成中的作用

Objective To evaluate the role of gliocyte in the spinal cord in the development of bone cancer pain (BCP) in mice. Methods Forty male C3H/He mice aged 8-10 weeks weighing 18-22 g were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 10 each) : group I sham operation (group S) , group II BCP, group Ⅲ PBS and group IV minocyline (group M) . In group BCP, PBS and M, bone cancer pain was produced by injection of NCTC2472 fibrosarcoma cell suspension (2 x 105 cells) 10 μl into medullary cavity of calcaneus bone, while in group S, PBS solution 10 μl was injected instead of cancer cell suspension. In group PBS and M, PBS 5 μl and minocyline 5 μl (dissolved to 0.2 mmol/L in PBS)_were given IT immediately before cancer cell inoculation once a day for 11 consecutive days respectively. Mechanical pain threshold was measured at 1 d before cancer cell inoculation, and at 0, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. Cold pain threshold was measured at 3, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. The animals were killed after measurement of pain threshold and L4-6, segment of spinal cord was removed for determination of GFAP and CD11b expression by Western blot. Results Compared with group S, mechanical pain threshold was significantly increased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation in group BCP and PBS, and at 3 and S d after cancer cell inoculation in group M, and cold pain threshold was significantly increased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was up-regulated in group BCP, PBS and M ( P < 0.05) . Compared with group BCP, mechanical pain threshold was significantly decreased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, cold pain threshold was significantly decreased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was down-regulated in group M ( P <0.05) . ConclusionThe activiton of gliocyte in the spinal cord is involved in the development of bone cancer pian in mice.     

脊髓胶质细胞在小鼠骨癌痛形成中的作用

Objective To evaluate the role of gliocyte in the spinal cord in the development of bone cancer pain (BCP) in mice. Methods Forty male C3H/He mice aged 8-10 weeks weighing 18-22 g were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 10 each) : group I sham operation (group S) , group II BCP, group Ⅲ PBS and group IV minocyline (group M) . In group BCP, PBS and M, bone cancer pain was produced by injection of NCTC2472 fibrosarcoma cell suspension (2 x 105 cells) 10 μl into medullary cavity of calcaneus bone, while in group S, PBS solution 10 μl was injected instead of cancer cell suspension. In group PBS and M, PBS 5 μl and minocyline 5 μl (dissolved to 0.2 mmol/L in PBS)_were given IT immediately before cancer cell inoculation once a day for 11 consecutive days respectively. Mechanical pain threshold was measured at 1 d before cancer cell inoculation, and at 0, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. Cold pain threshold was measured at 3, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. The animals were killed after measurement of pain threshold and L4-6, segment of spinal cord was removed for determination of GFAP and CD11b expression by Western blot. Results Compared with group S, mechanical pain threshold was significantly increased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation in group BCP and PBS, and at 3 and S d after cancer cell inoculation in group M, and cold pain threshold was significantly increased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was up-regulated in group BCP, PBS and M ( P < 0.05) . Compared with group BCP, mechanical pain threshold was significantly decreased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, cold pain threshold was significantly decreased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was down-regulated in group M ( P <0.05) . ConclusionThe activiton of gliocyte in the spinal cord is involved in the development of bone cancer pian in mice.