高度近视眼透明晶状体摘除联合人工晶状体植入术的临床观察

目的　探讨高度近视眼透明晶状体超声乳化吸除或囊外摘除联合人工晶状体植入术的安全性和有效性。方法　 33例 (4 7只眼 )高度近视眼 ,行超声乳化吸除联合折叠式人工晶状体植入术 2 8只眼 ,透明晶状体囊外摘除联合硬性人工晶状体植入术 1 9只眼。平均年龄 (4 8.3± 1 2 .6 )岁。术前矫正视力 0 .1 5～ 1 .0 ,平均近视度数 (-1 4 .2 2± 3.6 5 ) D,平均散光度数 (0 .97± 0 .82 ) D。随访半年以上。结果　术中 1只眼后囊膜破裂。术后半年 ,所有患者裸眼视力均提高 ,37只眼 (78.7% )裸眼视力≥ 0 .5 ,4 0只眼 (85 .1 % )矫正视力≥ 0 .5 ,平均近视度数 (- 1 .34± 0 .6 2 ) D,平均散光度数 (0 .84± 0 .87) D。术后晶状体后囊膜混浊 6只眼 (1 2 .8% ) ,视网膜脱离 1只眼。囊外摘除术者并发症多。结论　超声乳化透明晶状体摘除联合低度、负度数人工晶状体植入术是矫治高度近视眼安全、有效的手术方法 ,适应于不宜行角膜屈光手术的高度近视眼患者     

超声乳化摘除透明晶状体治疗高度近视的疗效观察

目的探讨超声乳化透明晶状体吸除联合人工晶体植入术治疗高度近视的有效性和安全性。方法对59例103只眼高度近视患者行巩膜隧道切口超声乳化透明晶状体吸除联合人工晶体植入术。术中将切口选在陡子午线上可以矫正术前存在的部分散光.平均年龄35.37±4.32岁,术前矫正视力0.15～1.0,平均近视度数-13.10±3.15D,平均散光度数-1.36±0.83D,平均眼轴长度27.82±2.13mm,平均植入人工晶状体屈光度数＋7.22±3.71D。结果术后88只眼裸眼视力≥0.5,其中19只眼视力≥0.8;14只眼视力〈0.5,但较术前最佳矫正视力有所提高;1只眼术后视力无提高,查眼底见黄斑变性。术后平均近视度数-2.13±0.31D;平均散光度数-1.21±0.26D。术后发生晶状体后囊膜混浊3只眼,视网膜脱离1只眼,黄斑囊样水肿1只眼。结论超声乳化透明晶状体吸除联合人工晶状体植入术是矫治高度近视安全、有效的方法,具有术后视力好、并发症少,预测屈光状态准确性高及稳定性好,可通过切口的选择减少散光等优点。可用于高度近视眼的屈光手术治疗,特别是对于准分子激光无法治疗的超高度近视尤为适用。     

屈光度大于-12.00D透明晶状体超声乳化术的临床研究

目的:探讨屈光度大于-12.00D透明晶状体超声乳化吸除联合人工晶状体植入术治疗高度近视的有效性和安全性。方法:对78例(100眼)高度近视患者行巩膜隧道切口超声乳化透明晶状体吸除联合人工晶状体植入术。平均年龄39.2岁,术前矫正视力0.12～0.6,平均近视度数(-14.41±4.33)D。结果:术后所有患者裸眼视力均有提高;82眼(82.0%)裸眼视力≥0.5;96眼(96.0%)矫正视力≥0.5。术后屈光度数为-0.60～-3.48D,平均散光度数(0.58±0.92)D。术后平均随访时间19.5mo。术后发生晶状体后囊膜混浊14眼(14.0%),未见视网膜裂孔、视网膜脱离及黄斑囊样水肿。结论:超声乳化吸除屈光度大于-12.00D透明晶状体联合人工晶状体植入术,术后视力好、并发症少,是矫治高度近视安全、有效的方法,但是手术者及患者的选择应当是有条件的。     

超声乳化透明晶状体联合人工晶状体植入治疗高度近视

目的:探讨超声乳化透明晶状体联合人工晶状体植入治疗高度近视的有效性和安全性.方法:对我院自2004/2006年25例43眼的高度近视患者施行透明晶状体超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术.平均年龄48.6岁,术前患者裸眼视力0.01～0.25,屈光度数平均-13.75±0.26D,平均散光度数1.07±0.86D,矫正视力0.1～0.6,平均眼轴长度28.13±2.32mm.结果:所有患者裸眼视力均比术前提高,其中术后1d 4眼(9%)0.1～0.12者9眼(21%)0.15～0.4者30眼(70%)≥0.5;术后3mo 18例主导眼裸眼视力均≥0.5,40眼(93%)矫正视力≥0.5,其中3眼(7%)因后巩膜葡萄肿及黄斑病变矫正视力较差0.12～0.3;所有患者术中术后无严重并发症,术后屈光状态稳定,未见回退的现象.结论:超声乳化透明晶状体联合人工晶状体植入术可治疗其他屈光手术难以解决的高度近视,是这一部分患者获得正视的安全、有效、准确和稳定的可靠途径.     

前房型人工晶状体植入治疗高度近视的有效性及安全性评估

目的　探讨有晶状体眼前房型人工晶状体植入术矫正高度近视的有效性和安全性。方法　对 5 1例 92眼高度近视患者行巩膜隧道切口有晶状体眼前房型人工晶状体植入术。平均年龄2 8 14岁 ,术前矫正视力 0 15～ 1 0 ,平均近视度数 (-14 90± 1 1)D ,平均散光度数 (-1 3 8±0 3 )D ,平均植入人工晶状体屈光度数 (-14 82± 1 3 3 )D。结果　术后所有患者裸眼视力提高 ;79眼 (85 87% )裸眼视力≥ 0 5 ;63眼 (68 48% )术后裸眼视力较术前最佳矫正视力提高。术后平均近视度数 (-0 5 4± 0 3 7)D ,平均散光度数 (-0 67± 0 14 )D。术后平均角膜内皮细胞数目为(2 90 5± 2 69)个 /mm2 ,较术前减少了 7 0 2 %。术后平均随访时间 18个月。无严重并发症发生。结论　有晶状体眼前房型人工晶状体植入术是矫治高度近视安全、有效的方法 ,具有术后视力好、并发症少、预测屈光状态准确性及稳定性好等优点     

透明晶状体摘除联合人工晶状体植入治疗高度近视的疗效观察

目的 :探讨采用超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术治疗高度近视的疗效。方法 :对 31例 (41只眼 )高度近视眼经透明角膜切口或巩膜隧道切口行超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术 ,平均年龄 (44 2 1± 5 33)岁 ,术前最佳矫正视力为指数 / 30cm～ 0 6 ,平均等效球镜度数为 (- 15 5 4± 4 13)D ,平均眼轴长度为 (2 8 4 5± 5 13)mm ,植入人工晶状体屈光度 (- 7 0～ 14 5 )D。结果 :所有病例术后矫正视力均超过术前最佳矫正视力 ,术后裸眼视力达到或超过术前最佳矫正视力者 31只眼(75 6 % ) ,术后裸眼视力达到或超过 0 5者 18只眼 (43 9% )。术后屈光度平均值为 (- 1 85± 1 32 )D ,37只眼 (90 2 % )在设计预矫屈光度± 1D内 ,39只眼 (95 1% )在预矫屈光度± 2D内。术后 6～ 2 4个月 (平均 15个月 )随访期中 ,5只眼 (12 2 % )发生后囊膜混浊。未发现视网膜脱离、黄斑囊样水肿、眼底出血、青光眼、人工晶状体偏位等并发症。结论 :超声乳化透明晶状体摘除联合人工晶状体植入术是治疗高度近视安全、有效的方法 ,具有术后视力好、并发症少、预测屈光状态准确性及稳定性较好等优点。其远期疗效有待观察。     

超声乳化透明晶状体摘除联合人工晶状体植入治疗高度近视的疗效观察

目的:探讨超声乳化透明晶状体摘除联合人工晶状体植入术治疗高度近视的临床有效性和安全性。方法:2005/2007年在我院行超声乳化透明晶状体摘除联合人工晶状体植入术的高度近视患者38例47眼,年龄30～45(平均37.2±1.4)岁,术前患者裸眼视力0.01～0.25,屈光度数平均-13.15D±0.37D,平均散光度数1.0D±0.91D,矫正视力0.2～0.8,平均眼轴长度27.18±2.45mm。结果:术后所有患者裸眼视力均有所提高。术后视力1d0.1～0.2者6眼(12.8%),0.2～0.5者11眼(23.4%),>0.5以上者30眼(63.8%)。术后屈光度为0.50D～-1.75D,平均散光度为0.5D～1.0D。术后发生后囊膜混浊6眼(12.8%),所有患者术中及术后无严重并发症、屈光状态稳定。术后2mo内部分患者有视近不适、调节疲劳等不适,但3mo后症状缓解,年轻患者有较强的主观调节幅度和自我调节能力。结论:超声乳化透明晶状体摘除联合人工晶状体植入术可治疗其他屈光手术难以解决的高度近视,使这一部分患者获得正视的安全、稳定、可靠的途径。     

透明角膜切口白内障超声乳化手术临床观察

目的　探讨透明角膜切口白内障超声乳化吸除及丙烯酸可折叠人工晶状体植入术后的临床效果。方法　采用上方 3.2 mm阶梯状透明角膜切口 ,对 80例 (89只眼 )老年性、并发性和外伤性白内障行超声乳化吸除 ,并植入丙烯酸可折叠人工晶状体。结果　术后第 1天裸眼或球镜矫正视力≥ 0 .5者占 88.77% ;术后 1周、1个月和3个月裸眼或球镜矫正视力≥ 0 .5者分别占 95 .5 1 %、97.75 %和 98.88%。术后 1周平均散光为 (0 .96± 0 .82 ) D,比术前增加 0 .1 2 D,(P >0 .0 5 )。术后 1个月和 3个月平均散光为 (0 .89± 0 .5 6 ) D和 (0 .85± 0 .6 9) D,与术前无统计学差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。术后后囊膜混浊发生率为 1 .1 2 %。结论　透明角膜切口白内障超声乳化吸除和折叠式人工晶状体植入术具有早期恢复视力、散光稳定快和后囊混浊发生率低的优点 ,是值得推广的手术     

中老年高度近视透明晶状体摘除联合Bigbag人工晶状体植入术的临床观察

目的 观察透明晶状体超声乳化吸除联合Bigbag人工晶状体植入术治疗中老年高度近视的有效性及安全性.设计 回顾性病例系列.研究对象 40-65岁高度近视患者20例（36眼）.方法 采用IOL-Master测算人工晶状体度数,患眼均行透明晶状体超声乳化吸除联合Bighag人工晶状体植入术,比较手术前后视力及屈光状态;观察术中、术后并发症.主要指标 视力、屈光状态、后囊膜皱褶.结果 术前裸眼视力均＜0.3,术前最佳矫正视力＞0.6者5.眼（13.9%）,术后3天裸眼视力＞0.6者10眼（27.8%）,术后1个月、3个月最佳矫正视力＞0.6者分别为21眼（58.3%）,20眼（55.6%）.术后I个月屈光度＋1.50-2.00 D,平均（-0.58±0.68）D;术后3个月屈光度＋1.50-2.00 D,平均（-0.58±0.64 ）D,与术后I个月比较差异无统计学意义（P=1.000）.术中1眼发生后囊膜破裂,行前部玻璃体切除,人工晶状体植入囊袋内.未发现其他术中、术后并发症.后囊膜末发现皱褶,人工晶状体固定良好.术后3个月3眼（8.3%）后囊膜轻度混浊,观察至6个月无进展.结论 透明晶状体超声乳化吸除联合Bigbag人工晶状体植入术治疗中老年高度近视是一种安全、有效的手术方法,Bigbag人工晶状体可对后囊膜起到稳定的支撑作用.     

表麻下小切口透明晶状体吸出及人工晶状体植入术治疗高度近视

目的 :评价高度近视患者表麻下行透明晶状体吸出及人工晶状体植入术的术后效果。方法 :5 6例 10 6眼高度近视患者在表面麻醉下行小切口透明晶状体吸出及人工晶状体植入术。使用超声乳化仪 ,但未用超声能量。平均年龄 3 8 5 9± 9 44岁 ;术前裸眼视力 0 0 1～ 0 2 ,矫正视力 0 0 5～ 1 0 ;平均近视度 (-19 47± 5 41)D ,平均眼轴长(3 0 45± 1 94)mm ,平均植入人工晶状体屈光度数 ( 3 96± 4 2 7)D。术后平均随访时间 16个月。结果 :术后裸眼视力均好于或等于术前矫正视力。术后裸眼视力≥ 0 5者 79眼 (74 5 % )。术后矫正视力≥ 0 5者 99眼 (93 4% )。术后平均屈光度 (-1 49± 1 11)D。发生后囊膜混浊及玻璃体前界膜混浊 8眼 ,无视网膜脱离及黄斑囊样水肿发生。结论 :表麻下小切口透明晶状体吸出及人工晶状体植入术矫正高度近视 ,安全有效 ,预测性好 ,视力稳定。     

高度近视白内障超声乳化摘出人工晶状体植入术

目的评价高度近视眼白内障超声乳化摘出术及人工晶状体植入术的疗效.方法对眼轴＞26mm(平均27.46mm)的94例(104眼)高度近视合并白内障患者行超声乳化摘出及人工晶状体植入术.结果术后1月裸眼或矫正视力≥0.5者84眼(80.76%),视力≥1.0者34眼(32.69%).结论高度近视白内障超声乳化及人工晶状体植入术具有术后视力恢复快屈光状态稳定等优点,但眼轴＞30mm以上者视力差.     

高度近视白内障超声乳化摘除及后房型人工晶体植入术

评价高度近视白内障超声乳化摘除及后房型人工晶体植入术的疗效。方法对２１例老年性、并发性和先天性白内障施行巩膜隧道切口超声乳化吸除,通过３．２ｍｍ切口植入折叠式人工晶体,通过５．５ｍｍ切口植入ＰＭＭＡ硬性人工晶体。     

Clear lens phacoemulsification for correction of high myopia.

PURPOSE: To assess phacoemulsification and posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) implantation as an effective, safe, and predictable technique for the correction of high myopia. SETTING: University Eye Clinic of Verona, Verona, Italy. METHODS: A series of 25 eyes with myopia higher than -12.0 diopters (D) had clear lens extraction by phacoemulsification and IOL implantation in the capsular bag. The mean postoperative follow-up was 42.92 months +/- 3.76 (SD). RESULTS: No serious intraoperative complications occurred. Uncorrected visual acuity improved in all cases. The mean postoperative best corrected visual acuity improved by an average of 1 line. One case (4.0%) of postoperative retinal detachment (RD) occurred at 12 months. One case (4.0%) of biometric error (3.0 D) occurred. CONCLUSION: Clear lens extraction by phacoemulsification and IOL implantation in a series of highly myopic eyes was effective and had an acceptable predictability and a low rate of complications. Careful evaluation of the retinal periphery by indirect ophthalmoscopy is recommended to avoid postoperative RD.     

高度近视白内障超声乳化联合低度数人工晶状体植入术的临床分析

目的：评价高度轴性近视白内障超声乳化联合低度数人工晶状本植入术的疗效。方法：对330例（372只眼）高度轴性近视并发白障患者施行白内障超声乳化联合低度数人工晶状体植入术。结果：植入低度数人工晶状体372只眼，眼轴长度为25.99mm-34.37mm，植入人工晶状体度数为-10D- 15D，术后视力≥0.5者186只眼（50％）。结论：白内障超声乳化联合低度数人工晶状体植入术是治疗高度轴性近视并发白内障的有效方法之一，术后视力较差的原因为高度近视所致的眼底病变。     

Clear lens extraction in high myopia

PURPOSE: To evaluate effectiveness and safety of clear lens extraction in high myopia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 39 eyes of 26 patients had clear lens extraction and implantation of PC IOL. The mean preoperative spherical equivalent was -17.0 D sph, mean follow-up was 19.4 months. IOL calculations were performed using SRK II formula for target refraction -2.0 or -3.0 D sph. RESULTS: The mean postoperative spherical equivalent was -3.3 D sph. The best corrected visual acuity improved in 84.6% of eyes. The percentage of eyes achieving BCVA 0.5 or better increased from 23% preoperatively to 59% postoperatively. In 7 eyes (18%) posterior capsule opacification occurred. Two years after the surgery in one eye retinal detachment appeared, which was successfully treated. CONCLUSION: Clear lens extraction with PC IOL implantation in high myopia gives good results with low number of complications.     

Photorefractive keratectomy or laser in situ keratomileusis for residual refractive error after phakic intraocular lens implantation

PURPOSE: To evaluate the results of combining phakic posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) implantation and excimer corneal surgery to treat high myopia or myopia with astigmatism. SETTING: Service d'Ophtalmologie, H?pital Purpan, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France. METHODS: Thirty-two eyes of 28 patients with extreme myopia or myopia combined with astigmatism were treated by implantation of a phakic posterior chamber IOL. Residual refractive errors were treated no earlier than 6 weeks after IOL implantation by photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in eyes with low refractive errors or by laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) in eyes with higher residual refractive errors. RESULTS: The mean preoperative spherical equivalent (SE) refraction was -18.7 diopters (D). The refractive astigmatism ranged from 0 to 3.5 D. After excimer laser treatment, the SE refraction ranged from -0.5 to -2.5 D and the refractive astigmatism, from 0 to 1.5 D in the PRK group. In the LASIK group, spherical ametropia ranged from -1.5 to +1.5 D and astigmatism, from 0 to 1.0 D. After excimer laser treatment, the uncorrected visual acuity improved in all eyes but a loss of 1 line of the corrected vision after IOL implantation occurred in 22.2% of PRK-treated eyes and in 13.6% of LASIK-treated eyes. CONCLUSIONS: Bioptic treatment of extreme myopia and myopia associated with astigmatism appears to be safer and more predictable than other methods of treatment.     

Foldable toric intraocular lens for astigmatism correction in cataract patients

PURPOSE: To evaluate the results of AcrySof toric intraocular lens (IOL) (Alcon) implantation to correct preexisting astigmatism in patients having cataract surgery. SETTING: Ophthalmology Service, Donostia Hospital, San Sebastián, Spain. METHODS: This prospective observational study included 30 eyes of 15 consecutive patients with more than 1.00 diopter (D) of preexisting corneal astigmatism having cataract surgery. Bilateral implantation of the AcrySof toric IOL was performed after phacoemulsification. The uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), residual refractive sphere, residual keratometric and refractive cylinders, and toric IOL axis were measured. RESULTS: The UCVA was 20/40 or better in 93.3% of eyes and 20/25 or better in 66.6%. All eyes achieved 20/25 or better BCVA. The mean refractive cylinder decreased significantly after surgery from -2.34 D +/- 1.28 (SD) to -0.72 +/- 0.43 D (P<.01). Vector analysis of attempted versus achieved correction showed that 100% of eyes were within +/-1.00 D and 80% and 93.9% were within +/-0.50 D for J(0) and J(45), respectively. The mean toric IOL axis rotation was 3.63 +/- 3.11 degrees, with rotation less than 10 degrees in 96.7% of eyes. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that phacoemulsification and posterior chamber AcrySof toric IOL implantation is an effective option to correct preexisting astigmatism in cataract surgery. The AcrySof toric IOL showed good rotational stability.     

有晶状体眼后房散光型IOL植入矫正高度近视散光

目的：评价有晶状体眼后房散光型人工晶状体(TICL)植入术矫治高度近视散光的临床效果。

方法：选自2009-10/2011-11接受TICL植入的高度近视散光患者30例50眼,术前平均屈光度球镜-10.75±2.65D,柱镜-2.85±0.75D。随访观察术后3mo～2a裸眼视力、最佳矫正视力、屈光度、内皮细胞计数等情况,分析并发症的发生情况。

结果：术后裸眼视力：0.5～1.2(平均0.75±0.34)。术前最佳矫正视力：0.3～1.0(平均0.58±0.35),术后最佳矫正视力0.6～1.2(平均0.78±0.35)。达到术前矫正视力20眼(40%),超过术前最佳矫正视力30眼(60%),随访3mo～2a,视力无明显变化。术后屈光度数平均球镜-0.52±0.35D,柱镜0.52±0.25D。角膜内皮细胞计数术前3 026±250个/mm²,术后3mo为3 023±246个/mm²,差异无统计学意义(P<0.05)。未见严重影响视力的并发症。

结论：TICL植入矫治高度近视散光安全有效,是高度近视散光患者的理想治疗方法。对眼内的长期影响需要进一步观察。     

Iris-claw phakic (Artisan) lens to correct high myopia

PURPOSE: To assess the safety and efficacy of the iris claw phakic (6mm Artisan lens) in patients with high myopia. METHODS: Twenty-five eyes with myopia of -7.50 to 16D were implanted with a 6mm artisan lens and followed for 24 months. RESULTS: The mean preoperative spherical equivalent refraction was 13.08+/-3.44D at one year. Mean operative spherical equivalent refraction was 0. 77+/-0.57D and 81.8% of eyes had a spherical equivalent refraction within +/-1.00D. Best spectacle-corrected visual acuity was maintained or improved in 62.5% of cases. No iritis or cataract or glaucoma was observed. CONCLUSION: Implantation with the 6mm Artisan lens is an effective method for reducing or correcting myopia up to -16D. Gains in spectacle corrected visual acuity were common, and results suggested good predictability. Because of the incomplete follow up, we cannot draw conclusions about the long term safety of the 6mm Artisan lens.