人精子染色体制备方法的改良与应用

对８０例正常人组进行精子染色体直接制备、Ｇ显带核型分析，成功率为６２．５％，与Ｔｅｍｐｌａｄｏ方法５８．１％比较，Ｐ〈０．０５，有差异。精子染色体数目和结构畸变率分别为２．３％和０％。另对４６例临床对象进行精子染色体研究，精子染色体数目和结构畸变率分别为：不育组１５例，１４．０％和４．８％；流产组２６例，４．５％和２．４％，均正常人组增加，染色体平衡易位携带者组５例，均发现中期１易位型染色体的环状     

乙型病毒性肝炎病人染色体畸变分析

为探讨乙型病毒性肝炎病人的细胞遗传学改变特点，我们对２４７例乙型肝炎病毒感染肝病患者的外周血淋巴细胞染色体进行检查，结果：慢性乙肝患者２３３例，染色体畸变率为３．３３％；肝硬化７例，染色体畸变率为３．８６％；肝癌７例，染色体畸变率为３．４２％。同时检测１０２名健康者作为对照，其染色体畸变率为０．６４％。经统计学处理，三种肝病患者染色体畸变率与正常对照比较均有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）；而三种肝病患者之间其染色体畸变无明显差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。     

乳腺癌患者染色体不稳定性及脆性部位的研究

作者对１６例未经放、化疗治疗的乳腺癌患者外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变率及脆性部位进行观察分析。结果表明，有１８对染色体异常，集中表达在１、３、５、６、９、１０、１７和Ｘ染色体上，其中脆性部位３Ｐ＾１４表达率最高，其次是１Ｐ＾３２、１ｑ＾３２、６Ｐ＾２１较高，染色体畸变率及脆性部位表达率均高于对照组（Ｐ〈０．０１）。     

精神发育迟滞者与染色体脆性部位相关性的研究

目的：探讨精神发育迟滞者与染色体畸变率和脆性部位表达率的相关性,方法：采用外周血淋巴细胞染色体制备和脆性技术,对30例精神发育迟滞者和30例正常人的染色体畸变率和脆性部位表达率进行分析。：精神发育迟滞者染色体的畸变率为4．32％,脆性部位的表达率为2．18％,而正常对照组染色体畸变率为1．55％,脆性部位的表达率为0．89％,两者的染色体畸变率和脆性部位表达率有明显的差异（P＜0．01）,结论：提示精神发育迟滞与染色体的畸变率和脆性部位的表达率有一定的相关性。     

急性放射损伤的诊断与鉴别诊断

目的：探讨放射损伤的定性及定量诊断。方法：对４例患者的意外受照史、剂量估算、临床表现、实验室检查、染色体畸变率检查进行综合分析。结果：３例意外受照者全身及局部受照剂量分别为：１．７８Ｇｙ、３０Ｇｙ，０．１２Ｇｙ、５．４２Ｇｙ、０．０１４Ｇｙ、２．８０Ｇｙ，染色体畸变率分别为：７．３３％、２．５％、１．５％；１例非意外受照者的受照剂量小于０．０５Ｇｙ，染色体畸变率为０％。结论：染色体畸变率可作为定性、定量诊断指标     

脆性部位与原癌基因在乙型肝炎病人中的相关性

①目的 探讨脆性部位与原癌基因在乙型病毒性肝炎（乙肝）病人中的相关性及其与原发性肝癌发生的关系。②方法 用低叶酸、低小牛血清和较高ｐＨ值培养方法,常规外周血染色体制片,对２０例乙肝病人（病人组）和２０例健康正常人（对照组）进行染色体脆性部位分析。③结果 病人组检出３１种脆性部位,主要分布于Ａ,Ｂ,Ｃ组染色体,其表达率为８．９４％,与正常对照组（４．０５％）比较差异有显著性（ｕ＝５．８３,Ｐ〈０．０     

小儿急性白血病染色体的脆性部位与临床分析

目的　了解小儿急性白血病染色体脆性部位的改变与临床的关系。方法　对临床已确诊的 5 0例小儿急性白血病进行染色体脆性部位检查 ,与 15例正常人对照 ,分析其与临床的关系。结果　染色体脆性部位在小儿急性白血病中高度表达 ,共检出脆性位点 4 3个 ,其中普通型 (C Fra) 34个、罕见的脆位点 (H Fra) 9个 ,与正常对照有明显的区别 (P <0 .0 0 1)。结论　染色体的脆性部位 ,畸变率 ,年龄越小 ,畸变率越高、予后越差。而且脆性部位与癌基因断裂点及癌基因座位相关。     

乳腺癌患者染色体不稳定性及脆性部位的研究

作者对１６例未经放、化疗治疗的乳腺癌患者外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变率及脆性部位进行观察分析。结果表明，有１８对染色体异常，集中表达在１、３、５、６、９、１０、１７和ｘ染色体上，其中脆性部位３ｐ１４表达率最高，其次是１ｐ３２、１ｑ３２、６ｐ２１较高，染色体畸变率及脆性部位表达率均高于对照组（Ｐ＜０，０１）。     

骨肿瘤患者外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变的探讨

作者对１４例恶性骨肿瘤和１４例良性骨肿瘤患者与１５例正常成人的外周血淋巴细胞染色体数目改变。结果畸变及微核变进行了研究，结果：恶性组染色体的平均值，正常二倍体８１．９％，非正常二倍体１８．１％，结构畸变率５．９％，微核率７．３‰，与良性骨肿瘤组的９４．４％，５．６％，２．１４％，３．１‰及正常人群的９７．６％，２．４％，０．９３％〉２．４‰相比较，存在高显著差异，Ｐ〈０．０１。     

奋乃静诱发淋巴细胞染色体脆性部位畸变观察

用外周血淋巴细胞培养法，以不同浓度奋乃静处理，检测脆性部位的染色体畸变率。对照组畸变率为６．９％，低浓度组为１６．２％，高浓度组为２７．３％，低浓度组、高浓度组与对照组均有显著统计学差异。表明在体外培养条件下奋乃静可提高脆性部位的染色体畸变率。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.