长叶胡颓子对大鼠结肠炎氧自由基和炎症介质的影响

目的 研究长叶胡颓子果实提取物对大鼠结肠炎损伤氧自由基和炎症介质的影响。方法 建立大鼠结肠炎模型,采用长叶胡颓子果实提取物（300、500、1000mg／kg）灌胃2周后,检测超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH—Px）活性以及丙二醛（MDA）含量和肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）、血清白细胞介素（IL）-6、IL-8、IL-10水平。结果 长叶胡颓子果实提取物灌胃均能不同程度减少模型大鼠MDA含量,提高SOD、GSH—Px活性,使显著升高的TNF、IL-6、IL-8水平下降,降低的IL-10水平升高,且与用药剂量呈一定量效关系。结论 长叶胡颓子通过清除氧自由基、抑制炎症介质的激活,对结肠炎大鼠结肠损伤进行修复,减轻炎症反应和组织破坏。     

黄芩甙对缺血再灌注大鼠心肌损伤的保护作用

采用大鼠心肌缺血再灌注模型观察黄芩甙对缺血再灌注后心律失常和心肌损伤的保护作用。实验大鼠分为假手术组、缺血再灌注组、黄芩甙I组、黄芩甙II组和维拉帕米组。观察对各组大鼠心电图、血清磷酸肌酸激酶(CPK)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GSH PX)及心肌组织内超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、脂质过氧化物丙二醛 (MDA)的影响。结果表明 ,黄芩甙可显著减少再灌注性心律失常发生率 ,降低CPK活性和MDA含量 ,升高SOD和GSH PX活性。提示黄芩甙对再灌注心肌具有保护作用 ,其机制可能与其抗脂质过氧化反应有关     

间歇游泳训练对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的探讨间歇游泳训练对缺血再灌注损伤大鼠心肌损伤的保护作用。方法将60只大鼠随机分为间歇运动组、假手术组和模型组,每组20只。心肌缺血再灌注前,间歇运动组大鼠进行间歇游泳训练,假手术组和模型组大鼠不运动。连续训练8周后,间歇运动组和模型组大鼠结扎左冠状动脉前降支,使大鼠心肌缺血30 min,松开结扎线再灌注60 min;假手术组大鼠开胸穿线但不结扎。采用实时定量聚合酶链反应和Western blot技术检测大鼠心肌组织c-fos、Bcl-2 mRNA和蛋白的表达;应用原位细胞凋亡法测定心肌细胞凋亡情况;利用酶联免疫吸附实验检测大鼠心肌组织内超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)活性的变化。结果与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠c-fos mRNA与蛋白的表达显著升高,而Bcl-2 mRNA与蛋白的表达显著降低(P<0.01);与模型组比较,间歇运动组大鼠c-fos mRNA与蛋白的表达显著降低,而Bcl-2 mRNA与蛋白的表达显著升高(P<0.01)。模型组大鼠心肌细胞凋亡指数与假手术组比较显著增加,间歇运动组大鼠心肌细胞凋亡指数与模型组比较明显降低(P<0.01)。与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠心肌组织总SOD活性降低,MDA活性显著增高(P<0.01);与模型组比较,间歇运动组大鼠心肌组织总SOD活性增高,MDA活性显著降低(P<0.01)。结论间歇游泳训练能够明显降低c-fos的表达,增强Bcl-2的表达,提高心肌细胞SOD活性,减少MDA生成,从而对心肌组织发挥良好的保护作用。     

盲肠结扎穿孔脓毒症大鼠心肌损伤的相关研究

【摘要】目的 通过盲肠结扎穿孔脓毒症大鼠心肌细胞凋亡率的变化,探讨心肌细胞凋亡与心肌损伤的关系。方法 将40只健康雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为假手术组（SH组,n=20）及脓毒症组（CLP组,n=20）,采用盲肠结扎穿孔法(CLP)制备脓毒症动物模型,24小时后,检测各组的血清脑钠肽(BNP)、肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)水平。观察心肌组织病理变化、心肌组织TNF-α的表达水平及心肌细胞凋亡率。结果 CLP组出现明显的心肌损伤,CLP组血清BNP、cTnI高于SH组（P＜0.01）,心肌组织TNF α、心肌细胞凋亡率高于SH组（P＜0.01）。结论 心肌细胞凋亡在脓毒症心肌损伤发病机制中可能起着重要的作用。     

珍珠梅提取物对化学致癌前病变大鼠抗氧化活力的影响

目的 研究珍珠梅乙酸乙酯提取物对二乙基亚硝胺(diethylnitrosamine，DEN)致癌前病变大鼠抗氧化活力的影响。方法 给动物灌胃给药，用DEN制备大鼠化学致癌初期模型。用比色分析法测定大鼠血清、肝匀浆超氧化歧化酶(superoxide dismutase，SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase，GSH—PX)及丙二醛(malondialdehyde，MDA)、谷胱甘肽(glu—tathione，GSH)的含量。结果 珍珠梅乙酸乙酯提取物能显著升高DEN致癌初期大鼠血清、肝匀浆SOD、GSH—PX的活性，升高GSH及降低MDA的含量。结论 珍珠梅乙酸乙酯提取物对DEN致癌前病变大鼠的抗氧化活力有升高作用。     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征模型大鼠心肌氧化应激的损伤及复氧后的变化

通过复制阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（OSAHS）的间歇缺氧（IH）大鼠模型,观察IH对大鼠心肌氧化应激的损伤及其复氧后的变化情况。方法40 只SD 大鼠随机分为4 组,对照组（A 组）10 只,复制30只阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征的间歇缺氧大鼠模型,其中10 只缺氧组（B 组）,10 只缺氧后复氧组（C 组）,另外10 只持续缺氧组（D 组）。检测各组大鼠血清中丙二醛（MDA）含量和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性,以及心肌组织中还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）活性。结果与对照组大鼠比较,IH模型大鼠MDA 含量增高,SOD活性降低,心肌组织GSH 活性降低,差异具有统计学意义（ p<0.05）;复氧组大鼠MDA、SOD 和心肌组织GSH活性恢复正常,差异无统计学意义（ p>0.05）;而D 组大鼠MDA 含量增高,SOD 活性降低,心肌组织GSH 活性降低,差异具有统计学意义（p <0.05）。结论OSAHS 存在氧化应激,严重损伤心肌组织,缺氧时MDA 含量、SOD 和GSH 活性改变,复氧后有所恢复。血清MDA含量、SOD 活性及心肌组织GSH活性可以反应氧化应激的严重程度。     

人参皂苷Rg1和白藜芦醇配伍对心肌缺血再灌注损伤保护作用

目的:观察人参皂苷Rg1和白藜芦醇配伍预处理对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的影响。方法:75只大鼠分为假手术组、缺血再灌注损伤组(模型组)、人参皂苷加白藜芦醇组(配伍组)、人参皂苷组和白藜芦醇组,每组15只,药物治疗组给予人参皂苷Rg1和白藜芦醇等预处理,制备心肌缺血再灌注损伤模型,观察大鼠血清中IL-17与CK的水平,心肌组织中Bcl-2、Bax的表达水平,ATP、NO、丙二醛(MDA)含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)、内皮型一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)活性的变化。结果:与假手术组比较,模型组血清IL-17与CK的水平明显升高;心肌组织Bcl-2表达水平降低、Bax表达水平升高,ATP、NO含量降低;MDA含量升高,SOD活性降低,iNOS活性升高,eNOS活性降低。与模型组比较,人参皂苷加白藜芦醇组大鼠血清IL-17与CK的水平降低;心肌组织Bcl-2表达水平升高、Bax表达水平降低,ATP、NO含量升高;MDA含量降低,SOD活性升高,iNOS活性降低,eNOS活性升高。结论:人参皂苷Rg1与白藜芦醇配伍可能通过抑制心肌细胞凋亡,降低细胞内游离Ca2+浓度,增加自由基清除能力,减低内皮功能及炎症损伤程度等机制对缺血心肌产生一定的保护作用。     

金香丹对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的防护作用

目的 :观察金香丹对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的影响。方法 :采用结扎左冠状动脉前降支 30min后再灌注 6 0min的方法 ,建立在体大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤模型。实验共设五组 :假手术组、模型组、地奥心血康组、金香丹大剂量组、金香丹小剂量。测定心肌组织丙二醛 (MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)活性、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GSH Px)活性 ;血清肌酸激酶 (CK)及乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH)活性水平。结果 :模型组MDA、CK及LDH显著增高 ;而SOD及GSH Px则显著降低 (与假手术组比较 ,P <0 .0 1)。金香丹组不同程度地降低MDA含量 ,提高SOD和GSH Px活性 ,降低血清CK和LDH水平。结论 :金香丹对缺血再灌注心肌有保护作用     

甘草苷对大鼠动脉粥样硬化的作用及机制

目的：探讨甘草苷对大鼠动脉粥样硬化（ AS ）的治疗作用及其抗炎和抗氧化活性。方法采用高脂饲料喂养法制备大鼠 AS 模型;通过大鼠主动脉胆固醇含量以及血脂水平评价甘草苷疗效;以 AS 大鼠血清肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF －α）、白细胞介素－1（IL －1）、丙二醛（MDA）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）水平评价甘草苷的抗炎和抗氧化活性,采用酶联免疫分析法检测细胞因子含量。结果与正常大鼠相比,AS 大鼠体内主动脉胆固醇含量明显升高,血脂代谢紊乱,血清 TNF －α、IL －1和 MDA 水平异常升高,而 SOD 水平则明显下降。连续8周灌胃给药甘草苷,能显著降低 AS 大鼠主动脉胆固醇含量和调节血脂代谢,但作用弱于辛伐他汀;进一步研究发现甘草苷灌胃给药能明显降低 AS 大鼠血清 TNF －α、IL －1和 MDA 水平,同时提高 SOD 水平。结论甘草苷对大鼠 AS 具有治疗作用,其作用机制可能是通过抑制炎症和氧化应激反应。     

卡维地洛对心肌梗死后心力衰竭大鼠的心肌保护和抗心肌纤维化作用及其机制

摘 要］ 目的：观察卡维地洛对心肌梗死后心力衰竭大鼠心肌纤维化的影响,探讨卡维地洛心肌保护作用机制。方法： Wistar大鼠麻醉后结扎左冠状动脉前降支,术后6周成功建立心力衰竭模型。将32只心力衰竭大鼠随机分为假手术组（n=8）、模型组（n=8）、模型+小剂量卡维地洛组（n=8）和模型+大剂量卡维地洛组（n=8）,模型+小剂量卡维地洛组大鼠给予1 mg/kg/d卡维地洛,模型+大剂量卡维地洛组大鼠给予10 mg/kg/d卡维地洛,假手术组和模型组大鼠给予0.5%羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC-Na）10 mL/kg/d,连续给药5周,每日1次。采用硫代巴比妥酸法测定血清中丙二醛（MDA）浓度,采用黄嘌呤氧化酶法测定总血清中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性,采用ELISA法测定血清中脑钠肽（BNP）水平,光镜观察Masson染色下各组大鼠心肌纤维化程度。结果：与假手术组比较,其他3组大鼠血清BNP水平、MDA浓度升高(P<0.05),SOD活性降低;与模型组比较,模型+小剂量卡维地洛组和模型+大剂量卡维地洛组大鼠血清中BNP水平明显降低 (P<0.01),血清中MDA浓度显著降低(P<0.01),SOD活性显著升高(P<0.01),且心肌纤维化程度减轻;与模型+小剂量卡维地洛组比较,模型+大剂量卡维地洛组大鼠血清BNP水平降低(P<0.05),MDA浓度降低(P<0.05),SOD活性升高(P<0.05),心肌纤维化程度减轻。结论： 不同剂量卡维地洛均有保护心肌、减轻心肌纤维化程度的作用,其机制可能与减少心肌梗死后心力衰竭大鼠血清中MDA浓度、增加SOD活性有关。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.