条码技术在我院信息系统中的应用

目的：规范管理流程,同时减少误差和提高工作效率。方法：条码技术与医院现有HIS、LIS紧密结合。结果：在医院相关系统中结合条码打印机和扫描设备,取得了良好的效果。结论：条码技术在某院信息系统中的应用提高了HIS、LIS在医疗工作中的运行效率,使患者就诊过程更加便捷。     

实验室仪器双向通讯中条码技术的应用研究

目的：探索实验室仪器双向通讯和LIS系统通讯中条码技术的应用。方法：通过分析实验室仪器通讯的协议结构、数据包,了解通讯协议及双向通讯技术,同时将条码技术在实际操作中应用。结论：实验室仪器双向通讯和条码技术的应用提高了LIS系统的工作效率和检验质量。     

LIS的建立与使用效果评估

目的建立一套适合医院自身需要的实验室信息管理系统(LIS),实现检验标本全程条码化管理。方法结合医院实际确定LIS功能模块,将检验申请、采样、签收、计费、检验、审核、报告发放、质控、查询、耗材控制等工作流程整合一体,并与医院信息系统(HIS)及门诊"一卡通"就诊系统进行无缝连接。结果 LIS建立后,优化了传统检验工作流程,降低了差错率,提高了检验结果的准确性、报告的及时性、查询的方便性。结论 LIS的建立推动了医院数字化建设进程。     

罗氏Cobas6000全自动电化学发光免疫分析仪条码双工的设置与应用

在实现医院信息管理系统(HIS)和实验室信息管理系统(LIS)无缝衔接和条码技术应用的基层医院,通过正确设置备有条码扫描识读功能的双向通信自动化检测仪器(Cobas6000全自动电化学发光免疫分析仪)的通信参数和LIS通信参数,应用条码双工模式实现实验室局部的全自动化,为实验室逐步实现全自动化打造硬件、软件基础,并积累应用经验.     

条形码在门诊HIS中的应用

目的：为了减少医务人员的工作量,缩短患者等待时间,提高数据录入质量和医院整体服务水平,引入条形码技术应用于医院信息领域。方法：利用人工打印条码和预制条码相结合的方法,生成ID条码签和检验条码签．作为患者就诊的唯一标识,贯穿患者就诊的整个过程。结果：形成条形码管理系统,并能与LIS及HIS一体化工作。结论：条形码技术应用于门诊HIS,简化了工作流程,提高了挂号室、收费室、抽血室、检验科等部门的工作效率．提高医疗服务质量：     

高值医用耗材产品条码可追溯性调查分析

产品条码二重性的管理内涵确立了其可追溯性研究价值。为从实践层面了解条码可追溯性对医院管理的意义,本文对288个品种条码唯一性和可识别性进行调查分析。结果表明,产品条码信息存在不确定性并影响医院管理行为,原因在于管理的适用标准差异和行为规范缺失。最后提出具体对策和建议。     

全院性检验标本条码管理系统的流程设计

目的：为克服传统方法难以对检验过程分析前的标本质量进行监控的弊端．设计出全院性检验标本条码化管理系统的流程。方法：根据实验室信息系统与医院HIS系统联网运行情况设计全院性检验标本条码管理流程图及软件。结果：实现了医师申请检验、护士采集标本、卫勤人员传送标本、检验人员扫描条码接收标本、自动测定以及报告结果等各环节的信息流和标本物流之间的有机结合。结论：本流程的实现能加强检验标本分析前的质量控制，提高检验结果的可靠性，缩短检验报告的反馈时间。     

胎盘条码化管理在手术室中的应用

探讨条形码技术在手术室胎盘管理中的流程设计及应用。分析传统的手术室胎盘管理流程,参考我院成熟的病理标本条码管理技术,在2013年10月1日至2014年2月1日,引用条码化技术优化胎盘管理流程,对840例胎盘进行有序管理,完成从胎盘标签打印、传送、交接、特殊情况反馈等流程设计开发和应用,进一步提高了手术室胎盘管理的安全性。     

预条码管理在实验室信息系统中的应用

目的在实验室信息系统中用预条码技术来管理标本流程,以提高工作效率,减少差错。方法利用实验室信息系统将检验仪器联网,标本全部条码化。结果实验室信息系统应用预条码管理后,检验流程实现无纸化,充分发挥了检验仪器的自动控制功能。结论条码化的实验室信息系统使工作流程明显优化,加快了医院数字化建设。     

运用条码技术加强医院耗材管理

本文主要从技术的角度与层面分析了医院耗材管理使用条码技术的特点和优势,从出入库管理、自动补货管理、盘点管理、一物一码管理等8个方面分别阐述了耗材条码化管理的简便性和实用性,同时提出医院只有建立科学的医疗耗材管理体系,通过加强内部流通环节的控制,特别是加强采购和仓储管理,才能有效避免医疗耗材的遗失和乱收费现象,这将对医院管理水平的提高起到积极的促进作用.     

Calcium intake in the elderly: validation of a dietary questionnaire

Epidemiological studies of calcium and osteoporosis have been hampered by the lack of a suitable tool for assessing calcium intake. This report describes a new frequency and amount questionnaire for measuring present and past calcium intake in the elderly. The validity of the questionnaire was tested against two commonly used standards of dietary assessment, five-day duplicate diets and seven-day weighed dietary inventories. The resulting correlation coefficients were, respectively, r = 0.76 and r = 0.69, while that for repeatability was r = 0.84. Furthermore, the questionnaire categorized subjects into thirds of the distribution of intake with almost no gross misclassification. It is suggested that the present findings may be extended to the majority of normal, healthy elderly subjects, implying wide application for the questionnaire in the assessment of calcium intake in the elderly.     

The human drama of genetics: 'hard' and 'soft' media representations of inherited breast cancer

This paper examines media coverage of 'breast cancer genetics', and explores its implications for public understanding. We present a content analysis of coverage in British newspapers and look at a variety of popular forms, including women's magazines, television soap opera and radio drama. Genetic/inherited risk receives a great deal of coverage across a wide range of media formats and outlets. Much of this attention has focused on individuals from 'high risk families' and dilemmas around prophylactic mastectomies. Through examining media coverage, combined with interviews with media personnel and their sources, we show why this story proved so attractive to the media and highlight the different production values which influence coverage. Finally, we introduce preliminary findings from focus group discussions to demonstrate how such 'human interest' framing has engaged audience attention and influenced public understandings. The paper concludes by highlighting the implications for analysing, predicting, and engaging with, media representations of science.     

Self-reported health problems among Swedish miners one year after unemployment

Unemployment is considered to be a public health concern sincedeterioration in the health of the unemployed is often anticipated.However, for some groups, such as miners, unemployment mightimprove health due to a cessation of potentially harmful occupationalexposures. This study evaluates the health of 79 miners in oneSwedish iron-ore mine, and 226 age-matched controls from thegeneral population, during one year after the closure of themine. The participants received a questionnaire regarding medicalhistory and subjective symptoms at the beginning of the studyperiod, and after one year. Statistically significant negativeeffects on self-reported health attributable to unemploymentwere not found, although neuropsychiatric symptoms were morecommon among the unemployed miners. The miners reported a statisticallysignificant improvement in grip force (p=0.031). They had asignificantly higher prevalence of symptoms associated withmining related exposures when compared with the population controls;pain in the upper extremities [relative risk (RR)=2.27, 95%confidence interval (Cl)=1.44–3.59), back pain (RR=1.84;Cl=1.237–2.75), vasospastic disease of the fingers (RR=2.05;Cl=1.18–3.57) and obstructive respiratory symptoms (attacksof dyspnea and wheezing: RR=3.67; Cl=1.167–11.6).     

Excès de cas humains et animaux de tularémie en France au cours de l’hiver 2007–2008 : émergence ou phénomène isolé ?

Context

Tularemia is a zoonosis affecting humans and hares in France. We describe the results of surveillance in both species, in 2007 and 2008.

Methods

Human tularemia cases are mandatorily notifiable in France since 2003. In hares, surveillance relies on volunteer hunter associations in all districts of the country. Data from mandatory reports and volunteer surveillance in 2007/2008 were analyzed and compared with previous results.

Results

In 2007/2008, 144 cases were reported in humans and 117 cases in hares. This was a 100% increase compared to previous years. Human cases differed from those of previous years only by the frequency of contact with breeding animals. Human cases without any documented risk exposure were also more frequent.

Conclusion

An increase of tularemia cases occurred in 2007/2008 in both species. Complementary studies are needed to identify the species reservoir in France to understand the causes of this peak of cases.     

深圳公立医院管理体制改革制度设计

深圳公立医院管理体制改革实行政事分开、管办分开,在理事会架构下按法定机构模式组建市医管中心,落实公立医院运营管理自主权.作者从当前公立医院管理体制的弊端入手,介绍了深圳市进行公立医院管理体制改革的基本思路及改革方案设计的主要举措,深入剖析了的改革方案的特点,并对改革效果进行了预测.     

Effects of nitrogen dioxide on red blood cells of rats: Changes in components of red cell membranes during in vivo exposure to NO2

Red cell membranes, prepared from red blood cells of rats exposed to 4, 10, or 20 ppm nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) for 1 to 10 days, were examined for evidence of changes in membrane components. Appreciable changes were not found in contents of phospholipid and cholesterol during exposure to 10 ppm NO₂. By contrast, protein content altered with the time of exposure. Moreover, changes in protein composition were observed by employing sodium dodecyl sulfate — polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Twenty-four-hour exposure to NO₂ at the concentration above 10 ppm resulted in a marked increase in the percentage of lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LysoPE) to the total phospholipids. The prolonged exposure to 10 ppm NO₂ gave rise to a further increase in LysoPE, whereas the percentage of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) showed a gradual decrease. A 1-day exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂ also caused an increase in sialic acid content and decreases in those of PE and hexose. In addition to contents of these components the percentage of LysoPE increased 5 days after exposure and the elevated values were maintained up to the end of exposure period. These results demonstrate that red blood cells in circulation exhibit different membrane properties in terms of lipid and carbohydrate composition during 10 days of exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂.     

Occupational health hazards in mining: an overview

This review article outlines the physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and psychosocial occupational health hazards of mining and associated metallurgical processes. Mining remains an important industrial sector in many parts of the world and although substantial progress has been made in the control of occupational health hazards, there remains room for further risk reduction. This applies particularly to traumatic injury hazards, ergonomic hazards and noise. Vigilance is also required to ensure exposures to coal dust and crystalline silica remain effectively controlled.     

Manufacture and use of nanomaterials: current status in the UK and global trends

This paper provides an overview of the production and use of nanomaterials (NMs), particularly in the UK. Currently, relatively few companies in the UK are identifiable as NM manufacturers, the main emphasis being the bulk markets in metals and metal oxides, and some niche markets such as carbon nanotubes and quantum dots. NM manufacturing in the UK does not reflect the global emphasis on fullerenes, nanotubes and fibres. Some assumptions have been made about the types of NM that are likely to be imported into the UK, which currently include fullerenes, modified fullerenes and other carbon-based NMs including nanotubes. Many university departments, spin-offs and private companies have developed processes for the manufacture of NMs but may only be producing small quantities for research and development (R&D) purposes. However, some have the potential to scale up to produce large quantities. The nanotechnology industry in the UK has strong R&D backup from universities and related institutions. This review has covered R&D trends at such institutions, and appropriate information has been added to a searchable database. While several companies are including NMs in their products, only a few (e.g. manufacturers of paints, coatings, cosmetics, catalysts, polymer composites) are using nanoparticles (NPs) in any significant quantities. However, this situation is likely to change rapidly. There is a need to collect more information about exposure to NPs in both manufacturing and user scenarios. As the market grows, and as manufacturers switch from the micro- to the nanoscale, the potential for exposure will increase. More research is required to quantify any risks to workers and consumers.     

The risk of heat exhaustion at a deep underground metalliferous mine in relation to surface temperatures

The risk of heat exhaustion at a deep underground metalliferous mine was assessed in relation to thermal conditions prevailing on the surface. For each day of a 1-year prospective case series of heat exhaustion, surface 24-h mean wet and dry bulb temperatures were recorded. From this data, 24-h mean wet bulb globe temperatures were derived using certain assumptions. The three surface temperature variables were significantly higher on those days on which heat exhaustion occurred, compared to those days on which it did not occur (P < 0.001). The relative risk of heat exhaustion on days when the 24-h mean wet bulb globe temperature was in the range 26.0-28.0 degrees C was 4.82 (95% confidence interval 2.12-10.96). Surface temperature data could be used at this mine to warn miners about the risk of heat exhaustion.