显微血管减压术治疗原发性三叉神经痛

目的：探讨原发性三叉神经痛显微外科手术方法和效果。方法：应用三叉神经根显微血管减压术治疗原发性三叉神经痛36例，探讨手术技巧及效果。结果：三叉神经根显微血管减压术治疗原发性三叉神经痛创伤小，手术疗效满意。结论：三叉神经根显微血管减压术是治疗原发性三叉神经痛的较好手术方案。     

微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛疗效观察

目的：探讨微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛的适应症，手术方法，疗效，方法：枕下入路手术治疗三叉神经痛92例，其中77例发现有血管压迫，行微血管减压术，结果：77例中，68例术后疼痛立即消失，3例疼痛减轻，6例无效，40例随访68个月－5a，疼痛复发7例。结论：三叉神经微血管减压术有较肯定疗效，可保留三叉神经功能，但需开颅，有一定风险，有一定的复发率。     

原发性三叉神经痛微血管减压术的护理体会

原发性三叉神经痛的常见病因是由于三叉神经后根被异常血管压迫,临床上在解除血管压迫后,疼痛常得到缓解,因此,目前微血管减压术(MVD)已成为原发性三叉神经痛手术治疗的首选方法。我院于1998年10月至2002年6月,采用MVD治疗原发性三叉神经痛45例,取得满意疗效,现就该手术的护理体会报告如下。     

显微血管减压术治疗原发性三叉神经痛的护理

原发性三叉神经痛是较为常见的神经性疼痛疾患,大多数原发性三叉神经痛患者在小脑桥脑角处的三叉神经后根,受到异位血管的压迫,而解除异常压迫后,疼痛得到缓解或解除[1].目前显微血管减压(MVD)已成为治疗三叉神经痛首选的手术方法.我院于1997年1月～1999年3月,采用MVD治疗三叉神经痛15例,取得满意的效果,现就有关术前、术后的护理要点报告如下.     

原发性三叉神经痛的显微外科治疗

目的 :探讨原发性三叉神经痛的显微外科治疗及其疗效。方法 :根据术中探查有无明确的血管压迫三叉神经 ,分别采用显微血管减压术或感觉根部分切断术。 132例病人中 95例行血管减压术 ;37例行感觉根切断术。结果 :无手术死亡病例。随访 6个月 15年 ,治愈或好转 130例 ,有效率为     

微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛29例分析

目的探讨微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛的临床效果及注意事项。方法对29例三叉神经痛患者术前行CT、MRI检查排除继发性三叉神经痛,行经乳突后入路微血管减压术,术中找到压迫神经的责任血管,并充分游离神经。结果 28例第2天疼痛完全消失,1例术后1 a疼痛消失。结论微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛是有效的,显微器械和手术技巧能提高疗效和减少并发症。     

原发性三叉神经痛的微血管减压术治疗

目的评价微血管减压术治疗原发性二叉神经痛的效果。方法运用三叉神经微血管减压术探查三叉神经并分离责任血管，在微血管与三叉神经间垫人Teflon涤纶绵。结果20例患者术后疼痛完全缓解19例，仅1例仍有轻微疼痛，无永久性并发症。结论三叉神经微血管减压术是三叉神经痛的一种病因性治疗，疗效确切，三叉神经功能可以得到保护，是首选治疗方法。     

继发性三叉神经痛诊疗策略

目的探讨继发性三叉神经痛的诊断及治疗策略。 方法回顾使分析北京大学人民医院神经外科2017年1月至2022年3月临床收治的继发性三叉神经痛患者，共34例，并参考相关文献。 结果34例继发性三叉神经痛病例均由占位性病变引起，所有患者均接受手术治疗，31例肿瘤完全切除，3例部分切除，其中10例术中发现血管压迫三叉神经，行三叉神经微血管减压术。术后33例患者的疼痛症状消失，1例患者明显减轻。 结论相应CPA区占位性病变是继发性三叉神经痛的首要病因，原发性因素可同时存在，头颅CT及MRI检查必不可少，手术是治疗继发性三叉神经痛的首选治疗手段。术中切除肿瘤后，应注意是否存在血管压迫神经情况，做到三叉神经充分减压。     

三叉神经痛显微血管减压术20例临床分析

三叉神经痛显微血管减压术是原发性三叉神经痛首选的手术方法,疗效可靠,可保留三叉神经功能,是目前治疗原发性三叉神经痛的最好方法。现将1998年2月～1999年12月20例三叉神经痛显微血管减压术的临床资料分析如下。     

“悬吊法”显微血管减压手术治疗三叉神经痛

目的:研究“悬吊法”显微血管减压手术治疗三叉神经痛的临床效果和安全性.方法:2000年12月到2010年6月,776例三叉神经痛患者接受了显微血管减压手术,均采用幕下小脑上入路.其中,14例患者责任血管迂曲,采用悬吊法显微血管减压手术,用福爱乐医用胶(FAL)把责任血管粘到小脑幕上.通过电话随访手术效果和并发症.结果:术后14例患者疼痛消失,手术并发症为暂时性并发症,包括疱疹病毒感染、头痛和耳鸣.本组患者随访时间12 ～ 126月,随访期间无复发病例.结论:在责任血管袢迂曲变长,难以常规减压的情况下,“悬吊法”显微血管减压手术治疗三叉神经痛是一种安全有效的治疗方法.     

Ergebnisse der mikrochirurgischen vaskulären Dekompression bei der Trigeminusneuralgie

INTRODUCTION: From 1 August 1983 to 6 June 1992, 284 patients underwent decompression of the trigeminal root in the rear part of the skull as treatment for tic douloureux. According to preoperative diagnosis and intraoperative inspection, a space-occupying process was the cause of the typical neuralgia in 13 cases (4 meningiomas, 3 epidermoid tumours, 3 acoustic neuromas and 2 trigeminal neuromas). In 271 cases (95.4%) microsurgical vascular decompression according to Jannetta was carried out. METHODS: The majority of patients were between 45 and 75 years of age. The follow-up period ranged from 10 months to 9.3 years (average 59.45 months). The results of the long-term investigations are based on standardized questionnaires completed by 202 patients. Of the total of 271 patients operated upon by Jannetta's technique, 261 (96.3%) were free of pain immediately after the operation. The main causes of failure were misdiagnosis (myoarthropathy, cluster headache) and incorrect indications (encephalomyelitis disseminata, trigeminal neuropathy following peripheral lesion). In 3 cases vascular displacement and complete decompression of the trigeminal root were impossible because the basilaris was exceptionally long. RESULTS: In the long term, 87.6% of the patients operated on remained free of pain or improved sufficiently to require no further carbamazepine medication. Relapses developed in 7.4% of cases, and except for operative revision and rhizolysis of the trigeminal root in a case of relapsed trigeminal neuralgia, thermo-controlled high-frequency lesion of the gasserian ganglion was carried out in a second operation. The complications of the Jannetta operation were hypoacusis and anacusis (4%), hyposmia (1%), dizziness (3.5%) and chronic subdural haematoma (1 case). Neither postoperative bacterial meningitis nor any lethality was recorded. In 94.5% of cases the patients expressed positive opinions of the operation and its results, while 4% regretted having the operation and 1.5% were undecided. The question as to whether the operation had significantly improved the quality of life was answered in the affirmative by 88.4% of the patients. DISCUSSION: In summary, the long-term results confirm that microsurgical vascular decompression can be offered as the method of choice for treatment of trigeminal neuralgia in younger patients, and in older patients when cardiopulmonary risk factors and cerebrovascular processes can be eliminated. Alternative methods are high-frequency lesionsing of the gasserian ganglion according to Sweet and chemorhizolysis of the gasserian ganglion, but these must be restricted exclusively to the treatment of typical trigeminal neuralgia with tic douloureux. Persistent neuropathic pain caused by atraumatic or drug-induced lesion to the trigeminal nerve cannot be positively influenced either by surgical decompression or by destructive operations on the gasserian ganglion.     

微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛的疗效及其并发症的预防与处理

目的探讨微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛的疗效及其并发症的预防与处理策略。方法采用微血管减压术治疗93例三叉神经痛患者,对其临床疗效及术后并发症等临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 93例中89例术后疼痛症状消失,有效率为95.70%。术后并发症的发生情况：皮下积液4例,脑脊液漏1例,听力下降3例,耳鸣3例,面神经功能障碍4例,手术无效4例,死亡1例。结论微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛是一种十分成熟的技术,规范手术的各种操作和积极应用监测技术能够尽量避免各种并发症的发生,显著提高手术的安全性。     

微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛的护理

[目的]总结微血管减压术治疗三叉神经痛的护理措施.[方法]回顾性地分析20例三叉神经痛行微血管减压术病人的临床资料.[结果]本组病人术后疼痛均消失,1例术后第8天出现口角歪斜,经处理后好转出院.[结论]加强三叉神经痛微血管减压术治疗的护理可减少并发症的发生,提高手术成功率.     

三叉神经周围支撕脱术治疗三叉神经痛疗效观察

目的探讨三叉神经周围支撕脱术治疗三叉神经痛的近期疗效。方法对23例确诊为原发性三叉神经痛者,施行神经撕脱术。第一支1例,第二支11例,第三支11例。结果本组23例,22例有效,1例无效。8例在术后10d有一过性跳疼。术后半年至8年复发的6例中,第二支2例,第三支4例,其中3例又再次手术。结论三叉神经痛周围支撕脱术治疗三叉神经痛近期疗效好,远期疗效还待进一步观察。     

DZY-C型三叉神经立体定向仪治疗三叉神经痛的特点

背景经皮三叉神经半月穿刺损毁术是治疗原发性三叉神经痛的方法之一.因其穿刺技术操作上的难度,可导致误伤及一些严重的并发症.DZY-C型三叉神经立体定向仪治疗原发性三叉神经痛具有穿刺准确度高、并发症低等特点,可减少误伤周围血管、神经的机会.目的评价应用DZY-C型三叉神经立体定向仪治疗三叉神经痛的疗效.设计以患者为研究对象,前后对照研究.单位一所市级中医院的脑外科和一所市级医院.对象2001/2003佛山市中医院门诊或住院部就诊的原发性三叉神经痛患者90例,男39例,女51例;年龄21～90岁.干预所有患者按要求在DZY-C型三叉神经立体定向仪的引导下,经皮穿刺三叉神经半月节,注射甘油.疗效根据视觉模拟评分法(visual ana1ogue scale,VAS)在患者治疗前及治疗后30 min对疼痛程度进行评估.主要观察指标疗效评定结果.结果应用DZY-C型三叉神经立体定向仪,对90例原发性三叉神经痛患者进行三叉神经半月节穿刺,均一次穿刺成功,注射甘油后,原三叉神经疼痛消除90例,优良率达100%.结论DZY-C型三叉神经立体定向仪的结构设计合理,手术操作简易,调节灵活,组织损伤少,使用安全,可明显消除三叉神经痛.     

Studies on the operative outcomes and mechanisms of microvascular decompression in treating typical and atypical trigeminal neuralgia

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the operative outcomes and mechanisms of microvascular decompression in treating typical and atypical trigeminal neuralgia. METHODS: A group of 45 patients with typical trigeminal neuralgia and 17 patients with atypical trigeminal neuralgia treated by micro-vascular decompression from 2000 to 2002 were reviewed, including their clinical presentations, operative findings, and outcomes. RESULTS: Of 45 patients with typical trigeminal neuralgia, the mean duration was 3.1 years, and the mean age of pain onset was 60.3 years. Single trigeminal division was involved in 20 patients (44.4%), and 2 or 3 divisions were involved in the other 25 patients (55.6%). During the operation, artery compression was found in 39 patients (86.7%), and the combined artery and venous compression was found in 6 patients (13.3%). Postoperatively, complete pain relief was achieved in 44 patients (97.8%), and significant pain relief was achieved in 1 patient (2.2%). As for 17 patients with atypical trigeminal neuralgia, the mean duration and the mean age of pain onset was 8.7 years and 55.5 years, respectively. Two or 3 trigeminal divisions were involved in all of these patients. During operation, artery compression occurred in 10 patients (58.8%), and the combined artery and venous compression was found in 7 patients (41.2%). Postoperatively, complete pain relief was achieved in 5 patients (29.4%), and partial pain relief was achieved in 10 patients (58.8%), and 2 patients showed no response to microvascular decompression. CONCLUSIONS: The operative outcome of microvascular decompression in patients with typical trigeminal neuralgia was better than that of patients with atypical trigeminal neuralgia, which perhaps related to short duration, late onset of pain, limited distribution, artery compression, and complete operative decompression.     

根性三叉神经痛的病因与显微外科治疗的相关性研究

研究三叉的神经痛的病因与手术选择的关系。方法：对６０例病人借助手术显微镜详细观察三叉神经根部的情况,并确定所适应的手术方式。结果：６０例中,５０例有明确病因,包括血管压迫３０例,蛛网膜粘连１５例,神经根变性３例,神经根脂胆瘤２例。均进行了外科治疗;实施神经根减压术３９例,感觉根切断１１例。长期随访,效果良好。结论：提高治愈率的关键是术中准确判定病因,并依此选择相应的手术。     

Neurosurgical therapy of facial neuralgias

INTRODUCTION: Neuralgias of the face, especially trigeminal neuralgia and glossopharyngeal neuralgia are indications for surgical interventions after failed medical therapy. In contrast to other forms of headache or atypical facial pain, where surgical measures are considered to be contraindicated, percutaneous procedures or microvascular decompression are able to produce immediate and longstanding pain relief. Careful preoperative evaluation is essential to confirm the clinical diagnosis and to rule out other causes as multiple sclerosis or tumors afflicting the cranial nerves. The following study will summarize the common surgical techniques and their role considering a mechanism-based therapy as well as document long-term results of these measures. METHODS: Between 1977 and 1997 316 thermo-controlled radiofrequency trigeminal rhizotomies (TK) and 379 microvascular decompressions (MVD) were performed in our hospital to treat trigeminal neuralgia; additional 6 MVDs for glossopharyngeal neuralgia and one MVD of the intermediate facial nerve were carried out. Questionnaires were sent out to all patients still living in 1981, 1982, 1992 and 1998. For all other patients, interviews with relatives or the general practitioners were conducted. A retrospective analysis of postoperative pain relief was performed using Kaplan-Meier curves at the latest follow-up. Additionally 80 patients underwent careful quantitative sensory testing with Von-Frey-hairs. RESULTS: 225 patients who underwent microvascular decompression and 206 with radiofrequency trigeminal rhizotomies were further analyzed. There was a 50% risk for pain recurrence two years after radiofrequency rhizotomy. On the other hand 64% of patients who underwent microvascular decompression remained painfree 20 years postoperatively. Patients with microvascular decompression without sensory deficit were painfree significantly longer than patients with postoperative hypesthesia. DISCUSSION: Etiology and pathogenesis of facial neuralgias are far from understood despite several hypotheses. Based on current models there is no explanation for the immediate pain relief especially after microvascular decompression. Some authors even discuss surgical trauma as the only cause for postoperative pain relief.