不同转运方式新生儿临床及转归对比分析

目的 探讨不同转运方式新生儿临床及转归情况.方法 对2009年7月至2010年7月转至青岛大学医学院新生儿重症监护室(neonatal intensive care unit,NICU)1027例新生儿行前瞻性分析.按转运方式不同分双程转运、求助医院单程转运和家属单程转运.比较三组患儿入院情况、院前急救措施和出院情况等.计量资料行X2检验、计数资料行方差分析、转归情况行Mann Whitney U检验统计学处理.结果 双程转运、求助医院单程转运和家属单程转运患儿入院年龄中位数是0.46 d,0.33 d,5 d;双程转运和求助医院单程转运的患儿胎龄、出生体质量小于家属单程转运,然而病情危重程度重于家属单程转运,并且住院花费高于家属单程转运,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);除保暖措施,余急救措施各组差异均有统计学意义(x2=96.855～103.863,P<0.05);家属单程转运治愈好转出院百分率最高,各组转归情况差异具有统计学意义(Z=-1.987～-5.347,P<0.05).结论 双程转运和求助医院单程转运新生儿的入院年龄小、出生体质量低、胎龄小、病情重,住院花费高且治愈好转出院百分率低.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and outcome of neonates transferred by different ways. Method A total of 1 027 neonates transferred to neonatal intensive care unit(NICU)of our hospital from July 2009 to July 2010 were analyzed prospectively. They were divided into three groups: twoway transport(TWT),hospital-aided one-way transport(HAT)and self-help one-way transport(SHT).The conditions at admission and discharge and pre-hospital care of the neonates were compared between the groups. The data were statistically analyzed with square tests, variance analysis and Mann Whitney U test. Results The median ages of TWT,HAT, and SHT groups at admission were 0.46 d,0.33 d and 5 d respectively. The TWT and HAT neonates had smaller gestational age and birth weight than SHT ones, had more severe conditions and cost more,and the differences were significant(P<0.05).Significant differences existed in all emergency treatment except in warming measures(x2=96.855～103.863,P<0.05).The cure percentage at discharge was the highest in SHT group,and differences in treatment results of three groups were significant(Z=-1.987 to-5.347,P<0.05).Conclusions The TWT and HAT neonates have smaller gestational age,ages at admission and birth weight than SHT ones,have more severe conditions,cost more and lower cure percentage at discharge than SHT ones.     

急性脑损伤时内脂素和超敏C-反应蛋白的变化

Objective To observe the dynamic changes of high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and visfatin in patients with acute traumatic injury of brain. Method A total of 120 patients with equal number in each gender ( n = 60) and with average age of (43.2 ± 6.2) years were admitted and treated by the neurosurgical department of ICU from August 2009 to June 2010. All patients were eligible to the diagnostic criteria of craniocerebreal injury. The clinical conditions of patients were assessed with Glasgow coma scale (C CS) at admission,and as per the scores of GCS, the patients were classified into mild degree (13- 15, n = 40), moderate degree (9 - 12, n = 40) and severe degree (3 - 8, n = 40). Another 60 subjects from those asking for health care by physical examination as control with equal number in each gender and their average age was (42.2±6.7) years.Blood samples were collected from fasted patients within 12 hours, 1d, 3d, 7d and 15 days after admission, and the levels of hs-CRP and visfatin in peripheral blood were detected. Results The levels of hs-CRP and visfatin were significantly higher in brain injury group than those in control group on the admission day (both P ＜ 0.01 ),and they both had positive relationships with severity of injury. The level of hs-CRP increased to peak on the first day of admission and visfatin increased to the peak on the 3rd day after admission. There was a correlation between levels of hs-CRP and visfatin ( r = 0.63, P ＜ 0.01 ). Conclusions hs-CRP and visfatin levels are related to the severity of acute traumatic injury of brain.     

脂溶性前列地尔维持室间隔完整型大血管转位患儿动脉导管开放的疗效分析

Objective To study the therapeutic effects of prostaglandin E1 on the neonates with transposition of the great vessels with intact ventricular septum (TGV/IVS) retrospectively. Method From January 2004 to June 2009, 34 neonates with TGV/IVS were enrolled in this study. The pulse rate and oxygen saturation (SpO2) of patients were measured percutaneouly at admission. Lipo-prostaglandin E1 (Lipo-PGE1) was administered via peripheral vein with pumping infusion continuously after diagnosis by echocardiography in order to keep the ductus arteriosus (DA) patent. The dose and the time required for the Lipo-PGEl to produce effect were recorded. The changes of SpO2 before and after administration of Lipo-PGE1 were observed. The changes of DA's diameter detected by using echocardiography before and during the operation. Results In all patients the initial dose of Lipo-PGEl was 5 ng/( kg·min) except 3 patients whom larger dosed were required to give guided by the change of SpO2 with 10 ng/(kg·min) in two patients and 15 ng/(kg·min) in one patient. The time required for Lipo-PGE to produce the effect was 5-15 minutes in most infants with mean of (12 ± 3) minutes. The mean SpO2 of the patients measured at admission was (80.05±7.64)%, and it was (86.41±4.83)% two hours before operation (P < 0.05). The average diameter of DA was (0.37±0.08) cm at the time diagnosis and it was (0.51 ±0.15) cm during the operation. The adverse effects occurred in two patients and one of them had apnea and was treated mechanical ventilation. Conclusions Lipo-PGE1 given by continuous pumping infusion via peripheral vein in dose of 5 ng per kilogram per minute can maintainthe DA patency and promote the systemic oxygenation and perfusion, improving the circulation and oxygenation and correcting the acidosis until the plastic surgery performed. Most of the adverse effects of PGE1 are dose related.     

脂溶性前列地尔维持室间隔完整型大血管转位患儿动脉导管开放的疗效分析

Objective To study the therapeutic effects of prostaglandin E1 on the neonates with transposition of the great vessels with intact ventricular septum (TGV/IVS) retrospectively. Method From January 2004 to June 2009, 34 neonates with TGV/IVS were enrolled in this study. The pulse rate and oxygen saturation (SpO2) of patients were measured percutaneouly at admission. Lipo-prostaglandin E1 (Lipo-PGE1) was administered via peripheral vein with pumping infusion continuously after diagnosis by echocardiography in order to keep the ductus arteriosus (DA) patent. The dose and the time required for the Lipo-PGEl to produce effect were recorded. The changes of SpO2 before and after administration of Lipo-PGE1 were observed. The changes of DA's diameter detected by using echocardiography before and during the operation. Results In all patients the initial dose of Lipo-PGEl was 5 ng/( kg·min) except 3 patients whom larger dosed were required to give guided by the change of SpO2 with 10 ng/(kg·min) in two patients and 15 ng/(kg·min) in one patient. The time required for Lipo-PGE to produce the effect was 5-15 minutes in most infants with mean of (12 ± 3) minutes. The mean SpO2 of the patients measured at admission was (80.05±7.64)%, and it was (86.41±4.83)% two hours before operation (P < 0.05). The average diameter of DA was (0.37±0.08) cm at the time diagnosis and it was (0.51 ±0.15) cm during the operation. The adverse effects occurred in two patients and one of them had apnea and was treated mechanical ventilation. Conclusions Lipo-PGE1 given by continuous pumping infusion via peripheral vein in dose of 5 ng per kilogram per minute can maintainthe DA patency and promote the systemic oxygenation and perfusion, improving the circulation and oxygenation and correcting the acidosis until the plastic surgery performed. Most of the adverse effects of PGE1 are dose related.     

神经生长因子早期治疗中重度新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病的疗效

Objective To observe the curative efects of never growth factor (NGF)on neonates with moderate and severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Methods Eighty-six neonates with HIE were randomly divided into NGF treatment group and control group. The control group (42 cases)were received routine treatment (including cerebrolysin and citicoline) ;the treatment group (44 cages)were given NGF on the basis of routine treatment as early as possible (within 6 hours after birth). Brain CT, neonatal behavioral neuro-logical assessment(NBNA) and children' s development center of China(CDCC) at 3 and 6 months after birth were proformed in both groups. Results Brain CT, NBNA and CDCC markers in treatment group were better than those in control group (P＜ 0. 05). There were great diferences between two groups (P＜ 0. 01). Conclusion Using NGF on the basis of the routine treatment as early as possible after resuscitation can reduce markely the severity of asphyxia induced brain damage in neonates. It is very effective using NGF in treating HIE in neonates.     

新生儿疼痛对早期神经行为影响的研究

目的 研究疼痛对新生儿早期神经行为产生的影响.方法 随机选择2009年10月至2010年3月新生儿科住院的65例患儿为研究对象,采用国内鲍秀兰教授修订的新生儿神经行为检查方法(NBNA),于疼痛刺激前后进行检查,检测结果进行统计分析.结果 疼痛刺激前后NBNA总分分别为(36.49±1.73)分和(34.80±1.79)分,差异显著,其中疼痛刺激后,行为能力和主动肌张力的得分下降,差异显著,而被动肌张力、原始反射和一般反应的得分差异不显著.结论 新生儿疼痛对其早期的神经行为能力产生影响,其中主要表现在行为能力和主动肌张力两方面,应该加强新生儿专业医护人员对新生儿疼痛管理和干预的培训,尽量减少疼痛对新生儿的不良影响.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the influences of pain on early neonatal neurobehavioral development Methods 65 newborn infants admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit( NICU )of our hospital from October,2009 to March,2010 were randomly chosen as the objects of this study.In light of Neonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessment( NBNA) revised by Professor Bao Xiulan,examinations were carried out before and after pain stimulation,and a statistical analysis of the results of the examinations was conducted.Results The total scores of NBNA before and after the pain stimulation were (36.49±1.73) vs.(34.80±1.79) respectively,demonstrating a significant difference.Specifically,after the pain stimulation,the scores of behavioral ability and active muscle tension decreased,with a very significant difference.However,there was no significant difference in terms of the scores of passive muscle tone,primitive reflexes and common reactions.Conclusions Neonatal pain exerts influences on early neurobehavioral development,particularly on behavioral ability and active muscle tension.The training of neonatal health care professionals in the management of and the intervention in neonatal pain should be strengthened in order to decrease the adverse effects of pain on neonates.     

体感诱发电位和改良脑出血量表在脑出血患者肢体运动功能预测中的应用

Objective To evaluate the extremity function of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)using short-latency somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) and a modified intracerebral hemorrhage (MICH) scale.Methods On admission, SEP was applied in the examination of 61 patients with ICH. P40 latency and the amplitude of posterior tibial nerve potentials in both the healthy and affected extremities were measured. Abnormalities were classified based on the margin of lower extremity SEP latency and the main waveform changes. MICH was measured simultaneously to prepare a prognosis. The modified Rankin scale (MRS) score was assessed 3 months after the attack as well.Results Compared with the healthy side, there were significant differences in posterior tibial nerve P40 latency and amplitude on the affected side among patients with ICH. P40 latency and MRS scores on the affected side 3 months after the attack were positively correlated. On the unaffected side, P40 amplitude and the MRS score 3 months after the attack were negatively correlated. The MICH score on admission and the MRS score 3 months after the attack were positively correlated. Based on MRS scores (MRS≥4 indicating a poor prognosis), the predictive sensitivities for a poor prognosis of SEP and the MICH scale in patients with ICH were 80.77% and 84.61% respectively, while the specificities were 62.68% and 88.57% respectively, and the accordance rates were 70.5% and 86.9% respectively. Conclusions SEP and the MICH scale are closely correlated with the prognosis for extremity function in patients with ICH.The combination of SEP with the MICH scale might be helpful in predicting the prognosis of the patients with ICH.     

体感诱发电位和改良脑出血量表在脑出血患者肢体运动功能预测中的应用

Objective To evaluate the extremity function of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)using short-latency somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) and a modified intracerebral hemorrhage (MICH) scale.Methods On admission, SEP was applied in the examination of 61 patients with ICH. P40 latency and the amplitude of posterior tibial nerve potentials in both the healthy and affected extremities were measured. Abnormalities were classified based on the margin of lower extremity SEP latency and the main waveform changes. MICH was measured simultaneously to prepare a prognosis. The modified Rankin scale (MRS) score was assessed 3 months after the attack as well.Results Compared with the healthy side, there were significant differences in posterior tibial nerve P40 latency and amplitude on the affected side among patients with ICH. P40 latency and MRS scores on the affected side 3 months after the attack were positively correlated. On the unaffected side, P40 amplitude and the MRS score 3 months after the attack were negatively correlated. The MICH score on admission and the MRS score 3 months after the attack were positively correlated. Based on MRS scores (MRS≥4 indicating a poor prognosis), the predictive sensitivities for a poor prognosis of SEP and the MICH scale in patients with ICH were 80.77% and 84.61% respectively, while the specificities were 62.68% and 88.57% respectively, and the accordance rates were 70.5% and 86.9% respectively. Conclusions SEP and the MICH scale are closely correlated with the prognosis for extremity function in patients with ICH.The combination of SEP with the MICH scale might be helpful in predicting the prognosis of the patients with ICH.     

The application of acellular dermal matrix allograft in functional position of patients with post-burns plastic operation

AIM：To investigate the effect of allogeneic acellular dermal matrix(ADM) on cograft in joint functional positions of patients with post-burn plastic operation.METHODS:9 patients with hypertrophic acar and joint dysfunction after severe burns were used.After pre-treating with trypsin and TritonX-100,13 reticulated ADM were overlapped with autogenous ultrathin split-thickness skin grafts(USTS),and were transplanted to the acar excision wounds in the joints of four limbs at the same time.The neighbouring autogenous thin split-thickness skin grafts(TSTS) were used as control.RESULTS:The composite skin grafts as well as the controls were all survived.The rejection and hypertrophic scars were not found during (1-5) years follow-up studies.The apearance,fiber and function of composite skin grafts were near to normal skins.CONCLUSION;The ADM could be used to joint functional positions of patients with post-burn hypertrophicscare and could produce satisfactory plastic results as dermal substitute.     

Effects of Electroacupuncture Combined with Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on the Expression of Nestin in Neural Stem Cell after Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Adult Rats*

Objective: To investigate the influence of electroacupuncture (EA) combined with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS) on the temporal profile of nestin expression after induction of focal cerebral ischemia in adult rats and to explore the mechanism of EA combined with rTMS in treating ischemic brain injury. Method: The model of transient focal ischemia was produced by occlusion of middle cerebral artery. Seventy-five Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, EA group, rTMS group and EA+rTMS group. The neurologic impairment rating and ability of learning and memory were observed at the 7th、14th and 28th d after infarction respectively. Meanwhile, Western blotting was used to observe the number of nestin expression positive cells. Result: Nestin-positive cells were found in cortex, subgranular zone(SGZ), subventricular zone (SVZ) of the ipsilateral side at different time points after cerebral ischemia. The number of nestin-positive cells peaked at the 7th d, began to decrease at the 14th d and was significantly higher in EA+rTMS group than that in model group(P<0.05), then almost reached normal at the 28th d. The improvement of neural motor function deficits as well as the indexes of learning and memory were more obvious in EA+rTMS group compared with model group(P<0.01, P<0.05). These effects were most obvious in EA+rTMS group compared with the EA and rTMS group(P<0.05). Conclusion: EA and rTMS possess the potency of building up and can increase the number of nestin-positive cells in some brain regions after focal cerebral ischemia, which might be one of the important mechanisms of EA combined with rTMS in treating ischemia brain injury.     

动脉血乳酸在新生儿病情严重程度评估中的应用价值

目的 探讨微量动脉血乳酸水平在新生儿病情严重程度评估中的应用价值.方法 2010年6月至2011年5月东营市人民医院新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)连续收治新生儿150例,动态观察其新生儿危重病例评分(NCIS)及动脉血乳酸水平,对患儿的NCIS、动脉血乳酸水平进行相关性分析,建立线性回归方程.结果 微量动脉血乳酸水平与NCIS呈负相关关系(r=-0.822,P=0.000),线性回归分析显示:动脉血乳酸浓度=11.865-0.106×NCIS,根据动脉血乳酸浓度将新生儿分为非危重组(<2.325 mmol/L)、危重组(2.325～4.445 mmol/L)和极危重组(>4.445 mmol/L),对150例患儿进行分组显示非危重组、危重组和极危重组的死亡率分别为0(0/52)、1.35%(1/74)和29.17%(7/24),死亡率有统计学差异(χ2=20.053,P=0.000).结论 微量动脉血乳酸水平是评估新生儿病情严重程度的一项简易而灵敏的指标,对新生儿危重症的临床观察和治疗有指导意义.     

新生儿感染性疾病心肌酶谱的改变与危重度分级的关系

目的探讨新生儿感染时病情严重程度与心肌酶活性变化的关系。方法将收住NICU患感染性疾病的102例新生儿进行新生儿危重病例评分后分为非危重、危重和极危重3组,于入院后24 h内采集静脉血检测谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、肌酸激酶(CK)活性及肌酸激酶新型同工酶(CKMB)活性,而后进行各组间比较分析。结果危重组、极危重组患儿心肌酶活性较非危重组明显升高且差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论新生儿感染时危重度分级与心肌酶活性的改变密切相关,血清心肌酶对临床判断新生儿感染性疾病的心肌损害及病情严重程度有一定价值。     

血浆Gas6水平预测新生儿急性呼吸窘迫综合征的预后价值

目的探讨血浆生长停滞特异性基因6(Gas6)水平预测新生儿急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)的预后价值。方法选取2016年1月至2019年5月海南省妇女儿童医学中心收治的96例患ARDS的新生儿为研究对象,根据患儿生存情况分为存活组(70例)和死亡组(26例)。采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测新生儿ARDS第1天、第3天血浆Gas6水平,并记录第1天、第3天急性生理与慢性健康状况评分Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ评分)及肺损伤评分(LIS评分)。采用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线)分析第1天、第3天血浆Gas6水平、APACHEⅡ评分及LIS评分预测新生儿ARDS死亡的价值。采用Pearson相关分析新生儿ARDS血浆Gas6水平与APACHEⅡ评分、LIS评分的相关性。结果死亡组第1天、第3天血浆Gas6水平、APACHEⅡ评分及LIS评分均明显高于存活组(P<0.05)。ROC曲线显示,第1天血浆Gas6水平预测新生儿ARDS死亡的曲线下面积(AUC)最大[AUC(95%CI)=0.896(0.837~0.957)],其最佳临界值为14.20 ng/mL,灵敏度和特异度分别为89.7%和84.0%。Pearson相关分析显示,第1天、第3天血浆Gas6水平与APACHEⅡ评分、LIS评分均呈正相关(P<0.01)。结论血浆Gas6水平升高与新生儿ARDS预后不良相关,第1天血浆Gas6水平对新生儿ARDS预后评估有较高的价值。     

EVLWI、sICAM-1和KL-6联合检测在重症肺炎ARDS患者预后评估中的价值

目的:评价血管外肺水指数（EVLWI）、可溶性细胞间黏附分子-1（sICAM-1）和肺上皮细胞膜糖蛋白（KL-6）联合检测在重症肺炎ARDS患者预后评估中的价值。方法:选取2017年10月至2020年2月入住郑州大学附属郑州中心医院RICU的重症肺炎ARDS并行脉搏指示连续心排出量仪（PICCO）监测且存活超过3d的患者65例进行前瞻性研究,检测患者第1、3、5天血管外肺水指数（EVLWI）、血清sICAM-1、KL-6、氧合指数（OI）水平变化,记录APACHEⅡ评分、患者生存事件（天）及生存结局,按28 d预后分为存活组（45例）和死亡组（20例）。行sICAM-1、KL-6、EVLWI和OI相关性分析,采用Logistic回归模型分析重症肺炎ARDS发生死亡的独立危险因素,并绘制受试者工作特征曲线,分析sICAM-1、KL-6、EVLWI及联合指标对重症肺炎ARDS预后评估的价值。结果:入RICU时,死亡组的PCT、EVLWI、sICAM-1、KL-6和APACHEⅡ评分明显高于存活组（ P<0.05）,RICU住院时间明显低于存活组（ P<0.05）,其余基线指标在两组间差异均无统计学意义（ P>0.05）。治疗第1天、3天、5天时,死亡组的EVLWI、sICAM-1、KL-6、降钙素原和APACHEⅡ评分均高于存活组（ P<0.05）,而OI在治疗第3 d和5 d时明显低于存活组（ P<0.05）。Logistic回归分析显示EVLWI、sICAM-1和KL-6与重症肺炎ARDS死亡密切相关（ P<0.05）。入住RICU治疗1 d、3 d和5 d时的sICAM-1、KL-6、EVLWI与OI均呈负显著相关（ P<0.01）,sICAM-1、KL-6水平与EVLWI均呈正显著相关（ P<0.01）。入住RICU第1天、3天和5天时,sICAM-1、KL-6水平和EVLWI三指标联合预后评估的敏感度和特异度分别为75.0%、84.4%;85.0%、66.7%和80.0%、86.7%。AUC分别为0.864、0.881、0.892（ P<0.001）。比同期单个指标有更好的预后评估价值。 结论:EVLWI、sICAM-1和KL-6分别是重症肺炎ARDS患者预后的独立危险因素,联合检测可早期对患者进行预后评估（28 d病死率）。     

Sickness scoring and response to treatment as predictors of outcome from critical illness

A physiological sickness scoring system (SS), based on the APACHE II score, has been used to assess outcome from critical illness in 128 patients admitted to a general intensive care unit. Physiological data were collected on each patient from admission until death or discharge from the unit, and survival was recorded as survival to home. The admission SS correctly classified 80.6% of survivors, and 70.4% of non-survivors. Predictive power did not improve with time using the daily SS. However, when the proporxonal change in SS over time was included in the analysis, predictive power improved; and at day 4, 87.1% of survivors and 75% of non-survivors were correctly classified. At intermediate levels of sickness severity (admission score of 13–18), a reduction in SS of 30% by day 4 reduced the risk of death by 32%; at higher levels (>18) a similar reduction in SS was associated with a 47% reduction in death-risk. Failure to obtain a reduction in score by day 4 was associated with increased risk of death. Survivors consistently showed a greater fall in SS by day 4 than non-survivors. The APACHE score and its modifications provide an accurate, unitary measure of physiological disturbance. Correction of abnormal physiology, and the measurement of responsiveness to therapy are important components in the prediction of outcome from critical illness.     

机械通气近足月儿血清皮质醇水平的变化

目的 通过监测不同日龄近足月儿血清皮质醇水平,观察机械通气时近足月儿下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴(HPAhypothalamus- putit uary-adrenal)分泌皮质醇水平的变化,探讨其变化规律.方法 研究对象为入院时日龄在生后72 h内,胎龄34～36周(239～259 d)的住院近足月儿63例,其中机械通气组患儿33例,对照组30例.对照组为胎龄≥34周无需机械通气,新生儿危重症评分大于90分的近足月儿.全部患儿分别在入院时、日龄7d、14d时采血检测血清皮质醇水平.结果 (1)机械通气组患儿血清皮质醇浓度随日龄增大呈逐渐上升趋势,而对照组血清皮质醇浓度呈逐渐下降趋势；(2)日龄14d时机械通气组患儿血清皮质醇浓度显著高于对照组(t=-3.898,P=0.000).结论 机械通气近足月儿HPA轴已具备一定应激的能力,且生后随着日龄增长,发育的成熟,HPA轴能够适当调整及恢复,从而促进血清皮质醇进一步的合成及分泌增加.     

改良早期预警评分在老年急诊中的应用

目的：探讨改良早期预警评分（MEWS）在老年急诊中的应用价值。方法：急诊科留观和抢救室的老年患者216例进行MEWS评分并追踪预后至就诊后四周，对既往急诊收住ICU的老年患者61例进行MEWS评分并行回顾性分析。结果：MEWS评分越高，死亡构成比明显增加。死亡组MEWS评分显著高于存活组（P〈0．01）。未收住ICU的患者的MEWS评分显著低于收住ICU患者评分（P〈0．05）。6h内发生猝死组MEWS评分与6h后死亡组MEWS评分无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。结论：MEWS评分用于老年急诊患者可以判断疾病严重程度，具有识别“潜在危重病”的作用，且简便、实用，便于在急诊中推广。     

应用小儿危重病例评分法预测婴幼儿重症肺炎的预后

目的：应用国内儿科危重病例评分法（PCIS）评价婴幼儿重症肺炎的患儿的病情危重度,预计病死风险率,探讨死亡相关因素。方法：对2005-01-2012-01PICU的480例住院的婴幼儿重症肺炎进行PCIS评分和资料分析。结果：0~70分属极危重病例,共42例,占8.75%;〉70~80分属危重病例,共120例,占25.0%;〉80~100分属非危重病例,共318例,占66.25%;评分值越低病情越重,患儿病死率越高;住院期间共进行4次评分,病情好转,评分上升,高分值病例数的百分比不断增加;并进行器官功能衰竭的评估,其评分越低,发生多器官功能衰竭的病例越多,累及器官数越多。结论：小儿危重病例评分法可准确判断婴幼儿重症肺炎病情轻重,并对动态观察病情,指导治疗,预测预后有非常重要的作用。     

区域性危重新生儿院前网络转运911例分析

【目的】讨论危重新生儿院前网络转运的意义。【方法】建立以本院NICU为网络中心,以本市及周边地区共41家基层医院为成员单位的区域性危重新生儿院前网络转运系统,对转运新生儿倒数、病种分布、预后等临床资料进行分析。【结果】三年来转运911例危重新生儿,转运新生儿逐年增加（P〈0．05）,转运后放弃47例,死亡67例,病死率逐年降低（P〈0．05）。299例转运新生儿进行了转运前新生儿危重病例评分,其中非危重组68例,无死亡,危重组181例,死亡10例,病死率5．52％,极危重组50例,死亡8例,病死率16％。评分病情越重,病死率越高,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01～0．05）。【结论】建立完善的网络转运系统,掌握转运指征和及时转运,对保证危重新生儿转运救治成功率,降低病死率有重要意义。     

信息支持对乳腺癌根治术患者疾病不确定感的影响

目的:探讨信息支持对乳腺癌根治术患者围手术期疾病不确定感的影响.方法:为类实验性研究,采用便利抽样方法抽取乳腺癌根治术患者共60例.前30例患者为对照组,后30例患者为实验组.采用疾病不确定感量表(MUIS)对60例患者于入院时、手术前、出院前进行疾病不确定感调查.实验组患者接受实验者提供的与疾病和康复相关的信息支持.对照组只接受病房护士提供的健康指导.结果:实验组在手术前以及出院时的疾病不确定感均比入院时明显下降(P< 0.05);与入院时相比,实验组在手术前和出院时的疾病不确定感的下降幅度远超过对照组的疾病不确定感的下降幅度(P<0.05).结论:对围手术期乳腺癌患者提供系统性的信息支持,能显著降低患者的疾病不确定感.