腹腔镜切除急性胆囊炎32例报告

目的:总结腹腔镜下切除急性胆囊炎的临床经验。方法:行腹腔镜胆囊切除术125例,其中急性胆囊炎32例。结果:腹腔镜下5例逆行切除,27例顺行切除,全部放置引流,无1例中转手术,术后住院4～5d出院,结论:腹腔镜胆囊切除术对急性胆囊炎患者不仅是一种可选择的术式,而且应是首先考虑的术式。     

急性胆囊炎腹腔镜胆囊摘除术的临床体会

目的:探讨急性胆囊炎行腹腔镜胆囊切除(LC)的相关问题.方法:应用腹腔镜对22例急性胆囊灵行胆囊切除术.结果:22例中有2例中转开腹,LC成功率90.9%,中转开腹率9.1%,无严重并发症发生,痊愈出院,疗效满意.结论:急性胆囊炎在急性炎症期行腹腔镜切除术,是可行的,安全的.     

腹腔镜手术治疗老年急性坏疽性胆囊炎

目的 总结应用腹腔镜技术治疗老年急性坏疽性胆囊炎的临床效果和手术经验.方法 回顾性分析2008年1月至2012年11月应用腹腔镜技术治疗老年急性坏疽性胆囊炎15例的临床资料.结果 行腹腔镜胆囊切除术10例,胆囊部分切除术5例.手术均获得成功,无中转开腹,无严重心肺并发症发生.术后胆漏1例,7d后出院.结论 根据术中情况,胆囊减压,应用超声刀顺逆结合切除或大部分切除胆囊是安全的,腹腔镜手术是治疗老年急性坏疽性胆囊炎有效的方法.     

腹腔镜急性胆囊炎手术的时机与技巧

目的：探讨腹腔镜急性胆囊炎手术的时机与技巧。方法：对180例急性胆囊炎患者行腹腔镜常规法切除胆囊133例,胆囊壶腹部浆肌层内剥离法胆囊大部切除术32例,胆囊床部分黏膜组织残留的胆囊大部切除术22例,两种方法并用18例,中转开腹11例。结果：180例患者均治愈,术后轻度胆漏5例,无胆管损伤、术后出血等并发症。结论：选择合适的手术时机,根据术中不同情况选择合理的手术方法,可明显提高腹腔镜急性胆囊炎胆囊切除的手术成功率。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗急性结石性胆囊炎56例临床分析

目的:探讨急性结石性胆囊炎患者行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的可行性、安全性。方法:回顾分析我院为56例急性结石性胆囊炎患者行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的临床资料。结果:52例成功完成腹腔镜手术,成功率92.9%,4例中转开腹,中转率7.1%,无严重并发症发生,患者均痊愈出院,疗效满意。结论:急性结石性胆囊炎在急性炎症期行腹腔镜胆囊切除术安全可行。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗急性胆囊炎伴胆囊颈部结石158例

目的：报告腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗急性胆囊炎伴胆囊颈部结石的治疗体会。方法：对158例急性胆囊炎伴胆囊颈部结石患者行腹腔镜胆囊切除术,分别采用胆囊顺行切除、逆行切除和顺逆结合切除的方法。结果：158例中156例成功完成手术,2例中转开腹,术后均恢复顺利。结论：腹腔镜胆囊切除术中对不同情况的胆囊颈部结石采用不同的处理方法,可以有效避免术中胆管损伤等严重并发症。     

胆囊炎急性发作期的腹腔镜胆囊切除术

目的 探讨胆囊炎急性发作时，腹腔镜胆囊切除术的可行性及手术技巧。方法 对234例急性胆囊炎腹腔镜胆囊切除术进行回顾性分析。结果 226例行腹腔镜胆囊切除术，8例中转开腹，中转率为3．4％(8／234)。术后恢复良好，均治愈出院。结论 胆囊炎急性发作期腹腔镜胆囊切除是完全可行的。     

高龄急性胆囊炎经腹腔镜胆囊切除术的治疗体会

目的 研究高龄急性胆囊炎经腹腔镜胆囊切除的可行性和相关处理。方法 对65例高龄急性胆囊炎经腹腔镜胆囊切除患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 本组患者经腹腔镜胆囊切除术（LC）治疗后，除3例中转开腹手术外，其余均镜下手术成功，无手术并发症。结论 高龄急性胆囊炎经腹腔镜胆囊切除是可行的，关键在于手术者是否具备熟练的镜下操作技巧、正确的处理方法和手术时机的选择。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗急性结石性胆囊炎

目的:探讨急性结石性胆囊炎行腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC)的术中处理及并发症的防治。方法:回顾分析2004年11月至2009年11月为63例急性结石性胆囊炎患者行LC的临床资料。结果:53例成功行胆囊切除术,3例胆囊大部切除+胆囊粘膜电灼术,7例中转开腹,无死亡、大出血及胆管损伤。结论:急性结石性胆囊炎行LC是安全可行的,提高腹腔镜技术、适时中转开腹是防治并发症发生的关键。     

腹腔镜下顺逆结合切除胆囊预防胆管损伤并发症的价值

目的 :探讨腹腔镜下顺逆结合切除胆囊预防胆管损伤并发症的临床价值。方法 :回顾分析腹腔镜下顺逆结合切除胆囊 1 2 6例的临床资料。 1 2 6例中胆囊结石伴胆囊萎缩 2 9例 ,急性、亚急性胆囊炎 86例 ,胆囊结石伴慢性胆囊炎 8例 ,胆囊息肉 3例。结果 :1例患者并发毛细胆管漏 ,经引流 3d痊愈 ,余患者均顺利恢复 ,无胆管损伤病例 ,无出血、感染及死亡等严重并发症发生。中转开腹 2例 ,1例胆囊结石伴胆囊萎缩 ,1例亚急性胆囊炎。平均手术时间 4 6min ,平均术后住院 4d。结论 :腹腔镜下顺逆结合切除胆囊能提高腹腔镜胆囊切除术的成功率 ,减少了腹腔镜下胆囊切除术胆管损伤并发症的发生 ,特别是在Calot三角解剖不清及变异时。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗急性胆囊炎：附272例报告

目的 目的探讨急性胆囊炎腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)的术式、术中处理,并发症的防治.方法 回顾性分析2003年3月-2007年4月间272例急性胆囊炎患者临床资料,采用腹腔镜完整胆囊切除术260例,胆囊大部切除术加残余胆囊黏膜电灼破坏术12例.结果 无中转开腹者,无死亡、胆道损伤、大出血等严重并发症.结论 急性胆囊炎行腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)是安全、有效的.其出血少、创伤小、恢复快.     

急性坏疽性胆囊炎69例的腹腔镜治疗

目的 探讨腹腔镜治疗急性坏疽性胆囊炎中转开腹的危险因素及影响预后的指标。方法 总结69例急性坏疽性胆囊炎腹腔镜手术的临床资料，包含术前临床指标和预后相关因素。计量资料采用x^-±s表示，行t检验；计数资料行χ^2检验。结果 腹腔镜手术成功完成45例，中转开腹24例；中转开腹的危险因素为年龄（χ^2=2．234，P=0．034）和合并心血管疾病（χ^2=4．983，P=0．027）；早期行腹腔镜手术和术中及时中转开腹的病例预后较好。结论 急性坏疽性胆囊炎应早行腹腔镜探查，若操作困难，应早期及时中转开腹手术；对于高龄和合并有心血管疾病的患者，应行开腹胆囊切除术。     

腹腔镜胆囊大部切除术在急性胆囊炎中的应用(附52例报告)

目的:探讨腹腔镜胆囊大部切除术的适应证、手术时机及临床应用价值。方法:回顾分析2001年5月至2007年1月52例急性胆囊炎患者行腹腔镜胆囊大部切除术的临床资料。结果:手术均获成功,发生切口感染3例(脂肪液化2例,切口边缘坏死1例),胆漏2例。结论:急性胆囊炎病情复杂,手术难度高、风险大。只要严格把握适应证,正确处理胆囊管,术后常规置腹腔引流管,腹腔镜胆囊大部切除术是安全可行的,并有一定的临床应用价值。     

Early laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis: A safe procedure

Acute cholecystitis is increasingly managed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Some reports have shown conversion and complication rates that are increased in comparison to elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. This study reviews the combined experience of two hospitals where the intention was to perform early laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis. A total of 152 cases of laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis (evidence of acute inflammation clinically and pathologically) were identified. Conversion to open cholecystectomy was required in 14 cases (9%) in the total series. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed within 2 days of admission in 76% (115 of 152) of patients. Conversion was significantly less likely in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy within 2 days of admission (4 of 115) compared to those undergoing surgery beyond 2 days (10 of 37; P <0.0001). Eleven patients (7%) had postoperative complications; however, there were no cases of injury to the biliary system and no perioperative deaths. This series shows that laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be performed safely in patients with acute cholecystitis and suggests that early laparoscopic cholecystectomy is preferable to delaying surgery. Although the conversion rate to open surgery is higher than for elective cholecystectomy, the majority of patients (91 %) still derive the well-recognized benefits of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Early laparoscopic cholecystectomy is an acceptable approach to acute cholecystitis for the experienced laparoscopic surgeon.     

Laparoscopic tube cholecystostomy: still useful in the management of complicated acute cholecystitis

The preferred treatment for acute cholecystitis is laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Conversion to open operation may be necessary in cases where the anatomy is unclear or complications are encountered. Laparoscopic tube cholecystostomy remains an alternative to open surgery in cases where the gallbladder is judged too inflamed to allow for laparoscopic removal and in cases where the patient is too sick to tolerate a more extensive procedure. It also provides access for diagnostic cholangiography. We report three patients with acute cholecystitis who underwent laparoscopic cholecystostomy and interval laparoscopic cholecystectomy without complications. Laparoscopic tube cholecystostomy is safe and remains a useful option in select patients with complicated acute cholecystitis.     

Laparoscopic cholecystostomy with delayed cholecystectomy as an alternative to conversion to open procedure

Background: Acute cholecystitis carries the highest incidence of conversion from planned laparoscopic cholecystectomy to open surgery due to unclear anatomy, excessive bleeding, complications, or other technical reasons. Methods: Laparoscopic tube cholecystostomy was performed instead of immediate conversion to laparotomy in 9 patients with acute cholecystitis after unsuccessful attempts at laparoscopic dissection. Elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy was done 3 months later. Results: Following this approach eight patients were treated successfully. After 3 months the acute process had subsided sufficiently to allow a safe laparoscopic cholecystectomy. One additional patient died of acute leukemia 6 weeks after cholecystostomy. Before adopting this technique we subjected 171 patients with acute calculous cholecystitis to laparoscopic cholecystectomy; there was an 11% (19 cases) rate of conversion. Since cholecystostomy has begun to be offered as an alternative to conversion, 121 patients with acute cholecystitis have had laparoscopic cholecystectomy and only 2 cases (1.5%) have been converted to immediate open cholecystectomy. Conclusions: We recommend the alternative of performing a cholecystostomy with delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy instead of conversion to open procedure when facing a case of acute cholecystitis not amenable to laparoscopic cholecystectomy.     

腹腔镜胆囊部分切除术治疗急性胆囊炎

目的探讨腹腔镜胆囊部分切除术治疗急性胆囊炎的疗效。方法76例急性胆囊炎患者,均行腹腔镜部分胆囊切除术。结果手术均获成功,平均手术时间为87（45-135）min,无严重并发症。术后随访1.5（1-3）年,无结石残留、复发。结论对急性胆囊炎患者行腹腔镜胆囊部分切除术是安全可行的,适应证的掌握是手术安全的保证。     

Factors associated with successful laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis.

OBJECTIVE: This article determined which preoperative data correlated with successful completion of a laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients with acute cholecystitis. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Although laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the procedure of choice in chronic cholecystitis, its use in acute cholecystitis may be associated with higher costs and complication rates. It is not known which patients with acute cholecystitis are likely to require conversion to open cholecystectomy based on preoperative data or if a cooling-off period with medical therapy can diminish inflammation and increase the chance of successful laparoscopic cholecystectomy. METHODS: All laparoscopic cholecystectomies done by the authors between 10/90 and 2/92 were reviewed. Data on cases of acute cholecystitis were prospectively collected on standardized data forms. RESULTS: Twenty of 281 laparoscopic cholecystectomies were done for acute cholecystitis; 7/20 patients with acute cholecystitis required conversion to open cholecystectomy compared with 6/281 patients undergoing elective operation for chronic cholecystitis. In patients with acute cholecystitis the interval from admission to cholecystectomy in the successful cases was 0.6 days vs. 5 days in the cases requiring conversion to open cholecystectomy (p = .01). Cases requiring conversion to open cholecystectomy also had higher WBC (14.0 vs. 9.0, p < .05), alkaline phosphatase (206 vs. 81, p < .02, and APACHE II scores (10.6 vs. 5.1, p < .05). Ultrasonographic findings such as gallbladder distention, wall thickness, and pericholecystic fluid did not correlate with the success of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Patients converted from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy required more operating room time (120 min vs. 87 min, p < .01) and more postop hospital days (6 vs. 2, p < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis should be done immediately after the diagnosis is established because delaying surgery allows inflammation to become more intense, thus increasing the technical difficulty of laparoscopic cholecystectomy.     

腹腔镜手术治疗急性胆囊炎50例分析

目的:探讨腹腔镜治疗急性胆囊炎的可行性。方法:采用腹腔镜技术对急性胆囊炎进行手术治疗。结果:50例患者均治愈,其中2例中转开腹处理,无并发症发生。结论:只要熟练掌握腹腔镜的操作技术,对急性胆囊炎都可以采用腹腔镜治疗。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术在急性胆囊炎中的应用

目的评价急性胆囊炎中应用腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC)的方法和疗效. 方法回顾分析1998年8月～2003年8月LC治疗急性胆囊炎201例. 结果本组均于入院24 h内行LC.完成LC 192例(95.52%),中转开腹9例.手术时间40～150 min,平均85 min.随访2～12个月,无并发症. 结论急性胆囊炎中应用LC难度大、变异多,但只要严格掌握手术适应证和手术技巧,在基层医院开展LC是可行的.