急性椎基底动脉闭塞血管内介入治疗的疗效分析

目的 探讨血管内介入治疗急性椎基底动脉闭塞的效果及影响因素。方法 惠州市第一人民医院于2013-01—2016-12间采用血管内介入疗法治疗急性椎基底动脉闭塞患者共13例,其中尿激酶动脉溶栓+碎栓3例,溶栓+碎栓+Solitaire支架拉栓10例,必要时进行球囊扩张血管狭窄处。回顾性分析患者的临床资料、即时取栓效果、疗效,总结并发症的预防经验。结果 术后即刻造影及复查头颅CT显示,血管完全再通10例,部分再通2例,未再通1例,再通率为92%。术后复查CT显示无脑出血病例,较大面积脑干梗死5例。良好功能恢复(MRS评分0~2分)6例,中度残疾(MRS评分3分)2例,严重功能障碍(MRS评分4~5分)3例,死亡1例。结论 血管内介入治疗急性椎基底动脉血栓形成,血管再通率高,安全、有效,部分患者预后良好。     

腔内血管成形术治疗膝下动脉长段闭塞

目的分析探讨介入技术治疗动脉硬化闭塞症膝下动脉长段闭塞的再通成功率和临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2007年10月至2008年11月间,介入技术治疗98例(113条动脉)膝下动脉长段闭塞患者的临床资料。结果 88条动脉(72例,78%)介入治疗获得成功。胫前、胫后动脉及腓动脉开通率分别为68%、74%与83%。48例获得随访,随访时间为6～12个月,CTA显示33例(69%)发生再狭窄,15例(31%)发生再闭塞。结论介入技术可以再通膝下动脉长段闭塞,并能取得较好的近期效果,但长期随访显示仍存在很高的术后再狭窄率和再闭塞率。     

急性脑梗死动脉内溶栓治疗致靶血管早期再闭塞的若干问题探讨

目的探讨局部动脉内溶栓治疗急性缺血性脑梗死致靶血管早期再闭塞的可能性、时间及其相应处理措施。方法217例急性缺血性脑梗死患者应用尿激酶或爱通立(rt-PA)行局部动脉内溶栓治疗,发生靶血管早期再闭塞3例(1.38%)。结果颈内动脉末端、大脑中动脉、基底动脉各1例;重度伤残1例,死亡2例。结论急性脑梗死动脉内溶栓治疗过程中可并发靶血管的早期再闭塞,可能与溶栓后破碎栓子、斑块随血流移位栓塞远端的血管及局部的血栓再形成有关,靶血管早期再闭塞有较高的死亡率。     

急性肢体缺血的治疗

目的 探讨急性肢体缺血的治疗方法 .方法 回顾性分析28例急性肢体缺血的临床资料.4例急性动脉栓塞者行急症取栓术,1例假性动脉瘤患者行假性动脉瘤切除及人工血管植入术,23例动脉闭塞症者采用取栓、血管旁路术、血管腔内治疗、截肢、单纯药物等治疗.结果 5例急性动脉栓塞及假性动脉瘤患者治疗成功,23例动脉闭塞症患者中,5例(21.7%)治疗成功,12例(52.2%)好转,6例(26.1%)无效,4例截肢(占动脉闭塞疾病的17.4%).无1例死亡.6～45个月随访中,另有5例截肢,死亡4例.结论 急性肢体缺血患者需根据病情选择合理的治疗策略,包括取栓及血管重建等,以达到挽救肢体和生命的目的 .     

介入再通技术治疗肾动脉慢性完全闭塞

目的探讨介入再通技术治疗肾动脉慢性完全闭塞患者的方法及初步疗效。方法以肾动脉球囊扩张术、经皮血管内支架成形术、动脉溶栓术对12例慢性肾动脉完全闭塞患者进行介入再通治疗。行血管造影评价介入再通治疗的疗效,随访临床症状、血压及肾功能变化。结果10例患者肾动脉再通成功,技术成功率83.33%,10例临床获益。结论介入技术可以有效开通慢性闭塞肾动脉并使患者临床获益。     

缺血后处理技术在中动脉急性闭塞脑梗死患者血管介入中的应用

目的探讨缺血后处理技术在中动脉急性闭塞脑梗死患者血管介入中的应用效果。方法选择2017年5月至2019年6月在本院就诊的90例中动脉急性闭塞脑梗死患者,根据治疗方法不同将其分为观察组(血管内介入+缺血后处理治疗)和对照组(血管内介入治疗),两组各45例。比较两组患者治疗前后的脑梗死体积变化、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分、90天mRS评分、死亡率、血管再通率以及症状性颅内出血情况。结果两组患者发病1天后脑梗死体积明显大于术前,且观察组脑梗死体积显著小于对照组(P0.05)。两组患者术前和术后即刻的NIHSS评分差异无统计学意义(P0.05),但患者术后1天、术后7天和术后14天的NIHSS评分均下降,且观察组患者NIHSS评分显著低于对照组患者(P0.05)。观察组患者术后90天良好预后率和血管再通率均显著高于对照组,死亡率显著低于对照组(P0.05)。两组患者症状性颅内出血比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论缺血后处理技术在中动脉急性闭塞脑梗死患者血管介入中可以改善脑梗死体积和神经功能,提高血管再通率,降低死亡率,具有更好的预后效果。     

下肢动脉硬化性闭塞症血管重建197例分析

目的 探讨传统外科手术、血管腔内治疗和杂交手术在下肢动脉硬化性闭塞症血管重建中的应用.方法 回顾性分析1998年1月至2008年12月接受血管重建手术的197例下肢动脉硬化性闭塞症患者临床资料,其中外科手术77例,血管腔内治疗82例,杂交手术38例.探讨3种血管重建方法的适应证、治疗效果、并发症及围手术期死亡率.结果 外科手术成功率97.4%(75/77),腔内治疗90.24%(74/82),杂交手术81.58%(31/38).随访2～112个月,平均随访46个月,随诊率71%(164/197).远期通畅率在主髂和股腘动脉中外科手术(57%和51%)高丁腔内治疗(48%和42%),但差异无统计学意义;远期通畅率在多节段病变和动脉狭窄并血栓形成中杂交手术(54%、26%、28%)明显高于其他方法(48%、23%).并发症在主髂和股腘动脉中外科手术(31%、12%)明显高于血管腔内治疗(31%、11%),在多节段病变(36%)明显高于腔内治疗和杂交手术(12%、15%).外科手术对于主髂和多节段动脉病变的围手术期死亡率分别为1.5%、2.0%,其他部位病变为0%;血管腔内治疗和杂交手术均为0%.结论 对于主髂和股腘动脉,外科于术是长段闭塞性病变、血管腔内治疗是短段非闭塞性病变的首选.杂交手术对多节段病变和动脉狭窄并血栓形成更具优势.对于膝下病变,血管腔内治疗能取得较好疗效,但远期通畅率不佳.     

下肢动脉硬化性闭塞症血管重建197例分析

目的 探讨传统外科手术、血管腔内治疗和杂交手术在下肢动脉硬化性闭塞症血管重建中的应用.方法 回顾性分析1998年1月至2008年12月接受血管重建手术的197例下肢动脉硬化性闭塞症患者临床资料,其中外科手术77例,血管腔内治疗82例,杂交手术38例.探讨3种血管重建方法的适应证、治疗效果、并发症及围手术期死亡率.结果 外科手术成功率97.4%(75/77),腔内治疗90.24%(74/82),杂交手术81.58%(31/38).随访2～112个月,平均随访46个月,随诊率71%(164/197).远期通畅率在主髂和股腘动脉中外科手术(57%和51%)高丁腔内治疗(48%和42%),但差异无统计学意义;远期通畅率在多节段病变和动脉狭窄并血栓形成中杂交手术(54%、26%、28%)明显高于其他方法(48%、23%).并发症在主髂和股腘动脉中外科手术(31%、12%)明显高于血管腔内治疗(31%、11%),在多节段病变(36%)明显高于腔内治疗和杂交手术(12%、15%).外科手术对于主髂和多节段动脉病变的围手术期死亡率分别为1.5%、2.0%,其他部位病变为0%;血管腔内治疗和杂交手术均为0%.结论 对于主髂和股腘动脉,外科于术是长段闭塞性病变、血管腔内治疗是短段非闭塞性病变的首选.杂交手术对多节段病变和动脉狭窄并血栓形成更具优势.对于膝下病变,血管腔内治疗能取得较好疗效,但远期通畅率不佳.     

下肢动脉硬化性闭塞症血管重建197例分析

目的 探讨传统外科手术、血管腔内治疗和杂交手术在下肢动脉硬化性闭塞症血管重建中的应用.方法 回顾性分析1998年1月至2008年12月接受血管重建手术的197例下肢动脉硬化性闭塞症患者临床资料,其中外科手术77例,血管腔内治疗82例,杂交手术38例.探讨3种血管重建方法的适应证、治疗效果、并发症及围手术期死亡率.结果 外科手术成功率97.4%(75/77),腔内治疗90.24%(74/82),杂交手术81.58%(31/38).随访2～112个月,平均随访46个月,随诊率71%(164/197).远期通畅率在主髂和股腘动脉中外科手术(57%和51%)高丁腔内治疗(48%和42%),但差异无统计学意义;远期通畅率在多节段病变和动脉狭窄并血栓形成中杂交手术(54%、26%、28%)明显高于其他方法(48%、23%).并发症在主髂和股腘动脉中外科手术(31%、12%)明显高于血管腔内治疗(31%、11%),在多节段病变(36%)明显高于腔内治疗和杂交手术(12%、15%).外科手术对于主髂和多节段动脉病变的围手术期死亡率分别为1.5%、2.0%,其他部位病变为0%;血管腔内治疗和杂交手术均为0%.结论 对于主髂和股腘动脉,外科于术是长段闭塞性病变、血管腔内治疗是短段非闭塞性病变的首选.杂交手术对多节段病变和动脉狭窄并血栓形成更具优势.对于膝下病变,血管腔内治疗能取得较好疗效,但远期通畅率不佳.     

下肢动脉硬化性闭塞症血管重建197例分析

目的 探讨传统外科手术、血管腔内治疗和杂交手术在下肢动脉硬化性闭塞症血管重建中的应用.方法 回顾性分析1998年1月至2008年12月接受血管重建手术的197例下肢动脉硬化性闭塞症患者临床资料,其中外科手术77例,血管腔内治疗82例,杂交手术38例.探讨3种血管重建方法的适应证、治疗效果、并发症及围手术期死亡率.结果 外科手术成功率97.4%(75/77),腔内治疗90.24%(74/82),杂交手术81.58%(31/38).随访2～112个月,平均随访46个月,随诊率71%(164/197).远期通畅率在主髂和股腘动脉中外科手术(57%和51%)高丁腔内治疗(48%和42%),但差异无统计学意义;远期通畅率在多节段病变和动脉狭窄并血栓形成中杂交手术(54%、26%、28%)明显高于其他方法(48%、23%).并发症在主髂和股腘动脉中外科手术(31%、12%)明显高于血管腔内治疗(31%、11%),在多节段病变(36%)明显高于腔内治疗和杂交手术(12%、15%).外科手术对于主髂和多节段动脉病变的围手术期死亡率分别为1.5%、2.0%,其他部位病变为0%;血管腔内治疗和杂交手术均为0%.结论 对于主髂和股腘动脉,外科于术是长段闭塞性病变、血管腔内治疗是短段非闭塞性病变的首选.杂交手术对多节段病变和动脉狭窄并血栓形成更具优势.对于膝下病变,血管腔内治疗能取得较好疗效,但远期通畅率不佳.     

Clinical and economic evaluation of the trellis thrombectomy device for arterial occlusions: preliminary analysis

OBJECTIVES: This preliminary study examined the technical efficacy, safety, and cost of treating arterial occlusions with a single device that combines pharmacologic and mechanical thrombolysis. METHODS: The technical success, bleeding complications, and costs for the first 26 consecutive patients in whom lower extremity ischemia was treated with the Trellis infusion catheter (TIC) were analyzed. Procedure time, thrombolytic infusion time, technical success, bleeding complications (major and intracranial hemorrhage), interventional suite time, and 30-day amputation-free survival were evaluated. RESULTS: 15 of 26 patients (58%) who received treatment with the TIC had acute arterial occlusions, and 11 of 26 patients (42%) had nonacute arterial occlusions. Nineteen of 26 patients (73.1%) received treatment of an infrainguinal occlusion, and 7 of 26 patients (26.9%) received treatment of a suprainguinal occlusion. Lower extremity native arteries were treated in 18 of 26 patients (69%), and lower extremity bypass grafts in 8 of 26 patients (31%). The technical success rate with TIC treatment was 92%, and the 30-day amputation-free survival rate was 96%. There was no difference in technical success or amputation-free survival rate between acute versus nonacute arterial occlusions, native artery versus bypass grafts, and suprainguinal versus infrainguinal arterial occlusions. Procedure time was 2.1 +/- 0.9 hours, and infusion time was 0.3 +/- 0.2 hours. There were no bleeding complications; however, 3 of 26 patients (11.5%) required further intervention to treat distal embolization. The overall mean cost for patients with TIC treatment was $3216 +/- $1740. CONCLUSIONS: Early results of TIC treatment in patients with arterial occlusions suggest that it is as effective as traditional catheter-directed thrombolysis. Furthermore, there were no bleeding complications, likely the result of TIC requiring shorter procedure and infusion times.     

Thrombolytic therapy of acute peripheral arterial occlusions of limb arteries

INTRODUCTION: Thrombolytic therapy is a method of solution of thrombotic arterial occlusions of limbs using the physiological process of fibrinolysis. The severity of limb ischemia is the crucial for therapy. If immediate recanalization of arterial system is necessary than primarily surgical teratment is chosen. THE METHOD: The arterial closures in infrainguinal localization are indicated for thrombolysis. Especially occlusions of crural vessels and the closures of previous vascular reconstruction (bypass) are indicated. The methods of local intra-arterial thrombolysis with application of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator, (rt-PA Actilyse) through catheter introduced into the level of thrombotic occlusion by Seldinger's Metod are used in our department. RESULTS: The authors present retrospectively analyzed set of 51 patients (12 women and 39 men aged 33 to 85 years) with acute arterial occlusion solved with thrombolytic therapy in the period 02/2007 - 03/2010. Complete recanalization was achieved in 43 cases (patients) (84%), high amputation of limbs was performed in 3 cases (5.9%).     

105例急性肢体动脉阻塞的临床治疗分析

作者总结１９８２年３月～１９９６年９月收治的１０５例急性肢体动脉阻塞患者的临床诊断与治疗体会。对因栓塞与血栓形成两种不同原因患者的治疗结果进行比较：栓塞组肢体救治率８６．８％，高于血栓形成组５７．９％（Ｐ＜０．０１）；而血栓形成组死亡率８％，低于栓塞组１５．７％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结果表明：两种不同病因所致急性肢体动脉阻塞发病机制不同导致肢体救治率和死亡率有很大区别。     

105例急怀肢体动脉阻塞的临床治疗分析

作者总结１９８２年３月－１９９６年９月收治的１０５例急性肢体动脉阻患者的临床诊断一治疗体会。对因栓塞与血栓形成两种不同原因患者的治疗结果进行比较。栓塞组肢体救治率８６．８％,高于血栓形成组５７．９％;而血栓形成组死亡率８％,低于栓塞组１５．７％。结果表明,两种不同病因所致生肢体动脉阻塞发病不同导致肢体救治率和死亡率有很大区别。     

Duplex-guided balloon angioplasty and subintimal dissection of infrapopliteal arteries: early results with a new approach to avoid radiation exposure and contrast material

OBJECTIVE: Balloon angioplasties of stenotic or occluded infrapopliteal arteries may be helpful in selected high-risk patients threatened with limb loss. Thus far, these procedures have demanded fluoroscopy and the injection of potentially nephrotoxic contrast material. Herein, we proposed a new alternative to avoid the harmful effects of radiation exposure and the risk of acute renal failure. METHODS: Over the last 16 months, 30 patients (57% male) aged 74 +/- 9 years (mean +/- SD) had a total of 52 attempted balloon angioplasties of the infrapopliteal arteries in 32 limbs under duplex guidance. Indications for the procedure were critical ischemia in 20 limbs (63%), including rest pain, ischemic ulcers, and gangrene in 4 (13%), 10 (31%), and 6 (19%) limbs, respectively. Severe disabling claudication was an indication in the remaining 12 limbs (37%). All patients had concomitantly performed balloon angioplasties of the superficial femoral and popliteal arteries (28 cases) or the popliteal artery alone (4 cases). Balloon angioplasty of the infrapopliteal arteries was performed as an adjunct to improve runoff. Hypertension, diabetes, renal insufficiency, smoking, and coronary artery disease were present in 77%, 73%, 50%, 47%, and 37% of cases, respectively. There were 42 cases (81%) with infrapopliteal arterial stenoses (25 tibioperoneal trunks, 9 peroneal arteries, 4 anterior tibial arteries, and 4 posterior tibial arteries) in 26 limbs. The remaining 10 cases (19%) had infrapopliteal arterial occlusions (4 tibioperoneal trunks, 5 peroneal arteries, and 1 anterior tibial artery) in 6 limbs. All these cases were combined with more proximal endovascular procedures (21 femoropopliteal stenoses and 11 femoropopliteal occlusions). All patients had preprocedure duplex arterial mapping and ankle/brachial index (ABI) measurement. Local anesthesia with light sedation was used in all cases. The common femoral artery was cannulated under direct duplex visualization. Still under duplex guidance, a guidewire was directed into the proximal superficial femoral artery and distally, beyond the infrapopliteal diseased segment. The diseased segment was then balloon-dilated. Balloon diameter and length were chosen according to the arterial measurements obtained by duplex guidance. Completion duplex examinations were performed and postprocedure ABIs were obtained in all cases. RESULTS: Although the overall technical success was 94% (49/52 cases), it was 95% for those with stenoses (40/42 cases) and 90% for those with occlusions (9/10 cases; P < .5). Intraoperative thrombosis occurred in three infrapopliteal cases (two tibioperoneal trunks and one peroneal artery) and in one popliteal artery. All four cases were successfully managed with intra-arterial infusion of thrombolytic agents under duplex guidance. Overall, the preprocedure and postprocedure ABIs ranged from 0.4 to 0.8 (mean +/- SD, 0.58 +/- 0.15) and 0.7 to 1.1 (mean +/- SD, 0.9 +/- 0.16), respectively (P < .0001). Twenty-two (88%) of 25 patients experienced a significant (> 0.15) postoperative ABI increase. Overall 30-day survival and limb salvage rates were 100%. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed technique eliminates the need for radiation exposure and the use of contrast material, and it seems to be an effective alternative approach for the treatment of infrapopliteal occlusive disease. Additional advantages include accurate selection of the proper size of balloon and confirmation of the adequacy of the technique by hemodynamic and imaging parameters.     

介入性再通术治疗下肢动脉平齐闭塞病变

目的探讨介入性再通术治疗下肢动脉平齐闭塞病变的方法和疗效。方法17例经CT血管造影（CTA）或MR血管造影（MRA）诊断的下肢主要动脉起始部平齐闭塞患者,病变分别位于髂总动脉（4例）、髂外动脉（2例）、股浅动脉（8例）、胫后或胫前动脉（3例）,临床表现为静息痛等下肢严重缺血症状。经同侧、对侧股动脉或右肱动脉等途径,主要使用内膜下血管成形方法对平齐闭塞端血管进行顺行开通治疗。结果17例患者中,12例成功使导丝和导管经平齐闭塞端进入并通过闭塞端,完成再通治疗,其中11例（11/12）使用了内膜下血管成形技术,在髂、股动脉共植入支架19枚;1例髂总动脉、2例股浅动脉和2例胫（胫前、胫后）动脉平齐闭塞病变因无法使导管导丝嵌入闭塞起始部而终止再通操作,再通成功率为70.59%（12/17）。未发生与介入操作相关的并发症。再通术后临床症状明显改善或消失,踝臂指数（ABI）平均值从0.47上升至0.71。6个月近期随访无症状复发,8、12和24个月各有1例患者症状加重,其中1例复查CAT显示支架内完全闭塞。结论使用内膜下血管成形术对下肢动脉平齐闭塞病变进行再通治疗可以获得安全而良好的临床疗效,拓展了介入治疗对于复杂、严重下肢缺血病变的适用范围。     

介入联合手术治疗长段髂动脉闭塞病变

目的探讨介入联合手术治疗长段髂动脉闭塞病变的近期治疗效果。方法回顾性分析2008年8月～2010年6月介入联合手术治疗11例（13条）长段髂动脉闭塞的临床资料。双侧髂动脉合并腹主动脉下段闭塞2例（4条）,髂动脉合并股总动脉闭塞6例,髂动脉合并多发股浅或腘动脉闭塞3例。对11例（13条）长段髂动脉闭塞病变行Fogarty球囊取栓联合球囊扩张成形支架植入,并进行门诊和电话随访。结果 13条髂股动脉均开通成功,下肢缺血症状出现或加重2个月内的7条患肢术中取出较多血栓。术后未出现伤口感染、血肿、肺炎、死亡,术后1周踝肱比（ABI）由术前的0.07±0.13提高至0.56±0.19,差异有显著性（t=8.517,P=0.000）。随访12～28个月,平均18个月,13条患肢均保存良好,髂动脉一期通畅。结论介入联合手术治疗长段髂动脉闭塞病变的近期效果良好,并发症发生率较低。介入联合手术治疗在患肢缺血症状突然出现或加重2个月内的髂动脉长段闭塞病变,以及髂动脉闭塞合并股总动脉闭塞病变的患者具有较大优势。     

介入联合自体有核细胞移植术治疗下肢动脉闭塞症疗效观察

目的 探讨下肢动脉闭塞性病变介入联合自体有核细胞移植术治疗的临床疗效.方法 对78例下肢动脉闭塞性疾病患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析.78例中单纯行介入治疗38例(45肢),介入治疗联合自体有核细胞移植治疗40例(53肢).通过比较治疗前和治疗后1个月临床症状(静息痛、间歇性跛行、溃疡)的评分、踝肱指数(ankle br...     

个体化血管重建术治疗下肢多平面动脉硬化闭塞症

目的 观察序贯立交搭桥或结合腔内技术治疗下肢多平面动脉硬化闭塞症的临床效果。方法 2004年4月～2005年7月，对11例14条下肢多平面动脉硬化闭塞症患者，采用序贯立交搭桥或动脉内膜剥脱术或腔内外结合手术治疗。其中男10例，女1例；年龄62～79岁，平均70．5岁。表现为间歇性跛行8例（FontaineⅡ期），静息痛3例（Fontaine Ⅲ期），足趾溃疡、坏疽1例（FontaineⅣ期）。彩色多普勒检查示14条下肢均为多平面动脉硬化闭塞，踝肱指数（ankle brachialindex，ABI）为0．36±0．11。下肢数字减影血管造影（digital subtraction angiography，DSA）显示双侧髂总动脉闭塞2em、髂外动脉闭塞、双侧股浅动脉闭塞3例，右侧髂总动脉狭窄、髂外动脉闭塞、双侧股浅动脉闭塞1例，单侧髂外动脉狭窄、股浅动脉闭塞7例。术后行DSA、彩色多普勒检查及ABI测定，观察血管通畅情况。结果 术后无死亡。患者均获随访3～26个月，平均14．5个月。间歇性跛行、静息痛等症状均消失，ABI术后为0．89±0．13，与术前比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。肢体获救率100％。术后3～280d行下肢DSA显示转流血管通畅率为92．86％（13／14）。结论 序贯立交搭桥或腔内外手术结合，是治疗严重下肢多平面动脉硬化闭塞症的一种可靠、安全、相对微创的治疗方法。     

急性肢体动脉栓塞103例分析

目的：回顾性分析急性肢体动脉栓塞的原因、部位、诊断与治疗方法及术后并发症的预防和处理。方法：经动脉切开，导管取栓，共治疗103例110条肢体，其中上肢11条，下肢99条。7例合并动脉硬化狭窄性病变同时行动脉重建术。结果：8例手术后早期死亡，11例术后仍需截趾或截肢。结论：为防止误诊，对疑有肢体动脉栓塞应施行彩色多普勒检查；早期手术取栓可明显阻止血栓的蔓延，减少肢体坏死的危险。