PFNA治疗不同AO分型的股骨粗隆间骨折隐性失血的比较分析

目的:比较PFNA在治疗不同AO分型的股骨粗隆间骨折中患者围手术期隐性失血的差异,借以指导临床治疗。方法:回顾收集116例老年股骨粗隆间骨折患者的资料,均应用PFNA治疗,根据AO分型将骨折患者分组,其中A1型组50例,A2型组66例。收集术前1天、术后3天内血常规及术中、术后失血量,根据Gross方程计算患者围手术期隐性失血量。结果:应用PFNA治疗不同AO分型的股骨粗隆间骨折时,A2型组骨折的患者术中失血量、隐性失血量明显大于A1型组骨折的患者(P<0.05),且隐性失血造成A2型骨折患者住院时间较长,由此导致术后并发症增加,下地时间延长,住院费用也相应增加。结论:在股骨粗隆间骨折应用PFNA治疗时隐性失血不容忽视,而A2型骨折的患者隐性失血要高于A1型骨折的患者,因此在临床中对于A2型股骨粗隆间骨折,治疗上更应注意围手术期管理。     

PFNA治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折围手术期失血量的观察

目的观察股骨近端防旋髓内钉(PFNA) 治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折患者的围手术期失血量。方法回顾性分析本院采取闭合PFNA内固定治疗的40例股骨粗隆间骨折患者的临床资料;将其不同时间段的隐性失血量及术中显性失血量进行比较。结果PFNA治疗股骨粗隆间骨折术后平均总隐性失血量是平均显性失血量的10倍以上。术后第4~5天与术后第1天、第2~3天比较差异均有显著性。结论PFNA治疗股骨粗隆间骨折围手术期隐性失血量远大于术中显性失血量。隐性失血主要发生在手术后的前3天,故术后前3天应密切监测患者的血红蛋白变化。     

高龄股骨粗隆间骨折 PFNA 内固定术后围手术期隐性失血量的变化

目的：观察计算采用股骨近端防旋髓内钉（ PFNA）治疗高龄股骨粗隆间骨折围手术期各时间段的隐性失血量,并分析隐性失血量与术后时间的关系,提高临床医师对PFNA内固定术后隐性失血的认识。方法回顾性分析潍坊市人民医院骨创伤外科2012年3月～2013年3月采用PFNA内固定术治疗高龄股骨粗隆间骨折患者60例,采用Gross方程计算PFNA内固定术后各阶段（1d,2～3d以及4～5d）的隐性失血量,并与患者围手术期显性失血进行比较。结果 PFNA内固定术治疗高龄股骨粗隆间骨折围手术期隐性失血量占总失血量的89．7％,术后隐性失血量第4～5天与第2～3天、第1天比较差异有显著性。结论高龄股骨粗隆间骨折PF-NA内固定术后主要的失血途径是隐性失血,并且主要发生在术后3 d内。     

麻醉方式对PFNA治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折隐性失血的影响

目的评价不同麻醉方式对PFNA治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折隐性失血的影响。方法按照不同的麻醉方式将120例老年股骨粗隆间骨折患者随机分为硬膜外组(n=60)和全麻组(n=60),经相应麻醉方式处理后均行PFNA手术治疗,测量患者术前、术后血红蛋白量、红细胞压积,根据Gross方程计算隐性失血量。结果硬膜外组围手术期隐性失血量为(770.4±415.3)ml,全麻组隐性失血量为(1142±605.4)ml,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论对于老年股骨粗隆间骨折患者,全麻会导致隐性失血量的增加,若无明显禁忌,建议行硬膜外麻醉。     

PFNA治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折围手术期隐性失血的影响因素分析

目的:分析应用股骨近端防旋髓内钉(PFNA)治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折围手术期隐性失血危险因素。方法:回顾性分析84例采取PFNA内固定术治疗的股骨粗隆间骨折患者临床资料,通过Gross方程间接计算出隐性失血量,分析年龄、性别、高血压、糖尿病、COPD与隐性失血的相关性。结果:PFNA术后总失血量(732.0±220.0)ml,显性失血量(94.5±51.3)ml,隐性失血量(637.5±214.2)ml,隐性失血占总失血量的87.0%。围手术期隐性失血量与年龄、高血压病、糖尿病有相关性。结论:应该重视患者年龄、高血压病、糖尿病等影响围手术期隐性失血的因素,严密监测围手术期患者的血红蛋白及红细胞压积,及时补充血容量,减少并发症的产生。     

老年粗隆间骨折围手术期隐性失血分析

目的研究股骨近端防旋髓内钉(proximal femoral nail antirotation,PFNA)治疗老年粗隆间骨折隐性失血的特点,为临床提供参考指导依据.方法对54例采用PFNA治疗的老年股骨粗隆间骨折患者的红细胞压积(Hc)t和血红蛋白(Hb)的变化进行回顾性分析.结果平均手术记录出血量135 mL,平均失血量(平均围手术期失血量)为698.31 mL.结论手术记录出血量并不反应围手术期失血量(包括创伤后手术前、术中、术后的失血),以此作为围手术期患者的补液治疗并不可靠.     

PFNA微创手术方式治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折隐性失血分析及对策

目的：探讨螺旋刀片型股骨近端髓内钉（PFNA）微创手术方式治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折隐性失血原因及对策。方法：对2011年11月至2013年2月采用PFNA治疗老年AO/OTA A1、A2型股骨粗隆间骨折患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,记录手术后血红蛋白（Hb）、红细胞压积（Hct）的下降程度,根据公式估算隐性失血量、显性失血量情况,分析隐性失血原因。结果：临床数据研究发现本组36例患者手术后Hb、Hct均有不同程度下降,隐性失血与术中可见的失血量差距很大。结论：PFNA手术微创,但围手术期隐性失血量却不小,临床上需引起足够重视。     

PFNA治疗粗隆间骨折隐性失血量的回顾性研究

目的:对PFNA治疗股骨粗隆间骨折围手术期隐性失血进行量化研究。方法：回顾性研究我院自2013-1-1至2014-12-31符合纳入标准和排除标准的19例患者的病例资料,采用OSTHEO公式计算隐性失血量。结果：19例研究对象中,术中出血量平均110.53±84.42ml；出血总量平均896.78±309.99ml；隐性失血量平均769.41±284.80ml。结论：PFNA治疗股骨粗隆间骨折,患者围手术期隐性失血量达到769.41±284.80ml,占失血总量的85.80%,应引起高度重视并及时纠正贫血,减少并发症。     

不同内固定方式治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折围手术期的失血特点分析

目的:通过对Gamma3、股骨近端防旋髓内钉(proximal femoral nail anti-rotation,PFNA)及动力髋螺钉(dynamic hip nail,DHS)治疗的老年股骨粗隆间骨折患者围手术期失血量的分析,了解老年股骨粗隆间骨折患者围手术期失血的特点。方法:回顾性分析了我科2007年1月1日至2012年12月31日诊治的408例采用Gamma3、PFNA及DHS治疗的老年股骨粗隆间骨折患者的临床资料。使用Gross方程,根据身高、体重、术前和术后的血常规变化,计算围手术期的失血量,并比较Gamma3组、PFNA组及DHS组的失血量区别。结果:Gamma3治疗组患者共96例,平均手术时间为(74.7±25.0)min,平均显性失血量为(103.5±83.0)mL,平均总失血量为(831.9±474.8)mL,平均隐性失血量为(728.3±455.5)mL。PFNA治疗组患者共84例,平均手术时间为(69.0±27.1)min,平均显性失血量为(91.5±111.4)mL,平均总失血量为(825.7±478.0)mL,平均隐性失血量为(734.2±455.7)mL。DHS治疗组患者共40例,平均手术时间为(97.5±25.0)min,平均显性失血量为(283.6±142.1)mL,平均总失血量为(695.7±502.4)mL,平均隐性失血量为(412.1±457.6)mL。结论:通过3种内固定方式的比较发现,DHS治疗粗隆间骨折切口大、手术时间长、术中出血多,Gamma3和PFNA治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折虽然具有切口小、手术时间短、术中出血少等优点,但围手术期的隐性失血较多,临床应予以足够的重视,以减少术后并发症的发生。     

股骨髓腔注入氨甲环酸对股骨粗隆间骨折PFNA患者术后隐性失血量的影响

目的 探讨股骨髓腔注入氨甲环酸对股骨粗隆间骨折行股骨近端防旋髓内钉(PFNA)内固定术患者术后隐性失血量的影响.方法 选取2017年3月至2019年5月本院收治的74例股骨粗隆间骨折患者作为研究对象,随机分为两组,各37例.对照组骨髓腔注入20 mL 0.9％氯化钠溶液,观察组将2 g氨甲环酸注射液与20 mL 0.9％氯化钠溶液混合注入股骨髓腔,比较两组隐性、显性、围术期总失血量及并发症发生率.结果 术后,观察组显性失血量略多于对照组,并发症发生率略低于对照组,但差异无统计学意义;观察组隐性失血量及围术期总失血量均少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 股骨髓腔注入氨甲环酸可有效减少股骨粗隆间骨折PFNA患者术后隐性失血量,降低并发症发生率,安全性较高,值得临床推广.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.