海马内生长抑素及脑啡肽原mRNA对癫痫发作敏感性形成的影响

用惊厥剂量 ( 10mg/kg)的红藻氨酸 (Kainicacid ,KA)诱发SD大鼠出现癫痫发作后 ,观察癫痫发作对海马结构内、海马门部位含生长抑素 (SOM)的抑制性中间神经元以及海马齿状回颗粒细胞 (DGCs)部位的脑啡肽及脑啡肽原mRNA表达的影响。免疫组化结果显示 ,在癫痫发作敏感性形成期 (KA后 5～ 7d)出现前 ,海马门区含SOM抑制性中间神经元进行性脱失 ,而海马苔状纤维 (MF)部位的具有兴奋和致癫痫作用的ENK免疫反应阳性纤维明显增多 ;KA后 2d在海马的DGCs部位开始出现脑啡肽免疫反应阳性神经元。原位杂交技术显示 ,KA后海马DGCs部位脑啡肽原mRNA亦明显增加 ,其峰值出现在KA后 1d (P <0 0 1)。结果提示KA后海马结构内兴奋和抑制过程失衡 ,这很可能与KA后癫痫发作敏感性增强的形成有关。     

戊四氮点燃癫痫大鼠海马神经营养因子受体P75表达的变化

0 引言 癫痫长时间发作后可出现脑内选择性的神经元凋亡坏死和海马硬化.减少癫痫后神经损伤及神经细胞凋亡,是防止癫痫后脑损伤与癫痫反复发作的一种新途径[1-2].我们观察癫痫大鼠海马神经营养因子受体P75(neurotrophin re-ceptor P75,P75NTR)的表达变化,以探讨癫痫后神经细胞凋亡的分子机制.     

癫痫模型大鼠海马内fos基因表达及电子显微镜观察

[目的 ]观察癫痫模型大鼠海马的c fos基因表达 ,并探讨癫痫的发病机制 .[方法 ]采用fos蛋白免疫细胞化学方法和电子显微镜 ,观察注射戊四氮后 30min ,1,3,6h时的海马内fos蛋白阳性细胞的分布情况 .[结果 ]腹腔注射戊四氮后 30min时 ,海马内开始出现fos蛋白阳性细胞 ,1～ 2h时达到高峰 ,3h时开始逐渐减少 ,6h时基本消失 .[结论 ]海马在癫痫发作时反应强烈 ,同时有可复性的脑组织损伤 ,提示海马可能是癫痫发作的主要启动部位 .     

普罗布考对癫痫大鼠海马神经元的影响

[目的]探讨普罗布考对戊四氮所致癫痫大鼠的抗氧化作用及对海马神经元的保护作用.[方法]将SD雄性大鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型对照组及普罗布考组.采用Dihel点燃癫痫模型制作方法,实验持续14d.观察模型对照组及普罗布考组大鼠癫痫发作潜伏期及发作持续时间,并测定各组大鼠海马组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及丙二醛(MD...     

颞叶癫痫海马硬化凋亡机制的研究进展

颞叶内侧癫痫（MTLE）是指与颞叶内侧海马结构相关病理导致的癫痫,临床主要表现为复杂部分性发作,病理以海马硬化为典型特征,动物实验证明短暂或持续的癫痫发作可导致脑内神经元的凋亡和多种凋亡相关基因的表达,如凋亡调节蛋白、caspase家族成员,caspase -3是细胞凋亡的信号转导通路的关键效应酶,[第一段]     

辛醇对红藻氨酸诱导癫痫大鼠海马Caspase-3表达的影响

癫痫可引起急性和持久性中枢神经系统损害,易致海马神经元损伤.细胞凋亡是癫痫发作后神经元死亡的主要形式之一.研究表明,癫痫发作后导致持续长时间的神经元凋亡可能是癫痫发作脑损害的重要机制[1].     

μ型阿片肽受体对癫痫敏感大鼠海马NR2B表达的影响

目的探讨μ型阿片肽受体（MORs）介导大鼠癫痫敏感性形成过程中海马NMDA2B受体（NR2B）表达变化。方法红藻氨酸（KA）皮下注射建立大鼠癫痫发作模型,采用脑立体定位及微渗透泵技术,海马内微量注射MORs激动剂PL017,或和拮抗剂β-FNA。7d后通过阈下剂量KA检测大鼠癫痫发作敏感性,应用原位杂交方法观察海马CA1区锥体细胞及齿状回颗粒细胞NR2B表达变化。结果PL017可显著增加大鼠海马CA1区锥体细胞和齿状回颗粒细胞NR2BmRNA（＋）神经元数及平均灰度。β-FNA则明显降低两个脑区的NR2BmRNA（＋）神经元数及平均灰度。结论MORs介导癫痫发作敏感性形成机制与NR2B表达上调有关。     

脂肪干细胞转化神经元移植对大鼠颞叶癫痫发作的影响

目的 研究脂肪干细胞(ADSCs)转化神经元移植对颞叶癫痫大鼠癫痫发作情况的影响.方法 SD大鼠40只,随机分为移植组(n=15)、移植对照组(n=15)、生理盐水对照组(n=10),依据大鼠左侧海马CA3区坐标,通过立体定向手术将ADSCs转化神经元用微量注射器注入移植组大鼠海马;对比手术前后实验大鼠的行为学、皮层及海马脑电改变情况.结果 移植后2周,癫痫大鼠的发作频率与移植前2周比较明显减少,海马及大脑皮层可记录到少量的癫痫波;2个月内绝大多数大鼠癫痫发作逐渐停止,活动逐渐恢复正常;2个月时,癫痫大鼠海马和大脑皮层记录到的脑电图,与生理盐水组大鼠脑电图差别较小.结论 ADSCs转化神经元移植可减轻大鼠颞叶癫痫的发作.     

红藻氨酸致痫后大鼠海马神经元和星形胶质细胞的反应性变化

目的研究红藻氨酸(Kainic acid, KA)诱导大鼠癫痫发作后海马内神经元和星形胶质细胞的反应变化情况。方法立体定向大鼠侧脑室内注射KA引起大鼠癫痫发作,用抗即早反应基因Fos蛋白和抗神经胶质原纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)的免疫组织化学方法,分别观察痫性发作后在各时间点反应性神经元和星形胶质细胞在海马各区的分布情况。结果KA诱导大鼠癫痫发作后,海马内Fos阳性神经元和GFAP阳性星形胶质细胞明显增多。癫痫发作30 min后GFAP开始增多,1 h达高峰;1 h 后Fos阳性产物开始增多,2 h达高峰。结论海马内反应性的神经元和星形胶质细胞在癫痫发作后增加,反应性星形胶质细胞可能参与癫痫的发生及其调节。     

脂肪干细胞转化神经元移植对大鼠颞叶癫痫发作的影响

目的研究脂肪干细胞(ADSCs)转化神经元移植对颞叶癫痫大鼠癫痫发作情况的影响。方法SD大鼠40只,随机分为移植组(n=15)、移植对照组(n=15)、生理盐水对照组(n=10),依据大鼠左侧海马CA3区坐标,通过立体定向手术将ADSCs转化神经元用微量注射器注入移植组大鼠海马;对比手术前后实验大鼠的行为学、皮层及海马脑电改变情况。结果移植后2周,癫痫大鼠的发作频率与移植前2周比较明显减少,海马及大脑皮层可记录到少量的癫痫波;2个月内绝大多数大鼠癫痫发作逐渐停止,活动逐渐恢复正常;2个月时,癫痫大鼠海马和大脑皮层记录到的脑电图,与生理盐水组大鼠脑电图差别较小。结论ADSCs转化神经元移植可减轻大鼠颞叶癫痫的发作。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.