抗妇炎胶囊联合奥硝唑治疗慢性盆腔炎临床效果及对血清炎症因子的影响

目的 分析抗妇炎胶囊联合奥硝唑治疗慢性盆腔炎的临床效果及对血清炎症因子的影响。方法 选取南京市六合区人民医院2020年1月—2022年2月收取的慢性盆腔炎患者62例作为研究对象,以掷骰子法等分为对照组、观察组,对照组采用奥硝唑治疗,观察组采用抗妇炎胶囊联合奥硝唑治疗。对比2组治疗效果,盆腔包块直径,血清炎症因子水平[白细胞介素-2(IL-2)、白细胞介素-1(IL-1)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、C反应蛋白（CRP）],血液流变学指标（全血高切黏度、全血低切黏度、血浆黏度、纤维蛋白原）,不良反应发生率。结果 观察组治疗总有效率显著高于对照组（P<0.05）;治疗后,观察组盆腔包块直径小于对照组（P<0.05）;治疗后,观察组IL-1、CRP、TNF-α水平显著低于对照组,IL-2水平显著高于对照组（P<0.05）;治疗后,观察组全血高切黏度、全血低切黏度、血浆黏度、纤维蛋白原水平均低于对照组（P<0.05）;2组不良反应发生率对比差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 对于慢性盆腔炎疾病患者采用抗妇炎胶囊联合奥硝唑治疗效果显著,可减轻机体炎症反应,改...     

低剂量甲泼尼龙治疗脓毒血症的疗效及其对患者免疫功能的影响

目的 观察低剂量甲泼尼龙治疗脓毒血症的疗效,并探讨其对患者免疫功能的影响.方法 选取我院重症医学科2014年3月至2016年2月收治的脓毒血症患者68例,按照就诊时间顺序分为对照组与观察组,每组各34例,对照组给予常规治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加用低剂量甲泼尼龙治疗,静脉注射40 mg低剂量甲泼尼龙,连续治疗3 d,比较两组患者的疗效及免疫功能的变化情况.结果 观察组患者治疗后的肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-10(IL-10)、白细胞介素-1(IL-1)水平分别为(7.23±0.87)pg/mL、(12.11±3.41)pg/mL、(24.52±13.56)pg/mL,两组治疗后与治疗前相比TNF-α、IL-10、IL-1水平均明显降低,观察组治疗后与对照组治疗后相比TNF-α、IL-10、IL-1水平降低更加显著,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者治疗后CD4+、CD8+水平分别为(20.01±2.66)%、(36.45±1.61)%,两组患者治疗后与治疗前比较CD4+、CD8+水平均升高,观察组治疗后与对照组治疗后相比CD4+、CD8+升高更加显著,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组患者死亡率为23.53%,明显高于观察组的5.88%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 于常规用药的基础上加用低剂量甲泼尼龙治疗脓毒血症的疗效显著,其可有效改善炎症因子水平及机体免疫功能,患者存活率较高.     

银杏叶提取物联合前列地尔治疗对血管源性眩晕患者血清氧化应激和炎症因子的影响

目的观察银杏叶提取物联合前列地尔治疗对血管源性眩晕患者血清氧化应激和炎症因子的影响。方法选取我院收治的血管源性眩晕患者124例作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为治疗组和对照组各62例,两组均给予饮食、运动、健康教育等基础干预,在此基础上对照组给予前列地尔治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上联合银杏叶提取物治疗。观察两组中医症候积分、眩晕情况、临床疗效、血液流变学、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)以及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和白介素-6(IL-6)水平。结果治疗后两组中医症候积分、DARS、DHI积分、纤维蛋白原、全血黏度高切值、血浆黏度、全血黏度低切值、MDA、TNF-α、IL-6显著低于治疗前(P 0. 05),且治疗组显著低于对照组(P 0. 05);治疗组总有效率90. 32%显著高于对照组75. 81%(P 0. 05);两组SOD显著高于治疗前(P 0. 05),且治疗组显著高于对照组(P 0. 05)。结论银杏叶提取物联合前列地尔能够有效改善血管源性眩晕患者氧化应激和炎症因子水平,提高临床疗效。     

中药周期疗法治疗慢性盆腔炎患者疗效观察

目的:探讨中药周期疗法治疗慢性盆腔炎患者疗效观察。方法:选取本院2013年12月—2015年12月妇产科收治的146例慢性盆腔炎患者为研究对象,对照组予静滴抗生素治疗,观察组在对照组基础上联合中药周期疗法。比较两组血清IL-2、TNF-α水平及CRP等炎症因子水平及全血比黏度(低切)、全血比黏度(高切)、血浆比黏度、纤维蛋白原水平、红细胞聚集指数等血液流变学指标。结果:观察组患者总有效率为87.67%,高于对照组患者总有效率72.60%;治疗前观察组IL-2、TNF-α及CRP分别为(3.12±0.37)ng/m L、(4.27±0.14)ng/m L、(33.28±5.36)g/L,治疗后观察组IL-2、TNF-α及CRP分别为(5.84±1.47)ng/m L、(1.23±0.18)ng/m L、(5.48±3.29)g/L;治疗前对照组IL-2、TNF-α及CRP分别为(3.24±0.38)ng/m L、(4.09±0.32)ng/m L、(32.74±5.08)g/L;治疗后对照组IL-2、TNF-α及CRP分别为(4.28±0.89)ng/m L、(2.35±0.42)ng/m L、(11.25±4.67)g/L;治疗后两组患者CRP及TNF-α均较前下降,且观察组更低,IL-2均较治疗前升高,且观察组升高更明显,差异有统计学意义;治疗前观察组全血比黏度(低切)、全血比黏度(高切)、血浆比黏度、纤维蛋白原水平、红细胞聚集指数分别为(15.6±1.4)、(5.1±0.3)、(2.4±0.8)、(4.9±0.5)、(5.5±1.6),治疗后上述指标分别为(9.4±1.4)、(3.5±0.4)、(1.0±0.3)、(2.3±0.3)、(2.3±0.6);治疗前对照组全血比黏度(低切)、全血比黏度(高切)、血浆比黏度、纤维蛋白原水平、红细胞聚集指数分别为(15.73±2.1)、(5.0±0.6)、(2.1±1.0)、(4.8±0.6)、(5.4±0.7),治疗后上述指标分别为(10.6±2.9)、(3.7±0.6)、(1.4±0.5)、(2.9±0.4)、(3.4±0.8);治疗后,两组患者血液流变学均较前下降,且在血浆比黏度、纤维蛋白原水平、红细胞聚集指数方面,观察组较对照组更低,差异有统计学意义。结论:中药周期疗法可以改善慢性盆腔炎患者血液流变学,降低炎性因子水平,提高疗效。     

益肾导邪解毒汤联合前列地尔治疗糖尿病肾病临床研究

目的:观察益肾导邪解毒汤联合前列地尔治疗糖尿病肾病的临床疗效。方法:102例糖尿病肾病患者按照抽签方式分为对照组和观察组,均51例。予对照给组前列地尔治疗,观察组在对照组治疗基础上给予益肾导邪解毒汤。比较两组治疗前后血肌酐(serum creatinine,Scr)、24小时尿蛋白定量(24-hour urinary protein quantity,24 h UPRO)、胱抑素C、血液流变学(血浆黏度、全血黏度)、血尿素氮(blood urea nitrogen,BUN)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、血清超敏C反应蛋白(high-sensitivity c-reactive protein,hs-CRP)的变化,并比较两组临床疗效。结果:治疗前,观察组的Scr、24 h UPRO、胱抑素C、血浆黏度、全血黏度、BUN、TNF-α、hs-CRP与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);经治疗,对照组和观察组的Scr、24 h UPRO、胱抑素C、血浆黏度、全血黏度、BUN、TNF-α、hs-CRP均明显降低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组治疗后的Scr、24 h UPRO、胱抑素C、血浆黏度、全血黏度、BUN、TNF-α、hs-CRP均明显低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组的临床疗效明显优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:益肾导邪解毒汤联合前列地尔治疗糖尿病肾病临床疗效显著。     

金丹盆乐汤保留灌肠联合克林霉素治疗慢性盆腔炎患者的效果

目的:观察金丹盆乐汤保留灌肠联合克林霉素治疗慢性盆腔炎(CPID)患者的效果。方法:选取2019年1月至2021年12月该院收治的72例CPID患者进行前瞻性研究,按照随机数字表法分为对照组35例和观察组37例。对照组给予克林霉素治疗,观察组在对照组基础上联合金丹盆乐汤保留灌肠治疗。比较两组治疗前后炎性因子[肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-2(IL-2)]水平、盆腔积液深度、盆腔包块直径和血液流变学指标(全血高切黏度、全血低切黏度、血浆黏度)水平,以及不良反应发生率。结果:治疗后,两组TNF-α水平均低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组,两组IL-2水平均高于治疗前,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,两组盆腔积液深度均低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组,两组盆腔包块直径均小于治疗前,且观察组小于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,两组全血低切黏度、血浆黏度和全血高切黏度水平均低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:金丹盆乐汤保留灌肠联合克林霉素治疗CPID患者可改善炎性因子水平,降低血液流变学指标水平和盆腔积液深度,缩小盆腔包块直径,效果优于单纯克林霉素治疗。     

丹七软胶囊辅助治疗对急性出血性脑血管病患者血清炎性因子、凝血功能及血液流变学指标的影响

目的:探讨丹七软胶囊辅助治疗急性出血性脑血管病,对患者血清炎性因子、凝血功能及血液流变学指标的影响。方法:112例急性出血性脑血管病患者,依据随机数据表法分为对照组(n=57)和观察组(n=55),对照组患者在常规治疗基础上给予依达拉奉治疗,观察组患者在对照组患者治疗基础上再给予丹七软胶囊治疗。比较两组患者治疗前后血清炎性因子、凝血功能及血液流变学指标水平。结果:治疗前,两组患者炎性因子高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)和白介素-6(IL-6)、凝血功能纤维蛋白原(FIB)、凝血酶原时间(PT)及部分凝血酶原时间(APTT)和血液流变学指标(高切全血黏度、低切全血粘度及血浆黏度)水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,两组hs-CRP、TNF-α、IL-6、FIB、高切全血黏度、低切全血黏度及血浆黏度水平较组内治疗前,其水平均显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且观察组治疗后hs-CRP、TNF-α、IL-6、FIB、高切全血黏度、低切全血黏度及血浆黏度水平均显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与组内治疗前相比,治疗后两组的PT及APTT水平均显著升高(P<0.05),且观察组显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:丹七软胶囊辅助治疗急性出血性脑血管病,可有效降低患者血清炎性因子水平,改善其凝血功能及血液流变学指标,具有重要临床价值。     

耳后注射甲泼尼龙琥珀酸钠对突发性耳聋患者炎性因子的影响

目的观察耳后注射甲泼尼龙琥珀酸钠对突发性耳聋患者炎性因子的影响。方法 60例突发性耳聋患者分成两组,均给予金纳多105 mg/d、前列地尔注射液10μg/d,静脉滴注,甲钴胺0.5 mg/d,静脉推注。连续10 d。在此基础上,对照组甲泼尼龙琥珀酸钠40 mg/d,连续3 d;观察组耳后骨膜下注射甲泼尼龙琥珀酸钠(40 mg/ml)0.5 ml,1次/2 d,注射5次。观察临床疗效,比较血清白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)及丙二醛(MDA)水平。结果观察组临床总有效率明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P 0.05)。观察组血清中IL-6、TNF-α水平较对照组明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(P 0.05),SOD较对照组明显增加,MDA水平明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(P 0.05)。结论耳后注射甲泼尼龙琥珀酸钠对突发性耳聋临床疗效明显,能有效改善氧化应激水平,降低炎性因子,促进患者康复。     

针推治疗腰椎间盘突出症临床疗效观察

目的 观察针推治疗腰椎间盘突出症患者的临床疗效及对患者生活质量（QOL）的影响。方法将我院腰椎间盘突出症患者500例根据治疗方式不同分为对照组与观察组各250例。对照组采用腰痛贴、布洛芬缓释胶囊等常规治疗，观察组在对照组的基础上给予针灸推拿治疗。比较两组患者治疗前后的视觉模拟评分法（VAS）评分、Oswestry功能障碍指数（ODI）评分、生活质量（QOL）评分、外周血白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）水平，血液流变学相关指标变化，以及治疗后的临床疗效以及复发情况。结果 治疗后，观察组总有效率高于对照组（ P<0.05）；两组患者VAS值、ODI评分、血清TNF-和IL-6、全血比低切黏度、全血比高切黏度、红细胞聚集数和血沉均降低，生理功能、心理功能、社会功能及一般QOL评分均升高（ P<0.05）；且观察组VAS值、ODI评分、血清TNF-α和IL-6、全血比低切黏度、全血比高切黏度、红细胞聚集数和血沉均低于对照组（ P<0.05），生理功能、心理功能、社会功能及一般QOL评分均高于对照组（ P<0.05），复发与缓解情况优于对照组（ ...     

小剂量甲泼尼龙对肺炎支原体肺炎婴幼儿肿瘤坏死因子α水平的影响

目的 观察分析临床应用小剂量甲泼尼龙对肺炎支原体肺炎婴幼儿肿瘤坏死因子α水平的影响.方法 选取72例肺炎支原体肺炎患儿,按随机数字表法随机分为常规治疗组和干预治疗组,各36例,常规治疗组患儿进行常规临床治疗,干预治疗组在常规治疗组患儿治疗的基础上给予甲泼尼龙静脉滴注,同时随机选取同一时期在本院体检门诊体检的36例健康婴幼儿作为对照组,对比分析3组患儿血清肿瘤坏死因子α的水平.结果 干预治疗组患儿治疗总有效率明显高于常规治疗组(P<0.05),治疗前常规治疗组与干预治疗组患儿的血清TNF-α水平均明显高于对照组(P<0.05),治疗4 d、7 d后干预治疗组TNF-α水平较常规治疗组明显下降(P<0.05),治疗7 d后干预治疗组的TNF-α水平与对照组比较差异无统计学意义,而常规治疗组TNF-α水平仍明显高于对照组(P<0.05).结论 小剂量甲泼尼龙可明显降低肺炎支原体肺炎婴幼儿肿瘤坏死因子α水平,缓解机体的炎症反应,提高临床疗效,值得应用推广.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.