工作场所空气中氨测定方法的改进

<正>纳氏试剂分光光度法测定工作场所空气中氨(GBZ/T 160.29-2004),在实际测定过程中,由于采集的工作场所空气中有某些干扰物的存在,样品溶液加入纳氏试剂后有时会引起溶液浑浊,样品的吸光度值偏高。     

牛乳蛋白质的比色法测定

目前人们普遍采用半微量定氮测定牛乳中蛋白质的含量 [1] ,它的测定操作较复杂 ,分析周期较长 ,水蒸汽蒸溜消耗能源和试剂较多 ,在测定中滴定消耗的标准液较少 ,容易产生较大的分析误差。我们采用纳氏比色直接测定消解液中的铵氮含量 ,再换算成相应蛋白质的量 ,简化了操作 ,提高了分析方法的准确性。1　实验部分1 .1　实验原理 :牛乳中的有机物与硫酸和催化剂一同加热消解 ,蛋白质分解产生的氨与硫酸结合生成硫酸铵 ,在一定的碱性介质中形成氨 ,与纳氏试剂生成黄棕色化合物 ,在一定的波长下 ,吸光度与氨浓度符合朗勃 -比耳定理 ,据此进行定…     

改良双缩脲法测定血清总蛋白的方法与应用

目的探讨能消除脂质与葡聚糖双重干扰的血清总蛋白测定方法。方法用氢氧化钾代替Doumas法试剂中的氢氧化钠,使脂质的溶解度增大,以消除或减低脂质所致反应液混浊。优选调整酒石钾钠的浓度,以消除葡聚糖对测定的干扰。用正交法设计实验。优选氢氧化钾和酒石酸钾的最佳浓度。结果含氢氧化钾143mmol/L、酒石酸钾钠56.7mmol/L的改良试剂与含TG5.6mmol/L、葡聚糖60g/L的血清反应均不显混浊,可不做标本空白。TG>5.6mmol/L时,反应液混浊程度较Doumas法轻,可用标本空白纠正。对蛋白标准液和新鲜混合血清反应的吸收曲线相同。吸收峰530～560nm,最大峰值546nm,与Doumas法一致。改良试剂和Doumas试剂与蛋白反应的比吸光度分别为0.2992,0.3036L.g-1.cm-1。测定线性范围28～140g/L。回归方程y=0.8925 0.2727x,r=0.9995。与Doumas法平行测定外观正常的血清72例,结果无显著差异(t=0.99,P>0.2)。结论改良试剂性能稳定,成本低廉,既能消除脂质与葡聚糖的双重干扰,又保留了Doumas法的优点。适合手工、半自动和全自动生化分析仪测定血清总蛋白,应用效果满意。     

动物室氨浓度两种检测方法的对比

目的寻找方便、快捷、准确的实验动物环境中氨浓度检测方法。方法通过对《实验动物环境及设施》（GB14925-2001）中规定的纳氏试剂比色法和近年国内引进的Ammonia meter法两种检测室内的氨气浓度的方法比较研究。结果纳氏试剂比色法和Ammonia meter法检测结果存在差异显著性。结论在现阶段Ammonia meter法代替传统的纳氏试剂比色法的条件尚不成熟。同时,对实验采用方法进行说明。建议现行标准的吸收液浓度由0.5 mol/L修改为0.05 mol/L,吸收波长由500 nm修改为420 nm。     

可见-紫外分光光度法测定器械消毒液中甲醛、苯酚的含量

目的:用可见-紫外分光光度法测定甲醛、苯酚的含量.甲醛与乙酸铵-乙酰丙酮混合液混合后在热水浴中加热10分钟呈黄色溶液,在可见波长414nm处有最大吸收.苯酚水溶液在紫外波长270 nm处有最大吸收.结果:甲醛反应液在0.4～4.0μg/ml浓度范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9999,n=6),平均回收率为97.55%,RSD=0.81%.稳定性实验表明甲醛反应液在2小时内稳定.苯酚溶液在10～16μg/ml浓度范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9999,n=6),平均回收率99.27%,RSD=1.05%,苯酚溶液在24小时内稳定.结论:本方法可快速测定甲醛、苯酚含量,方法准确、灵敏.     

十种中药提取物对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制作用

目的:观察10种中药提取物对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制作用.方法:以麦芽糖为底物,观察10种中药提取物(500 g/L)对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制作用,设阿卡波糖为阳性对照.取反应液0.01 mL,用氧化酶法测定生成葡萄糖的浓度;另取反应液,采片j酶标仪测定吸光度,计算小同中药提取物对α-葡萄糖苷酶活性的抑制率.取3种对α-葡萄...     

白色念珠菌对Ca试剂的影响

酶试剂的有效存贮时间与环境中的细菌污染有关( 1) ,是因为酶试剂中有大量有机成分可被细菌所利用。然而 ,我室在使用 Ca试剂的过程中也发生了类似情况 ,现报道如下。1　试剂与仪器1 . 1　试剂 :上海申能公司生产的液体单一试剂。1 . 2　仪器 :日立 71 70 A全自动生化分析仪 ,贝克曼 - 70 0半自动生化分析仪。2　实验与结果我室在使用全自动生化分析仪 71 70 A测定 Ca时 ,连续两次在做每日质控前的定标时 ,仪器报警提示超标 ,查看定标时的工作曲线 ,其试剂空白的吸光度为 1 . 32 7,标准液 浓度为 2 . 2 5mmol/L,吸光度为 1 . 8561 ,标准…     

自制血清肌酐试剂用于GEMSTAR自动生化分析仪

<正> 我们配制GEMSTAR生化分析仪肌酐测定试剂,并随机抽取临床35份病人血清,以自制试剂与进口试剂作相关试验,精密度试验和回收试验。 测定原理 血清中肌酐与碱性苦味酸反应,生成桔红色苦味酸肌酐复合物(此谓Jaffe反应)。测定中,在混合后25秒到1分25秒之间的吸光度变化与样品肌酐浓度成正比(采用波长500mm)。     

酶水解-DNS比色法测定烟草中淀粉含量

目的: 烟草中淀粉经淀粉酶水解成单糖后,利用DNS比色法测定其还原糖并确定淀粉的含量.方法: 用DNS比色法取代传统经典的高锰酸钾滴定法测定烟叶中淀粉含量.结果: DNS试剂中的3,5-二硝基水杨酸与烟样中的还原糖共热生成的红棕色产物在反应后6 h内保持稳定,其吸光度在一定浓度范围内与还原糖含量成正比,可以稳定测定还原糖的含量,回收率98%～102%.结论: 与高锰酸钾滴定法比较,酶解DNS比色法的回收率高,成本低,特别适合大批量烟样淀粉含量的测定.     

一种简易快速制作浓度含量检索表的方法

<正> 在临床生化检验的许多项目中,都需要把标准工作曲线绘制成检索表。过去多用回归法或函数法计算后再绘制成检索表,这些方法都比较繁琐,本文根据吸光度(A)与标准液浓度的特有关系,用因数法制作浓度含量检索表,并与回归法和函数法进行了比较,三种方法均无显著性差异。(P>0.05)。因数法具有简易、快速、准确,实用于基层的特点,现介绍如下。计算方法:将已知含量的标准溶液稀释成一系列不同浓度的液体,分别测定其吸光度,然后用吸光度的总和除以浓度的总和,求出平均每一单位浓度的吸光度。在同样条件下,此数值是一个常数。用被测定液的吸光度除以此常数或乘以此常数的倒数,即得被测定液的浓度含量。根据这个原理,将一系列吸光度乘以该常数的倒数即得该物质的浓度含量检索表。计算举例:上海医学化验所的氰化血红蛋白(Hb)标准液在581比色计,50号滤色片,比色时所得的吸光度,见表1。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.