大鼠实验性口腔癌前病变模型的建立及意义

目的：观察致癌剂作用后大鼠口腔粘膜改变过程．方法：57只Wistar大鼠随机分为3组，即正常对照组(12只)、诱癌组(27只)和丙二醇组(18只)，诱癌组用O．5％4-硝基喹啉-1-氧化物(4-NQ0)丙二醇液涂抹腭中部每周3次，丙二醇组仅用丙二醇涂抹，正常对照组不处理．实验开始后第8，12和20周随机分别处死4，9及6只动物，并进行组织学及增殖指数评价．结果：随着4-NQ0涂药周次的增加，大鼠腭粘膜出现充血发红，增厚发白，细颗粒状，糜烂溃疡等改变，组织学上8周时大部份动物呈单纯增生(89．0％)，少部份呈异常增生改变；12周时所有动物呈轻到重度异常增生；20周时呈原位癌至高分化鳞癌的改变．增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)标记指数表明随着癌变发生，上皮细胞增殖指数也增加．结论：采用4-NQO可诱发大鼠腭粘膜发生与人类口腔鳞癌相似病损，12周时段可作为癌前病变模型．     

弥漫型胃癌组织中增殖细胞核抗原的表达

目的：研究弥漫型胃癌增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）的表达与肿瘤浸润，淋巴结转移的关系。方法：采用免疫组化法，对11例弥漫型胃癌组织中PCNA的表达水平进行检测，结果：112例弥漫型胃癌中96例（85．7％）PCNA阳性，粘膜及粘膜下肿瘤PCNA阳性率（28．6％）明显低于浆浆膜外肿瘤（93．0％），（P＜0．05），淋巴结转移组PCNA阳性率（82．0％）明显高于无淋巴结转移组（34．8％），淋巴结转移≥10枚淋巴结组PCNA阳性率（94．1％）明显高于＜10枚淋巴结组（42．9％）（P＜0．05）。结论L对胃癌组织进行PCNA蛋白的检测，有助于预测胃癌进展程度和诊断淋巴结转移，以及评估胃癌的预后。     

Ki-67蛋白表达在口腔粘膜白斑及鳞癌组织中的意义

目的：研究Ki-67蛋白在口腔粘膜斑及鳞癌组织中的表达，探讨粘膜白斑癌变有关机理。方法：对37例口爱粘膜白斑和20例鳞癌石蜡切片HE染色，观察病变类型。用免疫组织化学S－P法检测细胞Ki-67蛋白表达，并计算其细胞增殖率，结果：随着单纯增生性白斑，不典型增生性白斑和鳞癌形成，其细胞增殖率呈明显上升趋势（分别为20．54％，31．05％及42．05％），三者间两两比较差异均有显著性（P＜0．01）。结论：口腔粘膜白斑如出现较高细增殖率，应注意癌应的可能性。     

增殖细胞核抗原与口腔鳞癌预后的关系

对52例口脸粘膜鳞癌的石蜡包埋材料，用ABC法显示增殖细胞核抗原（Proliferating cell nuclear antigen,PCNA)的表达。根据PCNA表达的不同进行分级，其中阳性率＜25％为I级（低恶），25％－50％为Ⅱ级（中恶）＞50％为Ⅲ级（高恶）。结果表明，随PCNA分级从I－Ⅲ级生存率逐渐降低（P＜0．005）。PCNA分级在口腔粘膜鳞癌预后的判断有重要意义。     

CD44V6、PCNA在弥漫型胃癌中的表达与浸润、淋巴结转移的相关性分析

目的：研究胃癌CD44V6、PCNA的表达与肿瘤的分化、浸润及淋巴结转移的关系。方法：采用免疫组化的方法,对112例弥漫型胃癌组织中CD44V6、PCNA的表达水平进行检测。结果：112例弥漫型胃癌中41例（36．6％）CD44V6阳性,96例（85．7％）PCNA阳性,96例（85．7％）PCNA阳性。淋巴结转移组CD44V6阳性率76．4％,明显高于无转移组21．7％（P＜0．01）;淋巴结转移：≥10枚淋巴结组CD44V6表达（85．3％）明显高于＜10枚结巴组23．8％（P＜0．01）。粘膜及粘膜下肿瘤PCNA阳性率28．5％,明显低于肌层及浆膜外肿瘤的93．0％（P＜0．01）。结论：CD44V6、PCNA的表达可作为预测胃癌浸润和转移的较好指标。     

红外线与芦荟治疗外伤性软组织缺损的临床研究

目的探讨联合应用红外线和芦荟治疗外伤性皮肤软组织缺损的临床疗效。方法将我科2003年9月-2005年4月270例四肢开放损伤伴软组织缺损的患者采用三种不同的换药方法，将其随机分成三组，常规组：清创后0．5％碘伏消毒，常规伤口换药；芦荟组：清创后0．5％碘伏消毒再选用库拉索芦荟伤口外敷；芦荟加红外线组（后简称红芦组），清创后0．5％碘伏消毒，红外线照射15—20分钟，再选用库拉索芦荟伤口外敷。结果红芦组其伤口感染率及伤口愈合时间均明显低于常规组及芦荟组。各组间比较具有显著性差异（P〈0．05）结论选用红外线与芦荟治疗外伤性皮肤软组织缺损可缩短伤口愈合时间，降低伤口感染率，降低医疗费用，减轻患者的经济负担。     

鲜芦荟汁治疗Ⅱ级胸壁放射性皮炎的疗效观察

目的探讨库拉索芦荟（Aloebarbadensis Mill）鲜叶胶汁治疗Ⅱ级胸壁放射性皮炎的疗效。方法30例患者随机分组对照观察。对照组：常规护理。试验组：常规护理＋库拉索芦荟鲜叶胶汁外涂创面3-5：K／d。结果试验组创面的局部症状缓解和愈合的平均时间分别3d和6d左右,第1、2、周创面愈合率为87％和100％,无创面进展。两组差异有统计学意义（均P〈0．001）。两组创面晚期放射性皮炎发生率为10％和67％,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．001）。结论库拉索芦荟治疗Ⅱ级胸壁急性放射性皮炎有快速缓解局部症状、加快创面组织修复促进愈合,愈合后晚期放射性皮炎发生率低,疗效显著。     

间质化疗在头颈鳞癌放射治疗中的临床应用

目的：探讨化学粒子（中人氟安）配合放疗治疗以鼻咽癌为主的头颈鳞癌的临床疗效及毒性反应。方法：94例头颈鳞癌首发患者随机分为中人氟安粒子植入＋放疗N（SIRT）48例和单纯放疗组（RT）46例。SIRT组患者于放疗开始同时在瘤内植入中人氟安60～80mg／点，单点给药量不超过100mg；RT组患者只接受单纯放疗作为对照；两组放疗剂量和方法相同。结果：治疗4周后，SIRT组和RT组肿瘤平均缩小率分别为（76．7±15．2）％和（54．8±10．7）％，两组比较，差异有非常显著性（t=8．023，P〈0．01）；治疗8周后，两组肿瘤平均缩小率分别为（97．2±5．8）％和（84.3±20．1）％，两组比较，差异有非常显著性（t=4．272，P〈0．01）。治疗4周后和12周后，两组肿瘤CR率分别为16．7％和2．2％（X^2=5．699，P〈0．05）和89．6％和60．9％（X^2=10．479，P〈0．05），两组比较，差异均有显著性。全组患者未见感染、出血、神经损伤等并发症。结论：间质化疗在瘤内可持久保持较高药物浓度并降低了系统毒性反应，实现了靶点给药的目的，应用于头颈鳞癌放射治疗中，明显增强了疗效，患者耐受性良好，临床使用安全、方便，未见不良反应，有着广阔的发展前景。     

增殖细胞核抗原及凋亡相关基因蛋白在肺鳞癌中的表达及意义

目的分析PCNA、bcl—xl、bak蛋白在肺鳞癌中的表达，探讨其与肺鳞癌发生、发展的关系。方法应用免疫组化法对40例肺鳞癌组织中PCNA、bcl—xl、bak蛋白的表达进行观察和分析。结果PCNA在肺鳞癌中的阳性表达率显著高于正常支气管粘膜（P〈0．01）。bcl-xl在肺鳞癌中的阳性表达率显著高于正常支气管粘膜（P〈0．01）。bak在肺鳞癌中的阳性表达率显著低于正常支气管粘膜（P〈0．01）。随着肿瘤分化程度的降低，肺鳞癌中PCNA的阳性表达呈上升趋势，而bcl-xl及bak的阳性表达呈下降趋势。结论PCNA、Bcl-xl、bak都参与了肺鳞癌的形成和发展，因此，有效地控制细胞的增殖与凋亡，对肺鳞癌治疗有重要的研究价值，可为肺鳞癌的治疗提供新的思路。联合检测PCNA、bcl—xl、bak在评估肺鳞癌的发展及判断转移趋势方面均具有重要意义。     

维吾尔族口腔鳞癌患者HPV感染及PCNA表达的临床病理学意义

目的：探讨人乳头状瘤病毒（HPV）感染及增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）在维吾尔族口腔鳞癌中的异常表达与肿瘤病理生物学特征问的关系及临床意义，为有效防治口腔鳞癌提供实验科学依据。方法：对66例维吾尔族口腔鳞癌标本应用免疫组化（LSAB）法检测PCNA的表达及变化，采用PCR技术检测HPV感染率。结果：PCNA在口腔鳞癌中阳性率为84．8％，在口腔正常组织中阳性率为16．7％，两者差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。HPV在口腔鳞癌中阳性率为42．4％．在口腔正常组织中阳性率为8．3％，两者差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：（1）PCNA在细胞内的过度表达可能在口腔鳞状上皮组织良性病变的恶性转化过程起关键性的作用，可对良、恶性病变从分子水平进行评估，并可作为早期诊断及临床治疗鳞癌的分子生物学指标。（2）HPV16、18型感染与口腔鳞癌的发生密切相关，可能是口腔鳞癌发生中的重要环节。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.