复合膳食纤维对大鼠降脂效果观察

目的：制备复合膳食纤维（dietary fiber,DF），并探讨其与3种单一 的DF对高脂血症大鼠体内脂类含量的影响。方法：健康、雌性、断乳Wistar大鼠48只，按体重随机分为6组，用高脂饲料诱发高酯血症的同时，分别添加10％的DF：纤维素（B组）、果胶（C组）、海藻酸钠（D组）、纤维素－果胶复合物（E组）、纤维素－海藻酸钠复合物（F组），以单纯的高脂饲料组为对照组（A组），8周后观察各种DF对大鼠的生长发育及脂类代谢的影响。结果：（1）添加10％的各种DF不影响大鼠的生长发育。（2）与对照组比，各种DF中不同程度降低大鼠脂质水平，且以复合物效果为佳。（3）各种DF可不同程度地增加粪重和粪酯排出量（P＜0．05，D组除外），以复合物为明显。（4）相关分析显示，血清TC、TG、LDL－C含量与粪脂含量呈负相关（P＜0．01）。结论：各种DF皆可不同程度地降低大鼠体内脂类含量，春中可溶性DF效果优于不可溶性DF，而复合DF的效果又优于单一的DF。     

复合膳食纤维对大鼠生长发育和红细胞膜流动性的影响

目的 :　制备复合膳食纤维 (AFC) ,并分别探讨其与三种单一的膳食纤维 (DF)对高脂血症大鼠生长发育和红细胞膜流动性的影响。方法 :　健康、雌性、断乳 Wistar大鼠 48只 ,按体重随机分为 6组 ,用高脂饲料诱发高脂血症的同时 ,分别添加 1 0 %的 DF:纤维素、果胶、海藻酸钠、(纤维素 -果胶复合膳食纤维 ) AFC1、(纤维素 -海藻酸钠复合膳食纤维 ) AFC2 ,高脂饲料组 (对照组 ) ,观察各种 DF对大鼠的生长发育、粪脂排出量及脂质过氧化、红细胞膜流动性的影响。结果 :1 .添加 1 0 %的各种 DF不影响大鼠的生长发育。 2 .各种 DF可不同程度地增加粪重和粪脂排出量(P<0 .0 5 ,除海藻酸钠组外 ) ,以 AFC为明显。 3 .各种 DF皆可显著升高血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD) (P<0 .0 1 )、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GSH-Px)活性 (P<0 .0 1 ) ,降低丙二醛 (MDA)水平 (P<0 .0 5 ,除纤维素、海藻酸钠组外 ) ,提高红细胞膜的流动性 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,以 AFC为明显。结论 :　各种 DF皆可不同程度地增加粪脂排出量、提高红细胞膜的流动性 ,其中可溶性 DF效果优于不可溶性 DF,而 AFC的效果又优于单一的 DF。     

谷豆复合物、谷豆复合膳食纤维及单一谷物膳食纤维对脂代谢紊乱的影响

目的观察谷豆复合物、谷豆复合膳食纤维和全谷物玉米膳食纤维(DF)对脂代谢紊乱大鼠血脂及肝脏脂肪酸合成酶(FAS)活性,及其对大鼠肝组织固醇调节元件结合蛋白-1c(SREBP-1c)mRNA表达的影响,比较谷豆复合物、谷豆复合DF与单一谷物DF改善脂毒性效果。方法 50只SD大鼠适应性喂养1周后,随机分成阴性对照组、高脂模型组、谷豆复合物组、谷豆复合DF组和玉米DF组;以相应的饲料连续喂养8周后,测定各组大鼠总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、空腹血糖(FBG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和FAS等指标,测定各组大鼠肝脏SREBP-1c mRNA的表达。结果与阴性对照组相比,高脂模型组的大鼠血清TC、TG水平显著升高(P0.05);与高脂模型组相比,谷豆复合物组、谷豆复合DF组和玉米DF组大鼠血清TC、TG水平显著降低(P0.05);HDL-C水平显著高于高脂模型组,大鼠肝脏脂肪酸合成酶活性及SREBP-1c的表达显著降低。结论谷豆复合膳食纤维可改善脂代谢紊乱大鼠的血脂水平,降低FAS活性及SREBP-1c的表达水平。     

膳食纤维不同成分对大鼠脂质代谢的影响

本文观察了3种不同膳食纤维(DF)制成品(纤维素、果胶、琼脂)对高胆固醇膳大鼠脂质代谢的影响。结果发现:果胶和纤维素组自实验2周末,琼脂组于6周末与对照组相比有明显的降低血清TC作用;3种DF均有不同程度降低肝胆固醇作用;各组血清TG、HDL-C,HDL_2-C,HDL_3-C间无显著差异;纤维素组和果胶组HDL-C/TC比值明显高于对照组。3种DF均可使大鼠排粪量增加,对大鼠摄食量及生长无影响。     

甲鱼蛋粉混合物对高脂模型大鼠血脂的影响

目的　研究甲鱼蛋粉混合物 (红花油、维生素E、大蒜粉、甲鱼蛋粉 )对高脂血症大鼠血脂的调节作用。方法　将 5 0只健康雄性SD大鼠按体重和血清胆固醇水平随机分成 5组 ,分别接受正常饲料、高脂饲料、高脂饲料加甲鱼蛋粉混合物 (低、中、高剂量分别为 0 5、1 5、5 0g kgBW )灌喂处理 ,7周结束 ,测定血清胆固醇 (TC)、甘油三酯 (TG)低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL C)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL C)。结果　与高脂饲料组相比 ,甲鱼蛋粉混合物能降低高脂血症大鼠TC、TG和LDL C ,其中高剂量组具有显著性 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　研究结果表明甲鱼蛋粉混合物具有降低高脂血症大鼠血脂的作用。     

优化复合纤维配伍沙棘果渣对高胆固醇血症大鼠脂代谢的影响

[目的]研究优化复合纤维配伍沙棘果渣对高胆固醇血症大鼠脂代谢的长期影响,探讨沙棘果渣的降脂作用. [方法]断乳SD大鼠32只,雌雄各半,经高脂饲料诱导成高脂血症模型后,按体重和血浆总胆固醇均衡的原则分为4组,A、B组分别为高脂饲料对照组和正常饲料对照组,C组为5%的优化复合纤维组,D组为4%沙棘果渣+5%的优化复台纤维组.实验期3个月末,观察各组大鼠血清、肝脏脂质和粪胆汁酸代谢的变化. [结果]优化复合纤维细可显著降低大鼠的体重(P＜0.05),优化复台纤维组和添加沙辣果渣组均可显著降低大鼠的血浆总胆固醇和肝脏胆固酯水平(P＜0.05),但添加沙棘果渣组的降脂效果更优(P＜0.05);添加沙棘果渣组大鼠粪胆汁酸的含量显著低于优化复合纤维组(P＜0.05). [结论]沙棘果渣配伍优化复合纤维对高脂血症大鼠具有长期稳定的降脂效果,且降脂效果优于优化复合纤维.     

含富硒平菇和纤维素的植物性饲料对高脂血症大鼠的血脂和脂质过氧 …

流行病学资料表明 ,高脂膳食和体内脂质过氧化的程度与心血管疾病、癌症等密切相关 ,纤维素和蘑菇的降脂作用已经得到许多实验的证实。硒作为抗氧化营养素可以抑制脂质过氧化反应 [1 ,2 ] ,膳食纤维也可使实验动物体内脂质过氧化程度显著降低 [3 ] 。本实验在诱发大鼠高脂血症以后 ,分别在植物性饲料中加入纤维素和富硒平菇 ,观察它们对高脂血症大鼠脂质代谢和脂质过氧化作用的影响 ,为通过饮食降低血脂、预防冠心病和动脉粥样硬化的发生提供参考。1　材料与方法1.1　实验动物雄性断乳 Wistar大鼠 2 8只 ,体重 15 0～ 180 g,由河北医科大学…     

含富硒平菇和纤维素的植物性饲料对高脂血症大鼠的血脂和脂质过氧化作用的影响

流行病学资料表明,高脂膳食和体内脂质过氧化的程度与心血管疾病、癌症等密切相关,纤维素和蘑菇的降脂作用已经得到许多实验的证实.硒作为抗氧化营养素可以抑制脂质过氧化反应[1,2],膳食纤维也可使实验动物体内脂质过氧化程度显著降低[3].本实验在诱发大鼠高脂血症以后,分别在植物性饲料中加入纤维素和富硒平菇,观察它们对高脂血症大鼠脂质代谢和脂质过氧化作用的影响,为通过饮食降低血脂、预防冠心病和动脉粥样硬化的发生提供参考.     

果胶对大鼠血脂及抗氧化功能的影响

目的 研究不同剂量的果胶对高脂血症大鼠的血脂及抗氧化功能的影响。方法 根据血清总胆固醇和体重将Wistar大鼠随机分为5组，以正常饲料和高脂饲料为对照组，低、中、高剂量组分别喂饲不同水平(5％，10％，20％)的果胶，测定血脂和抗氧化功能指标。结果 各剂量水平果胶均可显著降低大鼠的摄食；同高脂对照组相比。中剂量和高剂量组大鼠血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三脂(TG)水平显著降低。且中剂量组血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平提高，各剂量组血清丙二醛(MDA)水平均降低，低剂量组和中剂量组的血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)水平无显著性变化。结论 果胶对高脂血症大鼠的血脂有调节作用，并且降低其体内的脂质过氧化水平；高剂量果胶对大鼠机体产生副作用。     

修饰柑橘果胶对高脂血症大鼠脂质过氧化调节作用的研究

目的探讨修饰柑橘果胶(modified citrus pectin,MCP)对高脂血症大鼠脂质过氧化作用的研究。方法将75只普通SD大鼠根据体重随机分为5组:正常对照组、模型对照组、MCP低剂量组(100 mg/kg.d)、MCP中剂量组(400 mg/kg.d)、MCP高剂量组(800 mg/kg.d),分别于实验的第3周和第6周观察大鼠体重、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、丙二醛(MDA)水平的变化。结果MCP高剂量组大鼠体重明显降低,MCP低剂量组、中剂量组及高剂量组均可显著提高SOD及GSH-Px的生物活性,并可显著降低脂质过氧化产物MDA的水平。结论MCP能减轻高脂血症大鼠体重并且对高脂血症大鼠具有一定的抗氧化作用。     

膳食纤维与限食作用对大鼠体内脂质过氧化作用的比较研究

比较３种膳食纤维与限食作用对大鼠体内脂质过氧化程度的影响，探讨膳食纤维抗氧化作用的机理。５０只Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠被随机分为５组，分别给予是伙食，其中３组分别添加１０％的３种膳食纤维（纤维素、麦麸、果胶），另一组为１０％限食组，其余一个组为对照组。大鼠喂养３个月后发现，膳食纤维各组在鼠粪便脂肪排出量增多，血清中及红细胞膜ＭＤ显著低于对照组（Ｐ〈０．０５），红细胞膜的流动性显著高于对照组（Ｐ，０．０５（     

魔芋精粉与几种常用膳食纤维降血脂效果比较及机理探讨

用含胆固醇1％、胆盐0.25％、猪油5％的高脂饲料喂饲健康雄性大鼠,诱发高脂血症的同时分别加入5％的魔芋精粉、果胶、褐藻胶及琼脂,观察此四种膳食纤维对大鼠生长、血清脂质含量、肝脏脂质含量及肝脏组织病理的不同影响,并通过测定粪中酸性固醇的排泄量来观察它们对胆汁酸代谢的影响。结果表明:1)四种膳食纤维均能有效地降低进食高脂膳食大鼠的空腹血清总胆固醇含量,对空腹血甘油三酯水平无影响;2)魔芋精粉能较其余三种膳食纤维更有效地降低肝脏组织脂质含量,包括胆固醇及甘油三酯。肝组织病理学检查亦显示魔芋精粉减轻肝脂变效果最佳;3)四种膳食纤维均能增加粪中胆汁酸尤其是鹅脱氧胆酸的排泄量,推测这可能是它们降低机体脂质的机理之一;4)四种膳食纤维在5％摄入水平对大鼠摄食及生长无不良影响。     

Sea tangle supplementation lowers blood glucose and supports antioxidant systems in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease associated with serious complications that may be linked to increased lipid peroxidation. This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation of sea tangle on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant systems in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups (n = 10 each) fed AIN76-based diets with either sea tangle powder, water extract of sea tangle, or sodium alginate, or a control diet with no supplement. On day 21 after beginning the diets, rats received intramuscular injections of STZ (45 mg/kg of body weight) to induce diabetes. Experimental diet feeding was continued for 3 more weeks. Dietary supplementation with water extract of sea tangle resulted in lower plasma glucose compared with the control and sodium alginate groups. There was no significant difference in plasma and hepatic lipid peroxides among the groups. Sea tangle and sodium alginate did not affect activities of catalase and glutathione peroxidase; however, supplementation of water extract of sea tangle resulted in higher superoxide dismutase activity as compared with the control and sodium alginate groups. The plasma concentration of alpha-tocopherol increased in the sea tangle water extract group, but the hepatic concentration of alpha-tocopherol was not affected by dietary supplementation. Plasma retinol was not different among experimental groups. In conclusion, our results showed that water extract of sea tangle reduces plasma glucose and protects the antioxidant system in diabetic rats. These results suggest that water extract of sea tangle contains unknown physiologically active components, other than alginic acid, that may exert a protective effect against diabetes.     

Supplementation of broccoli or Bifidobacterium longum–fermented broccoli suppresses serum lipid peroxidation and osteoclast differentiation on alveolar bone surface in rats fed a high-cholesterol diet

High-cholesterol diet enhances osteoclastic activity on alveolar bone by increasing serum lipid peroxidation. We hypothesized that supplementation with dietary antioxidants, such as found in broccoli and its fermented products, might suppress increases in serum lipid peroxidation, contributing to the inhibition of osteoclastic activity after high-cholesterol diet intake. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of broccoli and fermented broccoli consumption on serum lipid peroxidation and osteoclast differentiation in alveolar bone of rats fed a high-cholesterol diet. In this 12-week study, rats were divided into 4 groups (n = 6/group): a control group (fed regular diet) and 3 experimental groups (fed a high-cholesterol [1% wt/wt] diet, or a high-cholesterol diet supplemented with either broccoli powder [5% wt/wt] or Bifidobacterium longum–fermented broccoli powder [5% wt/wt]). Serum hexanoyl-lysine (HEL) levels were measured as a parameter of lipid peroxidation. The number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)–positive osteoclasts in alveolar bone was enumerated to evaluate osteoclast differentiation. When compared with regular diet, the high-cholesterol diet increased serum HEL levels and resulted in a higher number of TRAP-positive osteoclasts at 12 weeks. The high-cholesterol diet supplemented with broccoli or B. longum–fermented broccoli showed lower levels of serum HEL and fewer TRAP-positive osteoclasts than the high-cholesterol diet at 12 weeks. In conclusion, consumption of broccoli, or its fermented product, inhibited the effects of a high-cholesterol diet on osteoclast differentiation in rat alveolar bone by suppressing serum lipid peroxidation.     

Dietary sesame lignans decrease lipid peroxidation in rats fed docosahexaenoic acid

We have previously reported that dietary sesamin and sesaminol, major lignans of sesame seed, elevate the alpha-tocopherol concentration and decrease the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) concentration in the plasma and liver of rats. In this study, the effects of dietary sesamin and sesaminol on the lipid peroxidation in the plasma and tissues of rats fed docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6 n-3) were examined. Male Wistar rats (4-wk-old) were divided into the following six experimental groups: control group, fed a basal diet: sesamin group, fed a diet with sesamin (2 g/kg); sesaminol group, fed a diet with sesaminol (2 g/kg); DHA group, fed a diet containing DHA (5 g/kg); DHA + sesamin group, fed a diet containing DHA with sesamin; and DHA + sesaminol group, fed a diet containing DHA with sesaminol. Each diet contained either 0.01 or 0.05 g D-alpha-tocopherol/kg, and the rats were fed the respective experimental diet for 5 wk. The dietary DHA elevated the TBARS concentration and also increased the red blood-cell hemolysis induced by the dialuric acid. The dietary sesamin and sesaminol lowered the TBARS concentrations and decreased the red blood hemolysis. The dietary sesamin and sesaminol elevated the alpha-tocopherol concentrations in the plasma, liver, and brain of the rats fed a diet with or without DHA. These results suggest that dietary sesame lignans decrease lipid peroxidation as a result of elevating the alpha-tocopherol concentration in rats fed DHA.     

Influence of cow or goat milk consumption on antioxidant defence and lipid peroxidation during chronic iron repletion

Despite Fe deficiency and overload having been widely studied, no studies are available about the influence of milk consumption on antioxidant defence and lipid peroxidation during the course of these highly prevalent cases. The objective of the present study was to assess the influence of cow or goat milk-based diets, either with normal or Fe-overload, on antioxidant defence and lipid peroxidation in the liver, brain and erythrocytes of control and anaemic rats after chronic Fe repletion. Weanling male rats were randomly divided into two groups: a control group receiving a normal-Fe diet (45 mg/kg) and an anaemic group receiving a low-Fe diet (5 mg/kg) for 40 d. Control and anaemic rats were fed goat or cow milk-based diets, either with normal Fe or Fe-overload (450 mg/kg), for 30 or 50 d. Fe-deficiency anaemia did not have any effect on antioxidant enzymes or lipid peroxidation in the organs studied. During chronic Fe repletion, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was higher in the group of animals fed the cow milk diet compared with the group consuming goat milk. The slight modification of catalase and glutathione peroxidise activities in animals fed the cow milk-based diet reveals that these enzymes are unable to neutralise and scavenge the high generation of free radicals produced. The animals fed the cow milk diet showed higher rates of lipid peroxidation compared with those receiving the goat milk diet, which directly correlated with the increase in SOD activity. It was concluded that goat milk has positive effects on antioxidant defence, even in a situation of Fe overload, limiting lipid peroxidation.     

Grape skin improves antioxidant capacity in rats fed a high fat diet

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary grape skin on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense system in rats fed high fat diet. The Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either control (5% fat) diet or high fat (25% fat) diet which was based on AIN-93 diet for 2 weeks, and then they were grouped as control group (C), control + 5% grape skin group (CS), high-fat group (HF), high fat + 5% grape skin group (HFS) with 10 rats each and fed corresponding diets for 4 weeks. The hepatic thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS) were increased in high fat group as compared with control group, but reduced by grape skin. The serum total antioxidant status, and activities of hepatic catalase and superoxide dismutase, xanthine oxidase and glucose-6-phosphatase were increased by supplementation of grape skin. Glutathione peroxidase activity was significantly higher in CS group than in C group. Grape skin feeding tended to increase the concentration of total glutathione, especially in control group. The ratio of reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione was lower in high fat groups than in control groups. The ratio was increased by dietary supplementation of grape skin in control group. These results suggest that dietary supplementation of grape skin would be effective on protection of oxidative damage by lipid peroxidation through improvement of antioxidant defense system in rats fed high fat diet as well as rats with low fat diet.     

孕期铁营养不良对成年大鼠血脂与脂质过氧化影响的实验研究

目的:通过建立大鼠孕期铁营养不良模型探讨孕期低铁干预对成年大鼠脂质过氧化及血脂的影响。方法:将健康Wistar雌性大鼠随机分为二组,实验组(即低铁组)饲喂低铁饲料(含铁7.4 mg/kg);对照组饲喂加铁饲料(含铁274 mg/kg)。与健康成年Wistar雄鼠同笼交配2周(即孕1周)后,开始铁干预至子鼠出生后23周时转至普通颗粒饲料喂养即铁平衡期,持续8个月测定大鼠血浆甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、脂蛋白a[LP(a)]、游离脂肪酸(FFA),血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力和丙二醛(MDA)。结果:实验组与对照组相比成年期大鼠铁蛋白(SF)、FFA、SOD升高;HDL降低(P<0.05)。结论:孕期铁营养不良可造成成年大鼠对脂代谢的调节能力下降,出现血脂紊乱,促进体内脂质过氧化反应的同时抗氧化酶类SOD活性上升。