PDTC对缺氧/再给氧时血管内皮细胞ICAM-1,VCAM-1表达的作用

目的为研究心肌缺血-再灌注损伤的机制和治疗途径,检测血管内皮细胞缺氧/再给氧后细胞间黏附分子-1(intracellular adhesion molecule 1,ICAM-1)和血管细胞黏附分子-1(vascular cell adhesion molecule 1,VCAM-1)的表达,探讨抗氧化剂吡咯烷二硫氨基甲酸酯(pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate,PDTC)对血管内皮细胞表面细胞黏附分子表达的抑制作用.方法将培养的人胚肾血管内皮细胞分为3组,缺氧组:细胞经过缺氧/再给氧处理;PDTC组:在缺氧前于培养液中加入PDTC;对照组:未经处理.以多光子激光共聚焦显微镜分别检测3组细胞ICAM-1、VCAM-1的表达情况.结果对照组内皮细胞表面ICAM-1和VCAM-1呈较低表达,缺氧组呈较高表达;PDTC组ICAM-1和VCAM-1的表达明显低于缺氧组,但仍高于对照组.结论缺氧/再给氧促进内皮细胞活化,增强细胞黏附分子的表达,抗氧化剂PDTC能有效降低ICAM-1和VCAM-1的表达,为心肌缺血-再灌注损伤的治疗提供理论基础.     

大鼠肾缺血再灌注损伤中ICAM-1表达的变化

目的:观察细胞间黏附分子-1(intercellular adhesion molecule-1,ICAM-1)在大鼠肾缺血再灌注(ischemia/reperfusion,I/R)不同时间点表达的变化并与肾功能恶化程度做相关性分析,从而探讨ICAM-1在肾I/R损伤中所起的作用.方法:应用苦味酸法和二乙酰一肟反应法测定大鼠肾I/R不同时间点血肌酐和尿素氮值, HE染色光镜下观察石蜡包埋切片肾组织损伤的形态学改变,免疫组化法分析ICAM-1在肾I/R不同时间点表达的变化.结果:肾功能检测发现, 再灌注1 h后血肌酐和尿素氮值开始增高和正常对照组比较有统计学差异(P＜0.05),12 h达峰值.HE染色光镜下观察肾组织细胞以近端肾小管变性、坏死为主,I/R各时间点肾组织病理损伤变化与肾功能变化规律相一致.再灌注后早期ICAM-1表达以内皮细胞为主,后期肾脏各部均可表达,小管上皮尤甚.肾脏表达的ICAM-1与肾功能恶化程度存在明显的正相关(P＜0.01).结论:I/R早期肾脏即有ICAM-1表达,其表达量与肾功能恶化程度呈正相关,提示ICAM-1在肾I/R损伤发病机制中起促进作用.     

青藤碱对UUO小鼠肾组织间质纤维化与炎症因子表达的干预作用

目的：通过抗风湿药青藤碱对UUO小鼠肾组织α-平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-smooth muscle actin,α-SMA）、炎症介质细胞间黏附分子（intercellular adhesion molecule1,ICAM-1）、单核细胞趋化因子（monocyte chemoattractant protein1,MCP-1）表达的影响,探讨其防治肾间质纤维化作用及其机制。方法：实验采用小鼠单侧输尿管结扎（UUO）模型,用不同剂量青藤碱进行干预,用血管紧张素受体抑制剂蒙诺作为对照。肾脏病理用HE和Masson染色;肾组织α-SMA表达采用免疫组化;ICAM-1蛋白质表达采用Western-blotting方法检测;MCP-1基因表达采用逆转录-聚合酶链式反应（RT-PCR）方法。结果：UUO模型组小鼠肾间质纤维化程度以及肾组织α-SMA的表达较假手术组显著增高,肾小管间质中炎细胞浸润亦较假手术组显著增强;青藤碱各治疗组肾间质纤维化程度、α-SMA和ICAM-1蛋白、MCP-1基因表达均显著低于模型组;蒙诺治疗亦可显著降低肾间质纤维化程度和肾组织α-SMA的表达,但对于炎细胞浸润和炎症因子抑制作用显著较青藤碱弱。而且未见其具有抑制ICAM-1表达的作用。结论：抗风湿药青藤碱可显著抑制肾间质纤维化和肌成纤维细胞的积聚,可能与其显著抑制肾组织炎症因子的表达及炎细胞浸润有关。     

CTGF和TGF-β_1在乙肝病毒相关性肾炎中的表达及其意义

目的：观察CTGF及其上游因子TGF-β1在乙肝病毒相关性肾炎（HBV-GN）肾组织中的表达情况,探讨它们在HBV-GN进展中的作用。方法：采用免疫组化检测87例HBV-GN患者肾活检组织中CTGF和TGF-β1的表达,进行半定量评分,分析其与临床病理指标的相关性。结果：87例中膜性肾病（MN）35例、系膜增生性肾小球肾炎（MsPGN）26例、膜增生性肾小球肾炎（MPGN）11例I、gA肾病（IgAN）9例及其他类型6例。正常肾组织CTGF和TGF-β1呈微弱表达或不表达,HBV-GN肾组织中CTGF和TGF-β1的表达明显高于对照组,不同病理类型中CTGF和TGF-β1的表达差异有统计学意义,CTGF和TGF-β1的表达与肾小管间质病变程度及肾小球的病变程度成正相关。结论：在HBV-GN中CTGF和TGF-β1参与其间质纤维化和疾病的进展。     

n-3多不饱和脂肪酸预防同种异体移植血管硬化的作用

目的研究n-3多不饱和脂肪酸预防同种异体移植血管硬化的作用。方法SD和Wistar大鼠各240只,随机配对成240对建立颈总动脉同种异体移植血管模型,并随机平均分成4组,每组60对。对照组:术前、术后未喂食n-3多不饱和脂肪酸;A组:术前2周始喂食n-3多不饱和脂肪酸600mg/kg(以EPA含量计,下同),直至摘取标本;B组:喂食300mg/kg;C组:喂食150mg/kg。分别于术后1、7、14、21和28d摘取受者移植血管,观察移植血管在活体的搏动情况,HE染色光学显微镜下观察移植血管的组织学病理改变,电子显微镜观察移植血管的超微结构变化,免疫组织化学染色检测细胞间黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)、血管细胞黏附分子-1(VCAM-1)和细胞核因子κB(NF-κB)在移植血管的表达。结果对照组术后7d移植血管开始有病理改变,28d时最为明显,管腔已基本堵塞;A组、B组、C组移植血管的病理改变均较对照组迟缓,管腔通畅率优于对照组。对照组ICAM-1,VCAM-1,NF-κB的表达较A组、B组和C组明显增强(P<0.05)。移植术后1d、7dICAM-1、VCAM-1、NF-κB的表达A组、B组、C组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),移植术后14、21和28d的表达C组较A组、B组明显增强(P<0.05),而A组与B组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论n-3多不饱和脂肪酸能够预防同种异体移植血管硬化,表现为移植血管病理改变发生迟缓,管腔通畅率高,ICAM-1,VCAM-1和NF-κB的表达减弱,n-3多不饱和脂肪酸以300mg/kg用量达到的效果最佳。     

乙型肝炎病毒相关性肾炎患者肾组织Notch1受体表达与临床病理的相关性

目的 观察Notch1受体在乙型肝炎病毒相关性肾炎（HBV-GN）患者肾组织中的表达分布特点,探讨其与肾组织病理及临床表现的相关性。 方法 以2008年至2010年经肾活检确诊的HBV-GN患者48例为研究对象。用免疫组化方法观察HBV-GN肾组织中Notch1受体的分布特征;免疫荧光双标观察Notch1受体与HBsAg的分布关系;分析其与病理类型、肾小球病变、肾小管病变及临床指标的关系。 结果 Notch1受体主要分布在肾小管上皮细胞及间质区域,呈棕红色颗粒状,肾小球内也有少量表达。HBV-GN组患者肾组织Notch1受体阳性积分显著高于血清HBsAg阳性或阴性的原发性肾小球肾炎患者及正常肾组织对照。系膜增生性肾小球肾炎（MsPGN）组和膜增生性肾小球肾炎（MPGN）组Notch1受体阳性积分较高,但各病理类型组间Notch1积分差异无统计学意义。Notch1受体分布与HBsAg分布一致,其强度与肾间质纤维化（r = 0.473,P = 0.001）、小管萎缩（r = 0.690,P = 0.000）、炎细胞浸润（r = 0.616,P = 0.000）等肾小管间质病变呈正相关;患者肾功能与Notch1受体阳性积分呈负相关（r = -0.393,P = 0.006)。 结论 HBV-GN患者肾组织Notch1受体的表达增强,主要分布在肾小管上皮细胞及间质,与HBsAg分布一致;其表达水平与肾间质病变和肾功能变化相关。Notch1受体表达异常可能参与了HBV-GN的肾脏病理的进展。     

抑制NF-κB对糖尿病大鼠肾组织ICAM-1表达的影响

目的:研究糖尿病大鼠肾组织细胞间黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)表达,以及用吡咯烷二硫氨基甲酸(PDTC)抑制核转录因子-κB(NF-κB)对其表达的影响.方法:用Wistar大鼠建立STZ诱导的糖尿病模型,设立正常对照组(NC组)、糖尿病组(DM组)、糖尿病PDTC干预组(DP组),8周末用免疫组化方法测定肾组织中ICAM-1含量;体外培养大鼠肾小管成纤维细胞(NRK),葡萄糖孵育下分6组:正常对照组、高糖1组、高糖2组合葡萄糖分别为5.6、15和30 mmol/L,干预1～3组在葡萄糖30 mmo/L基础上分别加入PDTC 5、10、20 μmol/L.24 h、48 h后采用RT-PCR及免疫细胞化学(ICC)法检测各组的ICAM-1表达情况.结果:8周末,DM组肾组织ICAM-1表达较NC组明显增高,DP组较DM组明显下降,但仍高于NC组.各组NRK细胞中,与正常组相比,高糖各组ICAM-1的mRNA和蛋白表达水平显著升高(P<0.05),且呈剂量时间依赖性;而不同浓度PDTC干预后,ICAM-1 mRNA和蛋白表达水平显著下降(P<0.05),而且与PDTC呈剂量时间依赖性.结论:无论在体内或体外实验中,抑制NF-κB可降低ICAM-1的表达.     

肾缺血-再灌注损伤大鼠SDF-1、ICAM-1表达与肾小管坏死评分的相关性研究

目的探讨肾缺血-再灌注损伤(IRI)大鼠基质细胞衍生因子(SDF)-1、细胞间黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)与肾小管坏死评分的相关性。方法将60只SD大鼠随机分成手术组、假手术组两组,每组各30只。根据手术后检测时间不同,每组再分为6个不同时段的亚组(1、6、12、24、48、72 h组),每个亚组有5只大鼠。手术组建立大鼠肾IRI模型,假手术组大鼠仅予游离双侧肾动脉后缝合切口。检测各个时间点肾功能、肾小管坏死评分及肾脏组织SDF-1、ICAM-1表达变化。对手术组大鼠肾组织SDF-1、ICAM-1表达与肾功能和肾小管坏死评分进行Pearson直线相关分析。结果手术组术后血尿素氮(BUN)、血清肌酐(Scr)较术前及相应时间段假手术亚组明显升高(均为P0.05),且于术后12 h显著升高,高峰期在术后48 h。手术组肾小管坏死评分随时间的延长逐渐增高(均为P0.05);肾小管坏死评分最高在手术48 h组(P0.05)。与手术1 h组比较,手术6 h组大鼠肾组织SDF-1、ICAM-1表达开始明显增多(均为P0.05);手术后48 h达高峰,于手术后72 h开始下降。手术组的肾组织SDF-1、ICAM-1表达与术后各时间段BUN、Scr、肾小管坏死评分呈正相关(r=0.614、0.662、0.751;0.640、0.703、0.785;均为P0.05)。结论当大鼠肾组织发生IRI时,SDF-1、ICAM-1表达上调,BUN、Scr升高,肾小管坏死评分升高,而且SDF-1、ICAM-1的表达与BUN、Scr、肾小管坏死评分呈正相关,提示SDF-1、ICAM-1表达增高程度可以作为反映肾IRI后严重程度的指标。     

心脏跳动中二尖瓣置换术心肌组织黏附分子的变化

目的观察心脏跳动中二尖瓣置换术围术期心肌细胞间黏附分子-1（ICAM-1）和血管细胞间黏附分子-1（VCAM-1）的表达。方法30例风湿性二尖瓣病变病人分为两组，试验组（浅低温下阻断主动脉）16例与对照组（中度低温阻断主动脉）14例。分别于CPB前、CPB后30min留取右心房标本，采用免疫组织化学技术检测心肌细胞上ICAM-1和VCAM-1的表达。结果与CPB前比较较，两组CPB后心肌细胞上ICAM-1和VCAM．1的表达明显升高（P〈0．01）。与对照组相比，试验组CPB后ICAM-1和VCAM-1的表达明显降低（P〈0．01）。结论心脏跳动中二尖瓣置换术对心肌细胞上黏附分子的影响较停跳手术少，减轻了术后的炎症反应。     

活化白细胞黏附分子在IgA肾病中的表达及意义

目的:探讨活化白细胞黏附分子(CD166)在IgA肾病中的表达及与IgA肾病临床病理特征的关系.方法:用免疫组化二步法检测CD166蛋白在79例IgA肾病患者肾组织的表达.结果:CD166在IgA肾病患者肾小管、间质普遍表达,按Lee分级的级别增加逐渐增高.与单纯性血尿患者(A组)相比,混合蛋白尿、血尿患者(B组)肾小管间质CD166表达明显增高.肾小管间质CD166表达与患者病理分级、小管间质病变、单个核细胞浸润程度及血清C反应蛋白(CRP)水平正相关.结论:CD166在IgA肾病中表达异常,在IgA肾病小管、间质病变及疾病进展中起一定作用.     

COL1A1, ESR1, VDR and TGFB1 polymorphisms and haplotypes in relation to BMD in Spanish postmenopausal women

Introduction and hypothesis Genetic studies of osteoporosis have focused on analysing single polymorphisms in individual genes – with inconclusive results. An alternative approach may involve haplotypes and gene-gene interactions. The aim of the study was to test the association between the COL1A1, ESR1, VDR and TGFB1 polymorphisms or haplotypes and bone mineral density (BMD) in Spanish postmenopausal women. Methods Sixteen polymorphisms were analysed in 719 postmenopausal women. ANOVA, ANCOVA and Xi² tests were used to perform the statistical analysis. Results COL1A1 -1997G > T (p = 0.04) and TGFB1 Leu10Pro (p = 0.02) were found to be associated with adjusted lumbar spine (LS) BMD. Interactions were observed between: the COL1A1 -1997 G/T and Sp1 polymorphisms (p < 0.01 for LS BMD) and the COL1A1 -1663 indelT and VDR ApaI polymorphisms (p < 0.01 for femoral neck (FN) BMD). The COL1A1 GDs and ESR1 LPX haplotypes were associated with FN BMD (p = 0.03 and p = 0.03). Conclusions Polymorphisms at COL1A1 and TGFB1 and haplotypes at COL1A1 and ESR1 were found to be associated with BMD in a cohort of postmenopausal Spanish women. Moreover, COL1A1 polymorphisms showed significant interactions among them and with the VDR 3′ polymorphisms.     

An in vitro and in vivo investigation of mellitate and ethane-1-hydroxy-1, 1-diphosphonate in calcium phosphate systems

Summary Comparisons of mellitate (MA) and ethane-1-hydroxy-1, 1-diphosphonate (EHDP) have been carried out in studies of enamel etching, calcium phosphate crystal growth and animal calculus deposition. In enamel etch studies at pH 5, 6, or 7 and after treatment times of 5 or 170 min, EHDP was less damaging to enamel surfaces than MA as determined by scanning electron microscopy, grazing angle electron diffraction, and quantitative etch solution analyses. Both MA and EHDP inhibited hydroxyapatite crystal growth, although EHDP was more effective than MA. The formation of a tricalcium mellitate surface phase is suggested as the basis of the MA crystal growth effect on apatite. Both MA and EHDP also inhibited rat calculus formation, but EHDP was more effective than MA. The relation between crystal growth inhibition, surface phase solubility, and anti-calculus activity is discussed and a generalized principal for determining an effective inhibitor of calculus is suggested.     

ICAM-1和VCAM-1测定在肾移植急性排斥反应中的临床意义

目的探讨血清可溶性细胞间粘附分子１（ｓＩＣＡＭ１）和可溶性血管细胞粘附分子１（ｓＶＣＡＭ１）在肾移植急性排斥反应中的临床意义。方法采用酶联免疫吸附法（ＥＬＩＳＡ）动态监测５６例肾移植患者术后ｓＩＣＡＭ１和ｓＶＣＡＭ１水平的变化。结果肾移植患者术后ｓＩＣＡＭ１和ｓＶＣＡＭ１水平呈规律性变化,急性排斥反应组ｓＩＣＡＭ１为（３９０．６±９１．０）ｎｇ／ｍｌ,ｓＶＣＡＭ１为（１９５７．１±４０３．１）ｎｇ／ｍｌ,明显高于移植肾功能稳定组的（１３７．３±１６．８）ｎｇ／ｍｌ、（１１１８．４±２１０．４）ｎｇ／ｍｌ和ＣｓＡ肾中毒组的（１３２．７±２４．８）ｎｇ／ｍｌ、（１２８５．８±２７０．５）ｎｇ／ｍｌ,差异有非常显著性（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论ｓＩＣＡＭ１和ｓＶＣＡＭ１可以作为肾移植术后急性排斥反应的免疫学监测指标。     

CyclinB1、CDK1在胃癌中的表达及其意义

目的:探讨胃癌发生中CyclinB1、CDK1表达异常及其临床病理学意义.方法:采用免疫组织化学ABC法检测CyclinB1、CDK1在15例正常胃组织、35例胃癌组织(其中15例为低分化腺癌,20例为中、高分化腺癌)中的表达.结果:CyclinB1、CDK1阳性表达多数定位于细胞质,少数在细胞核和细胞质中同时表达;在胃正常粘膜中CyclinB1、CDK1表达阳性率分别为13.3%(2/15)、6.7%(1/15),胃癌组织中表达阳性率分别为94.3%(33/35)、91.4%(32/35),有统计学意义(P＜0.01);在低分化腺癌、中高分化腺癌CyclinB1、CDK1均有表达,不同分化程度胃癌之间阳性表达差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论:CyclinB1、CDK1在不同分化程度胃癌中有过表达现象,可能是胃癌发生中早期分子事件,并可能对胃癌分化起重要作用.     

Impact of CYP1A1, GSTM1, and GSTT1 polymorphisms in overall and specific prostate cancer survival

ObjectivePrognostic biomarkers that distinguish between patients with good or poor outcome can be used to guide decisions of whom to treat and how aggressively. In this sense, several groups have proposed genetic polymorphisms as potential susceptibility and prognostic biomarkers; however, their validity has not been proven. Thus, the main goal of the present work was to investigate the potential role of single and combined CYP1A1, GSTM1, and GSTT1 genotypes as modifiers of cancer survival in Chilean patients with prostate cancer.Methods and materialsA total of 260 histologically confirmed patients were recruited from a voluntary screening, and genomic DNA was obtained from their blood samples for genotyping analyses to detect the CYP1A1*2A polymorphism and GSTM1 and GSTT1 deletions. The progression of illness and mortality were estimated with a median follow-up of 8.82 years. Adjusted estimated genotype risks were evaluated by hazard ratio and 95% CI using the Cox proportional model. In addition, the Kaplan-Meier survival method and log-rank test were used to evaluate patient survival with regard to genotype.ResultsThe 9-year overall and specific survival rates were 67.6% and 36.6% in the GSTT1null group, 67.6% and 58.7% in the GSTM1non-null group, 69.0% and 51.6% in the *1A/*2A group, 63.9% and 61.5% in the *2A/*2A group vs. 76.2% and 62.3% in the GSTT1non-null group, 82.3% and 50% in the GSTM1null group, and 83.7% and 56.3% in the *1A/*1A group, respectively. The hazard ratios and the Kaplan-Meier curve results demonstrate that the GSTM1non-null, GSTT1null, and CYP1A1*2A genotypes are significantly associated with mortality. Our study has two main limitations: a relatively small sample size and a low global mortality percentage (25.4%); thus, we need to continue the follow-up to confirm these findings.ConclusionsOur results suggest that the GSTM1non-null, GSTT1null, and CYP1A1*2A genotypes may be good prognosis markers, particularly in patients with high-risk tumors.     

手术创伤中腹膜组织Sp1、COL1A1和TIMP-1的表达

目的　探讨人手术创伤腹膜组织中核转录因子Sp1激活 ,COL1A1和TIMP 1表达变化与腹膜纤维化之间的关系。方法　采用凝胶电泳迁移率改变分析法 (EMSA)检测手术创伤后不同时间的腹膜组织核转录因子Sp1的表达水平 ,WesternBlot检测COL1A1和TIMP 1蛋白表达 ,Masson染色观察腹膜组织中胶原纤维的变化。结果　Sp1在手术创伤后 0 .5h被活化 ,随着手术时间延长Sp1活性逐渐增强 ,至创伤后 4h时达高峰 ,同时创伤腹膜组织中的COL1A1和TIMP 1蛋白表达水平逐渐升高 ,存在差异显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。在手术创伤期内随手术时间的延长腹膜组织中胶原纤维增加。结论　核转录因子Sp1活化导致Ⅰ型胶原合成增加 ,细胞外基质降解减少 ,从而启动腹膜纤维化进程。     

Kiss-1和KAI-1在大肠癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的:研究转移抑制基因Kiss-1和KAI-1在大肠癌组织中的表达水平及临床意义.方法:采用原位杂交技术检测61例大肠癌组织和20例癌旁正常组织中Kiss-1和KAI-1的表达情况.结果:大肠癌组织中Kiss-1和KAI-1的阳性表达率明显低于癌旁正常组织(P<0.05),无淋巴结转移和高分化的大肠癌组织中Kiss-1和KAI-1的阳性表达率及评分显著高于有淋巴结转移和低分化病例.DukesA、B期的大肠癌组织中Kiss-1和KAI-1的阳性率显著高于DukesC、D期.二者表达与大肠癌其他病理特征无明显相关性.大肠癌组织中Kiss-1和KAI-1表达评分呈正相关(f=0.98,P<0.01).结论:Kiss-1和KAI-1可能在大肠癌的发生、发展和转移过程中起着重要作用,二者表达水平可作为反映大肠癌侵袭、转移及预后的重要生物学标志,同时可用于评价大肠癌侵袭、转移风险.     

Expression Analysis of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1) in Colon and Rectal Cancer in Association with Prognosis and Response to Chemotherapy

Background

Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1) has been described as a cancer stem cell marker and as a regulator of cellular chemoresistance. Therefore, ALDH1A1 has been suggested as potential biomarker to stratify patients into different risk categories for a ??personalized?? therapy approach. We have investigated the prognostic role of ALDH1A1 in primary colorectal cancer and its value in predicting response to chemotherapy in metastatic colorectal cancer.

Methods

Immunostaining against ALDH1A1 was performed on a paraffin-embedded tissue microarray including 659 primary colon cancer samples and 338 rectal cancer samples. Likewise, tissue of 44 palliatively resected colorectal liver metastases on whole-mount tissue slides was immunostained against ALDH1A1. Cytoplasmic, nuclear, and stromal expression of ALDH1A1 was assessed and merged with histopathological and clinical data.

Results

Univariate and multivariate analysis revealed that cytoplasmic and stromal expression of ALDH1A1 is not significantly associated with prognosis either in colon or in rectal cancer. Furthermore, cytoplasmic expression of ALDH1A1 does not predict response to palliative chemotherapy in patients with metastatic diseases. Intriguingly, as a novel finding, nuclear expression of ALDH1A1 was observed in a small subgroup of patients with colon cancer and rectal cancer. In colon cancer, nuclear expression was significantly associated with shortened overall survival by univariate and multivariate analysis.

Conclusions

Immunohistochemical expression analysis of ALDH1A1 in colon cancer is useful for the detection of nuclear expression in a small subpopulation of patients and is associated with shorter survival. Cytoplasmic expression fails to be of clinical relevance as prognostic or predictive marker in colorectal cancer.