16层螺旋CT血管成像在颅内动脉瘤诊断中的价值

目的:探讨16层螺旋CT血管成像(CTA)在颅内动脉瘤诊断中的价值.方法:对临床疑诊为颅内动脉瘤16例患者行CTA检查,其中8例同期行数字减影血管造影(DSA)检查.原始图像重建采用最大密度投影(MIP)和容积再现技术(VR).结果:16例患者经CTA检出动脉瘤17个.1例患者为多发动脉瘤(2个),15例为单发动脉瘤.瘤体以圆形或卵圆形居多(13个),也可以显示为肾形(2个)、葫芦形(1个)和串蛛状(1个).瘤体最大直径18 mm,最小直径1.5 mm.8例行DSA检查的患者中,7例DSA所见与CTA结果一致,1例DSA漏诊1个动脉瘤.结论:16层CTA检出动脉瘤准确率高,快速、无创,可以作为诊断动脉瘤首选影像学方法,尤其适合于急诊情况下,并能补充DSA诊断信息.     

颅内动脉瘤的CTA术前诊断

评价CT血管造影(CTA)在颅内动脉瘤的术前诊断价值及对最大密度投影(MIP)、表面遮盖显示(SSD)和容积显示技术(VRT)作用的比较.材料和方法:对36例CT平扫怀疑患有颅内动脉瘤的患者进行CTA检查,初选27例动脉瘤患者分别进行MIP、SSD及VRT成像,观察动脉瘤的部位、形态、生长方向及载瘤动脉;进行瘤体大小及瘤颈宽度的测量,部分病例与术中结果比较.结果:27例动脉瘤患者中,动脉瘤大小:5～60mm.瘤颈呈蒂状(颈宽＜10mm)18例、宽颈(颈宽≥10mm)9例.载瘤动脉分别为:大脑中动脉(12例)、大脑前交通动脉(7例)、颈内动脉虹吸部(6例)、基底动脉(2例).蒂状窄颈动脉瘤均行手术治疗,术后恢复良好;1例瘤颈宽为10mm手术后患者所在中动脉闭塞,脑组织缺血性梗死,9例均放弃手术.结论:CTA可作为动脉瘤的有效术前筛选诊断,可作为神经外科医师手术前的重要指导方法之一.     

破裂脑动脉瘤多层螺旋CT血管造影表现

目的 探讨破裂脑动脉瘤的多层螺旋CT血管造影(MSCTA)表现.方法 对64例脑动脉瘤破裂患者的MSCTA表现进行分析,由放射科医师和神经外科医师共同阅片.结果 首发蛛网膜下腔出血62例,颅内血肿2例.破裂出血的瘤体表面欠光滑,64个破裂动脉瘤中具有乳头征36例(56.3%),丘状突起征15例(23.4%),刺突征9例(14%),乳头+刺突征4例(6.3%).CTA对诊断是否为已破裂的动脉瘤具有较高的敏感性和特异性.结论 CTA的乳头征、丘状突起征、刺突征、乳头+刺突征等征象,可提示瘤体已破裂出血或提示该瘤体为责任动脉瘤.     

可膨胀水凝胶弹簧圈在颅内动脉瘤急性破裂期栓塞中的应用

目的 探讨可膨胀水凝胶弹簧圈( Hydrocoil)在颅内动脉瘤急性破裂期栓塞中的应用价值.方法 应用Hydrocoil栓塞急性破裂期15例17个颅内动脉瘤,并选择同期应用裸性铂金弹簧圈栓塞的18例颅内动脉瘤进行对比分析.结果经x2检验.结果 Hydrocoil栓塞的17个动脉瘤,致密栓塞16个、大部栓塞1个.裸性铂金弹簧圈栓塞的18例动脉瘤,致密栓塞11例、大部栓塞7例.两者疗效差异有统计学意义(x2=5.402,P＜0.05).患者术后6个月至1.5年内DSA检查,应用Hydrocoil栓塞的患者无复发;应用裸性铂金弹簧圈栓塞的患者动脉瘤复发5例.两者复发率差异有统计学意义(x2 =5.510,P＜0.05).结论 Hydrocoil可提高颅内动脉瘤的致密栓塞程度,并降低颅内动脉瘤栓塞术后的复发率.     

数字减影CT血管成像对颅内小动脉瘤的诊断价值

目的：评价数字减影 CT 血管成像(DSCTA)在颅内小动脉瘤诊断中的价值。方法回顾性分析92例经数字减影血管造影(DSA)或手术确诊为颅内动脉瘤患者的临床及 CT 影像资料,比较 DSCTA 和常规 CT 血管成像(CTA)2种技术对颅内动脉瘤检测的准确性。结果92例患者经证实共有102个动脉瘤,DSCTA 检出其中100个,常规 CTA 检出其中89个(χ2=8.707,P =0.003)。DSCTA 漏诊海绵窦段和床突下段动脉瘤各1例,而常规 CTA 漏诊13例床突下段及海绵窦段与颅骨紧贴<5.0 mm 的小动脉瘤。进一步将<3.0 mm 和3.0~5.0 mm 的动脉瘤合并计算,DSCTA 对检出5.0 mm 以下动脉瘤的敏感性显著高于常规CTA 技术(χ2=8.393,P =0.004)。结论DSCTA 对颅内动脉瘤诊断优于常规 CTA,尤其对颅底毗邻小动脉瘤的诊断有明显的优势,可作为筛查和诊断颅内动脉瘤的首选检查技术。     

战斗机飞行员无症状未破裂颅内动脉瘤2例

1 病例资料 例1,男,35岁,已婚,高性能歼击机飞行员,飞行时间1950 h.于2018年8月因四代机改装体检在空军特色医学中心行头颅磁共振血管造影(M R A)显示左侧颈内动脉眼动脉段略膨隆,考虑不除外动脉瘤.2018年9月,在北京天坛医院行头颅CT血管造影(CTA)显示双侧颈内动脉眼动脉起始处可见异常膨隆,左侧为著,动脉瘤可能性大;2018年10月,在我中心神经内科行脑血管三维数字减影血管造影术(3D-DSA)检查显示,左侧颈内动脉眼动脉段(C6)血管壁可见大小约3.5 mm×2.2 mm的管壁突起,考虑宽颈、囊性动脉瘤(图1).既往体健,入院内科查体和神经系统查体未见异常.诊断为颅内动脉瘤.经过专科会诊及飞行人员健康鉴定委员会讨论,考虑动脉瘤破裂风险小,且为双座机,给予飞行合格结论,继续原机型飞行.患者继续参加飞行180 h,于2019年5月和10月2次返中心复查,颅内动脉瘤无变化,但考虑到颅内动脉瘤破裂会导致空中失能,结论改为"歼击机飞行不合格,建议降机种飞行".     

战斗机飞行员无症状未破裂颅内动脉瘤2例

1 病例资料 例1,男,35岁,已婚,高性能歼击机飞行员,飞行时间1950 h.于2018年8月因四代机改装体检在空军特色医学中心行头颅磁共振血管造影(M R A)显示左侧颈内动脉眼动脉段略膨隆,考虑不除外动脉瘤.2018年9月,在北京天坛医院行头颅CT血管造影(CTA)显示双侧颈内动脉眼动脉起始处可见异常膨隆,左侧为著,动脉瘤可能性大;2018年10月,在我中心神经内科行脑血管三维数字减影血管造影术(3D-DSA)检查显示,左侧颈内动脉眼动脉段(C6)血管壁可见大小约3.5 mm×2.2 mm的管壁突起,考虑宽颈、囊性动脉瘤(图1).既往体健,入院内科查体和神经系统查体未见异常.诊断为颅内动脉瘤.经过专科会诊及飞行人员健康鉴定委员会讨论,考虑动脉瘤破裂风险小,且为双座机,给予飞行合格结论,继续原机型飞行.患者继续参加飞行180 h,于2019年5月和10月2次返中心复查,颅内动脉瘤无变化,但考虑到颅内动脉瘤破裂会导致空中失能,结论改为"歼击机飞行不合格,建议降机种飞行".     

320排动态容积CT血管成像诊断颅内动脉瘤的价值

目的探讨320排动态容积CT血管成像(CTA)对颅内动脉瘤的诊断价值。方法对临床高度怀疑颅内动脉瘤113例患者行头部320排CTA检查,以3D-DSA及手术确诊动脉瘤为标准,评估320排CTA诊断颅内动脉瘤的敏感性、特异性及准确性。结果结113例患者经3D-DSA或手术确诊有86例共110个动脉瘤。320排CTA检出84例共105个动脉瘤,假阴性5例,假阳性5例,320排CTA诊断颅内动脉瘤的敏感性为95.45%、特异性为84.38%、准确性为92.96%,对(瘤体直径≤3mm)微小动脉瘤的诊断敏感性为85.3%。结论 320排CTA对颅内各种大小、各种部位的动脉瘤的诊断效能高,特别是能够准确的检出既往诊断困难的颅内微小动脉瘤,可应用于颅内动脉瘤的筛查。     

CTA对颅内动脉瘤的诊断价值

目的 :探讨16层CTA对颅内动脉瘤的诊断价值。方法:CTA诊断30例颅内动脉瘤,所得原始CT数据传至Philips工作站后运用MPR、CPR、MIP、VR等技术行血管成像;30例颅内动脉瘤均行手术治疗,术后对照CTA检查的准确性。结果:30例患者手术发现动脉瘤36个,CTA发现35个,诊断符合率97.22%(35/36),未能显示的1个位于右大脑中动脉分支末梢,瘤径3 mm;CTA所示动脉瘤的位置、大小、形态、瘤顶指向、瘤颈宽窄、载瘤动脉、瘤体与周围结构关系,与术中所见一致。结论:16层CTA对Willis环周围瘤径3.0 mm以上的动脉瘤显示清晰,是一种准确、快速、价廉、无创的诊断颅内动脉瘤方法 ,可作为脑动脉瘤筛选及动脉瘤破裂致急性出血的首选检查方法。     

颅内动脉瘤320排CTA与DSA对照分析

目的 探讨320排CTA对颅内动脉瘤诊断的临床应用价值.方法 收集2010-04-2011-03期间行320排CTA和DSA检查的颅内动脉瘤患者33例.将CTA图像质量按颅底骨质残留及血管显示情况分为4个等级,再以DSA所见为对照,分析320排CTA诊断颅内动脉瘤的敏感性及粗符合率.结果 33例经320排CTA检出颅内动脉瘤30例33个、动静脉畸形(AVM)2例、颅内动脉瘤合并AVM 1例;经DSA证实有颅内动脉瘤30例33个、AVM 3例,其中动脉瘤"假阳性"1例;有22例行手术治疗.320排CTA诊断颅内动脉瘤敏感性为100%,粗符合率为97.0%.结论 与DSA比较,320排CTA诊断颅内动脉瘤有较高的敏感性及粗符合率,在术前筛查方面具有广泛的临床应用前景.     

大型/巨大型颅内动脉瘤支架辅助与单纯弹簧圈栓塞术后复发率比较

目的 比较单纯弹簧圈栓塞和支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞颅内大型/巨大型动脉瘤的复发率及远期血管造影随访结果.方法 回顾性分析2004年1月至2016年1月收治的90例(91枚)大型或巨大型(＞10 mm)颅内动脉瘤患者临床及影像资料,其中接受单纯弹簧圈栓塞治疗(NAC组)52例(52枚),支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗(SAC组)38例(39枚),统计分析两组间术后动脉瘤复发率差异及复发危险因素.结果 术后动脉瘤复发率、再治疗率分别为38.5％(35/91)、20.9％(19/91),其中SAC组分别为35.9％(14/39)与17.9％(7/39),NAC组分别为40.4％(21/52)与23.1％(12/52),但两组间差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).多因素Logistic回归分析显示,破裂动脉瘤(OR=0.284,95％CI=0.083～0.978,P=0.046)、单纯弹簧圈栓塞(OR=5.03,95％CI=1.04～24.44,P=0.045)、伴有高血压(OR=0.13,95％CI=0.036～0.51,P=0.003)及远期随访(OR=1.002,95％CI=1.001～1.003,P=0.002)是大型/巨大型动脉瘤复发的危险因素.结论 支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞可降低颅内大型/巨大型动脉瘤复发率,动脉瘤破裂、单纯弹簧圈栓塞、远期随访及伴发高血压是动脉瘤栓塞术后复发的独立危险因素.     

Detection and characterization of very small cerebral aneurysms by using 2D and 3D helical CT angiography

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Many cases of subarachnoid hemorrhage are due to rupture of small cerebral aneurysms. Our purpose was to evaluate the usefulness of helical CT angiography (CTA) in the detection and characterization of very small (<5 mm) intracranial aneurysms. METHODS: One hundred eighty consecutive patients underwent CTA for suspected intracranial aneurysms. All aneurysms prospectively detected by CTA were confirmed by digital subtraction angiography (DSA) or at surgery. CT angiograms and digital subtraction angiograms were reviewed by two independent blinded radiologists who performed aneurysm detection, quantitation, and characterization using 2D multiplanar reformatted and 3D volume-rendering techniques. RESULTS: Fifty-one patients harboring 41 very small intracranial aneurysms were included in this series. Eighty-one percent (33 of 41 aneurysms) were 相似文献   

CTA与MRA诊断动脉瘤及评估动脉瘤破裂风险的比较

 目的 比较CT血管造影术(CT angiography,CTA)与磁共振血管造影(magnetic resonance angiography,MRA)诊断动脉瘤与动脉瘤破裂的风险评估价值。方法 48例高度怀疑为颅内动脉瘤患者随机分为两组,每组24例,记为Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组,其中Ⅰ组行CTA+DSA检查,Ⅱ组行MRA+DSA检查。比较CTA及MRA对颅内动脉瘤的诊断灵敏度、诊断特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值及准确率。比较CTA及MRA对5 mm以上动脉瘤的诊断价值。结果 MRA诊断颅内动脉瘤的诊断灵敏度、诊断特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、准确率较CTA稍低,但二者差异无统计学意义。CTA与三维增强MR血管成像(3D CE-MRA)对5 mm以上动脉瘤的诊断能力相当,但与三维时间飞跃法MR血管成像(3D TOF MRA)相比,CTA与CE-MRA的诊断灵敏度、诊断特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、准确率明显较高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);CTA能更清楚地显示瘤颈。结论 CTA和MRA可作为诊断动脉瘤与动脉瘤破裂的风险评估的首要手段,CTA诊断的准确率及三维形态高于MRA。     

64层螺旋CT脑血管造影在颅内动脉瘤诊断中的应用

目的:与DSA相对照,探讨64层螺旋CT脑血管造影在颅内动脉瘤中的诊断价值。方法:对29例临床怀疑颅内动脉瘤的患者行64层螺旋CT脑血管造影(CTA)和DSA检查,使用GE64层Lightspeed VCT获得原始图像,所有病例均采用多层面重建(multiplanar reconstruction,MPR)、容积再现(volume rendering,VR)、薄层块最大密度投影(thin-slab maximumintensity projectjon,TS MIP)。后处理图像及DSA图像由2位放射科医生共同评估。结果:29例患者中,DSA证实25例共27个动脉瘤,其中2例为2个动脉瘤。与DSA结果相对照,CTA共检出25例26个动脉瘤,漏诊了1个颈出动脉瘤。CTA清晰显示了动脉瘤的形态、大小及载瘤动脉,3例动脉瘤瘤颈DSA未显示,CTA显示了全部动脉瘤的瘤颈。结论:64层CTA在颅内动脉瘤的诊断中具有极高价值,特别在显示动脉瘤瘤颈方面具有独特的优势,对临床治疗具有指导意义。     

Intracranial aneurysms: evaluation in 200 patients with spiral CT angiography

The goal of this study was to assess the usefulness of spiral CT angiography (CTA) with three- dimensional reconstructions in defining intracranial aneurysms, particularly around the Circle of Willis. Two hundred consecutive patients with angiographic and/or surgical correlation were studied between 1993 and 1998, with CTA performed on a GE HiSpeed unit and Windows workstation. The following clinical situations were evaluated: conventional CT suspicion of an aneurysm; follow-up of treated aneurysm remnants or of untreated aneurysms; subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) and negative angiography; family or past aneurysm history; and for improved definition of aneurysm anatomy. Spiral CTA detected 140 of 144 aneurysms, and an overall sensitivity of 97 %, including 30 of 32 aneurysms 3 mm or less in size. In 38 patients with SAH and negative angiography, CTA found six of the seven aneurysms finally diagnosed. There was no significant artefact in 17 of 23 patients (74 %) with clips. The specificity of CTA was 86 % with 8 false-positive cases. Spiral CTA is very useful in demonstrating intracranial aneurysms. Received: 13 April 1999 Revised: 22 March 2000 Accepted: 3 May 2000     

CTA对颅内动脉瘤破裂急性期手术夹闭的指导意义

目的:研究CTA对颅内破裂动脉瘤急性期显微外科手术治疗的指导意义.方法:对35例自发性蛛网膜下腔出血患者行CTA检查,采用容积再现(VR)、最大密度投影(MIP)和仿真血管内窥镜(VE)等方法进行图像重组,多角度显示动脉瘤的形状、大小、瘤颈,动脉瘤与载瘤动脉、周边血管及骨质的关系,并在CT工作站上模拟手术入路,以指导手术的进行.结果:手术共证实38处动脉瘤,CTA检出37处,敏感度为97.4%,特异度为100%,诊断符合率为97.4%.另外,CTA检出动脉瘤内血栓9例(9/9),穿支血管6例(6/8).术前CTA清晰显示了动脉瘤载瘤动脉及与颅骨的空间关系,与术中所见高度一致.结论:CTA对颅内动脉瘤急性期手术方案的制定有重要指导意义.     

Detection of cerebral aneurysms in nontraumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage: role of multislice CT angiography in 130 consecutive patients

PURPOSE: The leading cause of a nontraumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage is rupture of an intracranial aneurysm. The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of multislice computed tomography angiography (CTA) in identifying and evaluating cerebral aneurysms by comparing it with intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and intraoperative findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: During a 20-month period (June 2004 and February 2006), 130 patients with a CT diagnosis of nontraumatic acute subarachnoid haemorrhage were prospectively recruited to this study and underwent 16-detector CTA and DSA (57 men, 73 women; mean age 59.5 years). Twenty-five patients who underwent DSA alone postclipping were excluded. CTA and DSA were evaluated by the performing radiologist to assess the presence of one or more aneurysms and their morphological characteristics. RESULTS: CTA detected 133 aneurysms, whereas DSA identified 134: the aneurysm missed by CTA was 2 mm in size. CONCLUSIONS: CTA is fast and relatively noninvasive, and its sensitivity appears similar to that of DSA in detecting and evaluating intracranial aneurysms, even those smaller than 3 mm. This study confirms the value of CTA as the primary imaging technique in subarachnoid haemorrhage, with DSA reserved for selected patients.     

Detection and evaluation of intracranial aneurysms with 16-row multislice CT angiography

AIM: The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of 16-row multislice CT angiography (CTA) in evaluating intracranial aneurysms, by comparison with conventional digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and intraoperative findings. METHODS: A consecutive series of 57 patients, scheduled for DSA for suspected intracranial aneurysm, was prospectively recruited to have CTA. This was performed with a 16-detector row machine, detector interval 0.75 mm, 0.5 rotation/s, table speed 10mm/rotation and reconstruction interval 0.40 mm. CTA studies were independently and randomly assessed by two neuroradiologists and a vascular neurosurgeon blinded to the DSA and surgical findings. Review of CTA was performed on workstations with an interactive 3D volume-rendered algorithm. RESULTS: DSA or intraoperative findings or both confirmed 53 aneurysms in 44 patients. For both independent readers, sensitivity and specificity per aneurysm of DSA were 96.2% and 100%, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity of CTA were also 96.2% and 100%, respectively. Mean diameter of aneurysms was 6.3mm (range 1.9 to 28.1 mm, SD 5.2 mm). For aneurysms of less than 3 mm, CTA had a sensitivity of 91.7% for each reader. Although the neurosurgeon would have been happy to proceed to surgery on the basis of CTA alone in all cases, he judged that DSA might have provided helpful additional anatomical information in 5 patients. CONCLUSION: The diagnostic accuracy of 16-slice CTA is promising and appears equivalent to that of DSA for detection and evaluation of intracranial aneurysms. A strategy of using CTA as the primary imaging method, with DSA reserved for cases of uncertainty, appears to be practical and safe.