抗阻力运动联合有氧运动在2型糖尿病病人治疗中的应用效果评价

[目的]探讨抗阻力运动联合有氧运动对2型糖尿病(T2DM)病人血糖及糖化血红蛋白(HbA1C)值的影响。[方法]将63例确诊为T2DM病人采用随机数字表法分成对照组和观察组。对照组31例给予为期3个月的有氧运动,观察组32例在有氧运动的基础上联合抗阻力运动,运动3个月后测量病人的血糖和HbA1C值。[结果]3个月后两组病人血糖和HbA1C值明显改善(P0.05);观察组病人血糖和HbA1C值低于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。[结论]抗阻力运动联合有氧运动以及单纯有氧运动均能改善2型糖尿病病人血糖控制水平,抗阻力运动联合有氧运动效果更佳。     

联合抗阻-有氧运动对糖尿病前期人群糖及脂代谢指标的影响

[目的]探讨联合抗阻-有氧运动对糖尿病前期人群血糖、血脂的影响。[方法]筛选符合糖尿病前期诊断人群168例,采用随机数字表法分为联合运动组42例、抗阻运动组41例、有氧运动组42例、对照组43例,以不同的运动方式对糖尿病前期人群进行6个月的运动干预,观察4组糖尿病前期人群运动干预前后血糖、血脂四项变化情况。[结果]不同运动方式运动组干预后3个月、干预后6个月糖尿病前期人群的空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2h血糖(2hPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)及总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)改善效果较明显优于对照组(P0.05),其中联合运动组HbA1c、TG、LDL改善效果明显优于其他3组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。[结论]联合抗阻-有氧运动有利于降低糖尿病前期人群血糖、改善血脂水平。     

生脉散合六味地黄汤联合利拉鲁肽治疗2型糖尿病的效果

目的：分析生脉散合六味地黄汤联合利拉鲁肽在2型糖尿病（T2DM）治疗中的应用效果。方法：选取2019年4月~2021年3月医院收治的80例T2DM患者作为实验对象,依据门诊号单双号分为对照组和观察组,各40例。对照组在常规治疗基础上采用利拉鲁肽注射液治疗,观察组在对照组基础上采用生脉散合六味地黄汤治疗,两组连续治疗2个月。比较两组疗效、血糖指标[糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、空腹血糖（FBG）]水平,记录两组治疗期间不良反应发生情况。结果：观察组治疗总有效率比对照组高（P＜0.05）。治疗前两组HbA1c、FBG水平比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;两组治疗2个月HbA1c、FBG水平均比治疗前低,且观察组比对照组低（P＜0.05）。两组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论：生脉散合六味地黄汤联合利拉鲁肽治疗T2DM患者疗效确切,可改善血糖水平,且安全性高。     

度拉糖肽联合二甲双胍对2型糖尿病的临床研究

目的：探讨度拉糖肽联合二甲双胍对2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者肾功能、糖脂代谢的影响，并观察治疗安全性。方法：选取2021年1月至2022年12月于福建省建宁县总医院内分泌科接受治疗的98例T2DM患者，按照随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组，各49例。对照组予以二甲双胍治疗，观察组在对照组基础上予以度拉糖肽治疗。对比两组治疗前后糖脂代谢[糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、空腹血糖（FPG）、餐后2 h血糖（2 h PG）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL-C）、总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL-C）]及肾功能[血肌酐（Cr）、尿素氮（BUN）]指标水平，观察两组治疗安全性。结果：治疗3个月后两组FPG、2 h PG、HbA1c、TG、TC、LDL-C水平均低于治疗前，且观察组更低（P＜0.05）；治疗3个月后两组HDL-C水平高于治疗前，且观察组更高（P＜0.05）；治疗3个月后两组Cr、BUN水平均低于治疗前，且观察组更低（P＜0.05）；两组不良反应发生率对比，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论：度拉糖肽联合二甲双胍治疗T2DM可显著改善患者糖脂代谢水平，保护肾功能，且具有良好的用药安全性。     

有氧运动联合抗阻训练对青少年2型糖尿病病人的影响

[目的]探讨有氧运动联合抗阻训练对青少年2型糖尿病病人血糖及体质指标的影响。[方法]采用随机数字表法,将41例青少年2型糖尿病病人分为对照组21例和干预组20例。对照组采用有氧运动训练方案,干预组采用有氧运动联合抗阻训练方案,分别对干预前后两组对应数据进行比较分析。[结果]干预12周后,两组空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c),差异有统计学意义(t值分别为-3.14,-3.45,-2.71,均P0.01)。[结论]有氧运动联合抗阻训练可以更好地改善青少年2型糖尿病病人的血糖水平。     

延伸护理对出院2型糖尿病病人遵医行为及糖化血红蛋白的影响

[目的]探讨延伸护理对2型糖尿病(DM)病人出院后遵医行为及糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)的影响。[方法]选择90例2型DM出院病人,随机分成观察组和对照组各45例,对照组给予常规出院指导,观察组出院后实施延伸护理。两组病人在每个月的最后1d回院内门诊测定空腹血糖及餐后2h血糖;出院3个月、6个月时测定HbA1c的控制情况;第6个月对两组病人进行遵医情况调查。[结果]观察组病人遵医行为及血糖、糖化血红蛋白的控制情况均优于对照组(P0.01)。[结论]延伸护理可提高DM病人的遵医行为,有利于血糖及HbA1c的控制。     

抗阻训练结合有氧运动和饮食调理对2型糖尿病患者并发症及生活质量的影响

目的:研究有氧运动结合抗阻训练、饮食调理对2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)患者并发症和生活质量的影响。方法:选取2018年1月至2018年8月皖北煤电集团总医院首次确诊的T2DM患者92例,采用随机数字表法均分为两组各46例,对照组给予饮食调理和有氧运动联合干预,观察组在此基础上加用抗阻训练,两组干预时间均为3个月,比较两组干预后血糖、血脂及生活质量变化以及T2DM并发症发生情况。结果:干预后,两组FBG,2 h PG及HbA1c水平均明显降低(P0.05),且观察组FBG,2 hPG及HbA1c水平低于对照组;两组血清TG,TC及LDL-C水平均明显降低(P0.05),且观察组血清TG,TC及LDL-C水平低于对照组;两组DSQL生理功能、心理精神、社会关系及治疗评分均明显升高(P0.05),且观察组各维度评分高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组和对照组T2DM并发症发生率分别为6.52%和13.04%(P0.05)。结论:有氧运动结合抗阻训练、饮食调理干预可明显提升T2DM患者血糖和血脂控制水平,改善患者生活质量。     

血浆同型半胱氨酸检测对2型糖尿病的预警价值

【目的】探讨血浆同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）含量与2型糖尿病（T2DM）发生发展的关系。【方法】分别检测42例T2DM患者（T2DM组）、64例空腹血糖受损患者（空腹血糖受损组）的Hcy、空腹血糖（FPG ）、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）及尿微量白蛋白（UMALB）,并与86名健康体检者（对照组）进行比较,同时比较分析 Hcy 与 FPG、HbA1c、UMALB的相关性。【结果】 T2DM组血浆中Hcy、HbA1c、FPG及UMALB水平均显著高于对照组（ P＜0．05）,空腹血糖受损组FPG、Hcy及UMALB的平均值显著高于对照组（ P＜0．05）,HbA1c略升高,但差异无统计学意义（ P ＞0．05）。Pearson相关分析显示血浆 Hcy的升高与FPG（ r ＝0．465）、HbA1c（ r ＝0．246）、UM-ALB（ r ＝0．775）呈正相关（均 P ＜0．05）。【结论】Hcy水平与T2DM的发生和发展密切相关,空腹血糖受损者检测Hcy对于预防T2DM有重要意义。     

糖化血红蛋白达标率调查

目的了解2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）达标率及其影响因素,分析HbA1c控制与其慢性合并症、并发症的关系。方法收集T2DM现患病例一般信息、自我管理信息、治疗方案、临床指标等数据。根据HbA1c水平分组并进行组间比较。结果 （1）HbA1c达标率为22.1%;（2）未达标组合并脑血管疾病、糖尿病视网膜病变的比率明显高于达标组（P〈0.001,P=0.008）;（3）39.3%患者血糖监测频率≥4次/月,10.8%患者HbA1c监测频率≥3次/a,5.8%患者血糖监测频率≥4次/月且HbA1c监测频率≥3次/a,患者知晓糖尿病知识、控制饮食、规律运动的比例分别为35.4%、31.4%、53.1%。结论 T2DM患者的HbA1c达标率低;HbA1c控制与糖尿病合并症、并发症有关;应通过加强个性化的糖尿病教育提高患者自我管理意识。     

Cys-C、HbA1 c、GA和U-mAlb／Cr检测对2型糖尿病早期肾损伤的诊断价值

目的：探讨血清胱抑素C（Cys-C）、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、糖化清蛋白（GA）和尿微量清蛋白/肌酐比值（U-mAlb/Cr）联合检测对2型糖尿病（T2DM）早期肾损伤的价值。方法选取158例T2DM患者（病例组）,按UACR分为3组,糖尿病无肾病（A组）、早期糖尿病肾病（B组）、临床糖尿病肾病（C 组）,另选50例健康者作为对照组,分别测定 Cys-C、HbA1c、GA 和 U-mAlb及Cr,评价各项测定结果的关系。结果病例组与对照组比较,Cys-C、HbA1c、GA 水平差异有统计学意义（P＜0．01）;在病例组3组间各项指标比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0．01）;Cys-C、HbA1c、GA 与 UACR 分别进行直线相关回归,均呈正相关（P＜0．01）。结论 Cys-C、HbA1c、GA在T2DM中表达异常,并与病程密切相关,联合检测Cys-C、HbA1c、GA对糖尿病及并发症早期诊断、治疗及预后有重要诊断价值。     

Managing arthritis with exercise.

Almost half of all older adults have arthritis, either degenerative or inflammatory. Regular exercise is an important therapeutic intervention for all types of arthritis. Specifically, regular exercise can prevent deconditioning of the muscles, keep the joints stable, improve joint function and flexibility, decrease pain, enhance aerobic fitness, improve balance, and decrease falls. A comprehensive exercise program should include stretching exercises followed by a range-of-motion program for joints, muscle strengthening, and aerobic exercise, if possible. Unfortunately, despite these known benefits, most older adults with arthritis do not engage in regular exercise. The Seven Step Approach was developed to provide a practical framework to help overcome barriers and improve exercise activity in older adults with arthritis.     

运动干预对血脂异常高校教师运动依从性的效果研究

目的评价运动干预对血脂异常高校教师运动依从性的影响。方法在哈尔滨市某两所高校中选取研究对象,一所高校的40名教师作为试验组,另一所高校的37名教师作为对照组。两组均进行2次健康讲座,试验组在此基础上增加1次个性化指导、8次自发运动小组培育活动,并建立微信和QQ交流群。比较两组干预前、干预后、干预后3个月和干预后6个月的运动达标率、BMI和腰围。结果试验组干预后、干预后3个月、干预后6个月的运动达标率均高于对照组(P0.01);对照组教师的BMI和腰围在各个时间点差异无统计学意义(P0.05),试验组教师的BMI和腰围在干预后各个时间点均低于干预前(P0.01),但组间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论运动干预能够改善血脂异常高校教师的运动依从性,促使其将运动融入日常生活。     

Assessment of factors associated with exercise enjoyment

Participating in regular physical activity results in many positive physical and psychological effects. Even though this is widely known, the majority of Americans do not engage in regular physical activity and many persons who start an exercise program drop out shortly thereafter. A question of central importance is "What motivates a person to adhere to an exercise program?" A collection of quantitative and qualitative studies has shown enjoyment of exercise to be an important factor in determining adherence to exercise. Despite these findings, very little research has been conducted on factors contributing to exercise enjoyment. The purpose of this study was to examine variables believed to make such a contribution. Variables were selected based upon results of past research and theory. These were: satisfaction with the music used in the exercise environment, satisfaction with the exercise instructor, and salience of exercise role-identity (EIS). Subjects for this study were 282 female volunteers from not-for-credit aerobic dance classes at 2 university activity centers. Results revealed significant positive correlations between all 3 variables and exercise enjoyment, ranging from .34 to .45. Stepwise regression indicated that satisfaction with music (21%) accounted for the most variance in exercise enjoyment followed by satisfaction with the instructor (8%), and finally salience of exercise role identity (4%). Follow-up analyses to examine specific components of satisfaction with music and the exercise instructor were also conducted.     

Increase of heat shock protein with exercise

Sir, Dr Press and colleagues¹ make a forceful case in their editorialfor the beneficial effect of exercise in the prevention of coronaryartery disease.     

运动训练对尘肺患者肺功能及运动耐力的影响

目的:观察呼吸训练结合全身运动训练对改善尘肺患者肺功能、运动耐力等方面的影响。方法:将在我院住院的60例尘肺患者随机分为康复组和对照组,每组各30例,2组均接受常规对症治疗,康复组同时增加运动训练包括踏车运动、呼吸锻炼等。踏车运动每天20min,每周不少于5次,呼吸锻炼选择在卧位、坐位和站位以及行走状态下进行,每天2次,每次不少于20min,共观察8周。治疗前后检测2组肺功能主要指标,包括肺活量(VC,vital capacity),用力肺活量(FVC,forced vital capacity),第1秒时间用力呼出量(FEVl,forced expiratory volume in 1second)和运动耐力水平(6min步行试验)。结果:治疗2个月后,康复组肺功能、6min步行距离与治疗前及对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);对照组治疗前后各指标比较差异无统计学意义。结论:运动训练可以提高尘肺患者的肺功能和运动耐力,提高患者生存质量。     

Prescribing exercise for people with fibromyalgia

Fibromyalgia (FM) is a costly and debilitating pain syndrome which is commonly encountered by advanced practice nurses working in acute care settings. Fibromyalgia affects nearly 6 million people in the United States, approximately 80% to 90% of whom are women. Symptoms of FM include widespread and localized pain, disrupted sleep, fatigue, visceral pain and other pain syndromes, neurological symptoms (eg, dizziness, numbness, tingling, impaired cognition), and exercise-induced pain. Difficulties remaining active with FM may lead to extreme deconditioning, inability to remain employed, and eventually even impaired ability in complete activities of daily living. Exercise that combats deconditioning without triggering pain is, therefore, a key component in treating FM. Clinicians who understand FM pain and associated symptoms can minimize the negative impact of deconditioning by prescribing disease-specific exercise for people with FM.     

Oxygen-assisted exercise training in adult cystic fibrosis patients with pulmonary limitation to exercise

Exercise training has been considered suitable only in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients with mild to moderate pulmonary dysfunction without progressive hypoxaemia during exercise. We trained 16 CF patients, all with advanced lung disease (mean standardized forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), 30% pred.), with a ventilatory limitation to exercise and a progressive hypoxaemia and hypercapnia at low maximal exercise capacity, Wmax (mean Wmax, 50% pred). Exercise training was performed on a cycle ergometer twice a day for 20 min at approximately 75% of the maximal predicted heart rate for at least 3 weeks. Supplemental oxygen was administered to reach a haemoglobin oxygen saturation of 90% during training. Patients considered malnourished because of a Quetelet Index of less than 20 kg m-2 received hyperalimentation orally or by duodenal tube (total 3500-4000 kcal day-1). Evaluation directly after the training period showed a statistically significant improvement in Wmax, maximal oxygen consumption, maximal minute ventilation, pulse, PaCO2 at rest, FEV1 and body weight. None of the pretraining variables was able to predict the outcome of the training programme in the individual patient. We detected no adverse effects of the programme. This study shows that oxygen-assisted exercise training in combination with correction of the nutritional status is safe and beneficial in CF patients with severe lung disease.