第一恒磨牙局部涂氟防龋效果3年纵向研究

目的评估对学龄儿童第一恒磨牙进行局部涂氟的防龋效果,为制定学龄儿童龋病防治策略提供依据。方法选取2014年11月广西大化县某小学一年级6～7岁儿童666例,采用整群随机抽样的方法,分为试验组与对照组。从2014年11月到2017年5月,试验组儿童每半年进行1次第一恒磨牙局部涂氟,同时进行口腔健康教育;对照组儿童仅进行口腔健康教育,并在2014、2016、2017年的11月对所有研究对象进行口腔检查,收集第一恒磨牙患龋情况数据并进行统计分析。结果干预2年后,试验组第一恒磨牙龋病发病率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预3年后,试验组患龋率、龋均、龋面均及龋病发病率均低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,试验组上下颌第一恒磨牙龋病发病率及窝沟龋发病率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),邻面龋发病率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论局部涂氟对第一恒磨牙龋具有良好的预防效果,且涂氟时间越长,防龋效果越好。     

南宁市3~5岁儿童乳牙局部用氟防龋效果分析

目的：了解在幼儿园集体环境中,乳牙局部用氟预防龋齿的效果,为提高儿童防龋水平提供依据。方法将同一幼儿园410名3~5岁儿童纳入研究,按照单纯随机抽样原则分为试验组和对照组。试验组每半年进行1次多乐氟涂布,同时进行口腔健康教育,共干预4次;对照组儿童仅进行相同的口腔健康教育。分别在干预前和第4次干预后进行口腔检查,记录患龋状况,并进行统计学分析。结果试验组与对照组患龋率分别由干预前51.61%增至59.14%,52.61%增至73.93%;干预后龋齿发病率分别为7.53%及21.33%。干预后试验组患龋率、龋均、龋齿发病率均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在幼儿园使用多乐氟防龋,能有效降低乳牙龋的发病率,促进儿童的口腔健康。     

���������ѧ��ǰ��ͯ��ĥ����ȣЧ������

目的 评价氟保护漆对于学龄前儿童乳磨牙的防龋作用。方法 于2012年2月在沈阳市采用随机抽样法选取7所幼儿园的320名3岁儿童。将经过家长同意并签署知情同意书的儿童作为试验组,将未签署知情同意书的儿童作为对照组。对试验组儿童乳磨牙每半年涂1次氟保护漆,为期2年,并进行口腔卫生宣教;对照组仅做口腔卫生宣教。在试验前后对两组儿童乳磨牙患龋情况进行比较分析。结果 共304名儿童完成了试验,其中试验组114人,对照组190人。乳磨牙患龋率、龋均、龋面均,试验组分别为50.88%、1.76±2.27、2.96±5.28,对照组分别为63.68%、2.39±2.50、3.77±5.17。其中,试验组的患龋率和龋均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=6.031和t=-2.190,均P<0.05);而两组龋面均相比,差异无统计学意义(t=-1.316,P>0.05)。乳磨牙龋病发病率、新增龋均、新增龋面均,试验组分别为15.79%,0.65±1.73,1.49±3.49,对照组分别为24.74%,1.23±3.17,2.20±5.94。其中,试验组的龋病发病率和新增龋面均略低于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(χ2=3.390和t=-1.311,均P>0.05);两组新增龋均相比,差异有统计学意义(t=-2.072,P<0.05)。乳磨牙邻面新增龋面均,试验组为0.70±1.78,对照组为1.15±1.94,两组差异有统计学意义(t=-3.150,P<0.05)。结论 氟保护漆对于乳磨牙窝沟无显著防龋作用,但对邻面龋有一定的预防作用。     

第一恒磨牙窝沟封闭3年临床效果观察

目的通过3年随访观察窝沟封闭技术预防8岁儿童第一恒磨牙龋的临床效果。方法试验组805人,对照组245人,分别进行口腔检查,对试验组符合适应证的2 190颗第一恒磨牙进行窝沟封闭,分别于1、2、3年后复查试验组封闭剂保留情况和两组第一恒磨牙患龋状况,计算封闭剂保留率和比较两组第一恒磨牙患龋率。结果试验组3年随访封闭剂保留率分别为78.35%、69.56%、69.31%,第一恒磨牙患龋率分别为9.45%、9.91%、10.87%,龋均分别为0.10、0.11、0.12,而对照组3年随访第一恒磨牙患龋率分别为14.29%、17.26%、18.95%,龋均分别为0.15、0.20、0.21。对3年的患龋率分别进行比较,两组间差异均有统计学意义,第2、3年龋均两组间差异有统计学意义。结论窝沟封闭在第一恒磨牙防龋应用中效果好。     

氟保护漆对学龄前儿童乳磨牙防龋效果评价

目的    评价氟保护漆对于学龄前儿童乳磨牙的防龋作用。方法    于2012年2月在沈阳市采用随机抽样法选取7所幼儿园的320名3岁儿童。将经过家长同意并签署知情同意书的儿童作为试验组,将未签署知情同意书的儿童作为对照组。对试验组儿童乳磨牙每半年涂1次氟保护漆,为期2年,并进行口腔卫生宣教;对照组仅做口腔卫生宣教。在试验前后对两组儿童乳磨牙患龋情况进行比较分析。结果    共304名儿童完成了试验,其中试验组114人,对照组190人。乳磨牙患龋率、龋均、龋面均,试验组分别为50.88%、1.76 ± 2.27、2.96 ± 5.28,对照组分别为63.68%、2.39 ± 2.50、3.77 ± 5.17。其中,试验组的患龋率和龋均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（χ2 = 6.031和t = -2.190,均P < 0.05）;而两组龋面均相比,差异无统计学意义（t = -1.316,P > 0.05）。乳磨牙龋病发病率、新增龋均、新增龋面均,试验组分别为15.79%,0.65 ± 1.73,1.49 ± 3.49,对照组分别为24.74%,1.23 ± 3.17,2.20 ± 5.94。其中,试验组的龋病发病率和新增龋面均略低于对照组,但差异无统计学意义（χ2 = 3.390和t = -1.311,均P > 0.05）;两组新增龋均相比,差异有统计学意义（t = -2.072,P < 0.05）。乳磨牙邻面新增龋面均,试验组为0.70 ± 1.78,对照组为1.15 ± 1.94,两组差异有统计学意义（t = -3.150,P < 0.05）。结论    氟保护漆对于乳磨牙窝沟无显著防龋作用,但对邻面龋有一定的预防作用。     

学龄儿童第一恒磨牙窝沟封闭术的临床效果评价

目的探讨窝沟封闭术对预防学龄儿童第一恒磨牙窝沟龋的临床效果。方法选择4所小学424名7~8岁儿童的双侧上下颌第一恒磨牙为研究对象,随机分成试验组和对照组,试验组212例757颗牙进行窝沟封闭,对照组212例749颗牙不做任何处理。结果经6个月、1年、2年、3年随访检查,试验组龋发病率均较对照组明显下降(P<0.01)。结论窝沟封闭术对预防学龄儿童恒磨牙龋病效果明显。     

荆门市十二所小学学生第一恒磨牙龋病调查报告

目的：建立7～12岁儿童第一恒磨牙（六龄牙）患龋流行病学资料,为制定本市初级卫生保健发展战略和有效防治龋病提供科学依据。方法：采用世界卫生组织通用的龋齿调查方法,以荆门市城区十二所小学2159名学生为对象,调查第一恒磨牙患龋情况,按PEMS 3.1标准进行数据分析。结果：在2159名学生中,第一恒磨牙患龋人数625人,患龋率为28.95%,龋均1.65;患龋牙数1029颗,以12岁儿童多见;女生患龋356人,高于男生的296人,P〈0.01,有显著意义;患龋率随年龄增长而升高,9岁时达高峰;龋坏主要发生在面;下颌的患龋率高于上颌。结论：该市儿童第一恒磨牙患龋情况符合龋病的一般流行病学特点。充分认识第一恒磨牙患龋对儿童的健康危害,有的放矢地指导小学生良好的口腔卫生习惯和生活饮食习惯,采取窝沟封闭、局部及全身补氟,可有效预防龋病,降低第一恒磨牙患龋率。     

苏州市7～14岁学生口腔健康综合干预疗效分析

目的对苏州市7～14岁学生进行综合口腔健康干预,探索适宜的学生口腔健康干预措施。方法分层抽取4所学校的学生608名,随机分成干预组和对照组,给予口腔检查,对干预组学生采取强化口腔健康教育、右下第一恒磨牙做窝沟封闭和涂氟保护漆,1年后再次对2组学生进行口腔复查,记录结果并分析。结果干预前,2组学生患龋率没有差异;干预后,干预组学生患龋率低于对照组,有显著差别;干预组新发病率也低于对照组。结论口腔健康综合干预措施能有效降低学生的患龋率及发病率。     

窝沟封闭剂联合涂氟预防儿童第一恒磨牙龋病效果的临床研究

目的 研究窝沟封闭剂联合涂氟对儿童第一恒磨牙的防龋效果。方法 选取2020年6月上海浦东新区宣桥镇3所小学450名一年级学生作为研究对象。按照自身半口对照方法分为对照组和实验组。对照组为左侧上下颌第一恒磨牙，共900颗，采用窝沟封闭剂；实验组为右侧上下颌第一恒磨牙，共900颗，采用窝沟封闭剂联合涂布含5%氟化钠的多乐氟，两组均随访2年。观察并记录两组牙齿预防后6个月、1年和2年后的封闭剂保存情况及龋病、邻面龋发生率。结果 预防后6个月、1年、2年，实验组牙齿封闭剂保存完整率（100.00%、100.00%、94.90%）显著高于对照组（100.00%、82.40%、74.70%），差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。实验组第一恒磨牙龋病和邻面龋的发病率为7.30%和2.40%，显著低于对照组的11.10%和8.00%，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 应用窝沟封闭剂联合涂氟可显著降低封闭剂脱落率，降低儿童第一恒磨牙龋病及邻面龋的发生率，用于儿童第一恒磨牙龋病的预防中具有显著作用。     

乌鲁木齐市7～9岁儿童第一恒磨牙龋病及萌出情况调查

目的:调查新疆乌鲁木齐市7～9岁儿童第一恒磨牙龋和萌出状况,为龋病的防治工作提供参考。方法:采用全国第二次口腔健康流行病学调查方法,统计第一恒磨牙患龋率、龋均,龋面均、未萌出率。分析年龄、性别与患龋率的关系,以及龋病的好发牙位、牙面。结果:2 422名儿童恒磨牙总患龋率为18.04%,龋均0.32,龋面均0.52,未萌出率11.23%;女生患龋率略高于男生,且随年龄升高而上升;7岁组患龋率和龋均最低;上颌好发于牙合面、舌腭面,下颌好发于牙合面、颊面。结论:乌鲁木齐7～9岁儿童第一恒磨牙龋损呈上升趋势。应加强口腔卫生指导,积极预防并早期治疗恒磨牙龋病。     

氟化物涂膜预防农村地区儿童未建 第一恒磨牙龋

目的探讨氟化物涂膜在预防农村地区儿童未建 第一恒磨牙龋病中的临床效果。 方法运用简单随机抽样方法选取广州市花都区农村地区6~7岁一年级儿童476人,共1462颗未建 第一恒磨牙纳入研究。试验组(n=212,697颗磨牙)两年内每半年予1次牙面涂布氟化物涂膜(多乐氟?),共计5次。对照组(n=264,765颗磨牙)牙面不做涂氟处理。试验开始后每半年复查两组儿童的龋病发病情况。 结果6个月后两组儿童第一恒磨牙龋病发病率、龋面均之间差异无统计学意义(P_发病率=1.000;t_龋面均=0.005,P_龋面均=0.996)。12个月后两组儿童第一恒磨牙龋病发病率、龋面均之间差异无统计学意义(χ²_发病率=1.489,P_发病率=0.222;t_龋面均=1.417,P_龋面均=0.157)。24个月后两组儿童第一恒磨牙龋病发病率、龋面均之间的差异扩大且差异均具有统计学意义(χ²_发病率=11.645,P_发病率=0.001;t_龋面均=3.408,P_龋面均=0.001)。 结论氟化物涂膜能够有效预防农村地区儿童未建 第一恒磨牙龋的发生,值得临床推广应用。     

Effectiveness of chlorhexidine-thymol varnish for caries reduction in permanent first molars of 6-7-year-old children: 24-month clinical trial

OBJECTIVES: To determine the effect of chlorhexidine varnish on the prevention of caries in permanent first molars. METHODS: Two groups of 6-7-year-old school children were followed up in a clinical trial, a group of 86 children whose teeth were treated with a chlorhexidine-thymol varnish (Cervitec) and a control group of 95 children. The varnish was reapplied every 3 months and the caries increments were compared at 24 months. RESULTS: The DFS (decayed and filled surfaces in permanent first molars) increment in the control group (mean = 1.85; SD = 2.27) was higher than in the test group (mean = 0.95; SD = 1.38), resulting in a 48.6% caries reduction. This difference was statistically significant (P = 0.032). CONCLUSIONS: Chlorhexidine-thymol varnish is effective in preventing caries in permanent first molars.     

A 48-month survival analysis comparing sealant (Delton) with fluoride varnish (Duraphat) in 6- to 8-year-old children

Abstract The objective of this study was to compare Delton visible-light fissure sealant with Duraphat fluoride varnish in the prevention of occlusal caries in permanent first molars. A 48-month clinical trial was carried out in three groups of 6- to 8-year-old schoolchildren: a sealant group (104 children), in which Delton was used; a varnish group (112 children), in which Duraphat was used; and a control group (128 children). Sealant or varnish was applied to all sound permanent first molars, according to group. Replacement (sealant) and reapplication (varnish) was carried out every 6 months. A survival analysis was used to describe the molar failures over time in the three groups. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was built to test the influence of group on molar failure. The median survival times were 28.6 months for the control molars and more than 48 months for both sealed and varnished molars. The Cox model indicated a hazard ratio of 0.177 for the sealant vs control comparison, 0.463 for varnish vs control and 0.382 for sealant vs varnish.     

Effectiveness of visible light fissure sealant (Delton) versus fluoride varnish (Duraphat): 24-month clinical trial

Abstract The present study compares visible-light Delton with Duraphat fluoride varnish for the prevention of occlusal caries in permanent first molars. A clinical trial was carried out in three groups of 6–8-yr-old schoolchildren: a sealant group (100 children), in which Delton light-polymerized fissure sealant was applied to permanent first molars; a varnish group (98 children), in which Duraphat was applied to permanent first molars; and a control group (116 children). Replacement (sealant) and reapplication (varnish) was carried out every 6 months. Percent effectiveness at 24 months (percentage of saving from caries taking molars as analysis unit) for those molars initially healthy and with complete occlusal eruption was analyzed. 272, 252 and 238 molars met the inclusion criteria in the control, varnish and sealant groups, respectively. Of these, 45.2%, 28.2% and 10.5% developed caries after 24 months. The effectiveness was greater in the sealed molars than in the varnished molars (62.7%i).     

氟化钠护齿剂在预防学龄前儿童乳牙龋齿中的疗效观察

目的:观察氟化钠护齿剂预防儿童乳牙龋齿的效果,为全面开展学龄前儿童涂氟防龋提供依据。方法:采取随机整群抽样方法,在上海市徐汇区抽取25所公办幼儿园3~4岁小班儿童共1140名作为研究对象,在儿童家长知情同意的情况下,本着自愿原则,将研究对象分为2组。涂氟组762名,每半年涂氟1次,连续2年共涂布4次;对照组378名,不做涂氟处理。对所有入组儿童进行口腔卫生指导,比较2组儿童患龋率、龋均、龋病发病率、新增龋均的情况,采用SAS 9.4软件包进行统计学分析。结果:2年后,对照组的患龋率、龋均、龋病发生率和新增龋均均显著高于涂氟组（P<0.05）。结论:在学龄前儿童中应用氟化钠护齿剂,能有效降低乳牙龋病发生率和新增龋均,值得在学龄前儿童中推广应用。     

Sealant and fluoride varnish in caries: a randomized trial

Little is known about the effect of discontinuation of sealant or fluoride varnish. The purpose of this study was to compare sealant with fluoride varnish in the prevention of occlusal caries in permanent first molars of children over a nine-year period: 4 yrs for program evaluation plus 5 yrs of discontinuation. A clinical trial was conducted on three groups of six- to eight-year-old schoolchildren: a control group (n = 45); a group (n = 37) in which sealant was applied and reapplied up to 36 mos; and a group (n = 38) in which fluoride varnish was applied and re-applied up to 42 mos. Percent caries reduction was studied in these initially healthy molars with complete occlusal eruption: 129 (control), 113 (sealant), and 129 (varnish) molars met inclusion criteria. Of these, 76.7%, 26.6%, and 55.8% had developed occlusal caries at 9 yrs, which implies caries reductions of 65.4% (SE = 8.5%) for sealants vs. control and 27.3% (SE = 10.2%) for varnish vs. control. Furthermore, the varnish program was not effective during the discontinuation period.     

Three-year study of the effect of fluoride varnish (Duraphat) on proximal caries progression in teenagers

Abstract – The effect of sodium fluoride varnish (Duraphat) applications on proximal caries progression was studied during a 3-yr period in 87 teenagers and compared to a control group (n= 107). In the fluoride varnish group the children were treated with fluoride varnish every third month during the experimental period. Caries lesions on the mesial surfaces of first premolars to the mesial surfaces of second molars were recorded annually on radiographs and an individual progression value was calculated. The study showed that topical application of fluoride varnish every third month significantly (p<0.05) reduced the progression of proximal caries lesions in premolars and molars. The most obvious reduction of caries progression was observed among children who developed between two and eight new proximal lesions during the test period. In the children with the highest caries activity (> nine new proximal lesions) Duraphat treatments did not significantly reduce proximal caries progression in premolars and molars.     

Dependence of caries protective effect of fluoride varnishes applications on first permanent molars in schoolchildren on the intensity of caries of temporary teeth

There are four-year clinical research results of the efficacy of the varnishes with different fluoride compounds on first permanent molars in young schoolchildren depending on the lesion of caries of temporary molars. It was determined that for children, whose molars were healthy during the basic examination, the highest caries protective effect was achieved with the help of varnish, containing CaF(2) (the reduction of increase of the intensity of caries of permanent molars formed 59.7%), and for children with initial high lesion of caries of permanent molars the best caries preventive effect was achieved with the varnish "Bifluorid 12?" (the reduction of increase of the intensity of caries of permanent molars formed 52.5%).     

3种不同方法预防儿童恒牙龋的临床效果评价

目的： 对氟保护漆、氟化泡沫和含氟窝沟封闭剂预防儿童恒牙龋的临床效果进行比较,寻找适合在学校开展的龋病预防适宜技术。方法：应用随机对照试验方法,将来自4个学校、33个班级的1016名 7~8岁儿童随机分为4组。第1组应用氟保护漆,半年应用1次;第2组应用氟化泡沫,半年应用1次;第3组应用含氟窝沟封闭剂,一次性使用;第4组为对照组,仅做口腔卫生宣教。比较2年后4组儿童第一恒磨牙的防龋效果。采用SPSS18.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果：2年后, 977名儿童（随访率为96.2%）接受龋病复查。多因素协方差分析结果显示,氟保护漆组和含氟窝沟封闭组与对照组相比,新增龋面均显著减少（P<0.05）。氟化泡沫组与对照组相比,新增龋均和龋面均无显著差异（P>0.05）。结论：氟保护漆（半年使用1次）和含氟窝沟封闭剂对儿童恒牙有良好的防龋效果。