食管鳞癌组织中3-磷酸肌醇激酶和CD44v6的表达及其临床意义

目的 研究3-磷酸肌醇激酶(P13K)和CD44v6在食管鳞癌组织中的表达及其与食管鳞癌细胞发生、发展与转移的关系以及P13K和CD44v6两者之间的相关性.方法 应用免疫组织化学链霉卵白素-过氧化物酶法检测24例正常食管黏膜、94例食管鳞癌组织中P13K和CD44v6的表达情况.结果 食管癌组织中P13K和CD44v6的阳性表达率与正常食管黏膜组织相比差异均有统计学意义(4.2%vs 71.3%、4.2% vs 76.6%,均P<0.01).随着浸润深度和临床分期的增加,P13K和CD44v6表达增多,各组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),P13K、CD44v6在淋巴结转换阳性的癌组织中表达高于无淋巴结转移组(92.0%vs 47.7%,90.0%vs 61.4,均P<0.01),P13K与CD44v6表达呈显著正相关(r=0.230,P<0.05).结论 P13K和CD44v6表达均与食管癌发生、发展及侵袭转移有关,可作为评价食管鳞癌生物学行为的指标.在食管癌的发生发展中P13K和CD44v6协同促进肿瘤的恶性进展.     

食管鳞癌组织中talin mRNA的表达及其与浸润转移的关系

目的:检测食管鳞癌组织中talin mRNA的表达,并探讨其与食管鳞癌发生及浸润转移的关系.方法:应用原位杂交方法检测60例食管鳞癌组织及其相应的30例癌旁不典型增生组织和20例正常食管黏膜组织中talin mRNA的表达.结果:食管鳞癌组织中talin mRNA阳性表达率低于癌旁不典型增生组织和正常食管黏膜组织(P<0.05).食管鳞癌组织中talin mRNA 阳性表达与临床分期、浸润深度及淋巴结转移有关(均P<0.05).而与患者年龄、性别及分化程度无关(均P>0.05).结论:人食管癌组织中talin mRNA表达明显降低,talin的低表达有望成为食管癌恶性转化及与其浸润转移有关的一种新的标志物.     

内镜超声结合E-钙粘素和CD44v6检查在食管癌诊断中的价值

目的　探讨术前内镜超声检查 (EUS)及E -钙粘素 (E -CD)、CD4 4v6表达在食管癌术前分期诊断中的价值。方法　对 5 8例食管鳞癌患者术后标本应用SP法检测E -CD和CD4 4v6的表达 ,对其中 30例食管鳞癌患者术前进行了EUS。结果　EUS诊断食管鳞癌术前TNM分期与术后病理分期对照 ,其T期总的准确率为 83% ,N期总的准确率为 77%。E -CD、CD4 4v6阳性表达率与食管鳞癌患者肿瘤细胞浸润深度、淋巴结转移显著有关 (P <0 .0 1) ,与食管癌患者临床分期有关 (P <13.0 5 )。但在食管鳞癌原发灶中E -CD和CD4 4v6表达无相关性 (P >0 .0 5 )。食管癌患者中UESTN分期与E -CD、CD4 4v6阳性表达率显著相关 (P<0 .0 1)。结论　E -CD和CD4 4v6均可反映食管癌生物学行为的指标 ,将两种细胞粘附分子的检测与EUS结合起来 ,能更准确地对食管癌患者进行TNM分期。     

趋化因子受体7在食管鳞状细胞癌组织中表达的相关研究

目的探讨趋化因子受体7(CXCR7)在食管鳞状细胞癌(食管鳞癌)组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法收集2014年1月至2015年12月新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院手术切除的食管癌组织蜡块标本60例,经病理证实癌组织类型为鳞癌。采用免疫组化S-P法,按照试剂盒操作说明书检测食管鳞癌及癌旁正常组织中CXCR7的表达,分析食管鳞癌组织中CXCR7的表达与患者临床病理特征的关系。结果在食管鳞癌组织中,CXCR7主要定位于细胞质和细胞膜中,呈淡黄色或棕黄色颗粒。食管鳞癌组织中CXCR7的阳性表达率为71.2%(43/60),阴性表达率为28.3%(17/60),癌旁组织中CXCR7的阳性表达率仅为6.7%(4/60),CXCR7在癌旁组织中阴性表达率为93.3%(56/60)。CXCR7在食管癌组织中的阳性表达率高于癌旁组织,差异有统计学意义(χ2=53.197,P=0.000)。CXCR7表达与肿瘤TNM分期及淋巴结转移有关(P0.05)。发生淋巴结转移、TNM分期为Ⅱ~Ⅲ期的食管癌患者CXCR7的阳性表达率高于未发生淋巴结转移、TNM分期为Ⅰ期的食管癌患者,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。采用COX回归分析显示,肿瘤淋巴结转移和CXCR7的表达为食管癌独立的预后影响因素。Kaplan-Meier分析显示,患者CXCR7的表达高,生存时间更短,低CXCR7表达的患者生存时间更长(P=0.000)。结论 CXCR7可能参与了食管癌发展和淋巴结转移过程。     

食管癌和淋巴结组织中生存素和CD44v6的表达及临床意义

目的研究生存素和CD44v6在食管癌组织中的表达及其与食管癌细胞发生、发展与转移的关系。方法应用免疫组化SP法检测94例食管鳞癌和83例淋巴结中生存素和CD44v6的表达情况。结果原发癌组织中生存素与浸润深度有关(P<0.05);原发癌组织中CD44v6表达率与淋巴结转移、浸润深度和临床分期等因素有关(P<0.05);原发癌组织和转移淋巴结组织中生存素和CD44v6表达率均高于无转移淋巴结组织(P<0.05);原发癌组织和转移淋巴结组织中生存素和CD44v6表达率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);生存素和CD44v6在淋巴结中表达无相关性(P>0.05)。结论生存素和CD44v6在食管癌组织和转移淋巴结中高表达,在食管癌的发生发展过程中具有重要作用,可作为评价食管癌生物学行为的指标。     

CD44v6和nm23H1基因在甲状腺乳头状腺癌中的表达及临床意义

目的 :探讨甲状腺乳头状腺癌 (PTC)CD44v6和nm2 3H1基因表达与肿瘤侵袭转移的关系。方法 :应用催化信号放大系统原位杂交技术检测 46例PTC组织中CD44v6mRNA和nm2 3H1mRNA的表达。结果 :在PTC中CD 44v6mRNA和nm 2 3H 1mRNA表达阳性率分别为 76 1%和 63 0 % ,CD44v6mRNA表达阳性率在有浸润有淋巴结转移的PTC组织中显著高于无浸润无淋巴结转移者 (P <0 0 5 ) ;nm2 3H1mRNA表达阳性率则显著低于无浸润、无淋巴结转移者 (P <0 0 5 ) ;在PTC中CD44v6mRNA和nm2 3H1mRNA的阳性表达呈负相关 (r =-0 .3 6,P <0 0 0 5 )。结论 :CD44v6mRNA和nm 2 3H 1mRNA的表达与PTC侵袭转移密切相关 ,检测CD44v6mRNA和nm 2 3H 1mRNA的表达可作为判断PTC预后的参考指标。     

XIAP蛋白在食管鳞癌中的表达及意义

目的:观察XIAP蛋白在食管鳞癌组织中的表达,探讨XIAP与食管鳞癌的相关性.方法:应用免疫组织化学方法检测168例食管鳞癌组织和30例癌旁正常食管黏膜组织XIAP蛋白的表达.结果:食管鳞癌组织中XIAP蛋白的阳性表达率为78.6%(132/168),正常食管黏膜组织中XIAP蛋白的阳性表达率为16.7%(5/30),XIAP蛋白阳性表达率在食管鳞癌组织和正常食管黏膜组织中差异具有统计学意义(P ＝ 0.000),XIAP蛋白表达与食管鳞癌组织学分级、临床分期和淋巴结转移情况具有一定关系(P ＝ 0.005、P ＝ 0.023、P ＝ 0.013).结论:XIAP表达异常在食管鳞癌发生发展中具有重要作用,检测XIAP的表达对判断食管鳞癌的预后具有重要意义,XIAP有可能成为食管癌基因治疗新的靶标.     

CD44v6与热休克蛋白60在子宫颈鳞癌组织中的表达

目的:研究人子宫颈鳞癌组织中CD44v6、热休克蛋白(HSPs)60的表达状态,并探讨它们与宫颈鳞癌的关系。方法:应用LSAB免疫组织化学法检测50例宫颈鳞癌组织、15例宫颈癌旁组织及15例正常宫颈组织中CD44v6、HSP60的表达。结果:CD44v6、HSP60蛋白定位于宫颈鳞癌细胞的胞质中,在正常宫颈组织、癌旁组织及宫颈鳞癌组织中表达的阳性率分别为20.0%、33.3%、74.0%和33.3%、46.7%、88.0%。CD44v6、HSP60在宫颈鳞癌组织中表达阳性率较癌旁组织及正常宫颈组织升高,差异有显著性(P<0.01)。结论:CD44v6、HSP60在宫颈鳞癌组织中过度表达可能与宫颈鳞癌的发生、发展有密切关系。     

肿瘤干细胞标记物CD166CD44v6在食管癌中的表达及其意义

目的 探讨CD166及CD44v6在食管癌中的表达,探讨其临床意义.方法采用免疫组化法检测CD166及CD44v6在食管癌中的表达,分析其与临床及病理各参数的相关性.结果 食管鳞癌组织中CD166蛋白表达的总阳性率为76.19%.其表达率在性别和年龄之间无明显区别,但是在肿瘤浸润、分化程度以及淋巴结转移上有着明显的差异.CD166与CD44v6蛋白表达的一致性一般.结论 CD166和CD44v6的表达与食管癌的恶性程度以及侵袭、转移程度相关.     

食管癌中CD44V6的表达及其意义

目的：探讨CD44V6在食管癌组织中的表达和临床意义。方法：采用免疫组化方法检测61例食管鳞癌手术切除标本及26例癌旁组织的CD44V6表达情况。结果：食管鳞癌组织CD44V6阳性表达率为73．77％（45／61）；CD44V6表达与浸润深度、临床分期、淋巴结转移和患者生存期有明显相关性（P〈0．01）。结论：CD44V6的表达可以作为判断食管癌恶性潜能的重要生物学指标。     

Measurement of L-carnitine and acylcarnitines in body fluids and tissues in children and in adults

We have developed a reliable and validated radio-enzymatic method for the assay of L-carnitine and acylcarnitines, using a modification of existing methods. The sensitivity of the assay is 10 mumol/l using 10 microliters of plasma or urine. It is also suitable for measurements of carnitine in a 10 mg sample of liver or muscle obtained by percutaneous biopsy. The use of N-ethylmaleimide in the reaction mixture together with an excess of [1-14C]acetyl CoA ensures that the reaction proceeds to completion and a linear response is obtained. Using this method control ranges have been established for plasma and urine carnitine concentrations in healthy children and adults, and for the carnitine content of liver and muscle in adults. No significant difference was found between fasting and post-prandial plasma carnitine levels. An age-related increase was found in urinary total carnitine and acylcarnitine concentration throughout childhood. These data provide a reliable basis for studies of patients with abnormal carnitine and acylcarnitine metabolism, distribution and excretion.     

Rosamicin in Urethral and Vaginal Secretions and Tissues in Dogs and Rats

In animal studies we investigated the distribution of rosamicin in plasma and urethral and vaginal tissues in rats as well as in urethral and vaginal secretions in dogs. We found concentration ratios between urethral secretion and plasma of 1.9 and between vaginal secretion and plasma of 2.4. The rosamicin concentrations in urethral and vaginal tissue significantly exceeded the levels of all other tissues investigated. Because rosamicin could be valuable for the treatment of bacterial urethritis and the colonization of the vaginal introitus with fecal bacteria in women, it should be investigated clinically in this respect.     

Issues and challenges in nursing and nursing education in Japan

In this editorial we discuss the challenges and issues in nursing and nurse education in Japan. These include a rapid growth in the number of universities offering nursing programs without sufficient time for preparation of faculty; issues in the traditional ways of teaching in classrooms; the appearance of nursing shortages in a country with the highest rate of longevity in the world; and the position of nursing faculty in a society that is largely male dominated.     

Similarities and differences in clients treated and in medications prescribed by APRNs and psychiatrists in a CMHC

This study is part of a larger study comparing prescribing practices of psychiatrists and advanced practice psychiatric nurses (APRNs) using the following three groups of patients: patients treated by psychiatrists, those treated by APRNs, and those treated by both APRNs and psychiatrists at different times in 1 year. Demographics for 5507 patients were examined. A subsample of APRNs and psychiatrists prescribed similar total numbers of medications. Psychiatrists prescribed more types of antidepressant medications other than the SSRI antidepressants, and they prescribed more than twice the number of benzodiazepines. APRNs prescribed more SSRIs and spent more time with clients during medication visits.     

Racial differences in oxidative stress and inflammation: in vitro and in vivo

African American race is an independent risk factor for enhanced oxidative stress and inflammation. We sought to examine whether oxidative-stress and inflammatory markers that are typically measured in humans also differ by race in cell culture. We compared levels between African American and Caucasian young adults and then separately in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) from both races. We found heightened oxidative stress and inflammation in the African Americans both in vitro and in vivo. African American HUVECs showed higher nitric oxide (NO) levels (10.8 ± 0.4 vs. 8.8 ± 0.7 μmol/L/mg, p = 0.03), Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels (61.7 ± 4.2 vs. 23.9 ± 9.0 pg/mg, p = 0.02), and lower superoxide dismutase activity (15.6 ± 3.3 vs. 25.4 ± 2.8 U/mg, p = 0.04), and also higher protein expression (p < 0.05) of NADPH oxidase subunit p47phox, isoforms NOX2 and NOX4, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS), inducible NOS, as well as IL-6. African American adults had higher plasma protein carbonyls (1.1 ± 0.1 vs. 0.8 ± 0.1 nmol/mg, p = 0.01) and antioxidant capacity (2.3 ± 0.2 vs. 1.1 ± 0.3 mM, p = 0.01). These preliminary translational data demonstrate a racial difference in HUVECs much like that in humans, but should be interpreted with caution given its preliminary nature. It is known that racial differences exist in how humans respond to development and progression of disease, therefore these data suggest that ethnicity of cell model may be important to consider with in vitro clinical research.