磁共振动态增强与增强CT对胰腺囊性疾病的诊断价值

目的探讨磁共振(MRI)动态增强与增强CT检查对胰腺囊性疾病的临床诊断价值。方法选取2016年7月至2018年12月在邓州市人民医院就诊的79例胰腺囊性疾病患者,均先后进行增强CT和MRI动态增强检查,并经术后病理进行确诊。比较MRI动态增强与增强CT检查对胰腺囊性疾病的诊断准确率。结果所有研究对象均经病理进行确诊,包括假性囊肿21例,黏液性囊腺瘤17例,导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤11例,实性假乳头状瘤9例,囊性胰腺癌8例,浆液性囊腺瘤6例,神经内分泌肿瘤4例,真性囊肿3例。MRI动态增强检查对胰腺囊性疾病的检出率(77例,97.47%)高于增强CT检查(69例,87.34%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论增强CT与MRI动态增强检查对胰腺囊性疾病的诊断均具有较高临床价值,其中MRI动态增强检查的检出率更高,为病情评估以及临床治疗方案的选择提供了重要依据。     

胰腺黏液性囊腺瘤和囊腺癌23例分析

目的探讨胰腺黏液性囊腺瘤和囊腺癌的诊断和治疗。方法对我院1993年5月~2005年10月收治的均经病理证实为胰腺黏液性囊腺瘤和囊腺癌患者23例临床特点和治疗结果进行回顾性分析。结果本组胰腺黏液性囊腺瘤15例、黏液性囊腺癌4例、黏液性囊腺瘤癌变4例。B超、CT和MRI/MRCP诊断正确率分别为73.7%、68.8%和83.3%。肿瘤平均长径为9.4cm,最大长径为20cm。根据肿瘤部位分别行胰十二指肠切除术、胰体尾切除 脾脏切除术、囊腺瘤单纯切除术等术式,手术切除率为82.6%。随访21例(随访率为91.3%),黏液性囊腺瘤14例,均健在,随访时间4月~11年。黏液性囊腺瘤癌变2例健在,随访时间分别为5月和4年,另2例死亡,术后生存时间分别为15月和18月。黏液性囊腺癌1例随访5月健在,2例死亡,术后存活分别为7月和13月。结论黏液性囊腺瘤有潜在恶性倾向。囊腺癌属低度恶性,手术切除率髙,切除预后好。手术应尽量保证肿瘤完整切除,切除范围应包括所在部位的部分胰腺,根据肿瘤部位可选择胰十二指肠切除或胰体尾切除等术式。     

胰腺上皮性囊性肿瘤的影像诊断

目的：探讨胰腺上皮性囊性肿瘤的诊断与鉴别诊断方法。方法：回顾性研究17例经手术及病理确诊的胰腺囊性病变的CT和MRI影像学特点。结合临床资料及病理特征加以总结,以此作为鉴别诊断的依据。结果：胰腺上皮源性囊性肿瘤少见．约占胰腺肿瘤的10％。恶性肿瘤中只有2％～4％为囊性。主要有以下4种类型：浆液性囊腺瘤（5例）,黏液性囊腺瘤（3例,其中1例为癌）,实性假乳头状肿瘤（6例）,导管内乳头状黏液肿瘤（3例）。除浆液性囊腺瘤外,其他均属于恶性或潜在恶性肿瘤。结论：胰腺囊性肿瘤病变的影像诊断与鉴别诊断需综合判断,除分析囊腔的大小、形态、囊壁及分隔等表现外,还应结合临床资料。胰腺囊性肿瘤都具有其特征性的CT和MRI征象,可以对大部分肿瘤作出鉴别诊断。     

胰腺黏液性囊腺瘤和囊腺癌23例分析

目的 探讨胰腺黏液性囊腺瘤和囊腺癌的诊断和治疗.方法 对我院1993年5月～ 2005年10月收治的均经病理证实为胰腺黏液性囊腺瘤和囊腺癌患者23例临床特点和治疗结果进行回顾性分析.结果 本组胰腺黏液性囊腺瘤15例、黏液性囊腺癌4例、黏液性囊腺瘤癌变4例.B超、CT和MRI/MRCP诊断正确率分别为73.7%、68.8%和83.3%.肿瘤平均长径为9.4 cm,最大长径为20 cm.根据肿瘤部位分别行胰十二指肠切除术、胰体尾切除+脾脏切除术、囊腺瘤单纯切除术等术式,手术切除率为82.6%.随访21例(随访率为91.3%),黏液性囊腺瘤14例,均健在,随访时间4月～ 11年.黏液性囊腺瘤癌变2例健在,随访时间分别为5月和4年,另2例死亡,术后生存时间分别为15月和18月.黏液性囊腺癌1例随访5月健在,2例死亡,术后存活分别为7月和13月.结论 黏液性囊腺瘤有潜在恶性倾向.囊腺癌属低度恶性,手术切除率髙,切除预后好.手术应尽量保证肿瘤完整切除,切除范围应包括所在部位的部分胰腺,根据肿瘤部位可选择胰十二指肠切除或胰体尾切除等术式.     

胰腺囊性肿瘤的诊断与治疗

目的探讨胰腺囊性肿瘤的诊断和治疗。方法回顾性分析2008年1月-2012年7月间56例本院胰腺囊性肿瘤患者的临床资料,男性15例,女性41例,男女比例为1：2.73,其中浆液性囊腺瘤12例,黏液性囊腺瘤22例,黏液性囊腺瘤癌6例,导管内乳头状囊腺瘤3例和乳头状囊腺瘤癌1例,实性假乳头状瘤12例。结果所有患者均经手术治疗,胰十二指肠切除术13例,胰腺肿瘤节段切除术4例,1例因肿瘤侵及周围脏器及大血管行胃空肠及胆肠吻合术,1例行胰腺钩突部肿瘤切除、部分十二指肠空肠切除、十二指肠空肠吻合术,胰腺肿瘤局部切除术3例,胰体尾切除术18例,保留脾脏的腹腔镜胰体尾切除术8例,腹腔镜胰体尾加脾切除2例,腹腔镜胰腺肿瘤局部切除术6例。本组无围手术期死亡,腹腔感染2例,胃排空障碍3例,胰瘘4例,胆漏2例,均经保守治疗痊愈。结论 B超、CT和MRI是胰腺囊性肿瘤的主要诊断方法,具体手术方式应根据肿瘤所在部位、病理类型、与主胰管的关系以及患者全身情况综合考虑。     

不同病理类型胰腺囊性病变的CT影像诊断及分析

目的:深入研究胰腺囊性病变的CT影像特点,寻找不同病理类型病变的影像特异性,提高诊断水平,为临床治疗提供方向。方法:回顾性分析21例经本院手术及病理确诊的胰腺囊性病变,分析CT影像表现,结合临床及病理学特征,作出诊断及鉴别诊断依据。结果:真性囊肿3例,假性囊肿5例,导管内乳头状黏液瘤(癌)2例,浆液性囊腺瘤2例,黏液性囊腺瘤(癌)5例,实性乳头状瘤4例。结论:CT对于胰腺囊性病变的诊断及鉴别诊断具有重要的临床诊断价值。     

胰腺囊性肿瘤的影像诊断及其鉴别诊断

目的探讨胰腺囊性肿瘤的CT和MRI影像学表现及其鉴别诊断要点。方法回顾性分析经手术病理证实的胰腺囊性肿瘤44例。结果 (1)黏液性囊腺瘤(MCN)17例,位于胰腺体尾部11例,多表现为大囊性病灶,边界清楚,部分可见壁结节及分隔,平均直径约73.0mm,6例发生恶变;(2)浆液性囊腺瘤(SCN)11例,年龄在48~73岁,微囊型8例,其中5例表现为放射状排列间隔,寡囊型2例,实性浆液性囊腺瘤1例;(3)导管内乳头状瘤(IPMN)8例,男性6例(75%),平均年龄55岁,分支胰管型5例,主胰管型3例,所有病灶均与胰管相通,7例出现不同程度的胰管扩张;(4)胰腺实性假乳头状瘤(SPN)8例,均为女性,平均年龄29岁,均为囊实性病变,其中5例病变有出血。结论本文通过分析胰腺囊性肿瘤CT和MRI影像特点及鉴别要点,以提高该病的术前影像诊断。     

胰腺囊性肿瘤的手术治疗时机和方式探讨

 【目的】 初步探讨胰腺囊性肿瘤的手术治疗时机?方式以及术后并发症的处理【方法】 回顾性分析我院自1998年1月至2009年12月收治的31例胰腺囊性肿瘤患者的临床,病理以及术后随访资料;其中胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤16例,黏液性囊腺瘤8例(其中1例为黏液性囊腺癌),导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤4例,实性假乳头状瘤3例;肿瘤位于胰头颈部者12例,位于胰体尾部者19例【结果】 所有患者均经手术治疗,其中10例行胰十二指肠切除术?1例行保留十二指肠的胰头切除术?10例行胰体尾切除术,2例行腹腔镜下胰体尾肿瘤切除术,3例行胰腺肿瘤局部剜除术?4例行胰腺节段切除术;1例黏液性囊腺癌患者仅可行姑息手术,本组病例无围手术期死亡,2例患者术后发生胃瘫,4例患者术后发生胰瘘,均可经保守治疗痊愈,除1例囊腺癌患者外,其余30例患者随访6~96个月,均未出现胰腺肿瘤复发或转移【结论】 胰腺囊性肿瘤的具体病理类型术前很难准确判断,对于难以定性的囊性肿瘤及时手术是防止肿瘤癌变的重要手段;手术方式选择应该个体化,并应遵循损伤控制性原则,有条件的单位应该多开展经腹腔镜微创手术     

多层螺旋CT在胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤、黏液性囊腺瘤与黏液性囊腺癌诊断中的准确性

目的:探究多层螺旋CT在胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤、黏液性囊腺瘤与黏液性囊腺癌诊断中的准确性。方法:选取2014年4月-2017年6月在本院接受治疗的60例胰腺囊腺瘤患者作为研究对象,对所有患者给予多层螺旋CT诊断,比较胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤、黏液性囊腺瘤/癌的肿瘤位置、分房、钙化情况及CT征象。结果:多层螺旋CT对胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤的诊断准确率为75.0%(18/24),对黏液性囊腺瘤/癌诊断准确率为88.9%(32/36)。浆液性囊腺瘤有6例被误诊为黏液性囊腺瘤,4例黏液性囊腺瘤/癌被误诊为浆液性囊腺瘤。浆液性囊腺瘤多集中在胰头颈部位,占75.0%(18/24);黏液性囊腺瘤/癌位置集中在胰体尾部,占66.7%(24/36),差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。浆液性囊腺瘤分房情况、肿瘤钙化灶、囊壁特征、最大囊直径与黏液性囊腺瘤/癌比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤与黏液性囊腺瘤/癌CT表现不同,可通过多层螺旋CT诊断、鉴别。     

胰腺囊性肿瘤12例诊治体会

目的 提高对胰腺囊性肿瘤诊断与治疗的认识。方法 对12例胰腺囊性肿瘤患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 浆液性囊腺瘤2例,黏液性囊腺瘤3例,黏液性囊腺癌6例,乳头状囊腺瘤1例。行单纯囊腺瘤切除术3例,胰体尾部＋脾切除术6例,胰十二指肠切除术3例,均获得较满意结果。结论 胰腺囊性肿瘤临床症状不一,病理诊断是其确诊的依据,原则上应采取积极手术治疗,预后较胰腺癌好。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.