气体分子硫化氢对自发性高血压大鼠主动脉结构重建的调节作用

目的: 研究新型气体分子硫化氢(H2S)对自发性高血压(SHR)大鼠高血压形成期主动脉几何形态和显微结构的影响并初步探讨其调节主动脉结构重建的作用机制.方法: 4周龄雄性SHR及正常血压(WKY)大鼠各自随机分为对照组、 NaHS(H2S供体)组及 PPG(H2S代谢酶抑制剂)组,5周以后,应用图像采集与分析系统对Weigert染色的胸主动脉显微形态结构做定量分析,应用免疫组织化学的方法检测细胞增殖核抗原(PCNA).结果: 9周龄SHR 对照组大鼠血压显著高于 WKY对照组大鼠[(184±12) mm Hg对(108±23) mm Hg],而SHR NaHS 组大鼠的血压[(158±12) mm Hg]显著低于SHR对照组.SHR对照组大鼠胸主动脉的血管内径、外径、中膜面积以及壁厚与内径的比均显著高于WKY对照组[血管外径(1 999±45) μm对(1 790±96) μm,内径(1 759±91) μm对(1 636±94) μm,中膜面积(0.60±0.06) μm2对(0.48±0.03) μm2,壁厚与内径的比(0.066±0.006)对 (0.060±0.004)],血管平滑肌细胞增殖指数也高于WKY对照组[(0.24± 0.06)对(0.11±0.05)].SHR NaHS组大鼠的多数血管结构指标低于SHR对照组大鼠[外径(1 864±66) μm,内径(1 634±66) μm,中膜面积 (0.53±0.06) μm2,只有壁厚内径比(0.063±0.003)与SHR对照组相比差异无显著性],血管平滑肌细胞增殖指数显著低于SHR对照组大鼠(0.151±0.028).结论: H2S是影响高血压主动脉结构重建的关键因素之一,外源性给予其供体NaHS有助于缓解自发性高血压形成期的主动脉结构重建.     

阿托伐他汀钙对肾性高血压大鼠骨桥蛋白的影响

目的：观察阿托伐他汀钙对肾性高血压大鼠胸主动脉重构及骨桥蛋白(osteopontin,OPN)的影响。方法：通过两肾一夹方法构建高血压大鼠模型。21只大鼠随机取7只作为对照组(n=7),剩余14只建模后随机分为高血压组(n=7)和他汀组(n=7),术后4周末开始用阿托伐他汀钙30 mg/(kg·d)连续灌胃8周。检测大鼠尾动脉收缩压(SBP)、血脂,光镜下观察血管结构变化并计算胸主动脉中层壁厚与内径之比(MT/LD),免疫组织化学法检测OPN的表达水平,荧光定量PCR检测OPN mRNA表达。结果：高血压组的SBP、MT/LD、OPN及OPN mRNA表达比对照组显著升高,高密度脂蛋白（HDL）水平显著降低。他汀组的MT/LD、OPN及OPN mRNA表达比高血压组显著降低,HDL水平显著升高。结论：高血压可导致动脉血管OPN高表达,阿托伐他汀钙可能通过抑制OPN的过度表达而改善动脉血管重构。     

高血压病心脏结构和功能改变与血压和血脂相关性的临床研究

目的 研究高血压病患者心脏病心脏结构和功能改变及相关因素.方法 随机选择高血压病患者100例,分轻度组(1级高血压)48例、中度组(2级高血压)35例、重度组(3级高血压)17例;用超声心动图(UCG)检测患者心脏的结构和功能参数(LAD、LVDd,IVST,LVPWT、EDV、E/A),并检测患者血压(Sbp/Dbp)、血脂(LDL、HDL、TG、CH)值;统计分析三组患者心脏结构和功能的差异及其与血压和血脂的相关性.结果 三组左心室增大率分别为18.75%、51.43%、88.24%;左心房增大率分别为4.16%、22.86%、64.71%;二尖瓣返流率分别为8.33%、25.71%、52.94%;主动脉瓣返流率分别为18.75%、31.43%、64.71%;三者间比较均有显著差异(P<0.05);三组患者心脏结构和功能指标均存在显著的差异(P<0.05);Sbp、Dbp与LAD、LVDd、LVDs、RVDd、IVST、LVPWT、EDV、E/A存在相关性(P<0.05),与主动脉窦内径和升主动脉内径不存在相关性(P>0.05); LDL、HDL、TG和CH与主动脉窦内径和升主动脉内径存在相关性(P<0.05),与其他心脏结构和功能参数不存在相关性(P>0.05).结论 高血压病心脏结构和功能指标可反应心脏受损的程度;心室结构和功能参数可反应血压对心脏的损伤;主动脉窦内径和升主动脉内径增宽可反应长期高血脂对血管的损伤.     

高血压病心脏结构和功能改变与血压和血脂相关性的临床研究

目的 研究高血压病患者心脏病心脏结构和功能改变及相关因素.方法 随机选择高血压病患者100例,分轻度组(1级高血压)48例、中度组(2级高血压)35例、重度组(3级高血压)17例;用超声心动图(UCG)检测患者心脏的结构和功能参数(LAD、LVDd、IVST、LVPWT、EDV、E/A),并检测患者血压(9bp/Dbp)、血脂(LDL、HDL、TG、CH)值,统计分析三组患者心脏结构和功能的差异及其与血压和血脂的相关性.结果 三组左心室增大率分别为18.75%、51.43%、88.24%;左心房增大率分别为4.16%、22.86%、64.71%;二尖瓣返流率分别为8.53%、25.71%、52.94%;主动脉瓣返流率分别为18.75%、31.43%、64.71%;三者间比较均有显著差异(P＜0.05),三组患者心脏结构和功能指标均存在显著的差异(P＜0.05);Sbp、Dbp与LAD、LVDd、LVDs、RVDd、IVBT、LVPWT、EDV、E/A存在相关性(P＜0.05),与主动脉窦内径和升主动脉内径不存在相关性(P＞0.05);LDL、HDL、TG和CH与主动脉窦内径和升主动脉内径存在相关性(P＜0.05),与其他心脏结构和功能参数不存在相关性(P＞0.05).结论 高血压病心脏结构和功能指标可反应心脏受损的程度;心室结构和功能参数可反应血压对心脏的损伤;主动脉窦内径和升主动脉内径增宽可反应长期高血脂对血管的损伤.     

高血压病心脏结构和功能改变与血压和血脂相关性的临床研究

目的 研究高血压病患者心脏病心脏结构和功能改变及相关因素.方法 随机选择高血压病患者100例,分轻度组(1级高血压)48例、中度组(2级高血压)35例、重度组(3级高血压)17例;用超声心动图(UCG)检测患者心脏的结构和功能参数(LAD、LVDd、IVST、LVPWT、EDV、E/A),并检测患者血压(9bp/Dbp)、血脂(LDL、HDL、TG、CH)值,统计分析三组患者心脏结构和功能的差异及其与血压和血脂的相关性.结果 三组左心室增大率分别为18.75%、51.43%、88.24%;左心房增大率分别为4.16%、22.86%、64.71%;二尖瓣返流率分别为8.53%、25.71%、52.94%;主动脉瓣返流率分别为18.75%、31.43%、64.71%;三者间比较均有显著差异(P＜0.05),三组患者心脏结构和功能指标均存在显著的差异(P＜0.05);Sbp、Dbp与LAD、LVDd、LVDs、RVDd、IVBT、LVPWT、EDV、E/A存在相关性(P＜0.05),与主动脉窦内径和升主动脉内径不存在相关性(P＞0.05);LDL、HDL、TG和CH与主动脉窦内径和升主动脉内径存在相关性(P＜0.05),与其他心脏结构和功能参数不存在相关性(P＞0.05).结论 高血压病心脏结构和功能指标可反应心脏受损的程度;心室结构和功能参数可反应血压对心脏的损伤;主动脉窦内径和升主动脉内径增宽可反应长期高血脂对血管的损伤.     

不同年龄自发性高血压大鼠肾内小动脉的形态学重建

目的:探讨高血压大鼠年龄、高血压持续时间与肾内小动脉形态学重建的关系。方法:16,26,40和55周自发性高血压大鼠（SHR）,使肾内小动脉处于最大舒张状态后,在肾组织切片上用光镜配合计算机图像分析法观测肾内小动脉的几何形态。结果:与同龄正常血压大鼠(Wistar-Kyoto,WKY)相比,4个年龄组SHR肾内小动脉的壁厚、壁厚内径比都显著增大;外径在50-200 μm间的小动脉还伴有壁面积的增加;40和55周SHR外径在20-50 μm间的小动脉内径减小。肾内小动脉的形态学改变与年龄和高血压状态有关。结论:高血压是16-55周龄SHR肾内小动脉重建的主要因素,外径在50 μm以下的肾内小动脉的重建以中膜平滑肌细胞的重排为主,外径在50 μm以上的肾内小动脉的重建则存在中膜平滑肌细胞的增殖。     

大电导钙离子激活钾通道对糖尿病大鼠冠状动脉血管张力的调节

目的 探讨大电导钙离子激活钾通道(BK通道)对糖尿病冠状动脉血管张力调节作用,阐明糖尿病冠状动脉血管损伤的机制.方法 采用电视显微系统测定BK通道对正常冠状动脉血管调节作用;采用链脲霉素腹腔内注射建立大鼠糖尿病动物模型,酶消化法分离冠状动脉平滑肌细胞,全细胞膜片钳实验记录正常和糖尿病冠状动脉平滑肌细胞BK通道电流;采用多导微血管张力测定仪测定正常和糖尿病冠状动脉血管张力的变化.结果 当加入BK通道特异性阻滞剂iberiotoxin(IBTX)100 nmol/L后,冠状动脉血管内径可缩小50%以上,加入IBTX前和9 min时血管内径分别为131 μm和51 μm;与正常组相比,当刺激电压＞60 mV时,糖尿病冠状动脉BK通道电流密度就开始降低,在刺激电压为150 mV时,电流密度分别为(275±40)pA/pF和(70±10)pA/pF;当加入100mmol/L KCl后,正常和糖尿病冠状动脉血管张力分别为(398±38)mg和(390±35)mg(P＞0.05),当加入100 nmol/L IBTX后正常和糖尿病冠状动脉血管张力分别为(395±40)mg和(50±7)mg(P＜0.05).结论 BK通道对正常冠状动脉血管张力有调节作用,糖尿病时冠状动脉平滑肌细胞BK通道功能受损,BK电流降低,血管张力增加.     

高血压和膏老对冠状动脉重构的影响

目的：研究高血压和老化对冠状对脉结构和功能的影响。方法：以４，１６，２６，４０，５５周龄的自发性高血压大鼠（ＳＨＲ）和同种系正常血压的京都种大鼠（ＷＫＹ）为动物模型，离体灌注测定冠状动脉最大流量（ＭＣＦ），光镜下测量冠状动脉外径（ＯＤ）、内径（ＬＤ）、冠状对脉壁横截面积（ＣＳＡ）及横断面积和内径比（ＣＳＡ／ＬＤ）。     

结缔组织生长因子 肝细胞生长因子与肾血管性高血压大鼠血管重塑的相关性研究

目的:探讨结缔组织生长因子(CTGF)和肝细胞生长因子(HGF)在肾血管性高血压大鼠血管重塑中的作用。方法:采用"两肾一夹"肾血管性高血压大鼠模型,构建成功的30只Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组(n=15)、高血压组(n=15),每周测量1次各组大鼠尾动脉收缩压(SBP)。HE染色观察血管结构变化,并计算颈总动脉血管中膜厚度与内径比值(MT/LD)及血管中膜平滑肌细胞层数,免疫组织化学染色法检测颈总动脉CTGF和HGF的表达水平。结果:①模型组大鼠尾动脉SBP较对照组明显升高(P<0.01)。②模型组大鼠颈总动脉MT/LD及血管中膜细胞层数较对照组显著增加(P<0.01)。③模型组大鼠颈总动脉CTGF蛋白的表达水平明显高于对照组(P<0.01),HGF蛋白的表达水平明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。④CTGF蛋白的表达水平与血压、MT/LD、血管中膜平滑肌细胞层数呈显著正相关(P<0.01),与HGF呈显著负相关(P<0.01);HGF与血压、MT/LD、血管中膜平滑肌细胞层数、CTGF均呈显著负相关(P<0.01)。结论:在2K1C高血压大鼠模型中,CTGF、HGF均参与了肾血管性高血压血管重塑,CTGF是促血管重塑因子,而HGF是少有的抑制血管重塑因子。     

孕期暴露于脂多糖对子代中年大鼠血管重构和血压的影响及其机制

目的 探讨孕期炎症刺激对子代中年大鼠的血管重构及血压的影响.方法 SD孕鼠分2组:脂多糖(LPS)组在孕期第8、10、12天腹腔注射LPS 0.79 mg/kg;对照组在同时期腹腔注射等体积生理盐水.子代大鼠出生后按随机数字表法分别选取9只,分做2组进行实验.子代大鼠第35周,取主动脉做病理切片后测量中层壁厚(MT)、管腔内径(LD),得MT/LD值,ELISA法检测血管平滑肌细胞的PCNA表达量,硝酸还原酶法测血清一氧化氮(NO)浓度,放免法测血浆内皮素-1(ET-1)浓度,无创血压仪测量鼠尾动脉收缩压.结果 孕期暴露于LPS致子代大鼠主动脉MT/LD值明显增大,血管平滑肌细胞增殖,血浆ET-1明显升高,尾动脉收缩压明显增高.结论 孕期暴露于炎症刺激剂可导致子代中年大鼠血管重构,血管功能紊乱,血压升高.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.