比色法测定大麻药及其提取物中总皂苷的含量

[目的]建立大麻药及其相关提取物的总皂苷含量分析方法.[方法]样品经香草醛-高氯酸显色后,以人参皂苷Rg1为对照品,进行紫外分光光度测定,优选最佳分析条件.[结果]最佳分析条件为:0.2 mL 5%香草醛-冰醋酸溶液和0.8 mL高氯酸为显色剂,显色温度为60℃,显色时间为15min,测定波长为550nm.样品在3.25～19.52μg/mL范围内呈良好的线性关系,回归方程为Y=0.030X 0.117(r=0.9995),平均加样回收率为97.45%(RSD=1.75%,n=5).[结论]本法可作为大麻药及相关提取物中皂苷的质量控制方法.     

分光光度法测定维吾尔药核桃分心木中总皂苷的含量

目的 研究维吾尔药核桃分心木总皂苷的含量测定方法.方法 用95%乙醇提取,水饱和正丁醇萃取的方法提取纯化核桃分心木中总皂苷.高氯酸显色,紫外分光光度法测定核桃分心木中总皂苷的含量.结果 以人参皂苷Rb1为标准品作标准曲线,A=0.059 3C+0.057 6,r=0.999 7,样品检测量在0.208 6～0.327 8mg的范围内与吸光度线性关系良好,回收率为89.11%,测得核桃分心木总皂苷的含量为4.187%.结论 此测定方法简便、快速、灵敏、准确,可作为维吾尔药核桃分心木中总皂苷含量测定方法的参考依据.     

消炎止咳浸膏中总皂苷的含量测定*

[目的]建立一种消炎止咳浸膏中总皂苷的含量测定方法.[方法]以甲醇超声提取,正丁醇萃取的方法提取纯化总皂苷.香草醛一硫酸显色,以人参皂苷Rb1为对照品,分光光度法测定总皂苷.[结果]选择552 nm为测定波长,C=168.3 A+2.846.10～160μL范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9994 .平均回收率为99.91%.RSD为0.60%.[结论]建立的含量测定方法可行,稳定,可以用于浸膏的质量控制.     

枫香槲寄生总皂苷提取工艺研究及含量测定

【目的】研究枫香槲寄生总皂苷的最佳提取工艺并测定总皂苷的含量。【方法】采用正交试验法优选最佳提取工艺,以齐墩果酸为对照品通过比色法测定总皂苷的含量。【结果】最佳提取条件为10倍量体积分数为70%的乙醇回流提取3次,每次1 h。显色后的样品稳定,测定方法准确、重现性好,可用于该植物药总皂苷的含量测定。其中第3批药材总皂苷含量最高,其百分含量为8.16%。【结论】该提取工艺操作简单,经济省时,方便可行。     

分光光度法测定夏枯草中总皂苷的含量

[目的]测定夏枯草药材中总皂苷的含量。[方法]甲醇超声提取夏枯草样品溶液,5%香草醛-冰醋酸显色,分光光度法测定样品中总皂苷含量。[结果]总皂苷在26.95～94.31μg范围内与吸光度呈良好的线性关系,回收率在97.0%～100.5%之间;三批夏枯草样品中总皂苷的含量在2.02%～2.56%之间。[结论]分光光度法测定夏枯草中总皂苷的含量,方法准确可靠、操作简便。     

瘤果黑种草子总皂苷提取工艺研究

目的 研究瘤果黑种草子总皂苷的含量测定方法及提取工艺.方法 采用比色法测定瘤果黑种草子总皂苷,并采用正交设计优选其提取工艺.结果 对照品浓度在49.78～132.75 μg/mL 范围内线性关系良好(r=0.997 1),平均回收率为102.80%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.69%(n=6);瘤果黑种草子总皂苷的最佳提取工艺为8倍量的30%乙醇在70 ℃水浴中提取3次,1 h/次.结论 比色法用于测定瘤果黑种草子总皂苷含量简单可行、重复性好,提取工艺稳定可行.     

硫酸-甲醇法测定劲健胶囊中人参总皂苷含量

[目的]研究用硫酸-甲醇法测定劲健胶囊中人参总皂苷的含量。[方法]将样品用甲醇提取,经Ambrlite-XAD-2大孔树脂和中性氧化铝纯化,以人参皂苷Re为对照品,浓硫酸-甲醇显色,在321nm处测定总皂苷含量。[结果]在21.0～126.0μg吸光度与含量成良好线形关系r=0.9999(n=6),含量的加样回收率为95.1%,RSD1.1%(n=9)。[结论]硫酸-甲醇法比香草醛-高氯酸-冰醋酸法操作简便、快速、灵敏、重复性好,可以作为总皂苷质量评价的定量分析方法。     

酸柏薄膜包衣片中大类有效成分总皂苷的分析研究

目的:建立复方酸柏薄膜包衣片中大类有效成分总皂苷的含量测定方法,拟对该品种进行成分的评价。方法:采用紫外-可见分光光度法,以人参皂苷Rb1为对照品,用香草醛-冰醋酸及高氯酸法显色,于544nm处分别测定并计算出样品中的总皂苷含量。结果:通过对总皂苷含量测定多个环节的考察,建立了的复方酸柏薄膜包衣片中大类有效成分总皂苷的含量含量测定方法。该方法对总皂苷的提取率高,人参皂苷Rb1在61.568～246.272μg范围内与吸光度呈良好线性关系,r=0.9996(n=7);平均加样回收率为100.08%,RSD%<1%(n=6)。     

广藿香叶中总黄酮含量的分光光度法测定

目的:用分光光度法测定广藿香叶中的总黄酮含量.方法:提取后的样品溶液,经聚酰胺纯化后,以芦丁为对照品,用亚硝酸钠及硝酸铝在碱性溶液中显色后,室温下,在波长510 nm处,用分光光度法测定广藿香叶中的总黄酮含量.结果:测得6种广藿香叶中总黄酮的含量,方法在线性(8.00～48.00)μg/mL范围内,r=0.999 6;加标回收率为97.0%～102.5%,RSD(%)为2.1%～6.4%.绪论:样品经提取、纯化后即可直接进行分析测定,方法简便、快速,可用于测定广藿香叶中的总黄酮含量.     

天冬中总皂苷含量测定方法的探讨

目的研究天冬中总皂苷的含量测定方法.方法首次选用菝葜皂苷元为对照品,采用分光光度法,高氯酸显色,在310 nm处测定吸收度,计算天冬中总皂苷含量.结果:菝葜皂苷元在0.18～0.42 mg范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9991),平均回收率为98.80%,RSD为1.18%.结论本法简便、准确、灵敏,重现性良好,可用于天冬质量控制及GAP研究.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.