掌叶梁王茶茎皮的化学成分研究

利用各种现代色谱方法从掌叶梁王茶Nothopanax delavayi茎皮70%乙醇提取物中分离得到11个化合物,通过波谱技术和理化性质鉴定它们的结构为三对节酸3-O-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯苷（1）,三对节酸3-O-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖-28-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-（1→4）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-（1→6）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯苷（2）,三对节酸（3）,三对节酸3-O-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖苷（4）,三对节酸3-O-β-（2’,4’-O-二乙酰基）-D-吡喃木糖-28-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-（1→4）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-（1→6）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯苷（5）,三对节酸3-O-α-（4’-O-乙酰基）-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖-28-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-（1→4）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-（1→6）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯苷（6）,三对节酸3-O-α-（2’-O-乙酰基）-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖-28-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-（1→4）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-（1→6）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯苷（7）,三对节酸3-O-β-D-吡喃木糖-28-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-（1→4）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-（1→6）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯苷（8）,原儿茶酸（9）,咖啡酸乙酯（10）,咖啡酸酐（11）。其中化合物3~4,9~11为首次从梁王茶属植物中分离得到,化合物5~8为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

刺萼龙葵化学成分研究

对刺萼龙葵Solanum rostratum地上部分的化学成分进行研究。采用硅胶,Sephadex LH-20,ODS柱色谱及半制备HPLC等方法进行分离和纯化,根据理化性质和波谱数据鉴定化合物结构。从刺萼龙葵地上部分分离得到10个化合物,分别鉴定为薯蓣皂苷（1）,hypoglaucin H（2）,金丝桃苷（3）,异槲皮苷（4）,异鼠李素-3-O-β-D-半乳糖苷（5）,山柰酚-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（6）,smilaxchinoside A（7）,26-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-3β,20α,26-三醇-25（R）-Δ^5,22-二烯-呋甾-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基（1→2）-[α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基（1→4）]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（8）,β-谷甾醇（9）,胡萝卜苷（10）,其中化合物 7 和 8 为首次从茄属植物中分离得到,其余8个化合物为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

藏药甘扎嘎日化学成分研究(Ⅰ)

为了阐明藏药甘扎嘎日药效物质基础,利用各种色谱技术对甘扎嘎日（秀丽莓）Rubus amabilis 干燥茎进行化学成分研究,从中分离得到11个化合物,并通过理化性质与波谱分别鉴定为1,8-二羟基-3,7-二甲氧基 NFDE8 酮（1）,1-羟基-3,7,8-三甲氧基 NFDE8 酮（2）,1,8-二羟基-3,5-二甲氧基 NFDE8 酮（3）,山柰酚-3-O-（6"-反式-对-肉桂酰基）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（4）,槲皮素（5）,山柰酚（6）,金丝桃苷（7）,木犀草素-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（8）,芹菜素-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（9）,异牡荆素-7-O-葡萄糖苷（10）,原花青素 B₄（11）。化合物 1~6,10~11 首次从甘扎嘎日中分离得到,其中化合物 1~3 首次从悬钩子属中分离得到。     

鬼针草化学成分研究

对鬼针草Bidens bipinnata中的化学成分进行研究,筛选具有抗肝纤维化活性单体。采用大孔树脂、硅胶、MCI树脂、Sephadex LH-20等方法进行分离纯化,得到15个化合物,并运用波谱技术测试,鉴定其结构为槲皮素（1）,槲皮素-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷（2）,紫云英苷（3）,山柰酚-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷（4）,5,3’-二羟基-3,6,4’-三甲氧基-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷黄酮（5）,7,8,3’,4’-四羟基二氢黄酮（6）,（R/S）-异奥卡宁-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（7）,（R/S）-异奥卡宁-3’-甲氧基-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（8）,6,7,3’,4’-四羟基橙酮（9）,海生菊苷（10）,6,7-二羟基香豆素（11）,3-咖啡酸酰基-2-甲基-D-赤藓糖酸-1,4内酯（12）,（7S,8R）苯并二氢呋喃新木脂素-4-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（13）,丁香酚-O-β-D-呋喃芹糖-（1"-6’）-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（14）,（+）丁香脂素-4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（15）。其中化合物8,13~15为首次从本属植物中分离得到。在初步的活性筛选中化合物 1,6有较强体外抑制肝星状细胞增殖的能力;化合物1,2,6,7有较强体外抑制腹腔巨噬细胞分泌炎症因子的能力。     

南刘寄奴黄酮类成分的研究

 目的 研究南刘寄奴中的黄酮类成分。方法 运用各种柱色谱法分离,采用核磁共振波谱技术和理化性质鉴定化合物的结构。结果 共分离得到了11个黄酮类化合物,分别鉴定为：异鼠李素（1）、山柰酚（2）、半齿泽兰素（3）、木犀草素（4）、芹菜素（5）、槲皮素（6）、大波斯菊苷（7）、山柰酚-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖苷（8）、木犀草素-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（9）、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖苷 (10）、广寄生苷（11）。结论 化合物1~11均为首次从该植物中分离得到,其中化合物8和11为首次从本属植物中分离得到。     

大血藤中1个新的木脂素类化合物

大血藤来源于木通科植物大血藤Sargentodoxa cuneata的干燥藤茎。该研究通过HPD-100 大孔树脂、反复硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20 和制备液相等方法,从采自安徽黄山的大血藤藤茎中分离出20个化合物;根据化合物的理化性质和波谱数据,分别鉴定为(7R,8S)-3,3'-5-三甲氧基-4,9-二羟基-4',7-环氧-5',8-木脂素-7'-烯-9'-酸 4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(1),1-O-香草酸-6-O-香草酰基吡喃葡萄糖苷(2),对羟基苯乙醇-6-O-香豆酰吡喃葡萄糖苷(3),枸橼苦素B(4),桂皮苷(5),(-)-异落叶松脂素4'-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(6),(-)-异落叶松脂素4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(7),1-O-香草酸-6-(3",5"-二甲氧基-没食子酰)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(8),对羟基苯乙醇-6-O-(E)-咖啡酰吡喃葡萄糖苷(9),(-)-丁香树脂醇4'-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(10),(-)-丁香树脂醇双葡萄糖苷(11),野菰苷(12),木通苯乙醇苷B(13),4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯乙酮-4-O-α-L-鼠李糖-(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(14),4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯乙酮-4-O-β-D-芹糖-(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(15),(-)-表儿茶素(16),毛柳苷(17),3,4-二羟基苯乙醇吡喃葡萄糖苷(18),绿原酸(19),原儿茶酸(20),其中化合物1为新化合物,化合物2~7首次从该植物中分离得到。     

鸭跖草的化学成分研究

利用常规柱色谱及半制备高效液相色谱等手段相结合对鸭跖草化学成分进行分离纯化,从鸭跖草中分离得到15个化合物,根据其NMR和MS等光谱数据以及理化性质鉴定化合物结构,所分化合物分别鉴定为柯伊利素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(1),没食子酸甲酯(2),对香豆酸(3),原儿茶酸(4),咖啡酸(5),对羟基苯甲酸(6),2-苯乙基-β-D-葡萄糖苷(7),土大黄苷(8),(7S,8R)-dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol-9-O-β-D-glucoside(9),异牡荆素(10),芹菜素-6-C-α-L-鼠李糖苷(11),isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside(12),槲皮素-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(13),异槲皮素(14),1,2-dihydro-6,8-dimethoxy-7-1-(3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)-N¹,N²-bis-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-2,3-naphthalene dicarboxamide(15).化合物 2,5-9,11,13 等8个化合物为首次从鸭跖草属中分离得到.     

土荆芥化学成分的研究

从土荆芥Chenopodium ambrosioides的全草中分离得到12个化合物,通过波谱解析,化合物结构分别鉴定为山柰酚-7-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷（kaempferol-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside,1）,山柰酚-3,7-O-α-L-二鼠李糖苷（kaempferol-3,7-di-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside,2）,万寿菊素（patuletin,3）,槲皮素-7-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷（quercetin-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside,4）,蚱蜢酮（grasshopper ketone,5）,4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one（6）,丁香脂素（syringaresinol,7）,苄基-β-D-葡萄糖苷（benzyl β-D-glucopyranoside,8）,dendranthemoside B（9）,反式阿魏酸酰对羟基苯乙胺（N-trans-feruloyl tyramine,10）,N-3-羟基-4-甲氧基苯乙基反式阿魏酸酰胺（N-trans-feruloyl 4’-O-methyl dopamine,11）,N-p-香豆酰酪胺｛4-hydroxy-N-[2-（4-4-hydroxyphenyl）-ethyl]benzamide,12｝。其中化合物 3,6~8,10,12 为首次从该属中分离得到。化合物2~12 为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

黄苞大戟化学成分研究

对黄苞大戟Euphorbia sikkimensis地上部分的化学成分进行研究。应用硅胶,Sephadex LH-20,RP-18等色谱技术进行分离纯化,采用NMR等谱学方法鉴定结构。从黄苞大戟地上部分的90%乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取物中分离得到16个化合物,分别鉴定为柚皮素（1）、山柰酚（2）、槲皮素（3）、山柰酚-3-O-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖苷（4）、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖苷（5）、槲皮素-3-O-（2"-没食子酰基）-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖苷（6）、麦角甾醇过氧化物（7）、豆甾-5-烯-7-羰基-3β-甾醇（8）、3β-羟基-4α,14α-二甲基-5α-麦角甾醇-8,24（28）-二烯-7-酮（9）、β-谷甾醇（10）、10-葫芦二烯醇（11）、莨菪亭（12）、没食子酸乙酯（13）、对羟基苯甲醛（14）、3-羟基苯乙醇（15）、2,4-二羟基-6-甲氧基苯乙酮（16）。所有化合物均为首次从黄苞大戟中分离得到,其中化合物 1 ,4 ~ 8 ,15 为首次从大戟属植物中分离得到。     

仙鹤草降糖活性成分的提取分离

目的 :分离鉴定仙鹤草降糖活性部位的化学成分。 方法 :采用硅胶柱、Sephadex LH-20柱等常压柱色谱手段进行分离纯化,通过理化常数和光谱分析鉴定其结构。 结果 :从仙鹤草中分得8个化合物,并鉴定为β-谷甾醇(1)、胡萝卜苷(2)、(2R,3R)-(+)-花旗松素(3)、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(4)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷(5)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(6)、阿魏酸(7)、没食子酸(8)。 结论 :化合物3,7,8均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

真菌的中药干预研究近5年进展

近年来真菌感染率逐年上升,传统抗真菌药物易产生耐药性,而中药在防治真菌感染方面具有一定的优势。本文就近5年来中药对白念珠菌、皮肤癣菌、曲霉菌、马拉色菌、串珠镰孢菌、申克孢子丝菌、新生隐球菌及真菌生物膜的干预研究进展进行综述。     

α-Glucosidase inhibitory activity of selected Philippine plants

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Antidesma bunius Spreng. (Phyllantaceae), Averrhoa bilimbi L. (Oxalidaceae), Biophytum sensitivum (L.) DC. (Oxalidaceae), Ceriops tagal (Perr.) C.B. Rob. (Rhizophoraceae), Kyllinga monocephala Rottb. (Cyperaceae), and Rhizophora mucronata Lam. (Rhizophoraceae) are used as remedies to control diabetes. In the present study, these plants were screened for their potential α-glucosidase inhibitory activity.

Materials and methods

The 80% aqueous ethanolic extracts were screened for their α-glucosidase enzyme inhibitory activity using yeast alpha glucosidase enzyme.

Results

Except for A. bilimbi with IC₅₀ at 519.86±3.07, all manifested a significant enzyme inhibitory activity. R. mucronata manifested the highest activity with IC₅₀ at 0.08±1.82 μg mL⁻¹, followed by C. tagal with IC₅₀ at 0.85±1.46 μg mL⁻¹ and B. sensitivum with IC₅₀ at 2.24±1.58 μg mL⁻¹.

Conclusion

This is the first report on the α-glucosidase inhibitory effect of the six Philippine plants; thus, partly defining the mechanism on why these medicinal plants possess antidiabetic properties.     

Investigation of plant extracts in traditional medicine of the Brazilian Cerrado against protozoans and yeasts

Aim of the study

To investigate the activities of the 217 plant extracts in traditional medicine of the Brazilian Cerrado against protozoans and yeasts.

Materials and methods

Plant extracts were prepared by the method of maceration using solvents of different polarities. The growth inhibition of chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum strain (FcB1) was determined by measuring the radioactivity of the tritiated hypoxanthine incorporated. Activity against Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi and Trypanosoma cruzi was measured by the MTT colorimetric assay. The antifungal tests were carried out by using the CLSI method. The active extracts were tested also by cytotoxicity assay using NIH-3T3 cells of mammalian fibroblasts.

Results

Two hundred and seventeen extracts of plants were tested against Plasmodium falciparum. The eleven active extracts, belonging to eight plant species were evaluated against L. (L.) chagasi, Trypanosoma cruzi, yeasts and in NIH-3T3 cells. The results found in these biological models are consistent with the ethnopharmacological data of these plants. The ethyl acetate extract of Diospyros hispida root showed IC₅₀ values of 1 μg/mL against Plasmodium falciparum. This extract demonstrated no toxicity against mammalian cells, resulting in a significant selectivity index (SI) of 435.8. The dichloromethane extract of Calophyllum brasiliense root wood was active against Cryptococcus gattii LMGO 01 with MIC of 1.95 μg/mL; and Candida albicans ATCC 10231 and Candida krusei LMGO 174, both with MIC of 7.81 μg/mL. The same extract was also active against Plasmodium falciparum and L. (L.) chagasi with IC₅₀ of 6.7 and 27.6 μg/mL respectively. The ethyl acetate extract of Spiranthera odoratissima leaves was active against Cryptococcus gattii LMGO 01 with MIC of 31.25 μg/mL, and against Plasmodium falciparum with IC₅₀ of 9.2 μg/mL and Trypanosoma cruzi with IC₅₀ of 56.3 μg/mL.

Conclusion

The active extracts for protozoans and human pathogenic yeasts are considered promising to continue the search for the identification and development of leading compounds.     

European medicinal polypores – A modern view on traditional uses

Ethnopharmacological relevance

In particular five polypore species, i.e. Laetiporus sulphureus, Fomes fomentarius, Fomitopsis pinicola, Piptoporus betulinus, and Laricifomes officinalis, have been widely used in central European folk medicines for the treatment of various diseases, e.g. dysmenorrhoea, haemorrhoids, bladder disorders, pyretic diseases, treatment of coughs, cancer, and rheumatism. Prehistoric artefacts going back to over 5000 years underline the long tradition of using polypores for various applications ranging from food or tinder material to medicinal–spiritual uses as witnessed by two polypore species found among items of Ötzi, the Iceman. The present paper reviews the traditional uses, phytochemistry, and biological activity of the five mentioned polypores.

Materials and methods

All available information on the selected polypore taxa used in traditional folk medicine was collected through evaluation of literature in libraries and searches in online databases using SciFinder and Web of Knowledge.

Results

Mycochemical studies report the presence of many primary (e.g. polysaccharides) and secondary metabolites (e.g. triterpenes). Crude extracts and isolated compounds show a wide spectrum of biological properties, such as anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, and antimicrobial activities.

Conclusions

The investigated polypores possess a longstanding ethnomycological tradition in Europe. Here, we compile biological results which highlight their therapeutic value. Moreover, this work provides a solid base for further investigations on a molecular level, both compound- and target-wise.     

厚朴与凹叶厚朴群体遗传学研究

目的:对厚朴与凹叶厚朴的群体遗传学进行研究,为中药厚朴的质量控制提供分子生药学方面的依据。方法:对厚朴与凹叶厚朴15个居群应用2个叶绿体基因间序列psbA-trnH和trnL-trnF进行PCR扩增并测序,计算厚朴与凹叶厚朴单倍型频率,用程序HaploNst分析遗传多样性和遗传结构,应用TCS version 1.13软件构建单倍型网状进化树。结果:厚朴与凹叶厚朴均无特有单倍型存在,但单倍型频率存在显著差异,已开始出现遗传分化的趋势,NST略大于GST。结论:厚朴与凹叶厚朴在遗传上已出现遗传分化的趋势,但尚未完全分化成彼此独立的单系。     

Effect of feeding Mucuna pruriens on helminth parasite infestation in lambs

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Mucuna pruriens is a tropical legume anecdotally reputed to have anthelmintic properties. This study was conducted to examine the validity of such claims.

Aim of the study

The aim of this study was to determine if ingestion of Mucuna seeds reduces helminth parasite infestation in lambs.

Materials and methods

Thirty-six Dorper × Katahdin ram lambs were assigned to three treatments, a cottonseed meal based control diet, a diet in which Mucuna replaced cottonseed meal and the control diet with levamisole (7.5 mg/kg body weight) administration. All diets were isonitrogenous and isocaloric. The 12 lambs in each treatment were assigned randomly to 4 pens, each containing 3 lambs. Lambs were trickle infected three times per week by gavage with infectious Haemonchus contortus larvae (2000 larvae/lamb) for 3 weeks.

Results

Levamisole treatment decreased fecal egg counts by 87% and abomasal worm counts by 83%. Mucuna intake did not statistically affect fecal egg counts or abomasal worm counts, though numerical (P > 0.10) reductions of 7.4% and 18.1%, respectively were evident. Anemia indicators, feed intake, and lamb growth were unaffected by treatment.

Conclusions

Levamisole reduced the Haemonchus parasite burden in lambs significantly but feeding Mucuna reduced the burden by levels unlikely to eliminate the clinical effects of parasitism.     

Antiplasmodial activity of extracts from seven medicinal plants used in malaria treatment in Cameroon

Aim of the study

In a search for new plant-derived biologically active compounds against malaria parasites, we have carried out an ethnopharmacological study to evaluate the susceptibility of cultured Plasmodium falciparum to extracts and fractions from seven Cameroonian medicinal plants used in malaria treatment. We have also explored the inhibition of the Plasmodium falciparum cysteine protease Falcipain-2.

Materials and methods

Plant materials were extracted by maceration in organic solvents, and subsequently partitioned or fractionated to afford test fractions. The susceptibility of erythrocytes and the W2 strain of Plasmodium falciparum to plant extracts was evaluated in culture. In addition, the ability of annonaceous extracts to inhibit recombinant cysteine protease Falcipain-2 was also assessed.

Results and discussion

The extracts showed no toxicity against erythrocytes. The majority of plant extracts were highly active against Plasmodium falciparumin vitro, with IC₅₀ values lower than 5 μg/ml. Annonaceous extracts (acetogenin-rich fractions and interface precipitates) exhibited the highest potency. Some of these extracts exhibited modest inhibition of Falcipain-2.

Conclusion

These results support continued investigation of components of traditional medicines as potential new antimalarial agents.     

金银花类药用植物IspE和IspH基因克隆和生物信息学分析

目的:克隆金银花类药用植物4-二磷酸胞苷-2-C-甲基赤藓糖激酶(4-diphosphocytidyl-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol kinase,IspE)和4-羟基-3-甲基-2-邻苯基二磷酸还原酶(4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl diphosphate reductase,IspH)基因,并对其基因序列、蛋白特性和转录活性进行分析、比较.方法:从忍冬Lonicera japonica转录组测序结果中分析获得了IspE,IspH基因.分别以忍冬、红白忍冬L.japonica var.chinensis、红腺忍冬L.hypoglauca和水忍冬L.dasystyla新鲜花蕾为材料,利用RT-PCR技术克隆获得了4种金银花类药用植物IspE和IspH基因的全长cDNA.运用生物信息学分析软件,预测编码蛋白的结构和功能,并通过RT-PCR检测IspE和IspH在忍冬、红白忍冬、红腺忍冬、水忍冬花蕾中的转录情况.结果:金银花类药用植物IspE基因含有1个完整的开放阅读框,长度为1 221 bp,编码406个氨基酸;IspH含有一个完整的开放阅读框,长度为1 380 bp,编码459个氨基酸.IspE和IspH均为非分泌蛋白,均定位于叶绿体中.RT-PCR分析结果表明在忍冬、红腺忍冬和水忍冬的花蕾中IspE,IspH基因的转录水平没有显著差异,但红白忍冬花蕾中IspE,IspH基因的转录水平均显著高于忍冬.结论:克隆获得忍冬、红白忍冬、红腺忍冬和水忍冬中IspE,IspH基因,并证实了其在不同金银花类药用植物中的表达,为进一步研究IspE,IspH基因对萜类化合物生物合成和花香气以及颜色的影响奠定了基础.     

中国石斛属植物文献计量研究

石斛是珍稀濒危中药材,目前正处于快速发展阶段。为全面了解我国石斛属植物研究的历史和发展现状,作者以1954～2010年"中国知网中国学术期刊网络出版总库"收录的石斛研究文献为依据,采用文献计量学的原理和方法,对我国石斛属植物研究文献从文献年代分布、期刊分布与被引频率、主题分布、研究对象分布、作者与研究机构分布等方面进行了统计与分析。结果表明,我国石斛研究明显分为起步(2个)、停滞、平稳发展、快速上升5个阶段;期刊分布存在离散性与集中性并存的现象,已形成核心期刊研究群,并以《中国中药杂志》、《中草药》和《陕西中医》为代表;研究主题广泛涉及临床与药理、组织培养与种苗繁育、成分分析等多个领域,已经形成比较稳定的研究机构和团队,但研究对象差异显著,以铁皮石斛、金钗石斛和霍山石斛最为集中。我国石斛属植物的研究已取得显著成果,但种植产业发展缓慢,供需矛盾突出,预计种苗繁育与人工种植、产品开发、化学与药理等方面是未来的研究热点,其文献报道仍将进一步上升。     

牛耳朵和黄花牛耳朵的显微和化学鉴别

目的:为苦苣苔科唇柱苣苔属植物牛耳朵和黄花牛耳朵的鉴定和分类提供解剖学和化学依据。方法:采用石蜡制片法和水合氯醛透化法对2种药用植物的根状茎和叶横切面和粉末特征进行研究,应用光学显微镜观察显微结构。采用HPLC-UV法进行化学鉴别。结果:牛耳朵和黄花牛耳朵显微特征无明显区别,但是化学特征有明显的差异。结论:化学诞生特征鉴别方法可以作为2种药用植物的鉴定方法。