DSA引导下经导管聚桂醇泡沫硬化剂治疗下肢静脉曲张性溃疡的临床疗效观察

目的 探讨DSA引导下经导管注入聚桂醇泡沫硬化剂治疗下肢静脉曲张性溃疡的技术方法、可行性、安全性和临床疗效.方法 选择36例(48条患肢)下肢静脉曲张伴溃疡的患者,患肢溃疡面平均为(3±1.5)cm2(1 ～7 cm2),均为内踝处溃疡.术中于腹股沟小切口高位结扎大隐静脉主干后,经大隐静脉远侧断端或经皮穿刺患肢内踝处大隐静脉,置入4F造影导管,DSA引导下经导管注入聚桂醇泡沫硬化剂,选择性硬化闭塞大隐静脉及交通静脉,术后患肢加压包扎、应用抗生素、局部换药.结果 在DSA引导下48条患肢均成功注入泡沫硬化剂,每条患肢平均注入6.5 ml(3.5～8.5 ml)泡沫硬化剂,无严重并发症发生.术后当日患者能下床活动.两周后,38条患肢(79.1％)下肢溃疡创面愈合,8条患肢(16.7％)溃疡创面明显缩小,2条患肢(4.16％)创面未扩大.6 ～12个月后随访:45条患肢(93.8％)曲张静脉及溃疡消失,3条患肢(6.25％)溃疡复发.结论 DSA引导下经导管注入聚桂醇泡沫硬化剂治疗下肢静脉曲张性溃疡临床疗效满意,是一种安全、有效的治疗下肢静脉曲张性溃疡的微创方法.     

下肢静脉曲张的泡沫硬化与腔内射频治疗的疗效观察与对比分析

目的 探讨泡沫硬化与腔内射频消融治疗下肢静脉曲张的疗效,并进行对比分析.方法 2007年至2011年收治44例下肢静脉曲张患者,分为对照组24例(30条下肢),行腔内射频消融治疗,试验组20例(25条下肢),行泡沫硬化治疗.回顾性分析两种方法治疗下肢静脉曲张的疗效并进行对比.结果 两种方法的技术成功率均为100％.对照组和试验组在住院期间分别有14条(46.7％)和13条(52％)患肢下肢曲张静脉消失,16条(53.3％)和12条(48％)患肢下肢曲张静脉明显减少.术后6个月时,血管超声和(或)血管造影复查显示对照组和试验组分别有25条(83.3％)和19条(76％)患肢大隐静脉主干闭塞,5条(16.7％)和6条(24％)患肢大隐静脉管腔变窄;28条(93.3％)和24条(96％)下肢酸胀感消失,2例和1例患者下肢酸胀感无明显改善,30条(100％)和25条(100％)患侧下肢皮肤瘙痒感均有改善或消失.试验组患者均无明显硬化治疗术后的严重并发症.两种方法治疗大隐静脉主干曲张病变的疗效差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 泡沫硬化与腔内射频消融比较,具有适应证广、操作简便、疗效好、经济、恢复快的优点,在下肢静脉曲张的微创治疗方面具有一定的优势及广泛的临床应用价值.     

透视引导下鱼肝油酸钠泡沫硬化剂治疗下肢静脉曲张30例

目的 探讨用国产鱼肝油酸钠自制泡沫硬化剂治疗下肢静脉曲张的临床效果.方法 选择河南开封市第一人民医院30例(39 条患肢)下肢静脉曲张患者,对其进行透视引导下曲张隐静脉注射自制鱼肝油酸钠泡沫硬化剂,观察大隐静脉的闭合情况.结果 39 条患肢均成功注射泡沫硬化剂,平均每条患肢使用5.9 ml泡沫硬化剂.35条(90%)大...     

透视下聚多卡醇硬化治疗C 5~C 6期下肢静脉性溃疡的疗效

目的：探究透视引导下经浅表静脉注入聚多卡醇泡沫硬化剂治疗C₅~C₆期下肢静脉性溃疡的疗效。 方法：选取2014年9月—2015年8月在广州市番禺中心医院诊治的下肢静脉曲张达C₅~C₆期患者51例,共64条患肢,按国际静脉联盟分级（CEAP）标准进行评级,C₆期患肢28条;C₅期患肢36条。应用不同浓度聚多卡醇进行硬化治疗。于术后2周、3个月、6个月对患者进行门诊随访,评价患者疗效、症状改善及不良反应发生情况。 结果：64条患肢均注射成功,平均每条患肢泡沫硬化剂用量（16.35±1.36）ml。术后2周、3个月和6个月随访中,C₆期（28条）患肢溃疡逐渐愈合,C₅期（36条）患肢溃疡周围皮肤张力下降,所有患者症状有不同程度改善,色素沉着明显减轻。 结论：透视引导下聚多卡醇泡沫硬化剂治疗C₅~C₆期下肢静脉曲张安全,疗效可靠,无严重并发症。     

DSA引导下泡沫硬化术与大隐静脉高位结扎联合血管腔内激光术治疗下肢静脉曲张的疗效观察

目的探讨DSA引导下聚多卡醇泡沫硬化术与大隐静脉高位结扎术联合血管腔内激光术治疗下肢静脉曲张的临床疗效。 方法选取60例下肢静脉曲张患者（共66条腿）,随机分为DSA引导下聚多卡醇泡沫硬化术组（A组,30例共33条腿）及大隐静脉高位结扎术联合血管腔内激光术组（B组,30例共33条腿）。分别对两组患者手术时间、住院费用、术后并发症、治疗效果进行对比评价。 结果A组患者手术时间、住院费用明显低于B组（均P<0.01）;A组患者术后皮下瘀血、感觉麻木、皮下脂肪液化感染、皮肤灼伤的发生率均显著低于B组（均P<0.01）;两组患者静脉炎的发生率差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;两组患者出院时及术后3个月、6个月、1年治疗效果比较差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。 结论DSA引导下聚多卡醇泡沫硬化剂治疗下肢静脉曲张是一项创伤小、并发症少、安全、有效的治疗方法。     

X线透视引导下下肢静脉曲张泡沫硬化治疗的技术方法和疗效观察

目的 探讨在X线透视引导下使用泡沫硬化剂治疗下肢静脉曲张的技术方法、可行性、安全性和临床效果.方法 16例下肢静脉曲张患者的21条下肢.使用鱼肝油酸钠溶液按Tessari法制作泡沫硬化剂(液体气体比为1∶4)进行硬化治疗.所有患者直接在局部穿刺行曲张静脉造影,在X线透视引导下,见低密度的泡沫硬化剂完全置换曲张浅静脉内的对比剂和(或)泡沫即将进入相交通的浅、深静脉时立即停止注射.术后使用弹力绷带压迫24 h再改穿弹力袜2周.临床疗效评价标准分为治疗成功、部分成功和未成功.并发症分为轻微并发症和严重并发症.结果 所有患者均成功地完成了经皮穿刺泡沫硬化治疗.治疗后平均随访6.0个月(3.0～17.0个月),随访期内17条下肢(81.0%)获得治疗成功,4条下肢(19.0%)获得部分治疗成功.所有患者发生的早期轻微并发症均为自限性,包括术后早期沿曲张静脉走行的条索状硬结(21条)、色素沉着(11条)、局部疼痛(7条)和浅表性静脉炎(1条),未发生严重并发症和全身并发症.结论 X线透视引导下使用泡沫硬化剂治疗下肢静脉曲张是安全、有效的.     

导管引导下激光治疗下肢静脉曲张

目的评价导管引导下激光治疗下肢静脉曲张的可行性及有效性。方法 2011年8月—2012年8月收治30例(33条下肢)原发性下肢静脉曲张患者,在导管引导下施行激光治疗。术后随访4～16个月,平均随访(8.20±3.77)个月,观察疗效及术后并发症。结果全部患者都成功耐受激光腔内治疗,单肢时间(45.0±15.4)min。术后住院时间(3.17±0.87)d。随访时患肢沉重感、皮肤色素沉着和湿疹样改变、皮肤溃疡显著减轻或消失,无静脉曲张复发或残留。结论导管引导下激光治疗大隐静脉曲张安全可行、疗效满意、具有恢复快和瘢痕小的优点。     

经大隐静脉插管栓塞术治疗下肢静脉曲张的临床价值

目的评价X线监视下经导管注入无水乙醇治疗下肢静脉曲张的远期疗效及安全性。资料与方法对69例(78条患肢)下肢静脉曲张患者行穿刺或切开内踝上方大隐静脉插入导管,在X线及对比剂监视下注入无水乙醇栓塞治疗。结果 75条(96.%)患肢均一次性栓塞成功;75条患肢于术后7天～3个月多普勒超声显示栓塞的大隐静脉未探及血流信号。随访3～55个月(平均31.2个月),术后3～7天曲张的静脉均塌陷,2～3周临床症状明显减轻或消失,7条小腿溃疡于术后4～6周愈合。13例(18.8%)术后出现咳嗽、胸闷,5～10 min内消失;7条患肢(9.0%)术后肢体出现迟发性感觉异常,2～3周内恢复正常;31条(39.7%)患肢术后第2天出现轻度肿胀,1～2周内均消失;3条(3.8%)患肢于术后12个月内出现小腿浅静脉局限性轻度曲张,无1例深静脉血栓等严重并发症发生。结论经大隐静脉插管注入无水乙醇治疗下肢静脉曲张安全、并发症少,远期疗效肯定;有望成为下肢静脉曲张新的治疗方法之一。     

X线透视导引下经皮大隐静脉高位缝扎结合泡沫硬化治疗原发性大隐静脉曲张113例效果分析

【摘要】 目的 评价X线透视导引下经皮高位缝扎结合泡沫硬化治疗原发性大隐静脉（GSV）曲张的有效性和安全性。方法 回顾性分析2019年4月1日至10月31日在南京医科大学附属南京医院接受X线透视导引下经皮GSV高位缝扎结合泡沫硬化术治疗的113例（133条肢体）原发性GSV曲张患者临床资料。其中男60例,女53例,年龄为（62.1±10.8）岁。透视导引下高位缝扎GSV近端,同时行泡沫硬化治疗。术后1、3、6、12个月随访,超声评估GSV闭塞率及相关并发症发生率,术后12个月复查评估静脉疾病临床严重度评分（VCSS）,并与术前VCSS比较。结果 133条患肢手术均获成功。共112条患肢（84.07%）获12个月随访,103条患肢（91.96%）GSV维持闭塞;VCSS由术前4.71±2.15改善至0.74±0.60（V=6 328,P＜0.01）;16条患肢出现血栓性静脉炎,38条患肢出现缝扎处疼痛,均在2周内自行缓解;所有患者均未出现下肢深静脉血栓形成,无严重并发症发生。结论 X线透视导引下经皮高位缝扎结合泡沫硬化治疗GSV曲张操作简单、安全有效,GSV闭塞率与静脉热消融相似。     

聚多卡醇泡沫硬化治疗儿童Puig's Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型肛周静脉畸形临床研究

目的 探讨DSA引导下聚多卡醇泡沫硬化治疗儿童Puig'Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型肛周静脉畸形的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析2018年3月至2019年6月就诊于我科的38例Puig'sⅠ型和Ⅱ型肛周静脉畸形患儿,采用全麻下DSA引导经皮多点穿刺3％聚多卡醇泡沫硬化治疗,术后观察疗效、不良反应,术后随访14～28个月.结果 38例患儿共治...     

Outcomes of Fluoroscopy-Guided Percutaneous High Ligation of the Great Saphenous Vein Combined With Foam Sclerotherapy for Symptomatic Great Saphenous Veins

PurposeTo evaluate the effectiveness and safety of fluoroscopy-guided percutaneous high ligation (FPHL) combined with fluoroscopy-guided foam sclerotherapy (FGFS) to treat varicose veins of the great saphenous veins (GSVs).Materials and MethodsThis was a retrospective study of 113 patients (mean age, 62.1 ± 10.8 years; 60 men) with varicose veins of the GSVs (133 limbs) that were treated with FPHL combined with FGFS between April 1 and October 31, 2019. Demographic and clinical data were collected from these patients before the FPHL procedure, after which FGFS was performed. The preterminal GSV was ligated percutaneously by a percutaneously-positioned polypropylene ligature under fluoroscopic guidance. The outcome of ligation was confirmed by venography. Then, foam sclerotherapy was performed under fluoroscopy. At 1-year follow-up, GSV occlusion was evaluated by ultrasound. The venous clinical severity scores (VCSSs) were compared between the preoperative and 1-year follow-up periods.ResultsThe technical success rate was 100% (133 limbs). Complete 12-month follow-up was available for 112 limbs (84.2%) and 103 of these limbs (92.0%) remained occluded during this period. The VCSS improved from 4.71 ± 2.15 to 0.74 ± 0.60 (V = 6328, P < .001). During follow-up, there were 16 limbs with thrombophlebitis and 38 limbs with saphenous junction pain; these events were alleviated within 2 weeks of the procedure. There was no deep venous thrombosis or other severe adverse events.ConclusionsFPHL combined with FGFS to treat varicose veins in the GSVs achieved an occlusion rate of 92% and improved the clinical symptoms within 1 year; this minimally-invasive procedure was safe and effective.     

Fluoroscopy-Guided Endovenous Sclerotherapy Using a Microcatheter Prior to Endovenous Laser Ablation: Comparison between Liquid and Foam Sclerotherapy for Varicose Tributaries

Objective

To compare the efficacy and adverse effects of endovenous foam sclerotherapy (EFS) and liquid sclerotherapy (ELS) using a microcatheter for the treatment of varicose tributaries.

Materials and Methods

From December 2007 to January 2009, patients with venous reflux in the saphenous vein were enrolled. The foam or liquid sclerosant was injected through a microcatheter just before endovenous laser ablation (EVLA). Patients were evaluated for the technical success, clinical success, and procedure-related complications during the procedure and follow-up visits.

Results

A total of 94 limbs were included: 48 limbs (great saphenous vein [GSV], 35; small saphenous vein [SSV], 13) were managed using EFS and EVLA (foam group; FG), and 46 limbs (GSV, 37; SSV, 9) were treated by ELS and EVLA (liquid group; LG). Varicose tributaries demonstrated complete sclerosis in 92.7% with FG and in 71.8% with LG (p = 0.014). Bruising (78.7% in FG vs. 73.2% in LG, p > 0.05), pain or tenderness (75.6% in FG vs. 51.2% in LG, p = 0.0237) were noted. Hyperpigmentation (51.2% in FG vs. 46.2% in LG, p > 0.05) was found.

Conclusion

Endovenous foam sclerotherapy using a microcatheter is more effective than ELS for eliminating remnant varicose tributaries prior to EVLA. However, EFS is more commonly associated with local complications such as pain or tenderness than ELS. Furthermore, both techniques seem to prolong the duration of hyperpigmentation along with higher costs.     

Endovenous Laser Ablation and Concomitant Foam Sclerotherapy: Experience in 504 Patients

Purpose

To investigate the value of endovenous laser ablation (ELA) and concomitant ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy (USGFS) in patients with chronic venous insufficiency.

Methods

During a 6-year period, concomitant USGFS of the varicose veins were performed in 504 out of 610 patients who underwent ELA for truncal or perforating vein insufficiency. In these 504 patients (944 legs; bilateral in 440 patients), the incompetent veins were greater saphenous vein in 615 legs, small saphenous vein in 118 veins, perforating veins in 42 legs, and a combination of these in 169 legs. In all patients, after ELA of the incompetent veins, USGFS was performed for the remaining varicosities with 1–3% polidocanol foam. Patients were followed up clinically and with color Doppler ultrasound at 1, 6, and 12?months.

Results

ELA was technically successful in all cases, although another venous puncture was necessary in 29 legs. Concomitant USGFS was also technically successful in all cases, but one to three additional sclerotherapy sessions were performed in 203 legs with persistent varicosities. During the follow-up, recanalization of the laser-ablated refluxing veins occurred in 16 legs (1.7%) and was treated with repeat ELA or USGFS. Major complications occurred in 1.4% of the treated legs and included skin necrosis and calf vein thrombosis.

Conclusion

ELA and concomitant foam sclerotherapy is feasible and effective. The procedures are associated with a low complication rate and can be performed in both legs in the same session. Concomitant use of laser and foam may potentially decrease the recanalization rate of laser-ablated vessels.     

下肢静脉曲张硬化治疗的现状与进展

下肢静脉曲张的微创治疗方法日益增多,其中,下肢静脉曲张的硬化治疗是临床上应用最广泛的方法之一,其疗效与安全,经济与美容方面的优势越来越受到人们的关注.本文就下肢静脉曲张硬化治疗的现状与进展综述如下.     

射频消融术在下肢静脉曲张中的运用价值

下肢静脉曲张是临床常见病,与多因素发病机制有关,主要与血流动力学异常有关,该病对人们的生活和健康水平造成严重的影响.迄今为止,射频消融术大有取代传统手术之势,成为下肢静脉曲张的常用微创手术治疗方法.该术式主要优势为创伤小、恢复快、疗效可靠、并发症少,主要不足为皮肤烧伤及神经损伤.目前射频消融术多联合局部剥脱术,选择性地...     

Endovenous laser treatment of saphenous vein reflux: long-term results

PURPOSE: To report long-term follow-up results of endovenous laser treatment for great saphenous vein (GSV) reflux caused by saphenofemoral junction (SFJ) incompetence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four hundred ninety-nine GSVs in 423 subjects with varicose veins were treated over a 3-year period with 810-nm diode laser energy delivered percutaneously into the GSV via a 600- micro m fiber. Tumescent anesthesia (100-200 mL of 0.2% lidocaine) was delivered perivenously under ultrasound (US) guidance. Patients were evaluated clinically and with duplex US at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, and yearly thereafter to assess treatment efficacy and adverse reactions. Compression sclerotherapy was performed in nearly all patients at follow-up for treatment of associated tributary varicose veins and secondary telangiectasia. RESULTS: Successful occlusion of the GSV, defined as absence of flow on color Doppler imaging, was noted in 490 of 499 GSVs (98.2%) after initial treatment. One hundred thirteen of 121 limbs (93.4%) followed for 2 years have remained closed, with the treated portions of the GSVs not visible on duplex imaging. Of note, all recurrences have occurred before 9 months, with the majority noted before 3 months. Bruising was noted in 24% of patients and tightness along the course of the treated vein was present in 90% of limbs. There have been no skin burns, paresthesias, or cases of deep vein thrombosis. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term results available in 499 limbs treated with endovenous laser demonstrate a recurrence rate of less than 7% at 2-year follow-up. These results are comparable or superior to those reported for the other options available for treatment of GSV reflux, including surgery, US-guided sclerotherapy, and radiofrequency ablation. Endovenous laser appears to offer these benefits with lower rates of complication and avoidance of general anesthesia.