住院精神分裂症患者及其家属的生活质量调查

目的了解精神分裂症患者及其家属的生活质量，探索影响精神分裂症患者及其家属生活质量的主要因素。方法应用多种心理评定量表对60例精神分裂症患者与60名家属进行评估。结果男、女患者的生活质量无明显差异；男性家属的生活质量比女性家属普遍高。焦虑、抑郁情绪，工作情况不稳定，年龄小，文化程度高，BPRS总分高，SDSS总分低等因素对患者的生活质量的各个维度均有一定影响；家属生活质量的影响因素主要与他们自身的焦虑、抑郁情绪有关，还与家庭中有无其他子女有关。结论加强社会支持及时治疗及时改善情绪，可能会提高他们的生活质量。     

抑郁症患者家属生活质量调查

目的：了解抑郁症患者家属的生活质量。方法：应用生活质量综合评定问卷对116名抑郁症患者家属及52名正常对照者进行评定。结果：抑郁症患者家属的总体生活质量及躯体功能、心理功能、社会功能、物质生活较正常对照者差,其中以心理健康和躯体健康对生活质量的影响最大。结论：抑郁症患者家属的生活质量较正常对照者差,并涉及到心身健康的多个方面。     

抑郁症患者配偶的生活质量调查

目的了解抑郁症患者配偶的生活质量状况。方法应用生活质量综合评定问卷对56名抑郁症患者家属及56名健康对照者进行配对比较分析。结果抑郁症患者配偶的总体生活质量及躯体功能、心理功能、社会功能、物质生活较正常对照者差,其中以心理健康和躯体健康对生活质量的影响最大。结论抑郁症患者配偶的生活质量较差,提示在抑郁症的治疗中应注意其配偶的心身健康。     

精神分裂症患者家属生活质量状况及相关因素分析

目的探讨精神分裂症患者家属的生活质量状况，分析影响生活质量的有关因素。方法采用WHO-QOL-100量表、抑郁自评量表、焦虑自评量表及自行设计一般项目调查表对120名精神分裂症患者家属进行调查，将结果与常模进行对比分析及回归分析。结果与常模比较，精神分裂症患者家属在总的生活质量及6六个领域评分均低于常模（P〈0．01）。男性患者家属生活质量高于女性患者家属。多因素分析结果表明，精神分裂症患者家属生活质量主要影响因素为住院次数、SAS总分、SDS总分、总病程、月平均家庭经济收入。结论精神分裂症患者家属生活质量状况较差，应引起社会各界的关注。     

家庭关怀度对抑郁症患者生活质量的影响

目的探讨抑郁症患者家庭关怀度情况及其对患者生活质量的影响。方法以家庭关怀度指数问卷（APGAR）评价抑郁症患者的家庭关怀度,以生活质量问卷评价抑郁症患者的生活质量,根据APGAR总分,把抑郁症患者分成家庭关怀度好组和家庭关怀度差组,比较两组患者的生活质量。结果61.8%的抑郁症患者家庭关怀度较差;家庭关怀度好组患者的总生活质量、生活满意度、健康与功能评分显著高于家庭关怀度差组（P均〈0.05）,自我概念和社会经济因素因子两组比较差异无统计学意义（P均〉0.05）。结论抑郁症患者存在较差的家庭关怀度,家庭关怀度差的抑郁症患者的生活质量也较差。     

抑郁症患者防御方式及其家庭生活质量研究

目的:了解抑郁症患者心理防御方式特征和家庭生活质量。方法:使用防御方式量表(DSQ)对75例抑郁症患者防御方式进行评定,采用生活质量综合评定问卷(GQOLI-74)对92名抑郁症患者家属的生活质量进行评定,两组均以80名正常人作为对照。结果:抑郁症组中间型及不成熟型防御机制评分(4.76±0.41)和(4.41±0.60),显著高于对照组(4.31±0.31)和(3.92±0.81)(P均<0.01);而抑郁症组成熟防御机制评分(4.62±0.54)则显著低于对照组(5.20±0.47)(P<0.05)。抑郁症家属生活质量较对照组差,GQOLI总分及躯体、心理、社会功能及物质生活4个维度均较对照组显著为低(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论:抑郁症患者多采用了中间型和不成熟型的心理防御方式,其家庭生活质量下降。     

精神病患者家属生活质量及其相关因素分析

目的探讨精神病患者家属主观生活满意度与客观状态的关系，并分析前者的影响因素。方法对100例精神病患者家属进行一般情况和生活质量综合评定问卷（QOLI-74）调查，并进行相关性和多因素回归分析。结果精神病患者家属的主观生活满意度与其客观指标相关，但也与其实际需求、年龄、文化程度及与患者关系有关。结论客观状态是影响主观生活满意度的首要因素，同时应考虑实际需求、年龄、文化程度、与患者关系对家庭成员主观生活满意度的影响。     

急性脑血管病患者家属心理健康状况分析

目的 探讨急性脑血管病患者家属的心理健康状况及其影响因素，提出相应的护理措施，为临床神经科实施心理护理提供参考。方法 采用一般情况调查表和焦虑自评量表（SAS）对196例急性脑血管病患者家属进行问卷调查。结果 急性脑血管病患者家属的焦虑得分明显高于国内常模（P <0.01），且受性别、文化程度、职业、在职情况、家庭平均月收入等因素影响。结论 急性脑血管病患者家属的心理健康状况较正常人群差，采取相应护理干预措施可以提高他们的心理健康水平和生活质量。     

酒依赖患者配偶生活质量调查

酒依赖会影响患者家属尤其是配偶的生活质量。我们对60例酒依赖患者的配偶进行生活质量问卷调查,并与60例正常者进行比较,报告如下。     

高频重复经颅磁刺激治疗抑郁症疗效及影响因素分析

目的 分析高频重复经颅磁刺激(rTMS)治疗抑郁症疗效及影响因素。方法 回顾性分析皖西卫生职业学院附属医院2019年5月～2022年5月使用药物治疗联合高频rTMS治疗的80例抑郁症患者的临床资料,将其归为研究组,再以同期仅使用药物治疗的80例抑郁症患者为对照,将其归为对照组。使用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)对治疗后患者抑郁症状进行评估,比较两组治疗效果,再根据治疗后患者HAMD评分变化将研究组分为治疗有效组(n=51)和治疗无效组(n=29),对患者性别、年龄、文化程度、精神病家族史、病程、睡眠情况、运动情况、治疗依从性、生活质量、家属亲密度、认知能力、合并躯体疾病等临床资料进行单因素比较,选取存在显著差异的指标行非条件Logistic多元逐步回归分析,分析影响高频rTMS治疗抑郁症患者疗效的影响因素。结果 药物治疗联合高频rTMS治疗有效率为63.75%,研究组疗效明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。睡眠情况、治疗依从性、家属亲密度、认知能力均是影响高频rTMS治疗抑郁症疗效的独立因素(P均<0.05)。结论 药物治疗联合高频rTMS治疗抑郁症具有较高疗效,且治疗期间患者睡...     

上海浦东新区慢性躯体疾病老年人共病抑郁障碍调查

目的:对上海市浦东新区慢性躯体疾病老年人共病抑郁障碍的患病率及其易感因素进行调查。方法:随机抽取浦东新区常住≥60岁老人3311名,对确诊患有慢性躯体疾病的1860例老人应用美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版(DSM-Ⅳ)轴I障碍定式临床检查患者版(SCID-I/P)作为诊断工具进行调查。结果:1860例老人中抑郁障碍时点患病率为10.91%(203例),其中恶劣心境119例(6.40%),重性抑郁发作84例(4.51%),男∶女=1∶1.05。共病抑郁障碍的患病率以高龄、独居、文化程度较高、家庭关系和邻里关系紧张、经济困难以及多种躯体疾病者为高(P均<0.01)。Logistic回归分析显示,高龄、独居、文化程度高、家庭关系紧张、多种躯体疾病是共病抑郁障碍的独立相关风险因素(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:上海市浦东新区慢性躯体疾病老年人随着疾病增多,共病抑郁障碍增加。     

An adjunctive Management of Depression Program for difficult‐to‐treat depressed patients and their families

Background: The goal of this open‐label feasibility trial was to test a short‐term, adjunctive intervention, the Management of Depression (MoD) Program, to determine if patients with difficult‐to‐treat forms of depression and their family members could learn to cope more effectively with their illness. Methods: Nineteen patients meeting The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual IV criteria for major depressive disorder, dysthymia, or chronic/recurrent depression and their family members participated in an open‐label study testing the efficacy of the MoD Program. The intervention consisted of nine sessions over 16 weeks, followed by an 8‐month maintenance phase. Outcome measures focused on quality of life, psychological and family functioning, and level of depression. Results: Fourteen patients and their family members improved significantly in psychosocial and family functioning, and depression severity (all P‐values <.05) by the end of the 16‐week intervention. There was also significant improvement in quality of life, psychosocial and family functioning, and depression scores (all P‐values<.05) for the 10 patients who completed the maintenance phase. Conclusion: The MoD Program is a useful adjunctive intervention that helped patients and their family members deal more effectively with their persisting depression. The disease management approach improved the patient's perceived quality of life and functioning, reduced depressive symptoms, and improved perception of their family's functioning. Depression and Anxiety, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

首发精神分裂症患者5年随访研究

目的：探讨首发精神分裂症患者5年预后,生活质量及其相关影响因素。方法：采用自制的一般情况调蠢衷,阳性和阴性症状量表（PANSS）。健康状况调查问卷（SF-36）,家庭负担量表（FIS）对86例患者及其家属进行问卷调查。结果：男性患者生活质量中的角色功能的分值高于女性,而躯体疼痛和社会功能的分值女性明显高于男性患者。患者的PANSS总分和各因子分与躯体功能呈显著负相关,PANSS总分、阴性症状分以及一般精神病理分与患者生活质量中的角色功能、社会功能以及角色情绪因子呈显著负相关。患者生活质量中的生理机能、生理职能和情感职能因子分与FIS中的经济负担、对家庭日常活动的扰乱、对家庭娱乐活动的影响以及对家庭关系的影响之间存在明显的负相关。结论：经济状况、精神症状等因素是影响患者生活质量的重要因素。     

老年痴呆患者住院治疗前后家属心理负担研究

目的了解老年痴呆患者住院治疗对家属心理健康状况与照料负担的影响，探讨住院模式与减轻家属负担的关系。方法采用自编“住院顾虑量表”、家庭会谈量表和90项症状清单（SCL-90）对87名老年痴呆家属进行问卷调查。结果老年痴呆患者住院三个月后家属躯体化、强迫、人际、抑郁、焦虑因子分有显著改善；家属的日常生活、娱乐活动、家庭关系、躯体健康，心理健康和主观负担均显著改善，而经济负担并无显著增加；影响家属选择住院模式的主要原因排序依次为;“社会及家人舆论压力”〉“担心经济负担加重”〉“感情不能接受”〉“看望和照顾不方便”〉“担心医院对老人照顾不周”。结论老年痴呆患者住院治疗能够有效提高家属的心理健康水平、减轻照料负担。     

Anxiety and depression in family caregivers of people with Alzheimer disease: the LASER-AD study.

OBJECTIVE: There are high rates of stress, distress, and psychological illness in family caregivers of people with dementia. Female caregivers and those caring for people with neuropsychiatric symptoms are particularly at risk. The authors report on the prevalence of anxiety and depression in a sample of family caregivers of people with Alzheimer disease (AD) and compare the characteristics of those who did or did not have those conditions. METHODS: A group of 153 people with AD and their caregivers were interviewed as part of a larger study of AD. RESULTS: In all, 23.5% of caregivers scored at or above caseness level for anxiety, and 10.5%, at levels for depression. Care-recipient (CR) activities of daily living (ADL) impairment, being a caregiver living with the CR, being a female caregiver, reporting a poorer quality of relationship with the CR, and caregivers reporting their health as being poor all predicted anxiety disorder. CR irritability, caregivers reporting poor health, and a poorer quality of relationship with the CR predicted depression. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians should be aware of the high rates of anxiety as well as depressive symptoms in family caregivers of people with AD, especially in female caregivers. CRs and Caregivers' impaired physical health put them at risk for psychological morbidity and should be treated energetically. A poor-quality relationship between the caregiver and the CR predicts both caregiver depression and anxiety. Caregivers living with the CR are much more likely to be anxious than depressed.     

Risk factors for delusion of theft in patients with Alzheimer's disease showing mild Dementia in Japan

The mechanism underlying delusion in Alzheimer's disease patients has not been fully clarified; however, the occurrence of delusion is a critical issue for dementia patients and their caregivers. In Japan, delusion of theft is the most frequent delusion in AD patients. We examined the risk factors for delusion of theft in AD patients showing mild dementia. Fifty-six AD patients were administered HDS-R, MMSE and COGNISTAT, including the ‘speech sample’, to assess their neuropsychological and social cognitive functions. The age, years of education, presence of cohabiting family members and premorbid personality traits were obtained from family members. About 25.0% of AD patients showed delusion of theft (D-group), and 75% did not (non-D-group). About 33.3% of female patients and 5.9% of male patients were included in the D-group (p < 0.05). About 13.6% of patients who were cohabiting with family members and 66.7% of patients who were living alone were included in the D-group (p < 0.05). About 35.1% of patients who had a neurotic personality and 5.3% of patients who did not were included in the D-group (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in scores on HDS-R, MMSE and COGNISTAT sub-scales, except for ‘speech sample’, between the two groups. In the ‘speech sample’, 38.7% of patients who understood a relationship between two boys and 12.0% of patients who did not were included in the D-group (p < 0.05). These results indicated that delusion of theft in AD patients was related to female gender, absence of cohabiting family members, neurotic personality and retained social cognitive function.     

Erythrocyte COMT-activity in patients with affective disorders

COMT enzyme characteristics (K_m, V, ratio of meta/paramethylation) were determined in the red blood cells of 20 patients with endogenous depression, in 20 healthy controls matched as to age and sex, as well as in 10 patients with mania, and 10 patients with neurotic depression. Assessment was done twice, i.e. before and after remission in patients with endogenous depression and in the manic patients. If male and female patients are considered together there was no statistical difference between the COMT charateristics of these patients groups, either before or after remission. Only the bipolar patients showed a higher COMT-activity (V) than their individually matched controls. If, however, only the female patients are taken into consideration, COMT-activity of the patients with endogenous depression vs. controls is significantly increased by 60%. This difference can be demonstrated also after remission (“free interval”) though statistical significance is reached only for the unipolar group. Further in vitro experiments indicate that antidepressant drugs do not possess a relevant influence on COMT-activity. Ranking the mean COMT-values leads to the following order: matched controls < neurotic depression < unipolar depression < biopolar depression, which would be in good agreement with theoretical expectations based on the amine hypothesis of depression. Compared with normal male subjects COMT-activity of female controls is significantly lower. On the other hand, the female patients with endogenous depression show a significantly higher enzyme activity than the corresponding male patients.     

Association between physical illnesses and depressive symptoms requiring hospitalization in suicide victims

We examined an association between a history of hospital-treated depression and physical diseases in 1877 suicide victims from Northern Finland. Information on physical diseases and depression of victims was extracted from the Finnish Hospital Discharge Registers. Of suicide victims, 31% of female and 16% of male victims had a lifetime history of depression. When compared with victims without any lifetime hospital-treated physical illnesses, a history of depression was shown to associate with the diseases of the nervous, circulatory, respiratory, and musculoskeletal systems in the group of symptoms and signs, injuries and poisonings, and infectious diseases among male victims. Respectively, in female victims, an increased prevalence of depression was seen in endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases, diseases of the nervous, circulatory, genitourinary, skin and subcutaneous tissue, and musculoskeletal systems, and with injuries and poisonings, pregnancy-related problems and infectious diseases. This study is the first to evaluate comorbidity between physical illnesses and depression over the lifetime in suicide victims; earlier studies reported findings in living patients from epidemiological or clinical populations. Since depression can affect quality of life in severely ill patients, targeting depression in patients with chronic illness may assist in decreasing suicide rates.     

慢性精神分裂症患者生命质量的性别差异

目的：探讨长期住院的慢性精神分裂症患者生命质量的性别差异及影响因素。方法：采用健康状况调查问卷（SF-36）、阳性与阴性症状量表（PANSS）、治疗中出现的症状量表（TESS）对连续住院时间超过5年的72例男性、47例女性慢性精神分裂症患者进行评定，选用60名健康自愿者作为对照。结果：男性患者生命质量显菩低于女性；精神病状态、药物种类、药物不良反应、年龄、住院时间对男女生命质量均有影响；男性的生命质量还受病期、婚姻状况的影响。结论：慢性精神分裂症患者的生命质量低下．应给予更多关注。     

抑郁症患者主观幸福感的对照研究

目的探讨抑郁症患者与正常人在主观幸福感上的差异,以及不同性别的抑郁症患者在主观幸福感上的差异。方法应用总体幸福感量表(GWB)对60名抑郁症患者和60名正常人进行主观幸福感的测定。结果正常被试与抑郁症被试在总体幸福感及各分量表分数上均存在显著的差别(P<0.05)。不同性别的抑郁症患者在正性情绪、负性情绪、总体幸福感的差别具有显著性(P<0.05),女性在幸福感体验和情感体验上都比男性高。结论抑郁症患者的主观幸福感相对正常人较低,女性抑郁症患者在幸福感体验和情感体验上都比男性高。