新双源CT虚拟平扫技术在肝脏检查中的应用

目的 研究新双源CT的虚拟平扫技术在肝脏扫描中的应用价值.方法 51例肝脏CT平扫和增强扫描患者在完成常规平扫、肝动脉期及门静脉期3期扫描后,采用肝脏虚拟平扫后处理软件生成虚拟平扫图像.采用Wilcoxon分析比较常规平扫和虚拟平扫图像的病灶显示,并利用t检验对比分析肝脏、肌肉的CT值、图像SNR,以及患者单期扫描时接受的辐射剂量和总辐射剂量容积CT剂量指数(CTDIvol)值和剂量长度乘积(DLP)值.结果 虚拟平扫和常规平扫在病灶显示上无明显差异.虚拟平扫肝脏CT值(61.32±6.04)HU,大于常规平扫的(56.85±4.80)HU,差异有统计学意义(t=-3.927,P＜0.01);虚拟平扫图像SNR 11.28±2.78,大于常规平扫的8.65±1.56,差异有统计学意义(t=-5.590,P＜0.01).虚拟平扫CTDIvol总量(14.35±1.66)mGy和DLP总量(313.91±45.08)mGy·cm均低于常规平扫的(21.43±2.46)mGy和(469.02±66.22)mGy·cm,差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为16.168和13.132,P值均＜0.01).结论 新双源CT的虚拟平扫技术在保证图像质量的前提下降低了辐射剂量,使其取代常规平扫成为可能.

Abstract：

Objective To assess the virtual non-contrast liver CT from dual-energy CT for the clinical application. Methods In total, 51 patients were included in the study, and all patients underwent multi-phase liver CT on a dual-source CT. The True non-contrast liver CT (TNCT) was performed in a single-energy acquisition mode, but the arterial and portovenous liver CT (VNCT) were performed in a dual-energy mode of 110 kV and 140 kV respectively. The virtual non-contrast CT images were derived from the arterial data using liver virtual non-contrast software. Between the true non-contrast CT and the virtual non-contrast CT, the image quality, mean CT HU values in the liver and muscle, signal to noise (SNR), the radiation dose of volume CT dose index (CTDIvol) and dose length product (DLP) in a single phase and total examination were compared with t test. Results There was no significant difference in the detection of liver lesions between TNCT and VNCT. The CT Hu values of muscle on both TNCT and VNCT images were almost equal. The CT HU values of liver on VNCT images were higher than that on TNCT images and the difference was significant [61.32 ±6. 04 vs. (56. 85 ±4. 80) HU, t = -3. 927,P＜0.01]. There was also significant differenc of SNR between TNCT (11.28±2. 78) and VNCT (8.65 ± 1.56) images( t =-5.590,P＜0.01). The CTDIvol and DLP of single phase were (7.07 ±0.85) mGy and (155.11 ±respectively, but in TNCT the total CTDIvol and DLP reached (21.43 ± 2. 46 ) mGy and (469. 02 ±significance, but the total CTDIvol and DLP were significantly different (t = 16. 168 and 13. 132, P ＜0. 01). Conclusion With the consequent reduction in radiation dose, the VNCT can replace TNCT as an imaging protocol in multi-phase abdominal CT examination in clinic.     

腹腔动脉CT血管成像固定毫安秒低剂量技术探讨

Objective To characterize the feasibility of low-dose CT angingraphy on 16-slice multislice computed tomography (16-MSCT), and its relationship to the noise in the pre-contrast image and enhancement value.Methods Forty-three consecutive patients (male 21, female 22, mean age 59 years, median age 56 years) underwent abdominal 16-MSCT (Toshiba Aquilion 16) with constant scanning parameters including 120 kVp, a 0.5-second gantry rotation time, a pitch of 0.938: 1, and 16×1-mm detector collimation.The mA was set at 200 in the pre-contrast scan and 160 in the contrast-enhanced scan.The arterial phase images were retrospectively reconstructed with 1-mm slice thickness, 0.8 mm interval.The pre-contrast noise was defined as the standard deviation (SD) of the aorta at the level of right posterior crura of diaphragm.The enhancement of aorta was also measured at level of celiac artery.The volume rendering of CT angiography was made and classified into three grades (excellent, good, bad).Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the relationship between the image quality of CT angiography and noise in the pre-contrast image and enhancement value.Results Twenty-five cases had the aorta enhancement between 300.0--400.0 HU.The sensitivity and specificity of excellent CTA image was 75% and 62%, respectively when the SD was 12.00.Eighteen cases had the aorta enhancement more than 400.0 HU.The sensitivity and specificity of excellent CTA image was all 100% when the SD was 12.25, and 100% and 75%, respectively when the SD was 13.35.The area under curve of CTA image quality and enhancement in receiver-operated characteristic analysis was O.907.The enhancement was more than 356.7 HU when the sensitivity and specificity of excellent CTA image was 100% and 60%, respectively, and 389.8 HU when 78% and 80%.When the enhancement was more than 442.4 HU, the specificity of excellent CTA image was 100%.Conclusions MSCT angiography with low radiation dose is feasible.Good CT angiography demands great enhancement, and then, the needed mAs is lower when the SD is smaller.     

腹腔动脉CT血管成像固定毫安秒低剂量技术探讨

Objective To characterize the feasibility of low-dose CT angingraphy on 16-slice multislice computed tomography (16-MSCT), and its relationship to the noise in the pre-contrast image and enhancement value.Methods Forty-three consecutive patients (male 21, female 22, mean age 59 years, median age 56 years) underwent abdominal 16-MSCT (Toshiba Aquilion 16) with constant scanning parameters including 120 kVp, a 0.5-second gantry rotation time, a pitch of 0.938: 1, and 16×1-mm detector collimation.The mA was set at 200 in the pre-contrast scan and 160 in the contrast-enhanced scan.The arterial phase images were retrospectively reconstructed with 1-mm slice thickness, 0.8 mm interval.The pre-contrast noise was defined as the standard deviation (SD) of the aorta at the level of right posterior crura of diaphragm.The enhancement of aorta was also measured at level of celiac artery.The volume rendering of CT angiography was made and classified into three grades (excellent, good, bad).Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the relationship between the image quality of CT angiography and noise in the pre-contrast image and enhancement value.Results Twenty-five cases had the aorta enhancement between 300.0--400.0 HU.The sensitivity and specificity of excellent CTA image was 75% and 62%, respectively when the SD was 12.00.Eighteen cases had the aorta enhancement more than 400.0 HU.The sensitivity and specificity of excellent CTA image was all 100% when the SD was 12.25, and 100% and 75%, respectively when the SD was 13.35.The area under curve of CTA image quality and enhancement in receiver-operated characteristic analysis was O.907.The enhancement was more than 356.7 HU when the sensitivity and specificity of excellent CTA image was 100% and 60%, respectively, and 389.8 HU when 78% and 80%.When the enhancement was more than 442.4 HU, the specificity of excellent CTA image was 100%.Conclusions MSCT angiography with low radiation dose is feasible.Good CT angiography demands great enhancement, and then, the needed mAs is lower when the SD is smaller.     

腹腔动脉CT血管成像固定毫安秒低剂量技术探讨

Objective To characterize the feasibility of low-dose CT angingraphy on 16-slice multislice computed tomography (16-MSCT), and its relationship to the noise in the pre-contrast image and enhancement value.Methods Forty-three consecutive patients (male 21, female 22, mean age 59 years, median age 56 years) underwent abdominal 16-MSCT (Toshiba Aquilion 16) with constant scanning parameters including 120 kVp, a 0.5-second gantry rotation time, a pitch of 0.938: 1, and 16×1-mm detector collimation.The mA was set at 200 in the pre-contrast scan and 160 in the contrast-enhanced scan.The arterial phase images were retrospectively reconstructed with 1-mm slice thickness, 0.8 mm interval.The pre-contrast noise was defined as the standard deviation (SD) of the aorta at the level of right posterior crura of diaphragm.The enhancement of aorta was also measured at level of celiac artery.The volume rendering of CT angiography was made and classified into three grades (excellent, good, bad).Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the relationship between the image quality of CT angiography and noise in the pre-contrast image and enhancement value.Results Twenty-five cases had the aorta enhancement between 300.0--400.0 HU.The sensitivity and specificity of excellent CTA image was 75% and 62%, respectively when the SD was 12.00.Eighteen cases had the aorta enhancement more than 400.0 HU.The sensitivity and specificity of excellent CTA image was all 100% when the SD was 12.25, and 100% and 75%, respectively when the SD was 13.35.The area under curve of CTA image quality and enhancement in receiver-operated characteristic analysis was O.907.The enhancement was more than 356.7 HU when the sensitivity and specificity of excellent CTA image was 100% and 60%, respectively, and 389.8 HU when 78% and 80%.When the enhancement was more than 442.4 HU, the specificity of excellent CTA image was 100%.Conclusions MSCT angiography with low radiation dose is feasible.Good CT angiography demands great enhancement, and then, the needed mAs is lower when the SD is smaller.     

腹腔动脉CT血管成像固定毫安秒低剂量技术探讨

Objective To characterize the feasibility of low-dose CT angingraphy on 16-slice multislice computed tomography (16-MSCT), and its relationship to the noise in the pre-contrast image and enhancement value.Methods Forty-three consecutive patients (male 21, female 22, mean age 59 years, median age 56 years) underwent abdominal 16-MSCT (Toshiba Aquilion 16) with constant scanning parameters including 120 kVp, a 0.5-second gantry rotation time, a pitch of 0.938: 1, and 16×1-mm detector collimation.The mA was set at 200 in the pre-contrast scan and 160 in the contrast-enhanced scan.The arterial phase images were retrospectively reconstructed with 1-mm slice thickness, 0.8 mm interval.The pre-contrast noise was defined as the standard deviation (SD) of the aorta at the level of right posterior crura of diaphragm.The enhancement of aorta was also measured at level of celiac artery.The volume rendering of CT angiography was made and classified into three grades (excellent, good, bad).Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the relationship between the image quality of CT angiography and noise in the pre-contrast image and enhancement value.Results Twenty-five cases had the aorta enhancement between 300.0--400.0 HU.The sensitivity and specificity of excellent CTA image was 75% and 62%, respectively when the SD was 12.00.Eighteen cases had the aorta enhancement more than 400.0 HU.The sensitivity and specificity of excellent CTA image was all 100% when the SD was 12.25, and 100% and 75%, respectively when the SD was 13.35.The area under curve of CTA image quality and enhancement in receiver-operated characteristic analysis was O.907.The enhancement was more than 356.7 HU when the sensitivity and specificity of excellent CTA image was 100% and 60%, respectively, and 389.8 HU when 78% and 80%.When the enhancement was more than 442.4 HU, the specificity of excellent CTA image was 100%.Conclusions MSCT angiography with low radiation dose is feasible.Good CT angiography demands great enhancement, and then, the needed mAs is lower when the SD is smaller.     

腹腔动脉CT血管成像固定毫安秒低剂量技术探讨

Objective To characterize the feasibility of low-dose CT angingraphy on 16-slice multislice computed tomography (16-MSCT), and its relationship to the noise in the pre-contrast image and enhancement value.Methods Forty-three consecutive patients (male 21, female 22, mean age 59 years, median age 56 years) underwent abdominal 16-MSCT (Toshiba Aquilion 16) with constant scanning parameters including 120 kVp, a 0.5-second gantry rotation time, a pitch of 0.938: 1, and 16×1-mm detector collimation.The mA was set at 200 in the pre-contrast scan and 160 in the contrast-enhanced scan.The arterial phase images were retrospectively reconstructed with 1-mm slice thickness, 0.8 mm interval.The pre-contrast noise was defined as the standard deviation (SD) of the aorta at the level of right posterior crura of diaphragm.The enhancement of aorta was also measured at level of celiac artery.The volume rendering of CT angiography was made and classified into three grades (excellent, good, bad).Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the relationship between the image quality of CT angiography and noise in the pre-contrast image and enhancement value.Results Twenty-five cases had the aorta enhancement between 300.0--400.0 HU.The sensitivity and specificity of excellent CTA image was 75% and 62%, respectively when the SD was 12.00.Eighteen cases had the aorta enhancement more than 400.0 HU.The sensitivity and specificity of excellent CTA image was all 100% when the SD was 12.25, and 100% and 75%, respectively when the SD was 13.35.The area under curve of CTA image quality and enhancement in receiver-operated characteristic analysis was O.907.The enhancement was more than 356.7 HU when the sensitivity and specificity of excellent CTA image was 100% and 60%, respectively, and 389.8 HU when 78% and 80%.When the enhancement was more than 442.4 HU, the specificity of excellent CTA image was 100%.Conclusions MSCT angiography with low radiation dose is feasible.Good CT angiography demands great enhancement, and then, the needed mAs is lower when the SD is smaller.     

腹腔动脉CT血管成像固定毫安秒低剂量技术探讨

Objective To characterize the feasibility of low-dose CT angingraphy on 16-slice multislice computed tomography (16-MSCT), and its relationship to the noise in the pre-contrast image and enhancement value.Methods Forty-three consecutive patients (male 21, female 22, mean age 59 years, median age 56 years) underwent abdominal 16-MSCT (Toshiba Aquilion 16) with constant scanning parameters including 120 kVp, a 0.5-second gantry rotation time, a pitch of 0.938: 1, and 16×1-mm detector collimation.The mA was set at 200 in the pre-contrast scan and 160 in the contrast-enhanced scan.The arterial phase images were retrospectively reconstructed with 1-mm slice thickness, 0.8 mm interval.The pre-contrast noise was defined as the standard deviation (SD) of the aorta at the level of right posterior crura of diaphragm.The enhancement of aorta was also measured at level of celiac artery.The volume rendering of CT angiography was made and classified into three grades (excellent, good, bad).Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the relationship between the image quality of CT angiography and noise in the pre-contrast image and enhancement value.Results Twenty-five cases had the aorta enhancement between 300.0--400.0 HU.The sensitivity and specificity of excellent CTA image was 75% and 62%, respectively when the SD was 12.00.Eighteen cases had the aorta enhancement more than 400.0 HU.The sensitivity and specificity of excellent CTA image was all 100% when the SD was 12.25, and 100% and 75%, respectively when the SD was 13.35.The area under curve of CTA image quality and enhancement in receiver-operated characteristic analysis was O.907.The enhancement was more than 356.7 HU when the sensitivity and specificity of excellent CTA image was 100% and 60%, respectively, and 389.8 HU when 78% and 80%.When the enhancement was more than 442.4 HU, the specificity of excellent CTA image was 100%.Conclusions MSCT angiography with low radiation dose is feasible.Good CT angiography demands great enhancement, and then, the needed mAs is lower when the SD is smaller.     

腹腔动脉CT血管成像固定毫安秒低剂量技术探讨

Objective To characterize the feasibility of low-dose CT angingraphy on 16-slice multislice computed tomography (16-MSCT), and its relationship to the noise in the pre-contrast image and enhancement value.Methods Forty-three consecutive patients (male 21, female 22, mean age 59 years, median age 56 years) underwent abdominal 16-MSCT (Toshiba Aquilion 16) with constant scanning parameters including 120 kVp, a 0.5-second gantry rotation time, a pitch of 0.938: 1, and 16×1-mm detector collimation.The mA was set at 200 in the pre-contrast scan and 160 in the contrast-enhanced scan.The arterial phase images were retrospectively reconstructed with 1-mm slice thickness, 0.8 mm interval.The pre-contrast noise was defined as the standard deviation (SD) of the aorta at the level of right posterior crura of diaphragm.The enhancement of aorta was also measured at level of celiac artery.The volume rendering of CT angiography was made and classified into three grades (excellent, good, bad).Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the relationship between the image quality of CT angiography and noise in the pre-contrast image and enhancement value.Results Twenty-five cases had the aorta enhancement between 300.0--400.0 HU.The sensitivity and specificity of excellent CTA image was 75% and 62%, respectively when the SD was 12.00.Eighteen cases had the aorta enhancement more than 400.0 HU.The sensitivity and specificity of excellent CTA image was all 100% when the SD was 12.25, and 100% and 75%, respectively when the SD was 13.35.The area under curve of CTA image quality and enhancement in receiver-operated characteristic analysis was O.907.The enhancement was more than 356.7 HU when the sensitivity and specificity of excellent CTA image was 100% and 60%, respectively, and 389.8 HU when 78% and 80%.When the enhancement was more than 442.4 HU, the specificity of excellent CTA image was 100%.Conclusions MSCT angiography with low radiation dose is feasible.Good CT angiography demands great enhancement, and then, the needed mAs is lower when the SD is smaller.     

腹腔动脉CT血管成像固定毫安秒低剂量技术探讨

Objective To characterize the feasibility of low-dose CT angingraphy on 16-slice multislice computed tomography (16-MSCT), and its relationship to the noise in the pre-contrast image and enhancement value.Methods Forty-three consecutive patients (male 21, female 22, mean age 59 years, median age 56 years) underwent abdominal 16-MSCT (Toshiba Aquilion 16) with constant scanning parameters including 120 kVp, a 0.5-second gantry rotation time, a pitch of 0.938: 1, and 16×1-mm detector collimation.The mA was set at 200 in the pre-contrast scan and 160 in the contrast-enhanced scan.The arterial phase images were retrospectively reconstructed with 1-mm slice thickness, 0.8 mm interval.The pre-contrast noise was defined as the standard deviation (SD) of the aorta at the level of right posterior crura of diaphragm.The enhancement of aorta was also measured at level of celiac artery.The volume rendering of CT angiography was made and classified into three grades (excellent, good, bad).Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the relationship between the image quality of CT angiography and noise in the pre-contrast image and enhancement value.Results Twenty-five cases had the aorta enhancement between 300.0--400.0 HU.The sensitivity and specificity of excellent CTA image was 75% and 62%, respectively when the SD was 12.00.Eighteen cases had the aorta enhancement more than 400.0 HU.The sensitivity and specificity of excellent CTA image was all 100% when the SD was 12.25, and 100% and 75%, respectively when the SD was 13.35.The area under curve of CTA image quality and enhancement in receiver-operated characteristic analysis was O.907.The enhancement was more than 356.7 HU when the sensitivity and specificity of excellent CTA image was 100% and 60%, respectively, and 389.8 HU when 78% and 80%.When the enhancement was more than 442.4 HU, the specificity of excellent CTA image was 100%.Conclusions MSCT angiography with low radiation dose is feasible.Good CT angiography demands great enhancement, and then, the needed mAs is lower when the SD is smaller.     

腹腔动脉CT血管成像固定毫安秒低剂量技术探讨

Objective To characterize the feasibility of low-dose CT angingraphy on 16-slice multislice computed tomography (16-MSCT), and its relationship to the noise in the pre-contrast image and enhancement value.Methods Forty-three consecutive patients (male 21, female 22, mean age 59 years, median age 56 years) underwent abdominal 16-MSCT (Toshiba Aquilion 16) with constant scanning parameters including 120 kVp, a 0.5-second gantry rotation time, a pitch of 0.938: 1, and 16×1-mm detector collimation.The mA was set at 200 in the pre-contrast scan and 160 in the contrast-enhanced scan.The arterial phase images were retrospectively reconstructed with 1-mm slice thickness, 0.8 mm interval.The pre-contrast noise was defined as the standard deviation (SD) of the aorta at the level of right posterior crura of diaphragm.The enhancement of aorta was also measured at level of celiac artery.The volume rendering of CT angiography was made and classified into three grades (excellent, good, bad).Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the relationship between the image quality of CT angiography and noise in the pre-contrast image and enhancement value.Results Twenty-five cases had the aorta enhancement between 300.0--400.0 HU.The sensitivity and specificity of excellent CTA image was 75% and 62%, respectively when the SD was 12.00.Eighteen cases had the aorta enhancement more than 400.0 HU.The sensitivity and specificity of excellent CTA image was all 100% when the SD was 12.25, and 100% and 75%, respectively when the SD was 13.35.The area under curve of CTA image quality and enhancement in receiver-operated characteristic analysis was O.907.The enhancement was more than 356.7 HU when the sensitivity and specificity of excellent CTA image was 100% and 60%, respectively, and 389.8 HU when 78% and 80%.When the enhancement was more than 442.4 HU, the specificity of excellent CTA image was 100%.Conclusions MSCT angiography with low radiation dose is feasible.Good CT angiography demands great enhancement, and then, the needed mAs is lower when the SD is smaller.     

腰椎及椎间盘病变低剂量螺旋CT扫描技术改进初探

目的探讨自动管电流调节技术(ATCM)及其参数在腰椎螺旋CT容积扫描中降低辐射剂量的价值。资料与方法前瞻性连续搜集本院进行腰椎螺旋CT检查患者50例,随机分为5小组,记录受检者体重指数(BMI),分别接受以下5组不同参数组合CT扫描:第1组采用固定管电流技术,405 mAs,120 kV;第2～5组均采用智能毫安秒技术,噪声值(NI)分别为21 HU、25 HU、25 HU、25 HU,管电流范围分别为100～710 mAs、100～710mAs、40～300 mAs、40～300 mAs,管电压分别为120 kV、120 kV、120 kV、100 kV。进行以上参数扫描同时记录随机的容积CT剂量指数(CTDIvol)及剂量长度乘积(DLP)。对获得容积再现(VR)重组及batch重组图像进行图像质量评分(IQS),并测量各组参数下L3～4、L4～5、L5～S1椎间盘中心水平腰大肌的标准差(SD)值。对所获得数值进行统计学分析。结果不同参数组间BMI无统计学差异。各组CTDIvol值存在明显统计学差异(P﹤0.01),第4组、第5组CTDIvol值为第1组的56.63%、40.03%;各组DLP值存在明显统计学差异(P﹤0.01),第4组、第5组DLP值为第1组的55.29%、39.78%。各组VR及batch重组图像评分存在统计学差异。VR重组图像评分在第1～4组间无统计学差异,第5组图像评分与各组均存在统计学差异;batch图像评分中第1组、第2组均与第5组存在统计学差异。各组L3～4、L4～5、L5～S1椎间盘水平腰大肌的SD值存在统计学差异,第1～4组均与第5组存在统计学差异。结论正确使用自动管电流调节技术可以在确保图像质量的同时降低受检者所受辐射剂量,采用NI25 HU、管电流范围40～300 mAs、管电压120 kV可降低43.37%的辐射剂量。     

16层CT胸部血管成像Z轴调制低剂量研究

目的 探讨16层CT胸部增强血管成像中Z轴调制合理低剂量的可行性.方法 连续60例患者依序分为3组,每组20例,采用16层CT机,以3.5～4.0 ml/s流率注射非离子型对比剂80～90ml后20～25 s全肺扫描.采用Z轴调制的自动曝光控制(AEC)方式进行低剂量控制,以噪声指数,即均匀结构CT值测量时的标准差(SD)为变量,分别设A组SD=12,B组SD=15,C组SD=18.其余参数固定.每例患者扫描后即刻记录该次增强扫描的每层mAs和层数,并求得平均每层的mAs.分别评价横断面图像的噪声、伪影和CTA图像诊断接受度.差异显著性采用ANOVA法或Kruskal-Wallis法进行分析.结果 A组mAs值(46.4±15.6)mAs最大,SD值(21.6±7.7)最小;B组mAs值(37.0±13.5)mAs居中,SD值(24.0±5.4)也居中;C组mAs值(20.7±6.3)mAs最小,SD值(30.7±6.9)则最大(H=31.390,P=0.000).中间层面mAs值(A、B、C组分别为40.9,31.3,17.1)最小(F=9.578,H=22.230,F=21.180,P=0.000),噪声(A、B、C组分别为16.3,20.0,25.4)也最小(H=28.982,H=20.824,H=24.396,P=0.000).CTA诊断接受度全部为优.胸中部降主动脉CT值分别为A组(335±85)HU,B组(334±56)HU,C组(427±63)HU.结论 16层CT胸部增强血管成像Z轴调制低剂量成像是可行的,在增强良好的前提下,可以使用很低的剂量(如20mAs)进行CTA成像.     

双下肢动脉CT血管成像不同剂量扫描方法的影像质量比较

目的 探索双下肢动脉CT血管成像(CTA)低剂量扫描的不同方法的差异,以及双下肢动脉CTA低剂量扫瞄三维处理(VR)图像的质量与血管CT值及标准差SD的关系。方法 选取行双下肢动脉CTA检查的受检者90例。用随机数字表法分成3组,常规剂量组、120 kV和80 mAs组、100 kV和130 mAs组,每组30例。图像进行容积再现三维成像(VR)处理后,按优、良、差 3个等级进行评定,对3组进行图像质量等级比较。测量CT值及标准差SD值,与VR 图像质量等级关系进行受试者操作特性曲线(ROC)分析。结果 常规剂量组(120 kV,150 mAs)、120 kV,80 mAs组和100 kV,130 mAs组VR图像等级为优的分别为93.3%、86.6%和96.6%。SD值与双下肢动脉CTA的VR图像的质量相关性分析ROC曲线下面积为0.9078,CT值与双下肢动脉CTA的VR图像的质量相关性分析ROC曲线下面积为0.9116。结论 双下肢动脉CTA低剂量扫描切实可行,100 kV和130 mAs组的图像质量优于120 kV和80 mAs组。     

多层螺旋CT低剂量扫描技术在甲状腺增强扫描中的临床应用

目的：探讨多层螺旋 CT 低剂量扫描技术在甲状腺增强扫描中的临床应用价值。方法80例患者随机分为4组(每组各20例),4组分别为：A 组,120 kV、180 mA;B 组,120 kV、100 mA;C 组,100 kV、180 mA;D 组,100 kV、100 mA。主观评价图像质量并评分,统计甲状腺 CT 值、图像背景噪声(N)、图像信噪比(SNR)、CT 剂量指数(CTDIvol)、剂量长度乘积(DLP)、有效辐射剂量(ED)并进行对比分析。结果4组图像主观评分为3.90±0.31、3.75±0.44、3.70±0.47、3.60±0.60,SNR 为26.34±3.13、25.08±1.87、25.86±2.38、24.87±2.20,四者无统计学差异(P >0.05);甲状腺 CT 值为(168.55±13.39)HU、(170.70±11.34)HU、(185.20±22.35)HU、(190.55±21.38)HU,N 为(6.48±0.84)HU、(6.83±0.45)HU、(7.19±0.86)HU、(7.66±1.01)HU, CTDIvol 为(10.95±0.00)mGy、(6.08±0.00)mGy、(6.59±0.00)mGy、(3.66±0.00)mGy,DLP 为(145.67±8.79)mGy·cm、(84.58±4.94)mGy·cm、(89.86±3.26)mGy·cm、(50.20±1.89)mGy·cm,ED 为(0.73±0.04)mSv、(0.42±0.03)mSv、(0.45±0.03)mSv、(0.25±0.01)mSv,四者有统计学差异(P <0.05)。结论多层螺旋 CT 低剂量扫描技术既能保证图像质量又能有效降低甲状腺增强 CT 检查的辐射剂量。     

双源CT不同扫描方式在肺动脉成像临床应用

目的 比较第一代与Flash双源CT不同扫描方式在肺动脉成像时剂量与图像质量.方法 收集120例临床疑诊为PE患者,按扫描方式随机分为4组：A组行第一代双源CT双能量扫描（80/140kV）,B组行flash双源CT双能量扫描（80/sn140kV）,C组行flash双源CT双能量扫描（100/sn140kV）,D组行flash双源CT双能量扫描（140/80kV）.比较4组间的CT容积剂量指数（CT dose volume index,CTDIvol）、剂量长度乘积（dose length product,DLP）、背景噪声和肺动脉信噪比.结果 各组间患者一般情况没有明显统计学差异.B组的CTDIvol,DLP值明显低于A、C两组,图像质量明显好于D组.结论 flash双源CT（80/sn140kV）在获得满意的图像质量的同时可以减低辐射剂量.     

64层CT低剂量扫描在胸主动脉CTA中的临床应用研究

目的 探讨64层CT低剂量扫描在胸主动脉CT血管造影（CTA）成像中的临床应用研究。方法 应用64层CT对100例胸厚为22～23cm疑似胸主动脉疾病的患者分成5组进行胸主动脉CTA扫描,扫描范围为250～300mm,扫描条件为机器默认的120kV、350mAs,然后固定120kV,用300mAs、250mAs、200mAs及150mAs对其它四组患者进行扫描,记录不同mAs的CTDIvol及DLP,并转换为有效剂量ED。2位影像学家对上述图像进行SNR、CNR及主观评价。结果 将120kV、350mAs及300mAs、250mAs、200mAs及150mAs扫描产生的图像传至机器工作站进行SNR及CNR计算,其值分别为：4.81、4.02、2.59、1.73、1.57和3.81、3.27、1.86、0.92、0.94。2位影像学家对120kV下350～150mAs主观评价分值分别为：4.61±0.72,4.48±0.30,4.52±0.28,4.28±0.36,3.65±0.38;其CTDIvol、DLP分别为：10.08mGy、8.73mGy、7.14mGy、5.68mGy、4.21mGy和352.8mGy、309.32mGy、255.46mGy、203.8mGy、171.08mGy,将DLP转换为ED为5.29mSv、4.64mSv、3.83mSv、3.06mSv、2.57mSv。对上述数据进行单因素方差分析,200mAs和350mAs、300mAs、250mAs产生的影像质量没有明显差异,但200mAs的CTDIvol、DLP及ED较350mAs分别低43.7%、42.2%及43.7%。结论 胸厚为22～23cm的患者进行胸主动脉CTA扫描推荐mAs为200mAs。对于体型较小（肌肉较少）或有肺气肿等疾病可以选用150mAs及以下条件进行扫描。     

儿童副鼻窦低剂量双螺旋CT轴位扫描多平面重组的应用研究

目的探讨儿童鼻窦低剂量双螺旋轴位扫描多平面重组技术的可行性和合理的扫描参数。方法 50例正常或轻度鼻窦炎年龄1～15岁儿童按扫描参数随机分为5组,每组10例。第1～3组电压120 kV,电流分别为100 mAs、50 mAs、30 mAs;第4组电压100 kV,电流30 mAs;第5组电压80 kV电流30 mAs。用Kruskal-Wallis H检验和Nemenyi法比较各组图像质量有无差异。结果第2～5组的容积CT剂量指数（CTDIvol）与第1组的CTDIvol比较分别减少50%、70%、82%、91%。5组图像质量评分结果之间有显著差异性（χ2=54.15,P〈0.0001）;其中,第2~4组与第1组、第3~4组与第2组、第4组与第3组比较图像质量评分之间无显著差别（χ2=0.19、2.32、0.83、1.19、0.23、0.38,P〉0.05）;第5组与第1~4组比较图像质量评分之间有显著差别（χ2=40.88、35.55、23.74、30.09,P〈0.01）。结论儿童鼻窦低剂量双螺旋轴位扫描多平面重组是可行的,扫描参数低至100 kV,30 mAs,CTDIvol 4.6 mGy仍可满足临床诊断要求。     

64层螺旋CT肺动脉成像低管电压设置结合个体化对比剂应用的对照研究

目的 探讨低kV设置及个体化对比剂应用在64层MSCT肺动脉成像(MSCTPA)中应用的可行性.方法 连续选取具有发生肺动脉栓塞可能的高危患者90例,按完全随机设计分为3组:(1)常规组30例,管电压120 kV,对比剂总量70ml;(2)120 kV组30例,管电压120 kV,对比剂总量根据患者体质量进行个体化设置(1.0 ml/kg);(3)100 kV组30例,管电压100 kV,对比剂总量根据患者体质量进行个体化设置(1.0 ml/kg).3组患者的对比剂均在20 s注射完毕,并以相同流率追加生理盐水20ml.对120 kV组和100 kV组CT图像的客观指标、主观图像质量评价、GT容积剂量指数(CTDIvol)和有效吸收剂量(ERD)进行比较;对100 kV组和常规组的对比剂用量、对比剂注射流率、CT图像的客观指标和主观图像质量评价进行比较,以评价64层MSCT低kV设置联合个体化对比剂应用在MSCTPA中应用的可行性.使用方差分析及post hoc检验对3组数据进行统计学分析.结果 图像噪声水平:100 kV组(5.2±1.8)与120 kV组(3.4±0.7)比较增加了52.9%,纵隔窗图像主观图像质量评价差异无统计学意义(q=0.272,P=0.063);CTDIvol:100 kV组[(9.5±0,0)mGy]与120 kV组[(14,6±0,0)mGy]比较下降34,9%;ERD:100 kV组[(2,4±0.4)mSv]与120 kV组[(3.8±0.6)mSv]比较下降36.8%;肺动脉平均CT值:100 kV组[(269.2±54.7)HU]相对于120 kV组[(237.4±62.9)HU]平均增加了13.4%,与常规组比较差异无统计学意义(q=0.172,P=0.260).结论 64层MSCTPA应用低kV设置(100 kV)降低辐射剂量是可行和有效的,个体化对比剂注射方案对特殊人群有一定临床价值.     

64层螺旋CT检测泌尿系结石低kV扫描的优化选择及临床应用

目的：探讨64层螺旋CT检测泌尿系结石低kV扫描方案的优化及临床应用。方法：132例泌尿系结石患者随机分成6组（每组22名患者）：Ⅰ组（80kV～200mAs组）、Ⅱ组（80kV～300mAs组）、Ⅲ组（100kV～100mAs组）、Ⅳ组（100kV～150mAs组）、Ⅴ组（100kV～200mAs组）、Ⅵ组（120kV～200mAs组）。Ⅵ组为对照组。扫描层厚5mm,层间距5mm,螺距0.984;扫描结束后将获得的扫描原始数据（5mm图像）重建成1.25mm图像。测量5mm图像和1.25mm图像的肾实质的CT值及SD值,计算信噪比（SNR）,测量1.25mm层厚图像结石的最大CT值及最大横径,计数结石检出数,对图像进行主观评分并统计优、良、合格及不合格图像的例数。记录各组的辐射剂量指标CTDIvol。结果：测量5mm层厚图像,Ⅲ组的SD值为18.20,Ⅰ组的SD值为17.84,其扫描图像主观评分均合格（〉6分）,X线辐射剂量比对照组降低了69.01%。5mm图像重建成1.25mm图像后,图像噪声显著增大,与对照组相比,Ⅴ组的噪声增加率仅为28.60%,信噪比降低率仅为11.11%,X线辐射剂量降低了38.02%,其他各实验组与对照组相比噪声增加率均超过了35%。结论：在降低X线照射剂量的情况下,腹部低kVCT扫描（100kV～100mAs,80kV～200mAs）图像质量符合诊断要求,可以作为检查泌尿系结石MSCT扫描的优化条件。