应用羧化胶乳凝集试验诊断人、畜布鲁氏菌病的研究

应用以化学交联法制备的布鲁氏菌１６Ｍ抗原－羧化胶乳制剂的羧化胶乳凝集试验（ＬＡＴ）、试管凝集试验（ＳＡＴ）、虎红平板凝集试验（ＲＢＰＴ）以及酶联免疫吸附试验（ＥＬＩＳＡ）、半胱氨酸凝集试验（ＣＹＴ），对在四省布鲁氏菌病疫区收集的部分人、畜血清中布氏菌抗体进行对比检测。结果表明，ＬＡＴ较之ＲＢＰＴ具有更高的特异性；与ＳＡＴ相比，无论阳性或阴性符合率均较一致。另外，ＬＡＴ可检测血清中ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＭ两类布氏菌特异性抗体。因而本试验对人、畜布病的诊断具有特异、敏感和简便的优点，更宜在基层推广应用。     

猪布鲁氏菌病血清学非特异性反应的调查

对种猪群出现的猪布鲁氏菌病血清学非特异性反应进行了布鲁布菌和０：９型耶氏菌的细菌学、血清学方面的调查研究。结果布病ＳＡＴ检查，有９头出现低滴度反应，分离不出布氏菌。０：９型耶氏菌ＳＡＴ检查效价在１：２５以上的有５８头，占被检数的３６．６％，从猪粪便中分离出２株０：９型耶氏菌，其中一株是从布氏ＳＡＴ效价达１：１００的猪粪例中分离出的。将分离出的０：９型耶氏菌株接种本动物，结果证实布氏ＳＡＴ有较强的交     

不同的抗原和技术检查日本血吸虫病的实验研究

应用ＣＯＰＴ／ＬＥＡ、ＩＦＡＴ／ＡＷＦＳ和ＦＡＳＴ－ＥＬＩＳＡ／ＪＡＭＡ检测系统，用单盲法检查日本血吸虫病人３４４例，华支睾吸虫病人３８例、肺吸虫病人１０例、健康人９３例。ＣＯＰＴ／ＬＥＡ、ＩＦＡＴ／ＡＷＦＳ和ＦＡＳＴ－ＥＬＩＳＡ／ＪＡＭＡ对血吸虫病的敏感性依次为９３．９％、９９．４％和９９．７％；对其它寄生虫病和健康人的特异性诊次为１００％、８２．３％和３７．６％；它们的Ｙｏｕｄｅｎ‘ｓ指数依次     

ELISA目测法检测狂犬疫苗免疫后抗体结果分析

ＥＬＩＳＡ目测法检测狂犬疫苗免疫后抗体结果分析李继堪检测人血清狂犬抗体的方法常用间接免疫荧光法（ＩＦＡＴ）和酶联免疫试验（ＥＬＩＳＡ）。ＥＬＩＳＡ法具有简单、快捷、敏感、特异和重复性好等优点。１９９５年１～９月，我们用ＥＬＩＳＡ目测法检测人抗狂犬病抗...     

库尔特MD10血球计数仪改MD18的方法

１软件库尔特ＭＤ１０（Ｅ版本）在一张高密小盘上载有：（１）ＤＯＳ５．０系统文件５个：ＩＯ．ＳＹＳ、ＭＳ－ＤＯＳ．ＳＹＳ、ＣＯＭＭＡＮＤ．ＣＯＭ、ＨＩＭＥＭ．ＳＹＳ、ＲＡＭ－ＤＲＩＶＥＲ·ＳＹＳ。其中前三个文件是ＤＯＳ的核心，完成操作系统的基本功能；ＨＩＭＥＭ．ＳＹＳ可以提供上位内存，ＲＡＭＤＲＩＶＥＲ．ＳＹＳ可用建立一个虚拟盘。（２）系统配置、自动批处理文件各１个：ＣＯＮ－ＦＩＧ．ＳＹＳ、ＡＵＴＯＥＸＥＣ．ＢＡＴ。前者为程序的运行提供运行环境，包括用ＨＩＭＥＭ．ＳＹＳ开辟上位内存和用ＲＡＭＤＲＩ…     

用ELISA检测大鼠血清中肾综合征出血热病毒特异性抗体

本研究应用单克隆抗体（ＭｃＡｂ）技术，建立了三种检测大鼠血清中肾综合征出血热病毒（ＨＦＲＳＶ）特异性抗体的ＥＬＩＳＡ。通过与间接免疫荧光法（ＩＦＡＴ）对比试验发现，三种ＥＬＩＳＡ在检出大鼠血清ＨＰＲＳＶ特异性抗体的阳性率和敏感性上均明显高于ＩＦＡＴ试验，并且ＥＬＩＳＡ与ＩＦＡＴ总检出符合率为８８．５％。此外还发现由于引入小鼠抗大鼠Ｋａｐｐａ轻链ＭｃＡｂ，抗体捕捉ＥＬＩＳＡ和间接夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ具有早期诊断的特性，这些方法的建立对野生及实验动物的ＨＦＲＳＶ流行病学监测及检疫有一定价值。     

巧修CT GANTRY位置故障一例

故障现象 :在做人体扫描中经常发生突然中断现象 ,近日来故障趋于频繁。故障时ＣＲＴ上显示错误信息为“ＴＩＭＥＯＵＴＯＮＧＡＮＴＲＹＲＥＳＴＰＯＳＩＴＩＯＮＣＨＥＣＫ”或“ＴＩＭＥＯＵＴＯＮＦＩＬ ＴＥＲ/ＡＰＥＲＴＲＥＰＯＳＩＴＩＯＮＣＨＥＣＫ”。由于本故障有时伴随着不规律的伪影出现 ,故笔者决定先进行“ＣＡＬＩＢＲＡＴＩＯＮ”处理。不料在校正程序进行到“ＦＩＬＴＥＲ/ＡＰＥＲＴＵＲＥＣＨＥＣＫ”时即ＧＡＮＴＲＹ在ＣＣＷ状态下运行到ＨＯＭＥ位置时便不能继续执行 ,同时ＣＲＴ再次报出上述故障信息。故障分析与…     

WDVE-6／100医用电子直线加速器DOSIMETER报警故障一例

故障现象：正常开机,延时,电源电压,水温水压均符合技术要求,加高压开机出束时ＤＯＳＩＭＥＴＥＲ灯偶有点亮,总线清零时机器还可继续工作,几天后故障频发,总线清零不能解警,停机检修。原理分析及故障检查：分析电路原理可知,一系列报警控制继电器常开接点分别通过ＡＲＣ控制板Ｂ４、１＃截止板Ｂ５,２＃截止板Ｂ８,继电器板Ｂ３共同组成２４Ｖ联锁控制报警电路。继电器板Ｂ３上的继电器Ｋ７Ｋ８及Ｋ９由控制台上的Ｘ线钥匙及ＤＯＳＩＭＥＴＥＲ钥匙开关控制,Ｘ线钥匙处于ＯＮ时,Ｋ８闭合,ＤＯＳＩＭＥＴＥＲ钥匙处于ＲＥＳＥ…     

免疫层析法在诊断登革病毒感染中的应用

「目的」比较免疫层析法（ＩＣＴ）、膜式ＭａｃＥＬＩＳＡ和板式ＭａｃＥＬＩＳＡ在检测登革病毒感染时的敏感性和特异性。「方法」将血凝抑制试验（ＨＡＩ）检测为登革病毒感染阳性和阴性的血清标本用ＩＣＴ、膜式ＭａｃＥＬＩＳＡ和板式ＭａｃＥＬＩＳＡ进行检测,分别计算出它们的相对敏感性和相对特异性。「结果」ＩＣＴ、模式ＭａｃＥＬＩＳＡ和板式ＭａｃＥＬＩＳＡ对ＨＡＩ的相对敏感性分别是１００％、９１．４％和８８．０     

MA—4210尿分析仪打印机传动齿轮修理方法

瑞士ＳＷＥＬＡＢ公司生产的全自动血球计数仪ＡＣ -９２０ ,在我院门诊检验科使用过程中 ,常见的故障及处理方法总结如下。故障显示１“ＥＲＲＯＲＩＮＰＡＲＡＭＥＴＥＲＲＡＭ” ,内部存储器有一个不良参数。解放方法①进入预先设置程序 ,按照说明书检查所有预先设置。②进入服务程序中“ＩＮＩＴＩＡＴＥＣＡＬＩＢＣＯＮＳＴＡＮＴＳ”启动校准常数 ,按“ＳＴＡＲＴ”键 ,删除校准值 ,再重新校准仪器。③关机后重新启动仪器。故障显示２ＲＢＣ、ＨＣＴ、ＭＣＶ、ＨＧＢ、ＰＬＴ、ＷＢＣ均为ＸＸＸ ,不计数。解决办法①重新放上样本再做…     

牛布氏菌病特异抗体的鉴别

应用硝酸纤维素膜为固相的免疫斑点试验,以牛种布氏菌和0:3型小肠结肠炎耶氏菌为抗原,检查88份布病疫区牛血清,并与常规ELISA和试管凝集试验进行比较,结果表明免疫斑点试验与常规ELISA非常一致,符合率达到98%,均比试管凝集试验敏感。免疫斑点试验还能鉴别布氏菌抗体和0:9型小肠结肠炎耶氏菌抗体,是其它方法不能比的,加上方法简便、快速、稳定、容易掌握,具有在基层推广的条件,可以帮助临床诊断和流行病学调查。     

布鲁氏菌组分苗免疫小鼠的免疫反应和保护力的研究

本文报告了在小鼠中用B.melitensis 16M株的OMP和E组分进行了免疫学反应及保护力的研究。在6.5月免疫期内,OMP和E免疫组动物血清学反应低于104M组,而且持续时间短。组分苗免疫小鼠抗腹腔攻击强毒布氏菌的保护力高于104M活苗组。     

通用型基因悬浮芯片检测生物恐怖细菌的方法研究

目的 建立快速、高通量的基因悬浮芯片检测方法,用于生物恐怖病原体的快速筛检.方法 选择保守的细菌16 S rDNA序列,并针对炭疽芽孢杆菌(Bacillus anthracis,B.a)、鼠疫耶尔森菌(Yersinia pestis,Y.p)、布鲁菌属(Brucella spp.,Bru)、土拉弗朗西斯菌(Francisella tularensis,F.t)和类鼻疽伯克霍尔德菌(Burkholderia pseudomallei,B.p)等5种生物恐怖细菌设计种(属)特异性探针,经16 S rDNA通用引物341A、519B扩增基因组DNA,用基因悬浮芯片方法进行检测,并对方法的灵敏度、特异度、重复性、检测能力进行验证.结果 经16 S rDNA通用引物扩增,特异性探针杂交检测,能将样本细菌鉴定到属水平,同属菌出现交叉反应;检出限分别为类鼻疽伯克霍尔德菌1.5 pg/μl,布鲁菌属20 ps/μl,炭疽芽孢杆菌7 pg/μl,土拉弗朗西斯菌0.1 pg/μl,鼠疫耶尔森菌1.1 pg/μl;15次重复检测各探针变异系数(CV)为5.18%～17.88%,具有较好的重复性;方法可正确检出模拟白色粉末样本中炭疽芽孢杆菌和鼠疫耶尔森菌.结论 建立了通用型基因悬浮芯片检测体系快速高通量筛查生物恐怖细菌的方法.     

Antibodies against Yersinia among farmers and slaughterhouse workers.

Antibodies to immunoglobulins (Ig) M, G, and A against Yersinia enterocolitica serotypes O:3, O:5, O:8, and O:9 and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis serotypes I and III were analyzed by enzyme immunoassay of the serum samples of 161 slaughterhouse workers, 147 pig farmers, and 114 grain or berry farmers. The crude risk ratios for elevated serum antibody concentrations were calculated with the use of the grain and berry farmers as the reference population. The risk for an elevated Y enterocolitica O:3 Ig G concentration was 3.0 (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.3-7.1) for the pig farmers and 1.8 (95% CI 0.7-4.4) for the slaughterhouse workers and the respective risks for elevated Y enterocolitica O:9 Ig G were 2.4 (95% CI 1.1-5.5) and 1.7 (95% CI 0.7-4.0). Since these two serotypes are commonly associated with swine, the increased number of subjects with elevated antibody levels could be causally related to occupational contact with this animal.     

Brucellosis: serological methods compared

At least 12 persons contracted clinical, and 4 persons subclinical Brucella melitensis infection during a brucellosis epidemic in the spring and summer of 1983 in Southern Germany, a region which had been free of this disease for the past 20 years. All cases of illness were traced to one infected herd of sheep. The presence of antibodies against B. melitensis was examined in 72 sera of infected patients using the following tests: agglutination, Coomb's test, two complement fixation tests with different antigen preparations (CFT 1 and 2), IgG and IgM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and opsonophagocytosis; and the occurrence of cross-reacting antibodies against Yersinia enterocolitica O 9 was investigated in the agglutination and complement fixation tests. Sera from 100 blood donors and 112 other people with close contact with sheep were also examined. The results revealed the need to consider an intermediate range in the interpretation of ELISA results--due to elevated values of persons in groups at risk but without clinical signs of illness. In all other tests, however, such persons revealed the same cut-off levels as the general population. Results from all initial sera of infected persons revealed titres of optical densities above the baseline levels determined in the present study, with the exception of the Coomb's and CFT2 tests. The agglutination test, but not brucella CFT2, revealed complete cross-reactivity between Y. enterocolitica O 9 and B. melitensis. ELISA stood out as the only test which is suited to diagnosis of both recent and past infection, since ELISA IgM determination permits conclusions about the time of the onset of illness, and determination of IgG may still yield values above the cut-off level up to 623 days after the onset of illness. In 2 of the 16 infected persons, IgG ELISA was the only test revealing previous infection 424 and 528 days after the onset of illness. A procedural scheme is presented which may help to simplify the diagnosis of brucellosis.     

Brucellosis: serological methods compared.

At least 12 persons contracted clinical, and 4 persons subclinical Brucella melitensis infection during a brucellosis epidemic in the spring and summer of 1983 in Southern Germany, a region which had been free of this disease for the past 20 years. All cases of illness were traced to one infected herd of sheep. The presence of antibodies against B. melitensis was examined in 72 sera of infected patients using the following tests: agglutination, Coomb''s test, two complement fixation tests with different antigen preparations (CFT 1 and 2), IgG and IgM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and opsonophagocytosis; and the occurrence of cross-reacting antibodies against Yersinia enterocolitica O 9 was investigated in the agglutination and complement fixation tests. Sera from 100 blood donors and 112 other people with close contact with sheep were also examined. The results revealed the need to consider an intermediate range in the interpretation of ELISA results--due to elevated values of persons in groups at risk but without clinical signs of illness. In all other tests, however, such persons revealed the same cut-off levels as the general population. Results from all initial sera of infected persons revealed titres of optical densities above the baseline levels determined in the present study, with the exception of the Coomb''s and CFT2 tests. The agglutination test, but not brucella CFT2, revealed complete cross-reactivity between Y. enterocolitica O 9 and B. melitensis. ELISA stood out as the only test which is suited to diagnosis of both recent and past infection, since ELISA IgM determination permits conclusions about the time of the onset of illness, and determination of IgG may still yield values above the cut-off level up to 623 days after the onset of illness. In 2 of the 16 infected persons, IgG ELISA was the only test revealing previous infection 424 and 528 days after the onset of illness. A procedural scheme is presented which may help to simplify the diagnosis of brucellosis.     

小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌不同温度下生长预测模型的初步研究

目的研究小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌(以下简称耶氏菌)O:3和O:9血清型在增菌液MTSB中关于温度的生长模型。方法用液体稀释法计细菌总量,并应用此模型来预测耶氏菌O:3和O:9血清型在有效的生长温度下的生长速率,世代时间,迟缓期及不同时间的生长菌数.并比较相同条件下耶氏菌O:3与O:9血清型之间生长速率的差异。结果耶氏菌O:3血清型的最低生长温度为-17·8℃,耶氏菌O:9血清型的最低生长温度为-10·3℃,在增菌液MTSB中的生长模型:耶氏菌O:3血清型为M=0·0134(T-255·1866),耶氏菌O:9血清型为M=0·0173(T-262·7457)。结论在4~30℃的温度范围内,它们的生长速率都随着温度的升高而增加,而在4℃到15·7℃之间时,耶氏菌O:3血清型的生长速率大于耶氏菌O:9血清型,在15·7~30℃之间时,则耶氏菌O:9血清型的生长速率大于耶氏菌O:3血清型。     

Application of the Microagglutination Test for Serologic Diagnosis of Human Brucellosis

ObjectivesBrucellosis is one of the most common zoonoses in the world, and occurs mainly in farmers, slaughterhouse workers, and veterinarians via direct or indirect contact with infected animals or their products. The clinical symptoms of human brucellosis are nonspecific, such as fever, headache, chills, and sweating. Diagnosis and treatment of brucellosis requires laboratory tests. Although the serum tube agglutination test (SAT) is the standardized gold method, it is laborious, time consuming, and requires a number of reagents. A microagglutination test (MAT) variant of the SAT or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is recommended for serological diagnoses. For the simple and rapid diagnosis of brucellosis, the MAT was standardized using samples for the SAT to define positive and negative categories, and we then compared the sensitivity and specificity of the MAT and ELISA.MethodsThirty SAT-positive sera and 60 SAT-negative sera were used in this study. Antibody titers of ≥1:160 were considered positive readings in both the SAT and MAT. Brucella abortus antigens and Brucella-positive control antiserum were used in the SAT and MAT. ELISAs of IgM and IgG were performed according to the manufacturers’ instructions.ResultsThe titers of the MAT differed according to antigen concentration. The optimal concentration of B abortus antigen was determined to compare the sensitivity and specificity between the MAT and SAT. The sensitivity and specificity of the MAT were 93.3% and 96.7%, respectively, for IgG with reference to ELISA, and 96.7% and 98.3%, respectively, for IgM.ConclusionsThe optimal concentration of antigen for the MAT was 1:10. The MAT is less time consuming and requires less antigen and serum than the SAT. The results of the MAT showed good agreement with those of ELISA. The results of this study suggest that the MAT could be useful for diagnosis of brucellosis.     

Immunological responses and protective efficacy against Brucella melitensis induced by bp26 and omp31 B. melitensis Rev.1 deletion mutants in sheep

The commonly used live attenuated vaccine in ovine brucellosis prophylaxis is Brucella melitensis Rev.1. This vaccine is known to induce antibody responses in vaccinated animals indistinguishable by the current conventional serological tests from those observed in challenged animals. Brucella BP26 and Omp31 proteins have shown an interesting potential as diagnostic antigens for ovine brucellosis. Accordingly, the bp26 gene and both bp26 and omp31 genes have been deleted from the vaccine strain Rev.1. Immunogenicity and vaccine efficacy of the parental Rev.1 strain and of both mutants in protecting sheep against B. melitensis strain H38 challenge was evaluated by clinical and bacteriological examination of ewes. They were conjunctivally or subcutaneously vaccinated when 4 months old and then challenged with B. melitensis H38 at the middle of the first pregnancy following vaccination. Deletion of bp26 and omp31 genes did not significantly affect the well recognised capacity of Rev.1 to protect sheep against B. melitensis challenge. However, the protection conferred by the CGV2631 mutant was significantly lower than that conferred by the CGV26 mutant or the Rev.1 strain. Vaccinated and challenged animals were detected positive in classical serological tests and in the IFN-gamma assay. A BP26-based ELISA was investigated to discriminate between ewes vaccinated by the mutants and ewes challenged with B. melitensis H38. The cut-off which was chosen in order to have 100% specificity resulted in a moderate sensitivity for the detection of challenged ewes. The use in the field of one of the mutants as vaccine against a B. melitensis infection, combined with classic diagnostic tests and a BP26 ELISA, could thus give an improvement in the differentiation between vaccinated and infected animals and contribute to the objective of eradication of brucellosis in small ruminants.