护理本科实习生一般自我效能感现状及其影响因素

目的了解护理本科实习生一般自我效能感现状及其影响因素。方法采用整群抽样的方法,使用一般自我效能感量表和影响因素问卷,对某医科大学护理学院本科实习生106名进行调查分析。结果本科实习生一般自我效能感总均分为(26.08±4.65)分,低于常模(t=-5.660,P<0.01);男生和女生一般自我效能感得分比较,差异无统计学意义(t=2.452,P>0.05);在不同级别医院实习的学生一般自我效能感差异无统计学意义(t=0.480,P>0.05)。不同性格、护理专业兴趣、受带教老师鼓励、就业压力的本科实习生自我效能感比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论护理本科实习生一般自我效能感水平不高,学生的一般自我效能感受性格、专业兴趣、带教老师的鼓励、就业压力等因素的影响。     

护理本科生班级心理氛围与专业认同、自我效能感的关系研究

目的调查护理本科生班级心理氛围现状,并分析班级心理氛围对专业认同和自我效能感的影响,为护理教育改革、提高护理本科生专业认同和自我效能感提供依据。方法采用大学生班级心理氛围评定量表、护理本科生专业认同及一般自我效能感量表,对190名护理本科生进行问卷调查。结果护理本科生班级心理氛围得分为(139.86±23.11)分,均值分为(3.33±0.55)分。其中协作氛围(3.78±0.73)和学习氛围(3.52±0.57)得分较高,而凝聚力氛围(2.98±0.53)得分最低。护理本科生的一般自我效能感得分为(25.26±5.04)分,专业认同总分为(97.74±8.55)分,处于中等水平。多元线性回归分析显示,护理本科生的班级心理氛围对专业认同和一般自我效能感间有正性影响。结论班级心理氛围处于中等水平,且对专业认同和自我效能感有正性影响。创建良好健康的班级心理氛围,可能有助于提高护理本科生专业认同和自我效能感。     

护理本科生临床实习阶段自我效能感的现状调查与分析

目的:了解护理本科生临床实习阶段的一般自我效能感现状。方法:使用自我效能量表,对某三级甲等综合医院的护理本科实习生进行问卷调查。结果:护理本科生临床实习阶段自我效能感处于中等偏上水平,但仍有部分学生自我效能感偏低。结论:分析造成所调查结果的原因,制定并改革实习阶段的教学对策与方法,以此提高学生的自我效能感。     

护理实习生自我导向学习能力与临床沟通能力关系研究

目的调查护理实习生自我导向学习能力和临床沟通能力现状,并分析自我导向学习能力对临床沟通能力的影响。方法采用自我导向学习评定量表和护理专业学生临床沟通能力测评量表,对462名护理实习生进行问卷调查。结果护理实习生自我导向学习能力得分为(223.82±29.03)分,其中55.4%(256/462)的实习生处于良好水平。临床沟通能力得分为(86.28±9.40)分,处于优秀和良好水平者占54.8%(253/462)。自我导向学习能力与临床沟通能力呈正相关(r=0.487,P0.01)。分层回归分析显示,自我导向学习能力能独立解释临床沟通能力总变异的25.1%(F=10.970,P0.001)。结论护理实习生的自我导向学习能力处于中等偏上水平,临床沟通能力处于中等水平,自我导向学习能力对临床沟通能力有正向预测作用。     

护理本科生自我效能感与临床能力的相关性分析

目的 调查护理本科生临床能力、自我效能感的现状,探讨两者之间的相关性,为临床教师帮助学生提高临床能力提供参考依据.方法 采用一般自我效能感量表及临床能力自评量表对在三级甲等医院实习的128名护理本科生进行问卷调查.结果 护理本科生自我效能感均分为(2.58± 0.85)分,临床能力均分为(4.16±0.53)分.护理本科生临床能力总分及各因子和自我效能感呈显著正相关.结论 了解护理本科生临床能力的现状及与自我效能感的关系,有助于临床带教教师有针对性的采取措施,从而提高学生总体临床能力.     

90后护士自我效能感与临床沟通能力的相关性研究

目的:调查90后护士自我效能感与临床沟通能力的现状,了解临床沟通能力的影响因素,分析自我效能与临床沟通能力的相关性。方法:采用方便抽样法,应用护士临床沟通能力量表和一般自我效能感问卷对天津市两所三甲医院的110名90后护士进行问卷调查。结果:90后护士一般自我效能感得分为(26.88±5.88)分,处于中等水平;90后护士临床沟通能力总均分为(4.21±0.83)分,不同工作时间、职称、家庭成员的90后护士临床沟通能力差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);一般自我效能感与临床沟通能力的基本语言沟通能力、基本非语言沟通能力、情感感知能力及困难情景沟通能力呈正相关(P0.05)。结论:90后护士自我效能处于中等水平,而临床沟通能力处于中等偏上水平,自我效能感与临床沟通能力具有相关性。护理管理者可以通过提高90后护士自我效能感来提升其临床沟通能力,并加强对90后护士临床沟通能力的培训。     

176名护理本科生临床实习满意度现状及其影响因素

目的 了解目前护理本科生临床实习满意度情况,并分析与其相关的影响因素.方法 采用方便抽样法,抽取天津市7家三级甲等教学医院的176名本科护理实习生为调查对象,临床实习满意度现状采用自行设计的问卷进行调查,影响因素采用临床实习环境授权问卷、专业护理实践环境问卷、一般自我效能感量表分别进行测量.以护理本科生临床实习满意度平均得分为因变量,一般自我效能感、结构性授权和专业护理实戏环境的各因素为自变量,建立多元回归模型.结果 学生临床实习满意度得分为(2.812±0.354)分.一般自我效能感,专业护理实践环境因素中的高质量护理的基础、充足的资源配置及护士长的能力、领导方式和对护理人员的支持,以及结构性授权因素中机会权力、支持权力6个变量进入回归模型,解释护理本科生临床实习满意度总变异的67.0%.结论 护理本科生对临床实习的满意度还有待提高.一般自我效能感、高质量护理的基础、机会权力、支持权力、充足的资源配置,以及护士长的能力、领导方式和对护理人员的支持是护理本科生临床实习满意度的重要影响因素.     

护理本科实习生职业决策自我效能及专业典范对职业认同的影响

目的探讨护理本科实习生职业决策自我效能及专业典范对职业认同的影响。方法采取方便抽样法,于2019年12月选取辽宁省某三级甲等综合医院实习的144名护理本科实习生为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表、护生职业认同问卷、大学生职业决策自我效能量表和护生专业典范量表对其进行调查。采用两独立样本t检验,单因素方差分析、Pearson相关分析、多重线性回归分析进行统计学分析。本研究共发放144份问卷,回收有效问卷144份,有效回收率为100%。结果144名护理本科实习生职业认同问卷总分为(60.82±10.86)分,职业决策自我效能量表总分为(138.85±22.53)分,专业典范量表总分为(76.56±12.31)分。单因素分析显示,在校期间是否获得过奖学金、就业意向是护理本科实习生职业认同的影响因素(t=2.540,F=8.129;P<0.05)。护理本科实习生职业决策自我效能量表、专业典范量表总分及各维度得分均与护生职业认同量表总分呈正相关(r值为0.446~0.623,P<0.01)。多重线性回归分析结果显示,就业意向、制定规划及专业典范进入回归方程,可解释职业认同46.7%的变异。结论护理本科实习生的职业认同处于中等水平,仍有待提高。高校和实习医院可通过针对性的措施引导护生制定职业规划,通过提高临床老师的专业典范作用来提高护理本科实习生的职业认同。     

效能团体辅导对护理本科生临床实习效果的影响研究

目的评价效能团体辅导对护理本科生一般自我效能感及临床实习效果的影响。方法选取在某三级甲等医院呼吸科实习的37名护理本科实习生作为研究对象,试验组18名,对照组19名。对试验组进行5次"我自信,我成长"团体辅导。采用临床实习效果问卷和一般自我效能感量表对两组学生进行测评。结果试验组实习生一般自我效能感得分、临床实习总效果及理论知识和动作技能维度的得分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论效能团体辅导可提高实习生的自信心及其临床实习效果。     

护理本科生实习早期一般自我效能感与感知应激的相关性研究

目的调查护理本科生实习早期一般自我效能感与感知应激水平现状,并探讨两者的相关性。方法采用一般自我效能感量表及感知应激量表,对两所高校2012级的188名护理本科生进行调查。结果护理本科生实习早期感知应激总分为(55.47±14.31)分,一般自我效能感得分为(24.23±5.13)分,护理本科生实习早期感知应激与一般自我效能感呈负相关(r=-0.285,P<0.01)。结论护理教育者应结合学生自身特点制订切实可行的教学计划,提高学生实习早期一般自我效能感,减轻临床实习压力。     

Rofecoxib: clinical pharmacology and clinical experience

BACKGROUND: Rofecoxib is a member of a subgroup of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) known as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-selective inhibitors. It has been studied in adult and elderly patients in a number of painful conditions (primary dysmenorrhea, acute pain after dental and orthopedic surgery, osteoarthritis [OA], and rheumatoid arthritis). OBJECTIVE: This review discusses the clinical pharmacology of and clinical experience with rofecoxib, and the role of COX-2-selective inhibitors in clinical practice. METHODS: Pertinent studies were identified through searches of MEDLINE and EMBASE, as well as the Web sites and proceedings of relevant scientific meetings. RESULTS: Although the published literature is limited, the data indicate that rofecoxib is an effective analgesic agent for the painful conditions in which it has been studied. As a COX-2-selective inhibitor, rofecoxib offers safety advantages over traditional NSAIDs. In clinical trials, gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity, including mucosal damage, perforation, ulcers, and bleeding, occurred significantly less often in healthy volunteers and patients treated with rofecoxib than in those who received NSAIDs such as ibuprofen, naproxen, or diclofenac (all comparisons, P < 0.001). In terms of renal toxicity, rofecoxib does not appear to offer a safety advantage over traditional NSAIDs. Rofecoxib has not been shown to affect platelets (bleeding time and platelet aggregation), unlike traditional NSAIDs. CONCLUSIONS: Rofecoxib is an appropriate choice for patients who do not obtain adequate analgesia with acetaminophen and those who have not obtained adequate analgesia from, cannot tolerate, or are at risk for GI toxicity with traditional NSAIDs. Patients who require chronic analgesic medication (ie, those with OA), including those who take other medications daily for comorbid conditions, may also benefit from the once-daily dosing regimen of rofecoxib.     

Enhancing clinical effectiveness among clinical nurse specialists

This article describes the findings of an exploratory study which aimed to discover how clinically effective nursing care is fostered among clinical nurse specialists (CNSs) and nurse practitioners (NPs) in an NHS trust in East London. The study was funded by the Central and East London Education Consortium in January 1999. Qualitative approaches included non-participant observation of practice, interviews during observaton and focus group meetings, Findings from the research identify areas that both foster and hinder the ability of the CNSs and NPs to engage in and provide clinically effective nursing care.     

The clinical imperative in clinical nursing research.

Conducting preliminary clinical fieldwork to update clinical knowledge in preparation to plan and perform relevant, meaningful, credible and feasible clinical research is imperative. Clinical nurse investigators cannot generate relevant questions to study a current phenomenon with which they are not experienced. The nurse researcher's early involvement in the clinical world of health care as a prerequisite of proposal development not only contributes to the design of a study that has rigor and significance, but it also augments his or her competence and commitment to the improvement of patient outcomes.     

Laboratory clinical effectiveness: pathologists improving clinical outcomes

This article calls on pathologists to take a larger role in improving the performance of the American health care system. To improve outcomes for populations and individuals require that pathologists increase their activities outside of the traditional laboratory in interdisciplinary collaborations, outcomes research, health care systems development, and clinical care.     

Adherence in clinical trials and in clinical practice

The degree of patient adherence is increasingly recognized to be a key factor in the success of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). HAART regimens are also among the most complex ever prescribed and low adherence is directly related to treatment complexity. Physicians prescribing HAART need to make adherence a priority both in clinical practice and in the design and interpretation of clinical trials if HAART really is to succeed in the long term.     

Antiplatelet therapy from clinical trials to clinical practice

A platelet-rich clot at the site of severe coronary stenosis, plaque erosion, or a recent plaque rupture is the common etiology of acute ischemic syndromes. Thus, antiplatelet therapy is the cornerstone in the management of these conditions. Aspirin in a dose ranging from 160 to 325 mg once daily should be administered to virtually all patients. In patients with severe disease, particularly those who have no acute angiography, clopidogrel (Plavix, Bristol-Myers Squibb/Sanofi Pharmaceuticals) in a dose of 75 mg once daily should add to the benefit of aspirin for up to a year after the event. Clopidogrel also is an alternative to aspirin where a true aspirin allergy exists. Intravenous platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors demonstrated a robust benefit when used in conjunction with coronary intervention and thus far have no role in medical therapy alone. Oral platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors are of no clinical value.