3岁儿童社会生活能力影响因素调查研究

目的 了解北京市3岁儿童社会生活能力现状及影响因素.方法 采用自拟"儿童一般情况调查表"及"婴儿-初中生社会生活能力量表"进行问卷调查,采用logistic逐步回归分析对3岁儿童社会生活能力影响因素进行分析.结果 多因素logistic逐渐回归分析显示:影响3岁儿童社会生活能力发展的因素主要和母亲文化程度、主要抚养人、喂养方式及对早期教育是否了解有关系.结论 母亲文化程度、主要抚养人、喂养方式对3岁儿童社会生活能力的形成和发展起重要作用.     

3岁儿童社会生活能力影响因素调查研究

目的 了解北京市3岁儿童社会生活能力现状及影响因素.方法 采用自拟"儿童一般情况调查表"及"婴儿-初中生社会生活能力量表"进行问卷调查,采用logistic逐步回归分析对3岁儿童社会生活能力影响因素进行分析.结果 多因素logistic逐渐回归分析显示:影响3岁儿童社会生活能力发展的因素主要和母亲文化程度、主要抚养人、喂养方式及对早期教育是否了解有关系.结论 母亲文化程度、主要抚养人、喂养方式对3岁儿童社会生活能力的形成和发展起重要作用.     

187名学龄前儿童智力水平及其影响因素分析

目的 探索影响学龄前儿童智力的因素.方法 采用修订的《希-内学习能力测验》对山西省军区幼儿园187名学龄前儿童进行智力测验,同时由家长填写自行设计的儿童一般情况调查表.结果 儿童智商基本呈正态分布,＜4.5岁的学龄期女童智商水平高于男童（P＜0.05）,而＞4.5岁的学龄前儿童其智商水平则无性别差异（P＞0.05）;学龄前男女儿童智商水平有随年龄增长而增高的趋势（P＜0.001）.教师及科技人员的子女智商较高.影响学龄前儿童智力的因素有：年龄、性别、父母的文化程度、父母的职业.经多因素分析,父亲职业和母亲文化程度进入回归模型,可见父亲职业和母亲文化程度是影响儿童智商水平的重要因素.结论 父亲职业和母亲文化程度在一定程度上反应出家长的文化素质.努力提高家长的文化素质对儿童智力水平的提高具有重要意义.     

学龄前儿童龋病相关因素分析

目的 探讨学龄前儿童龋病患病情况与其相关因素.方法 选取我市3所幼儿园的400名学龄前儿童进行调查,用x2检验筛选出龋病患儿的相关因素,建立logistic回归模型进行分析.结果 本组龋病患病率为42.25%;年龄、刷牙次数/d、餐后漱口、睡前吃零食、母亲文化程度以及喂养情况6个因素与儿童龋病具有一定的相关性(P＜0.05);logistic回归分析提示年龄、刷牙次数/日、餐后漱口、睡前吃零食、母亲文化程度以及喂养情况6个因素与儿童龋病密切相关.结论 加强对家长及儿童口腔卫生保健知识的指导,宣传科学的饮食方式可有效的预防儿童龋病.     

203名学龄前儿童智商及其影响因素的调查分析

采用韦克斯勒学龄前智能量表（ＷＰＰＳＩ）对２０３名学龄前儿童进行了智力测验，并对影响智力的因素作了调查。结果表明，其智商分布基本呈集中对称分布，学龄前儿童在智力水平上无性别差异，且无论男女都是言语ＩＱ高于操作ＩＱ。影响学龄前儿童智力发展的主要因素是父母文化程度，母亲职业和母亲生育年龄等。     

影响流动儿童卫生保健服务利用的因素分析

目的探讨影响流动儿童卫生保健服务利用的因素,进一步制定有效的干预措施。方法对4个城市3152名流动儿童卫生保健服务利用影响因素进行单因素分析和多因素logistic分析。结果父母文化程度不同、家庭收入水平不同的流动儿童,其系统保健建卡率间差别均有显著性意义(P<0.01);父母文化程度不同、家庭收入水平不同的流动儿童,其预防接种建卡率间差别均有显著性意义(P<0.01);母亲年龄与母亲工作状态不同的流动儿童,其“四苗”接种率间差别均有显著性意义(P<0.01)。结论影响流动儿童系统保健服务的因素是父母的文化程度、家庭收入水平、母亲的工作状态与母亲的年龄,影响流动儿童预防接种建卡的主要因素是父母的文化程度与家庭收入水平,影响“四苗”接种率的主要因素是母亲的年龄与母亲的工作状态。为提高流动儿童卫生保健服务的利用率,应加强流动人口家庭儿童保健与计划免疫意识,降低接受儿童健康体检与系统保健管理的费用,吸引流动儿童接受儿童系统保健服务,将流动儿童纳入流入地儿童健康管理范围。     

学龄前儿童智商及其影响因素的调查分析

目的：对幼儿园学龄前儿童进行智力测验，并对影响智力的因素进行分析。方法：用《中国比内测验》对幼儿园学龄前儿童进行了智力测验，并对ＩＱ用ＳＰＳＳ统计分析软件进行单因素与多因素分析。结果：儿童智商基本呈正态分布，学龄前儿童在智力水平上无性别差异，教师及科技人员子女智商较高。经多元Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归模型分析发现影响学龄前儿童智力发展的主要因素是父母文化程度、入幼儿园的时间长短、母亲的年龄和母亲生育年龄。结论：儿童的生长与教育环境对其智力的发育起着重要的作用     

学龄前儿童智商及其影响因素的调查分析

本文采用韦克斯勒学龄前智能量表（ＷＰＰＳＩ）对２０３名学龄前儿重进行了智力测验，并对影响智力的因素作了调查。结果表明，其智商分布基本呈集中对称分布，学龄前儿童在智力水平上无性别差异，且无论男女都是言语ＩＱ高于操作ＩＱ。影响学龄前儿童智力发展的主要因素是父母文化程度，母亲职业和母亲生育年龄等。     

乌鲁木齐市水磨沟区汉族学龄前儿童入学能力及影响因素分析

目的了解乌鲁木齐市水磨沟区汉族学龄前儿童入学能力现况及影响因素。方法采用整群分层抽样的方法选取乌鲁木齐市水磨沟区汉族5.5~7岁的学龄前儿童共400名,采用"学龄前儿童入学能力50项筛查"工具对儿童进行测试,同时由测试儿童家长填写父母问卷调查表。结果 (1)水磨沟区汉族学龄前儿童入学能力分布呈右偏态分布;(2)5.5~6岁组儿童观察能力、记忆能力、思维能力低于其他组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(3)影响儿童智能发育的因素为早教得分、母亲文化程度、是否独生子、父亲职业、母亲孕龄及缺血缺氧性脑病。结论应重视加强学龄前儿童早期家庭教育,逐步提高父母的文化素养,以提升孩子的学习能力。     

海岛城乡学龄前儿童适应行为及影响因素

目的 了解舟山海岛城乡学龄前儿童适应行为的现况及影响因素。方法 采用儿童适应行为评定量表(CABS)，调查舟山市城市与农村3～6岁的学龄前儿童共1022名，并采用自拟的学龄期儿童适应行为影响因素问卷对其父母进行调查。结果 城乡学龄前儿童其适应能力商数(ADQ)分级的构成比有显著性差异，ADQ分级：强者、边界和平常者，城区与农村间差异有显著性意义(P＜0．01)。城区学龄前儿童其适应行为量表的各分量表：生活自理、语言发展、个人取向、社会责任、时空定向、经济活动和独立功能因子、认知功能因子、社会／自制因子及ADQ与农村学龄前儿童间差异有显著性意义(P＜0.001)。学龄前儿童的ADQ的主要影响因素，城市组依次为母孕期情况、父母婚姻关系、幼儿期疾病、亲子交流、父母教育方式、是否寄养、父母亲的职业；农村组依次为幼儿期疾病、父母离异、母亲文化程度、亲子关系。结论 海岛地区城市学龄前儿童适应能力比农村儿童强。学龄前儿童适应行为发展水平受多种因素影响，应采取综合措施进行相对性干预。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.