胎儿颅脑主要结构MRI信号的生理意义

为探讨胎儿颅脑内部主要结构ＭＲＩ信号变化的生理意义。本文对４４例孕妇进行ＭＲ成像，分析其正常胎儿颅脑主要结构的信号变化。结果示：胎儿的大脑（基底核除外）、小脑实质在Ｔ１加权上为略低信号，在质子密度加权上为等信号，在Ｔ２加权上为高信号。脑干、基底核（节）在Ｔ１加权上，孕２９周前呈略低信号，孕２９周后呈等信号；在质子密度加权及Ｔ２加权上其信号同大脑、小脑实质信号。脑室信号在ＳＥ序列的所有加权上均呈低信号     

正常胎脑髓鞘发育状况的MRI研究

目的：探讨胎脑髓鞘的生长发育状况。材料与方法：采用超导０．３５Ｔ磁共振成像仪，对４４例孕妇进行ＭＲ成像，分析其正常胎脑主要结构的信号变化。结果：胎儿的大脑（基底节除外）、小脑实质在Ｔ１加权像上为略低信号，在质子密度加权像上为等信号，在Ｔ２加权像上为高信号。孕２９周前脑干、基底节在Ｔ１加权像上呈略低信号，孕２９周后呈等信号；在质子密度加权像及Ｔ２加权像上其信号同大脑、小脑实质信号。结论：脑干、基底节的髓鞘在孕２９周后形成；其形成过程由脑干开始至基底节；而在胎儿期，大脑（基底节除外）、小脑实质内髓鞘尚未形成     

磁共振成像对胎儿肝脏生长发育状况的研究

目的：探讨宫内胎儿肝脏的生长发育状况。方法：采用超导０．３５Ｔ磁共振成像仪，观察妊娠中、晚期孕妇中４２例正常胎儿肝脏的形态结构、信号变化。结果：胎肝的形态、大小以及肝内的门静脉、肝静脉等有不同程度的显示。在Ｔ１加权上，孕３２周前，胎儿肝脏的信号呈不均匀的高信号；在孕３２周后，胎儿肝脏的信号呈均匀一致的中等信号。在质子密度加权及Ｔ２加权上，胎儿肝脏的信号呈等信号，和孕周无关。结论：磁共振成像（ＭＲＩ     

磁共振成像对胎儿肝脏生长发育状况的研究

目的：探讨宫内胎儿肝脏的生长发育状况。方法：采用超导０．３５Ｔ磁共振成像仪，观察妊娠中、晚期孕妇中４２例正常胎儿肝脏的形态结构、信号变化。结果：胎肝的形态、大小以及肝内的门静脉、肝静脉等有不同程度的显示。在Ｔ１加权上，孕３２周前，胎儿肝脏的信号呈不均匀的高信号；在孕３２周后，胎儿肝脏的信号呈均匀一致的中等信号。在质子密度加权及Ｔ２加权上，胎儿肝脏的信号呈等信号，和孕周无关。结论：磁共振成像（ＭＲＩ）对胎肝生长发育状态的研究有重要价值     

常见几种肝脏占位病变磁共振成像诊断

目的：为研究几种肝脏病变的磁共振成像（ＭＲＩ）影像特点，提高对肝脏占位病变的认识和诊断。方法：收集８４例经临床证实的肝脏病变病人的ＭＲＩ检查资料，进行回顾性分析。结果：８４例肝脏占位病变的主要ＭＲＩ表现，在Ｔ１加权图像上，大多表现为略低信号，在Ｔ２加权图像上，恶性病变５６例，表现为混杂增高信号，良性病变２８例，信号均匀增高，血管瘤质子密度像即呈高信号。结论：ＭＲＩ检查对于肝占位病变的定位和定性有特     

后循环缺血性脑卒中的经颅多普勒脑血流速度测定

目的：经颅多普勒（ＴＣＤ）测定脑干、小脑梗塞与椎基底动脉供血不足患者的脑血流速度的改变，与磁共振成像（ＭＲＩ）进行对比。方法：对６６例临床诊断为后循环缺血性脑卒中患者进行ＭＲＩ和ＴＣＤ检查。将ＭＲＩ显示脑干、小脑有梗塞灶的３６例定为梗塞组；ＭＲＩ未见异常的３０例为椎基底动脉供血不足组（ＶＢＩ）；正常对照组３０例。结果：梗塞组３６例以脑桥梗塞最多见，ＴＣＤ示梗塞组、ＶＢＩ组的血流速度异常率分别为９１６％和６３３％，２组血流速度值与对照组比较均存在显著性差异（Ｐ＜００１）。结论：ＴＣＤ对脑血流动力学的研究有重要应用价值，特别是对于脑ＣＴ、ＭＲＩ等影像学结构改变以前的临床下患者，预防脑梗塞的发生有重要意义。     

多发性硬化临床与MR136例分析

目的：探讨多发性硬化（ＭＳ）临床特点与ＭＲＩ（磁共振成像）异常信号的诊断意义和相对应的关系。方法：全部符合ＭＳ的临床诊断标准并进行ＭＲＩ检查同样诊断ＭＳ的病人，结果：ＭＳ同时累及一个或多个不同部位，本组病例累及侧脑室周围及大脑半球２３例、脑干４例、小脑９例、海马部３例、脊髓１０例、视神经９例。结论：ＭＲＩ定位准确，诊断准确，凡是临床特点符合ＭＳ均可作ＭＲＩ检查，为临床诊断治疗提供重要信息。     

颅内脑膜瘤的MR影像特点

分析６７例颅内脑膜瘤的信号变化，发现７０％的脑膜瘤其信号变化和脑灰质信号变化同步，１９．４％的脑膜瘤信号随着回波时间的延长而升高，１０．４％的脑膜瘤信号在Ｔ２加权为混杂信号。同时，得出磁共振成像（ＭＲＩ）对脑膜瘤的正确诊断率达９２．５％，脑膜瘤被ＭＲＩ误诊为其它肿瘤的为７．５％，其它肿瘤被ＭＲＩ误诊为脑膜瘤的为４．６％，并探讨了ＭＲＩ的误诊原因及误诊病变的好发部位。     

肌肉损伤磁共振成像的病理基础研究

目的：探讨肌肉损伤后磁共振成像（ＭＲＩ）的信号变化与病理改变之间的关系。方法采用１４只灰兔建立肌肉损伤的动物模型，损伤后即刻、１、３、５、７、１０、１４、１８、２２、２６、３２、３８、４４天分别行ＭＲＩ检查，损伤后即刻、１、３、５、７、１４、２１、３５天分别处死１只兔子并进行光镜和电镜。结果ＭＲＩ表现，肌肉损伤后即刻加权像（Ｔ１ＷＩ）表现为大片境界模糊稍高信号影响，７天信号强度达到高峰，但境界清楚     

颅内先天性表皮样囊肿的MRI诊断

为了探讨ＭＲＩ对颅内表皮样囊肿的诊断价值，观察了２０例经手术和病理证实的颅内先天性表皮样囊肿的ＭＲＩ表现，其中１２例有ＣＴ对照。Ｔ１加权像（Ｔ１ＷＩ）１８例呈低信号，其信号强度介于脑脊液和脑皮质之间，另２例呈明显高信号。Ｔ２加权像（Ｔ２ＷＩ）均呈高信号，但普遍有信号不均匀现象。１２例有ＣＴ者均呈低密度。颅内先天性表皮样囊肿好发于桥脑小脑角，有在中线生长的趋势，并常沿脑裂隙及脑池生长。ＭＲＩ显示病变范围优于ＣＴ，但对钙化的显示ＣＴ优于ＭＲＩ。结果提示：ＭＲＩ对颅内表皮样囊肿能作出定性诊断。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.