药食同源植物鱼腥草研究现状

通过文献查阅,从鱼腥草的分布情况、品种和栽培技术、化学成分、药理和临床应用及开发利用等方面总结了鱼腥草的研究现状,并对鱼腥草今后研究和发展方向进行了展望。鱼腥草疗效确切,药食同源利用价值高,应进一步加强鱼腥草的基础研究,深入开展鱼腥草药理及临床应用研究,在临床上开发出更多鱼腥草优质新产品。     

鲜鱼腥草挥发油在小鼠血中移行成分的初步研究

目的研究鲜鱼腥草挥发油小鼠给药后血中的移行成分。方法建立鲜鱼腥草挥发油小鼠给药后血中移行成分GC-MS分析方法;比较空白血浆、含药血浆和挥发油的成分异同,确定灌服鱼腥草挥发油小鼠血中移行成分。结果鱼腥草挥发油给药前后化学成分的种类及其相对含量均发生了变化,从灌胃给药的小鼠血中发现了11个入血成分,均为鱼腥草挥发油的原型成分。结论初步阐明鱼腥草挥发油灌胃后进入小鼠体内血液中的成分,推测血中移行成分可能为鱼腥草挥发油的体内直接作用物质基础。     

HPLC法测定新鱼腥草素钠注射液的含量

新鱼腥草素钠(sodium new houttuyfonte)的化学名为十二酰乙醛亚硫酸氢钠,为天然鱼腥草的有效成分鱼腥草素(葵酰乙醛)同系列的亚硫酸氢钠加成物[1].我国现行的标准中采用重量法进行新鱼腥草素钠注射液的含量测定[WS-10001-(HD-0391)-2002][2].本研究建立了测定新鱼腥草素钠含量的液相色谱条件,适用于新鱼腥草素钠注射液的质量控制.     

鱼腥草治疗肺系疾病概述

鱼腥草为三白草科蕺菜属植物蕺菜的全草,因其茎叶搓碎后有鱼腥味,故名鱼腥草.鱼腥草味辛,性微寒,归肺经,始载于<名医别录>.鱼腥草具有清热解毒、消痈排脓、利尿通淋的功效.主治肺痈吐脓、痰热喘咳、热痢、热淋、痈肿疮毒.近年来人们对鱼腥草进行了广泛深入的研究,其临床应用范围不断扩大,本文就鱼腥草治疗肺系疾病概述如下.     

人工栽培和黔产野生鱼腥草中挥发油成分的研究

对人工栽培鱼腥草和野生鱼腥草的挥发油进行化学成分研究。用水蒸汽蒸馏法提取挥发油，以气－质联用对化学组分进行分离和鉴定，并测定其百分含量。鉴定了人工栽培鱼腥草挥发油中４２个成分，野生鱼腥草挥发油中３４个成分。结果表明，具抗菌作用的癸酰乙醛，甲基壬正酮等在人工栽培鱼腥草挥发油中的含量高于野生鱼腥草挥发油中的含量。     

穗产人工栽培鱼腥草挥发油化学成分研究

目的：研究穗产人工栽培鱼腥草挥发油化学成分。方法：采用GC-MS-DS法,对穗产人工栽培鱼腥草挥发油化学成分进行研究。结果：从鱼腥草挥发油中分离并鉴定出23种化学成分、结论：穗产人工栽培鱼腥草的挥发油与其他产地鱼腥草挥发油成分有明显区别,但各产地的鱼腥草的主要有效成分的总含量基本一致。     

呜呼！鱼腥草

今年6月1日，国家药监局发布通告，暂停使用审批7类鱼腥草注射液。据监测，这些药剂多引起过敏性休克、呼吸困难等严重不良反应，甚至死亡。促使这一通告发布的直接原因，是今年以来国家药品不良反应监测中心不断收到鱼腥草注射液严重不良反应的报告。尤其是5月22日广州某年轻艺术家因静脉滴注鱼腥草而猝死，5月27日武汉某女孩也因点滴鱼腥草而致死，终使国家紧急叫停鱼腥草注射液。对此，有关报纸以长文《“鱼腥草”点出中药标准化难题》作了报道。文中指出：鱼腥草注射液由中药鱼腥草提取制成，从上世纪70年代就已开始生产，具有抗病毒、…     

新鱼腥草素钠β-CD包合物的研究

目的研究新鱼腥草素钠β-CD包合物的制备方法及其水溶性和稳定性。方法采用研磨法制备新鱼腥草素钠β-CD包合物,以紫外分光光度法进行定性鉴别和含量测定。结果以新鱼腥草素钠和β-CD包合物的主客分子比为1:1包合后,新鱼腥草素钠的溶解度为183.2 mg/100 mL水,增大了12.5倍,新鱼腥草素钠在包合前后的紫外吸收光谱一致。结论新鱼腥草素钠经-βCD包合物后,可掩盖其不良气味,并有可能开发成新剂型。     

鱼腥草植株间总蛋白量差异性研究

目的提取分离同一产地同一批次的53株鲜鱼腥草的总蛋白并检测其含量,根据植株间总蛋白的含量差异对比分析。方法采用三氯乙酸-丙酮沉淀法提取各植株鲜鱼腥草总蛋白,用Ramagli改进的Bradford法测定其总浓度。结果此法提取所得鱼腥草各植株总蛋白的含量为1.766%-2.334%,RSD为13.74%;结论此53株新鲜鱼腥草的总蛋白含量呈现较大的波动性,在总含量上显示了丰富的多样性,这为进一步展开鱼腥草中蛋白质及酶的种类及功能的多样性研究奠定了基础,鱼腥草中蛋白质多样性对其质量及稳定性的影响值得进一步研究探讨。     

鲜品和干品鱼腥草中鱼腥草素化学成分研究

目的:对鲜品和干品鱼腥草中鱼腥草素化学成分进行研究.方法:用乙醚分别提取鲜品和下品鱼腥草,采用快速硅胶柱进行色谱分离,经TLC、MS鉴定化合物.结果:从中分离得到癸酰乙醛(鱼腥草素)和甲基正酮.结论:鱼腥草素不稳定,易于转化为甲基正酮.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.