13110例围产儿出生缺陷回顾性分析

目的:探讨围产儿出生缺陷发生规律和干预措施,预防和减少出生缺陷的发生.方法:收集13110例准入病例,对出生缺陷的发生率、种类、影响因素及变化趋势进行统计学分析.结果:10年间我院出生缺陷儿的发生率为23.04‰,2006年发生率最高为34.97‰,除2009年,其余各年份我院出生缺陷率均高于全省及全国水平;胎儿性别间出生缺陷率差异无统计学意义;农村出生缺陷率高于城市,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).监测出生缺陷中最常见为神经管畸形.结论:出生缺陷疾病已逐渐成为长治地区围产儿致残及至死的主要原因,加强三级预防,提高孕产妇监测质量,做好孕前检查及产前诊断,降低新生儿出生缺陷的发生,势在必行.     

基于医院监测的2016至2020年四川省出生缺陷发生情况分析

目的 为了获得准确、可靠并能反映四川省水平的出生缺陷资料，为制定出生缺陷的预防措施以及评价其效果提供依据。方法 基于四川省出生缺陷医院监测网络，分析2016至2020年在监测医院住院分娩的围产儿情况，数据运用SPSS22.0软件进行相关统计、动态比较分析，计数资料的比较采用卡方检验。结果 2016至2020年围产儿数为788430例，出生缺陷总发生率为137.82/万。城市、男性出生缺陷发生率均分别高于农村、女性出生缺陷发生率，高龄(>35岁)和低龄(<20岁)更容易发生出生缺陷，差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。先天性心脏病已成为第一位出生缺陷发生率疾病。结论 四川省实施的婚检、孕优、增补叶酸项目对于降低出生缺陷发生切实有效，实施出生缺陷防治人才培训项目有效助力基层地区出生缺陷防治能力，开展孕产妇妊娠风险筛查和评估，落实出生缺陷易发高危人群的管理，制定出生缺陷评估工作方案首次建议将包括先心病在内的重大疾病纳入政府民生项目。     

2010—2013 年陕西省出生缺陷空间分布及空间聚集性

目的：探讨2010至2013年陕西省出生缺陷的空间分布特征及空间聚集性。方法：对陕西省各调查县出生缺 陷发生数据进行空间分布描述，利用普通克里格法对陕西省出生缺陷发生状况进行建模预测，运用空间自相关方法 对陕西省县(市、区)级层面数据进行空间统计分析。结果：陕西省胎、婴儿出生缺陷发生率为219.196/万；空间插值 预测图显示陕西省出生缺陷的分布具有明显的地理分布特征；全局空间自相关分析结果显示陕西省出生缺陷发生存 在空间聚集现象，局部空间自相关分析显示彬县、淳化县、扶风县、泾阳县、礼泉县、乾县、武功县、兴平市、永 寿县为出生缺陷发生的“正热点”地区，佳县、米脂县、清涧县、绥德县、吴堡县、榆阳区、子洲区为出生缺陷发 生的“负热点”地区。结论：2010至2013年陕西省出生缺陷发生存在明显的空间聚集性，通过空间插值预测与空间 自相关可以直观地反映出出生缺陷发生的全省状况，为进一步进行干预提供参考。     

2000~2015年广西出生缺陷综合防控效果分析

目的 对2000~2015年广西出生缺陷防控有关的指标进行分析,为政府部门制定出生缺陷干预措施提供参考依据.方法 收集2000~2015年广西出生缺陷一级、二级预防策略的相关统计资料,对广西出生缺陷防控中的婚前医学检查、增补叶酸、地中海贫血防控、出生缺陷发生情况等资料进行分析.结果 (1)婚检率:2000~2015年婚检率为50.67%,2004~2009年婚检率为6.09%,2010~2015年免费婚检率为91.67%,2010~2015年免费婚检率是2004~2009年婚检率的15.06倍.2000~2015年婚检检出疾病524 416例,以生殖系统(3.35%)和内科系统疾病(2.69%)为主.(2)叶酸服用:2010~2015年叶酸服用人数4 180 564人,2010年叶酸服用率为64.22%,2015年97.58%,增幅为51.95%;2010年叶酸服用依从率为39.66%,2015年提高至93.20%,增幅为135.00%;2010年群众对服用叶酸的知晓率为90.58%,2015年提高至97.48%,增幅为7.62%.(3)产前筛查、诊断:产前筛查率和产前诊断率逐年提高,2003年产前筛查率为9.61%,产前诊断率为0.40%,2010~2015年分别提高到56.83%、20.25%,分别是2003年、2004~2009年的5.91倍、2.91倍和50.63倍、11.57倍.(4)地贫筛查:2010~2015年进行地中海贫血筛查9 794 546人,完成基因诊断478 243人;查出中间型和重型地贫胎儿8 048例.(5)出生缺陷:2000~2015年出生缺陷发生率为121.46/万,发生率呈由高至低的变化趋势,最常见的出生缺陷是先天性心脏病和胎儿水肿综合征.结论 政策的出台对出生缺陷防控效果有影响,从2010年起全面落实以一级、二级预防为主的出生缺陷综合防控策略后,产前筛查率和产前诊断率逐年提高,出生缺陷发生率逐年下降.     

鞍山市2009年围产儿出生缺陷监测分析

目的 通过对围产儿出生缺陷的监测,了解我市出生缺陷的发生和干预措施.方法 对我市2009年的监测资料进行统计分析.结果 鞍山市出生缺陷发生率略低于全省水平,与2007、2008年相比有所上升.结论 鞍山市农村出生缺陷发生率高于城市,继续在农村广泛使用小剂量叶酸,加强农村的唐氏筛查和孕中期B超筛查工作,提高产前诊断水平.     

出生缺陷情况分析

1 目前我省出生缺陷发生情况 (1)出生缺陷监测发生率:根据全省妇幼卫生出生缺陷 监测资料,2002年全省出生缺陷监测发生率为82．5/万,城 市是81．0/万,农村是84．4/万,比全国的110/万低27．5/万。 1990-2001年全省出生缺陷总体处于缓慢下降态势,2002年 的出生缺陷发生率较前几年有一定升高,其主要原因是监测 质量的提高。     

2008年～2010年钦州市钦北区出生缺陷监测结果分析

目的:了解钦北区2008年~2010年围产儿出生缺陷发生状况,探讨干预措施。方法:对2008年~2010年在钦北区所辖县、镇所有接产医院产科孕满28周~产后7 d内的围产儿36 771例进行出生缺陷及相关因素的监测。结果:3年来围产儿出生缺陷率为68.80/万,低于全国水平(137.41/万),男性出生缺陷发生率80.17/万,女性出生缺陷发生率57.19/万,男性高于女性。出生缺陷前10位依次为多指/趾、胎儿水肿综合征、马蹄内翻足、唇腭裂、尿道下裂、唇裂、肢体短缩、神经管缺陷、直肠肛门闭锁、先天性心脏病,出生缺陷围产儿死亡率为260.87‰。结论:加强出生缺陷三级预防,开展健康教育,开展婚前医学检查,加强地中海贫血防治,提高产前诊断水平,可降低出生缺陷的发生率。     

2010年兰州市国家级出生缺陷情况分析

目的 掌握兰州市出生缺陷的动态变化,探索降低出生缺陷的有效途径,同时发现出生缺陷的影响因素,找出我市妇幼保健工作中存在的问题.方法 对兰州市十家国家级出生缺陷监测医疗机构2010年出生缺陷监测结果进行分析.结果 近年来国家级监测点出生缺陷呈现逐步上升趋势,2010年兰州市出生缺陷监测率为144.83/万,比2005年(91.82/万)上升了53.01/万,发生顺位依次为:先天性心脏病、多指(趾)、总唇裂、无脑畸形、先天性脑积水.结论 提倡早孕检卡,定期产前检查,提高产前筛查率,规范婚前医学检查,开展优生宣教,进一步规范妇幼卫生监测技术.     

住院分娩新生儿出生缺陷监测结果分析

目的:了解常德市两家医院住院分娩新生儿的出生缺陷发生情况,为今后防治工作及制定干预防治措施提供科学依据。方法:按全国出生缺陷监测网要求,于2001年1~至2005年12月对孕满28周至产后7d的围生儿进行监测。结果:5年监测住院分娩围生儿8929例,共发现出生缺陷儿105例,年平均出生缺陷发生率117.59/万。性别出生缺陷发生率男婴为9.63‰,女婴为13.73‰。结论:加强产前咨询与围生期保健,尽早发现异常,采取措施,降低出生缺陷儿的发生率。     

新疆妇幼卫生系统出生缺陷监测与防治现状

目的：了解新疆妇幼卫生系统出生缺陷发生和防治情况,提供防治建议。方法：回顾性收集新疆妇幼卫生系统2005年1月~2012年12月出生缺陷防治措施进展指标和出生缺陷发生情况。结果2005年1月~2012年12月新疆出生缺陷平均发生率为99.0/万。神经管缺陷、总唇裂、先天性脑积水、多指（趾）、马蹄内翻足是新疆主要的出生缺陷发生类型。结论：新疆出生缺陷发生情况仍处于高位,农村是出生缺陷多发的主要地区,做好孕前保健和产前筛查与诊断工作对改善新疆出生缺陷发生有帮助。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.