Macular and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in children with hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia

AIM:To compare the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and macular thickness in the amblyopic eye with that in the sound eye of children with hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia using optical coherence tomography (OCT).METHODS: A prospective, nonrandom, intraindividual comparative cohort study includes 72 children with hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia in a single center. Macular thickness, macular foveola thickness, and peripapillary RNFL thickness were compared between the amblyopia eyes and the contralateral sound eyes.RESULTS:There were 38 male and 34 female patients, with a mean age as 9.7±1.9 years (range, 5–16 years). Hyperopic was +3.62±1.16D (range +2.00D to +6.50D) in the amblyopic eyes, which was significantly higher in the control eyes with +0.76±0.90D (range 0D to +2.00D) (P < 0.01). The mean peripapillary RNFL thickness was 113.9±7.2µm and 109.2±6.9µm in the amblyopic eye and the normal eye, respectively, reaching statistical significance (P = 0.02). The mean macular foveola thickness was significantly thicker in the amblyopic eyes than the contralateral sound eyes (181.4±14.2µm vs 175.2±13.3µm, P < 0.01), but the 1mm, 3mm or 6mm macular thickness central macular thickness was not significantly different. Degree of anisometropia in the contralateral eyes was not significantly correlated with differences of peripapillary RNFL, macular foveola thickness or central macular thickness.CONCLUSION:Eyes with hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia are found thicker macular foveola and peripapillary RNFL than the contralateral eyes in children.     

单眼屈光参差性弱视眼视网膜神经纤维层厚度分析

目的:比较单眼屈光参差性弱视患者弱视眼和非弱视眼视盘周围视网膜神经纤维层(retinal nerve fiber layer,RNFL)的厚度。方法:选择38例不伴有斜视的单眼屈光差性弱视患者,应用光学相干断层成像技术(OCT)测量其弱视眼和非弱视眼的视盘周围RNFL平均厚度。结果:弱视患者38例的平均年龄为10.73岁,弱视眼RNFL平均厚度为106.38±12.05μm,下方象限RNFL(I):133.67±19.44μm最厚,其次为上方象限(S):123.31±13.95μm,鼻侧象限(N):89.96±17.71μm,颞侧象限(T):70.06±10.18μm最薄;单眼屈光参差性弱视中,弱视眼的RNFL平均厚度和鼻侧象限RNFL厚度较对侧非弱视眼厚,差异具有统计学意义(P=0.016;P=0.01)。结论:单眼屈光参差性弱视患者弱视眼的RNFL厚度较非弱视眼厚,以鼻侧象限RNFL厚度和RNFL平均厚度的差异最为显著。     

Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in amblyopic eyes

PURPOSE: To compare the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness of sound and amblyopic eyes. DESIGN: Prospective observational case series. METHODS: Setting: Institutional. Study population: Patients with unilateral strabismic, anisometropic, or combined amblyopia. Observation: Fast RNFL analysis with ocular coherence tomography (OCT) of sound and amblyopic eyes. Measure: Mean RNFL thickness. RESULTS: For the 17 patients (mean age 10.7 years) in whom both eyes were imaged, the mean thickness of the sound eye was 109.2 microm (median 112.7) and of the amblyopic eye was 104.2 microm (median 105.0), and the average difference (sound eye less amblyopic eye) was 5.0 microm (median 3.0) (95% confidence interval -2.3, 12.2, P = .17). The sound eye was 10 microm or more thicker than the amblyopic eye in four patients; the amblyopic eye was 10 microm or more thicker than the sound eye in one patient; and the difference was within 10 microm in 12 patients. Test-retest data were obtained for 23 pairs of sound eyes and 21 pairs of amblyopic eyes, with 75% of the test-retest pairs within 7%. CONCLUSIONS: We found a small, but not clinically significant, difference in nerve fiber layer (NFL) thickness between amblyopic and sound eyes. Reliability was excellent, with most eyes testing within 7% of the first test.     

Macular and peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer thickness in adults with amblyopia

Objective

To evaluate macular and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in amblyopic eyes compared to the fellow eye.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Participants

30 patients (60 eyes) older than 18 years of age with amblyopia.

Methods

Inclusion criteria included individuals older than 18 years, amblyopia, and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) ≤20/40. A complete medical history was taken and an eye examination carried out. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was carried out on both eyes of all patients. Exclusion criteria included intraocular pressure (IOP) >23 mm Hg and eye pathology that may affect OCT measurements. The primary outcome measures were foveal thickness and average peripapillary RNFL thickness, which were compared using a paired t test. Quadrants in peripapillary scans and concentric rings in macular scans were analyzed.

Results

The average age was 56 years (range = 33–82 years). Visual acuity ranged from 20/40 to 20/4000 (mean = 20/275). The average peripapillary RNFL thickness was 90.6 μm (SD = 9.6 μm) in the amblyopic eye and 90.1 μm (SD = 12.1 μm) in the fellow eye (p = 0.64). The average macular thickness in amblyopic eyes was 260.1 μm (SD = 32.0 μm), and 254.7 μm (SD = 32.5 μm) in fellow eyes (p = 0.10). No statistical difference existed between peripapillary quadrants or macular concentric rings. These differences were smaller when the strabismic amblyopes were isolated.

Conclusions

There does not seem to be a difference in peripapillary RNFL or macular thickness between the amblyopic eye and fellow eye.     

远视性弱视儿童视网膜神经纤维层厚度分析

目的研究远视性弱视儿童视盘周围视网膜神经纤维层（RNFL）厚度和黄斑中心凹厚度的变化,并与单眼弱视儿童对侧正常眼的检查结果进行比较。方法对32例（41只眼）远视性弱视儿童和18例（18只眼）单眼弱视儿童对侧正常眼进行光学相干断层扫描（OCT）检查,记录视盘周围RNFL的平均厚度和黄斑中心凹的视网膜厚度。结果远视性弱视组和对照组视盘周围RNFL的平均厚度分别为118.77±11.43μm和109.12±11.09μm,两者相比,差异有统计学意义;远视性弱视组和对照组黄斑中心凹处视网膜厚度分别为155.98±29.30μm和147.28±13.11μm,两组之间无明显差异（P=0.121）。将弱视分组发现,轻度弱视组和中度弱视组的视盘周围RNFL的平均厚度分别为118.42±10.95μm和119.12±12.19μm,,黄斑中心凹处视网膜厚度分别为154.29±34.23μm和157.75±23.81μm。两者分别与对照组比较,视盘周围RNFL厚度差异有统计学意义;黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度差异无统计学意义（P=0.777,0.629）。结论远视性弱视儿童视盘周围RNFL变厚,而黄斑视网膜厚度无明显变化。     

单眼屈光参差性弱视黄斑区及视盘周围神经纤维层厚度的Meta分析

目的：评估应用光学相干断层成像术(OCT)评价单眼屈光参差性弱视青少年儿童双眼黄斑区及视盘周围神经纤维层厚度(RNFL)的差异,为探讨弱视的发病机制及指导弱视的诊疗提供依据。

方法：检索维普、万方、PubMed、EMBASE等中英文数据库,对1995-01-01/2019-12-08采用OCT检查单眼屈光参差性弱视青少年儿童患者双眼黄斑区及RNFL的相关临床研究进行筛选、评估和数据提取,将单眼屈光参差性弱视患者双眼黄斑中心小凹、黄斑中心凹1mm直径中央区、1～3mm内环区、3～6mm外环区及RNFL厚度纳入研究,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。

结果：采用时域OCT(TD-OCT)的研究结果显示,弱视眼黄斑中心小凹、黄斑中心凹1mm直径中央区厚度均大于对侧非弱视眼(P<0.05),弱视眼RNFL平均厚度大于对侧非弱视眼(P>0.05)。采用频域OCT(SD-OCT)的研究结果显示,弱视眼黄斑中心小凹及各分区厚度均大于对侧非弱视眼,除黄斑中心凹1mm直径中央区、3～6mm的外环区下方外,余比较均有差异(P<0.05); 弱视眼RNFL平均厚度及鼻侧各分区厚度均大于对侧非弱视眼(P<0.05)。

结论：单眼屈光参差性弱视患者弱视眼黄斑区及RNFL厚度高于对侧非弱视眼,且弱视主要引起黄斑中心凹1mm直径区域内厚度增厚。     

近视性屈光参差性弱视患者视网膜黄斑中心凹及神经纤维层厚度的研究

背景弱视是一种从视网膜到视中枢的视觉传导系统及中枢全领域形态学及功能异常引起的临床表现,目前弱视眼的视网膜是否受累仍是争论的焦点。目的采用光学相干断层扫描（OCT）测量单眼近视性屈光参差性弱视患者的视网膜黄斑中心凹厚度及视网膜神经纤维层（RNFL）厚度,探讨单眼近视性屈光参差性弱视患者视网膜是否存在组织病理学改变。方法取近视性屈光参差性弱视患者22例44眼为弱视组;近视性屈光参差性弱视患者经治疗后视力达到正常者10例20眼为弱视治愈组;初诊为近视性屈光参差非弱视患者11例22眼为非弱视组。所有患者采用Model3000型OCT测量双眼视网膜黄斑中心凹厚度及视盘周围RNFL厚度,包括上方、下方、鼻侧、颞侧和平均厚度。采用配对t检验对各组受试者双眼间视网膜厚度的差异进行比较,用多元线性回归方法分析黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度及RNFL厚度与弱视眼眼轴长度、屈光度和年龄的关系。结果弱视组患者中弱视眼黄斑中心凹厚度明显比对侧眼增厚,差异有统计学意义（P=0．001）;弱视治愈组原弱视眼与对侧眼之间视网膜厚度的差异无统计学意义（P=0．778）,非弱视组高度数近视眼与低度数近视眼之间视网膜厚度的差异无统计学意义（P=0．943）;弱视组弱视眼颞侧RNFL厚度明显比对侧眼增厚,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．001）,弱视治愈组原弱视眼颞侧RNFL厚度比对侧眼厚,差异有统计学意义（P=0．003）,非弱视组高度数眼颞侧RNFL厚度比低度数眼厚,差异有统计学意义（P=0．046）,各组双眼视网膜上方、下方、颞侧及平均RNFL厚度的差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。年龄与视盘下方RNFL厚度间呈负相关关系（r=-0．559,P=0．016）,其余各参数之间均无明显相关（P〉0．05）。结论近视性屈光参差性弱视患者的黄斑中心凹视网膜较正常眼增厚,而RNFL厚度与一般近视眼无明显差别;弱视的改善伴随着黄斑中心凹厚度的减小。     

青少年屈光参差性弱视眼与非弱视眼视盘参数的差异

目的：通过 OCT 检查比较青少年屈光参差性弱视眼与非弱视眼视盘周围神经纤维层厚度、视盘地形图参数的差异,研究弱视眼视盘参数的特征。
　　方法：选取青少年屈光参差性弱视34例34眼,利用Cirrus 频域光学相干断层扫描( optical coherence tomography,OCT)技术分别检测双眼视盘周围视网膜神经纤维层(retinal nerve fiber layer,RNFL)厚度及视盘地形图参数,比较同一受检者弱视眼与非弱视眼的差异。结果：弱视眼视盘周围平均神经纤维层厚度、各区域神经纤维层厚度与健侧眼比较无明显统计学差异;视盘地形图各参数中弱视眼的视盘面积较健侧眼增大,差异有统计学意义(t =2.8054,P=0.0263),且弱视眼的视盘面积与视盘鼻侧 RNFL 厚度及盘沿面积呈正相关(r =0.7592、0.7501,P=0.0289、0.0321)。
　　结论：青少年屈光参差性弱视眼视盘参数与非弱视眼存在一定差异。     

屈光参差性弱视儿童视网膜光学相干断层成像研究

目的：应用视网膜光学相干断层成像方法（OCT）研究屈光参差性弱视儿童视网膜神经纤维层（RNFL）和黄斑中心凹厚度,探讨弱视的发病机制。方法对屈光参差性单眼弱视儿童38例进行OCT检查,据弱视眼屈光状态分为远视散光弱视组18例,单纯远视弱视组20例,对侧健眼为正常对照组。分析比较三组视盘周围RNFL厚度和黄斑中心凹厚度的差异。结果远视散光弱视组、单纯远视弱视组和正常对照组视盘周围RNFL厚度分别为115.77±13.42μm、111.34±10.30μm 和103.05±11.10μm,黄斑中心凹厚度分别为198.86±28.30μm、191.98±27.81μm,181.18±29.06μm。两弱视组分别与正常对照组、两弱视组组间比较视盘周围RNFL厚度及黄斑中心凹厚度,差异均有统计学意义,P＜0.05。结论屈光参差性弱视其弱视眼视盘周围RNFL厚度及黄斑中心凹厚度较对侧正常眼增厚,且远视散光弱视眼厚于单纯远视弱视眼。     

Unilateral amblyopia: Optical coherence tomography findings

Purpose

This study was performed to measure the macular and the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thicknesses using optical coherence tomography (OCT) in patients with unilateral amblyopia.

Methods

Measurement of the Retinal nerve fiber layer and Macular Retinal Layer thickness for both amblyopic and normal fellow eyes by (OCT) was carried out at king Abdulaziz University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Results

Ninety-three patients with unilateral amblyopia between the ages of 5 years and 12 years were included. The macular retinal thickness and the RNFL thickness were measured using OCT. The mean macular retinal thickness was 259.3 μm and 255.6 μm, and the mean RNFL thickness was 112.16 μm and 106 μm, in the amblyopic eye and the normal eye, respectively. OCT assessment of RNFL thickness revealed a significantly thicker RNFL in amblyopic eye (P < 0.0001), but no statistically significant difference was found in macular retinal thickness (P = 0.195).

Conclusion

The amblyopic process may involve the RNFL, but not the macula. However, further evaluation is needed.     

无明显病因弱视儿童视网膜神经纤维层OCT检测及分析

目的研究无明显病因弱视儿童视盘周围视网膜神经纤维层（RNFL）厚度和黄斑中心凹厚度的变化。方法对25例（49眼）无明显病因弱视儿童进行光学相干断层扫描（OCT）检查,记录黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度和视盘周围平均视网膜神经纤维层（RNFL）厚度,并与正常对照组进行比较。结果无明显病因弱视组和对照组视盘周围RN-FL的平均厚度分别为103．33±7．40um和105．21±9．81um,两者之间厚度差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,无明显病因弱视组和对照组黄斑中心凹处视网膜厚度分别为217．43±12．44urn和222．12±16．22um,两者相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）．结论无明昴病因弱视儿童的视网膜结构存在异常。     

Analysis of retinal nerve fiber layer and macular thickness measurements in healthy Taiwanese individuals using optical coherence tomography (Stratus OCT)

PURPOSE: To investigate the reproducibility of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and macular thickness measurements in healthy Taiwanese subjects using optical coherence tomography (Stratus OCT). METHODS: Fifty-two eyes of 52 healthy Taiwanese subjects (32 females and 20 males) were enrolled in the cross-sectional study. A randomly chosen single eye from each healthy subject underwent thickness measurements using OCT, before and after pupillary dilation, by 3 trained and experienced operators. Average measurements of peripapillary RNFL and macular thickness were calculated. Comparisons of thickness measurements before and after pupillary dilation, and among the 3 operators were performed. RESULTS: The RNFL thickness measurements were higher in the inferior peripapillary area by RNFL scan (average: 107.4+/-17.8 microm) and the macular thickness measurements showed a ring-shaped hump in the 3 mm perifoveal area by macular scan (average: 252.8+/-8.9 microm). Comparing the peripapillary RNFL and macular thickness before and after pupillary dilation, there was no significant difference (P>0.05) in average, superior, inferior, temporal, or nasal peripapillary areas, in total macular volume and foveal thickness, nor in 1, 3, and 6-mm perifoveal areas, whether before or after pupillary dilation and irrespective of which operator performed the measurements. CONCLUSIONS: The inferior RNFL area and the 3-mm perifoveal area showed higher thickness measurements in the peripapillary region and macular region, respectively. The thickness measurements performed using OCT showed no significant differences before and after pupillary dilation, and showed good reproducibility.     

不同类型屈光参差性弱视黄斑部地形图分析

目的:用光学相干断层扫描仪(optical coherence tomography,OCT)分析不同类型屈光参差性弱视黄斑部视网膜地形图的变化。方法:前瞻性系列病例研究。连续收集52例104眼单眼屈光参差性弱视(包括远视性弱视和近视性弱视)儿童患者,其中弱视组1为远视性弱视41例,弱视组2为近视性弱视11例,对照组为对侧非弱视眼。用OCT-3分别对弱视组和对照组黄斑部进行放射状扫描,按糖尿病视网膜病变早期治疗研究组(ETDRS)定义的黄斑九格分区法测量黄斑部九个区域视网膜厚度及黄斑中央小凹厚度和黄斑部总的体积。结果:弱视组黄斑部各区域视网膜厚度中黄斑中央小凹F(157.00±17.21μm)比对照组(144.19±12.83μm)厚,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);弱视组黄斑中央凹1mm区域A1(189.23±14.68μm)比对照组厚(182.73±13.60μm),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其余各区域差异无统计学意义。弱视组黄斑部各区域视网膜体积中黄斑中央凹1mm区域A1(0.15±0.01mm3)比对照组(0.14±0.01mm3)大,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其余各区域差异无统计学意义。弱视组中远视性组和近视性组各区域黄斑视网膜厚度中黄斑中央小凹F和黄斑中央凹1mm区域A1远视性比近视性薄,但差异无统计学意义;A2～A9区远视性比近视性厚,其中A2～A5区差异无统计学意义,A6～A9区差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:弱视可以影响黄斑部视网膜,引起视网膜的厚度和体积发生改变,主要影响黄斑中央凹1mm区域,导致中心视力的下降;弱视对两种不同类型屈光参差眼黄斑部(中央3mm区域内)视网膜厚度的影响无明显差别。     

屈光参差性弱视儿童双眼与正常眼SD-OCT参数的比较

目的:比较单眼屈光参差性弱视儿童双眼与正常眼黄斑区视网膜厚度及视盘周围视网膜神经纤维层(RNFL)厚度的差异。方法:选取2021-01/2022-10于成都市妇女儿童中心医院就诊的单眼屈光参差性弱视儿童62例124眼作为试验组,另选取同时间段就诊的正常视力儿童60例60眼(右眼)作为对照组。采用频域光学相干断层成像(SD-OCT)检测两组儿童黄斑区视网膜厚度及视盘周围RNFL厚度,并进行对比分析。结果:试验组儿童弱视眼黄斑区视网膜厚度和视盘周围RNFL厚度均厚于对照组,且多数具有显著差异性(P<0.05)。试验组儿童对侧非弱视眼黄斑区视网膜厚度和视盘周围RNFL厚度多较对照组变薄,但多数无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:单眼屈光参差性弱视儿童弱视眼和对侧非弱视眼黄斑区视网膜厚度及视盘周围RNFL厚度与正常眼存在一定差异性,且对侧非弱视眼并不能完全等同于正常眼。     

Evaluation of the retinal ganglion cell and choroidal thickness in young Turkish adults with hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia

The purpose of this study is to compare the choroidal thickness (CT) and ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness of the normal fellow eyes and the amblyopic eyes using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) in young Turkish adults with hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia. Patients with unilateral hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia were enrolled and underwent a full ophthalmological assessment, including best-corrected visual acuity, cycloplegic refraction, and axial length (AL) measurements. Cirrus EDI-OCT was used to obtain subfoveal CT, GCC thickness, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), and central macular thickness (CMT) measurements. Comparison was performed between the amblyopic eyes and the normal fellow eyes. Forty-three hyperopic anisometropic amblyopic patients were enrolled in this study. Mean age of 23 female and 20 male patients was 24.8 ± 7.4 years. Mean AL was 21.9 ± 1.3 and 22.4 ± 0.9 mm in amblyopic and fellow eyes, respectively (P < 0.05). Mean subfoveal CT measurements were 325.4 ± 44.2 and 317.9 ± 42.7 µ in amblyopic and fellow eyes, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups (P > 0.05). Mean GCC thickness was 83.8 ± 3.6 µ in amblyopic eyes and 83.5 ± 3.9 µ in the fellow eyes. Statistically significant difference was not seen between the groups (P > 0.05). Mean RNFL and mean CMT measurements were also similar in two groups (P > 0.05). Subfoveal CT, CMT, RNFL, and GCC thickness measurements were not statistically significant between hyperopic anisometropic amblyopic eyes and normal fellow eyes.     

In vivo measurements of macular and nerve fibre layer thickness in retinal arterial occlusion

AIM: To investigate the structure-function relationship in patients with retinal arterial occlusion by measuring the macular and the peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness and the visual sensitivity. METHODS: This is an observational case series with three patients with central retinal arterial occlusion (CRAO) and two patients with branch retinal arterial occlusion (BRAO). The macular/peripapillary RNFL thickness and the visual field were measured with Stratus optical coherence tomography (OCT) and Humphrey visual field analyzer, respectively, at least 1 year after the diagnosis of CRAO or BRAO. RESULTS: The macular thickness, in particular the inner retinal layer, and the peripapillary RNFL thickness were reduced in patients with retinal arterial occlusion. The decrease in the macular and the peripapillary RNFL thickness corresponded to the sites of retinal arterial occlusion with diffuse and segmental thinning found in CRAO and BRAO, respectively. Visual field defects were found in the corresponding locations of macular and RNFL thinning, and closely correlated with the degree of the structural damage. CONCLUSIONS: Structural damages in terms of reduction in the macular and peripapillary RNFL thickness were evident in patients with retinal arterial occlusion. A close structure-function correlation was found and a worse functional outcome is associated with a more extensive thinning of the macula and RNFL. OCT measurements of the macular/peripapillary RNFL thickness provide useful indicators to reflect the severity of the disease in retinal arterial occlusion and serve as a new paradigm to study and monitor the disease longitudinally.     

远视性单眼弱视患者黄斑区视网膜厚度的研究

目的通过检测远视性单眼弱视者弱视眼黄斑区视网膜厚度（MRT）,研究弱视眼视网膜神经上皮层厚度的特征。方法远视性单眼弱视患者42例,正常组单眼远视但无弱视者20例。采用光学相干断层扫描仪（OCT）测量弱视眼和正常眼的MRT。结果弱视眼黄斑中心凹厚度比正常眼厚（P=0．005）,对于黄斑部位的分区测量,黄斑中心区厚度弱视眼比正常眼厚（P=0．010）,而黄斑周围外环及内环各象限弱视眼和正常眼相比差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。不同程度弱视患者问黄斑中心凹及黄斑各分区的视网膜厚度差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论远视性单眼弱视眼黄斑中心区视网膜厚度增厚,不同程度弱视眼间的视网膜厚度差异无统计学意义。     

Optical tomography-measured retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in normal latinos

PURPOSE: To measure retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in normal Latinos using optical coherence tomography (OCT). METHODS: Three hundred twelve Latino participants, aged 40 years or more, underwent a detailed ophthalmic examination, including measurement of visual acuity, intraocular pressure, visual field perimetry, and stereoscopic optic disc photography. None of the participants had any evidence of ocular hypertension, glaucoma, or other ocular disease. Nine scans were performed on one eye of each participant by optical coherence tomography (OCT Model 2000; Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA, software version A 6.1): three circumferential peripapillary scans and six radial scans of the macula. The average RNFL thicknesses in the peripapillary region and macula were measured. A paired t-test and linear regression analyses were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 52 years (range, 40-79 years). The average peripapillary RNFL thickness 1.74 mm from the center of the disc was 132.7 +/- 14.4 micro m, and the average macular RNFL thickness was 44.8 +/- 14.8 micro m. The average macular retinal thickness was 173 +/- 28.5 micro m. The average peripapillary RNFL thickness in the four quadrants was as follows: superior 157.7 +/- 17.8 micro m, nasal 109.3 +/- 19.1 micro m, inferior 159.8 +/- 18.9 micro m, and temporal 102.5 +/- 19.0 micro m. There were no gender-related differences in macular or peripapillary RNFL thickness (P = 0.12 and P = 0.35, respectively). The average macular and peripapillary RNFL thickness was thinner in older Latinos than in younger Latinos (P = 0.04 and P = 0.0001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Regional and age-related differences in the peripapillary and macular RNFL thickness should be considered when diagnosing and monitoring individuals with diseases that affect the RNFL.     

屈光参差性弱视患者黄斑区视网膜厚度及微血管系统的变化:基于OCTA的研究

目的　使用光学相干断层扫描血管成像（OCTA）检测屈光参差性弱视儿童黄斑区视网膜厚度及微血管系统的差异,探究屈光参差性弱视的发病机制。方法　纳入2020年6月至12月在南昌大学第二附属医院儿童眼科门诊就诊的4~14岁屈光参差性弱视儿童41例及正常视力儿童22例,将屈光参差性弱视患儿的弱视眼纳入为弱视眼组,非弱视眼纳入为对侧眼组,正常视力儿童的右眼为正常对照组。使用OCTA扫描三组入选眼的眼底黄斑部3 mm×3 mm的范围,经ImageJ处理后获得浅层视网膜毛细血管丛血流密度(SCPVD)和深层视网膜毛细血管丛血流密度(DCPVD),采用ETDRS分区扫描模式扫描黄斑部,得出黄斑部以黄斑中心凹为中心,直径分别为1 mm圆形（中心区）及>1~3 mm、>3~6 mm环形区的视网膜厚度。分析比较三组之间黄斑区SCPVD、DCPVD及视网膜厚度之间的差异。结果　弱视眼组、对侧眼组和正常对照组入选眼的SCPVD分别为(25.01±6.00)%、(29.34±4.23)%和(30.16±2.90)%,DCPVD分别为(27.87±4.12)%、(30.30±2.72)%和(30.65±2.38)%,弱视眼组的SCPVD和DCPVD均较对侧眼组、正常对照组明显降低,差异均具有统计学意义(均为P<0.05),对侧眼组入选眼的SCPVD和DCPVD与正常对照组相比差异均无统计学意义(均为P=1.00)。弱视眼组、对侧眼组和正常对照组入选眼黄斑中心区视网膜厚度分别为（265.78±21.10）μm、（260.94±18.97）μm和（263.59±14.71）μm,三组间黄斑中心区视网膜厚度差异均无统计学意义（均为P>0.05）;弱视眼组、对侧眼组和正常对照组入选眼黄斑区平均视网膜厚度分别为(321.13±10.83)μm、(316.19±11.80)μm和(314.85±10.81)μm,弱视眼组入选眼黄斑区平均视网膜厚度均较对侧眼组、正常对照组明显增厚,差异均具有统计学意义(均为P＜0.05),对侧眼组与正常对照组入选眼的平均视网膜厚度差异无统计学意义（P=0.77）。结论　屈光参差性弱视患儿的弱视眼黄斑区视网膜厚度及微血管系统均存在异常,提示黄斑区视网膜参与屈光参差性弱视的发病过程。     

屈光参差性弱视儿童视网膜神经纤维层和黄斑区视网膜厚度的相关性分析

目的:探究屈光参差性弱视儿童视网膜神经纤维层(RNFL)和黄斑区视网膜厚度的变化情况及其相关性。方法:选取2020-10/2021-06在我院眼科治疗的屈光参差性弱视儿童159例159眼作为研究组,选取同期、同年龄段于我院眼科检查视力正常的儿童159例159眼作为对照组。研究组在给予屈光矫正、遮盖健眼的基础上对弱视眼进行传统综合训练结合4D视觉训练。比较研究组治疗前后与对照组RNFL和黄斑区视网膜厚度,分析研究组治疗前RNFL与黄斑区视网膜厚度的相关性。结果:研究组治疗前和治疗3mo后平均、上方、下方、鼻侧、颞侧RNFL厚度均高于对照组,且研究组治疗前平均、上方、下方、鼻侧、颞侧RNFL厚度均高于治疗3mo后(P<0.05)。研究组治疗前黄斑区外环平均、下方、鼻侧、颞侧、内环鼻侧及中心区视网膜厚度均高于治疗3mo后和对照组(P<0.05)。治疗前,研究组上方RNFL厚度与黄斑中心区视网膜厚度呈负相关(r=-0.330,P<0.05),下方、鼻侧RNFL厚度与黄斑区外环和内环颞侧视网膜厚度呈正相关(均P<0.05),颞侧RNFL厚度与黄斑区外环鼻侧和颞侧视网膜厚度...