探讨下肢深静脉血栓的彩色多普勒超声诊断价值

目的:探讨彩色多普勒超声对下肢深静脉血栓形成的诊断价值.方法:回顾性分析2007～2009年对80例下肢深静脉血栓形成的住院患者,观察其血栓形成的部位、范围及栓塞程度.结果:左下肢血栓56例,右下肢血栓21例,双下肢血栓3例.结论:彩色多普勒超声对下肢深静脉血栓形成的诊断,无创、准确性高、度敏感性高且重复性好.     

彩色多普勒超声诊断下肢深静脉血栓的价值

目的探讨彩色多普勒超声诊断下肢深静脉血栓的价值。方法对32例下肢深静脉血栓形成患者进行检查,观察血栓形成的部位、大小、栓塞程度。结果32例(35条患肢)下肢深静脉血栓形成,其中单发于左下肢20例,单发于右下肢9例,双下肢同时患病3例。彩色多普勒超声诊断正确31例(96.9%),1例漏诊(3.1%)。结论彩色多普勒超声对下肢深静脉血栓的诊断具有重要价值,应作为无创性检查的首选方法。     

彩色多普勒超声在下肢深静脉血栓中诊断价值探讨

目的:探讨对下肢静脉血栓形成采用二维及彩色多普勒超声诊断技术检查的临床应用价值。方法:选择89例疑诊下肢深静脉血栓患者作为研究对象,采用PHD11彩超检查仪进行二维及彩色多普勒和脉冲多普勒检测。结果:89例患者中检出下肢静脉血栓形成87例(97.75%),超声图像特征管壁增厚、血栓阻塞部位以下管径增大[(16.03±2.98)mm],加压探头管腔不能消失或部分消失,CDFI见充盈缺损或无彩色信号显示,脉冲多普勒血栓远端血管血流速度缓慢[(4.01±2.23)cm/s],且血栓侧无随呼吸动作的相应变化,挤压远端肢体血流信号不增强。结论:彩色多普勒超声为下肢深静脉血栓诊断的首选方法。     

彩色多普勒超声对下肢深静脉血栓的诊断价值

目的:探讨彩色多普勒超声对下肢深静脉血栓形成的诊断及治疗效果观察中的应用价值。方法:对下肢深静脉血栓形成的患者96例,进行二维、彩色多普勒及脉冲多普勒超声检测,观察血栓形成的部位、范围、栓塞程度,静脉管壁、管径、周围结构及静脉瓣的功能。结果:96例患者中,左侧肢体病变多于右侧(左/右,89/22),单侧肢体病变多于双侧(单/双,77/19),其中急性血栓19例,亚急性血栓33例,慢性血栓44例,下肢静脉完全栓塞28例,不完全栓塞68例。结论:彩色多普勒超声对下肢深静脉血栓的部位、范围、阻塞程度及治疗后再通情况可做出较为明确的诊断,可作为下肢深静脉血栓的首选检查方法。     

彩色多普勒超声诊断下肢深静脉血栓的临床价值分析

目的：分析下肢深静脉血栓的彩色多普勒超声表现,探讨彩色多普勒超声对下肢深静脉血栓的诊断及临床应用价值。方法采用彩色多普勒超声诊断仪对68例下肢深静脉血栓患者进行检查,观察其二维超声图像、彩色血流、频谱图并分析声像图特点。结果68例下肢深静脉血栓患者中左下肢血栓形成38例,右下肢血栓血栓形成患者25例,双下肢血栓形成患者5例,结合病史、临床表现、实验室及彩色多普勒超声检查,68例患者下肢深静脉血栓的诊断均经证实。结论彩色多普勒超声是一种无创性的检查方法,价格低廉,可很好地显示下肢深静脉血栓,并为临床提供可靠的诊断依据。     

彩色多普勒超声在外科术后下肢深静脉血栓的应用价值

目的探讨彩色多普勒超声在外科术后下肢深静脉血栓的应用价值。方法分析本院156例外科术后病人下肢深静脉彩色多普勒超声检查情况,观察下肢静脉血栓形态、位置、内部回声及彩色血流等。结果156例患者中发现下肢静脉血栓79例,检出率为50.64%,均与临床诊断相符合,符合率为100%。下肢静脉血栓形成完全型占45例(56.96%),血栓部分型占34例(43.04%),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。急性期血栓形成占41例(51.90%),超声表现为管腔明显增宽,管腔内见实性低回声,分布均匀,血流充盈缺损。亚急性血栓形成占29例(36.71%),超声表现为管腔增宽,管腔内见实性等-高回声,分布不均匀,血流充盈缺损。慢性期血栓形成占9例(11.39%),超声表现为管腔正常或变细,管腔内见实性等-高回声,分布不均匀,血流充盈缺损,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论彩色多普勒超声对外科术后下肢静脉血栓形成位置、形态及血流情况提供了很大帮助,是外科术后下肢深静脉血栓形成的首选诊断方法。     

彩色多普勒超声诊断下肢深静脉血栓形成的价值分析

目的:探究彩色多普勒超声诊断下肢深静脉血栓形成的价值和意义.方法:本文采用彩色多普勒超声诊断仪诊断系统,对22例下肢深静脉血栓患者的进行诊断检查,具有针对性的进行下肢深静脉的检查与诊断,确保患者诊断结果.结果:22例下肢深静脉血栓患者中13例患者为左下肢血栓形成,6例患者为右下肢血栓形成,3例患者为双下肢血栓形成,通过临床表现、彩色多普勒超声检查同时结合患者病史22例患者下肢深静脉血栓均被诊断证实.结论:彩色多普勒超声是一种无创伤的检测方法,对确定下肢深静脉血栓形成的诊断提供了重要的信息和证据,很好地显示下肢深静脉血栓形成,为诊断提供依据.     

彩色多普勒超声诊断下肢深静脉血栓的临床应用价值

目的:探讨彩色多普勒超声诊断下肢深静脉血栓的临床价值。方法:选取确诊为下肢深静脉血栓的患者90例为研究对象,分析下肢深静脉腔内血栓形成类型、血栓形成部位以及血栓声像图特征。结果:(1)血栓形成部位左侧多于右侧、单侧多于双侧,好发血管为股静脉以及髂静脉。(2)下肢深静脉血栓,彩色多普勒超声可提示腔内回声不均匀以及充盈缺损,同时还可以评估血栓出现时间以及血栓周围血流状况。结论:彩色多普勒超声在诊断下肢深静脉血栓时具有简便、准确的特点,可作为下肢深静脉血栓诊断的首选检测方法。     

彩色多普勒超声技术对下肢深静脉血栓的诊断价值分析

目的探讨高频彩色多普勒超声对下肢深静脉血栓的诊断价值。方法彩色多普勒超声对127例疑有下肢深静脉血栓患者进行检查。观察二维超声及彩色多普勒特征,并与健侧进行比较。结果超声检出下肢深静脉血栓患者127例,其中双侧17例,左侧88例,右侧22例。患肢共144条,左侧105条、右侧39条,左右侧之比为2.7∶1。1型(中央型)55条、2型(周围型)46条、3型(混合型)43条。中央型发病最高38%。急性血栓42例、亚急性血栓36例、陈旧性血栓49例。血栓形成后,不论是二维图像还是彩色多普勒表现,均与正常血管明显不同。结论急慢性血栓彩色多普勒超声显像特点各异,彩色多普勒超声是一种无创性检查,诊断下肢深静脉血栓具有很高的敏感性和特异性并可动态观察、判断治疗效果,是诊断下肢深静脉血栓的首选影像学方法。     

彩色超声多普勒在下肢深静脉血栓形成中的诊断价值

目的 探讨彩色超声多普勒在下肢深静脉血栓形成中的应用价值.方法 回顾采用彩色超声多普勒诊断的52例下肢深静脉血栓形成患者的临床资料.重点分析彩色超声多普勒显示的下肢深静脉血栓的大小、形成部位以及血栓形成后对血管腔梗阻的程度.结果 52例患者中,左下肢深静脉血栓42例,右下肢深静脉血栓8例,双下肢深静脉血栓2例,其中完全性梗阻38例,不完全梗阻14例.结论 应用彩色多普勒在下肢深静脉血栓形成中具有较高的诊断价值.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.