性别和体质量指数对儿童血压及轨迹的影响

目的探讨性别和体质量指数对儿童血压及其轨迹的影响。方法选取6～8岁小学一年级学生1580例,男858例,女722例,测定血压、身高、体质量,随访3年,分析性别和体质量指数对儿童血压及轨迹的影响。结果全部受测者初复测血压密切相关,收缩压(SBP)的相关系数为0.370,舒张压(DBP)的为0.220。男性组SBP和DBP初复测值密切相关(SBP、DBP的相关系数分别为0.638、0.391,均P<0.01),且相关系数高于女性组(SBP、DBP的相关系数分别为0.108、0.112,P<0.01)。男性组SBP在血压偏低组、正常组、偏高组原百分位数维持率分别为61%、73%、65%,显著高于女性(27%、47%、31%),均P<0.01;体质量指数与血压密切相关,但是体质量指数的变化与血压的变化相关性较弱,排除了体质量指数的影响后,初复测血压的相关系数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论6～8岁儿童男性血压轨迹现象比女性显著,体质量指数与血压密切相关,但是儿童血压的轨迹现象不受体质量指数影响,受遗传因素调节的可能性大。     

长沙市青春期儿童肥胖与血压的关系

目的:了解长沙市青春期儿童肥胖与血压的关系,为预防青春期儿童高血压提供依据。方法:采用随机整群抽样方法,随机抽取长沙市18所中学生,对其初一至高二的全部学生进行血压和体格测量,并进行血压和营养状况的评价。结果:(1)18922名12～17岁儿童青少年中,检出患高血压者1276人,占6.7%,男、女生检出率分别为7.6%和5.8%;(2)肥胖组各个年龄段收缩压和舒张压平均水平均显著高于同性别同龄儿童的收缩压和舒张压平均水平,且差异有显著性。(3)男、女生和所有儿童合计分析,均显示肥胖组儿童的高血压检出率明显高于对于对照组,且差异有显著性。结论:长沙市12～17岁青春期儿童高血压发生率处于中等水平;青春期儿童血压水平与肥胖密切相关,肥胖是青春期儿童高血压的重要危险因素。     

青春期血压调查研究

目的:了解青春期血压状况,探讨青春期血压的评价参考标准。方法:选择漯河市某中专学校14～18岁健康男女学生共4196人进行血压调查研究,以本次调查所测血压值计算出第25、50、75、90及95百分位值。结果:共检出高血压(血压在第95百分位以上)383例。高血压检出率为9.12％;血压与体重、身高、体重指数、皮脂厚度及年龄呈正相关。结论:血压各百分位值可作为河南省青少年青春期(14～18岁)血压评价的参考标准;预防高血压应从(儿童)青少年时期开始。     

北京地区儿童青少年青春期发育状况与血压关系的初步研究

目的 调查6～18岁中小学生血压和青春期发育情况,探讨性发育成熟与血压的关系.方法 对北京市6个区的中小学学生采取整群随机抽样方法进行调查,测量血压,同时检测身高、体重、体质指数(BMI)、腰围及性征发育等相关指标.高血压定义为反复测量收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)或两者的结果 ≥第95百分位值,在第90～94百分位值之间为高血压前期,在第90百分位值以下者为正常血压.青春期性发育参照Tanner分期标准.对资料进行Partial相关分析、方差分析和多元线性回归分析.结果 ①参加人数19 591名.有效人数18 990名(96.93%),男9374名(49.4%),女9616名(50.6%),平均年龄(12.59±3.29)岁.检出高血压1690名(8.9%),高血压前期1659名(8.7%).②Tanner分期血压百分位值显示男女血压均随着性发育成熟而增高.③总体样本中SBP及DBP与年龄、身高、体重、BMI、腰围等呈正相关,性发育成熟与SBP呈正相关.④高血压中Tanner V期人数所占比例高于其他各期(X2=62.45,P＜0.001).结论青春期发育过程中除身高、体重、BMI、腰围等指标对血压有影响外,性成熟亦会对血压产生影响.高血压的发生可能与性发育成熟有关,但还需进一步在激素水平研究证实.     

儿童血压的追踪研究

为了解儿童血压随年龄而变化的规律,进而探讨用儿童血压水平预示未来成人血压水平的可能性,我们对1981年初查的2946名4～14岁农村儿问题时进行了4年和6年的追踪观察。结果表明:在校正年龄和体重的混杂作用后,仍显示儿童血压均值随年龄而上升。同时,儿童血压存在着轨迹现象,说明儿童血压水平对成人血压有一定的预示价值。     

招飞体检中血压变化情况的分析

在招飞体检中的大多数学生正值青春期,而青春期是生长发育的关键时期,血压在此期间变化加速［1］。加之在招飞体检中血压变化的因素比较多,给内科血压鉴定也带来一定的困难。为今后更好地完成招飞任务以及体检医学认证上更加准确,我们对东北三省近3年来受检学生的每个阶段的血压变化情况进行分析,以期研究结果能为招飞体检青少年血压标准的评价提供科学依据。     

青少年学生血压分布与体格发育的关系——3903名哈萨克族学生调查结果分析

据《中华心血管病杂志》1994年22卷第2期报道 新疆阿勒泰地区人民医院张明涛。王兰亭采用群体抽样方法,对新疆阿勒泰市及福海、布尔津、哈巴河县的22所中小学3903名7～18岁哈萨克族学生,进行了青春期血压分布规律与体格发育对血压影响的调查和分析。     

睾酮和生长激素对青春期体格发育影响的探讨

目的：探讨睾酮（T）和生长激素（GH）含量在青春期的变化规律及其对青春期体格发育和骨龄发育的作用。方法：先取身体健康，年龄在11－15岁的初中学生172名，按常规进行体格测量，用百分记分法评定骨龄，采用放免法测定其血清T和GH，分别分析T和GH水平与体格发育之间的相关性，结果：男性血清T浓度与骨龄及身体形态各指标间均成正相关关系，相关系数0．37－0．66（P＜0．01）；而男女性GH含量与骨龄和身体形态指标的相关关系均不密切，相关系数－0．19－0．23。结论：男、女生血清GH水平在青春期对正常生长发育是必需的，但可能不一定是导致青春期生长突增的主要激素；T在男生青春期生长突增中所起的作用可能大于GH。     

青春期子宫出血57例临床探讨

目的探讨青春期子宫出血的病因、诊断和治疗方法。方法对我院2007年5月—2010年5月57例青春期子宫出血病例进行回顾性分析。结果 57例青春期子宫出血患者,42例为功能失调性子宫出血,占72.4%;8例为血液系统疾病,占13%;4例为生殖道器质性病变,占7.8%;其他疾病3例,占5.2%.结论青春期子宫出血的病因以功能失调性子宫出血为主。超声结合诊断性刮宫和宫腔镜检查是确诊依据。     

初中女生初潮及经期心理特征调查分析

为有效地开展青春期教育活动，了解和掌握该时期学生的心理特征，我们于1998年5月～1999年12月对185名攀钢九中初中女生进行了初潮及心理特征的调查，现将调查结果分析如下：     

无创性倾斜方法估测人体压力反射功能

目的探讨无创估测人体压力反射功能方法的可行性。方法用无创被动倾斜方法估测２２名健康者及１７名糖尿病合并自主神经功能损害者在４５°被动倾斜前后血压、心率变化及心电图上第３０个心动周期与第１５个心动周期的ＲＲ间期比值（３０：１５比值）。结果正常组３０：１５比值＞１．０３且ＳＢＰ下降程度与反射性心率增快程度一致（Ｐ＜０．０５），而糖尿病组３０：１５比值＜１．０３且血压的下降不能引起反射性心率增快（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论初步研究结果揭示，被动倾斜前后心率和血压变化可以反映人体压力反射功能，而且该方法避免对高血压、心衰及其他心血管病患者应用血管活性药物带来的不良作用，无创、简便、易行，在临床应用较为安全。     

A second look at the effects of supportive follow-up on smoking cessation.

In 1982 a report in CMAJ (1982; 126: 127-129) indicated that the addition of supportive follow-up appointments in a family practice increased the 6-month cigarette abstinence rate from 12% to 23%. We reanalysed the data by means of recognized standards for treatment success and found little evidence that the treatment had any reliable effect on attempts to quit that lasted at least 3 months: 8.5% and 4.8% of the groups with and without supportive follow-up respectively abstained for more than 3 months. We discuss a problem of the experimental design (longer evaluative follow-up for the control group than for the treatment group) and cost-benefit issues.     

眼眶肿物73例临床分析

<正> 我院1972年2月至1982年8月,共收治眼眶肿物88例,其中经组织病理学检查证实的73例,现将其整理分析如下: 临床资料一、一般资料: 1.眼眶肿物的分类:73例中良性60例,恶性13例。以血管瘤、炎性假瘤、皮样囊肿、泪腺肿瘤及原发性视神经肿瘤多见。     

Factors Related to the Improvement of Quality of Life at 6 Months after Discharge for Myocardial Infarction Patients Treated with Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between improvement of health-related quality of life (QOL) and participation in self-care activities and coronary risk factor management at 6 months after discharge for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods: A total of 118 patients were asked to complete the MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaire at discharge and 6 months after discharge. The SF-36 consists of eight subscales: Physical Functioning (PF), Role Physical (RP), Bodily Pain (BP), General Health Perception (GH), Vitality (VT), Social Functioning (SF), Role Emotional (RE) and Mental Health (MH). We examined self-care activities and coronary risk factor management and related factors from SF-36 scores to measure quality of life (QOL) at discharge and 6 months after discharge.Results: The PF and BP scores at 6 months after discharge were significantly higher than those at discharge. Increasing PF and BP scores indicated improvement in ability to perform physical activities and absence of intense bodily pain that would interfere with activities of daily living or work. Improvement of PF in AMI patients treated with PCI was related to performing exercise after discharge and absence of diabetes mellitus. However, there were no related factors for BP.Conclusion: Our results indicated that exercise, as a self-care activity after discharge, for AMI patients treated with PCI may be related to the improvement of QOL.     

食盐及钙对大鼠血压、血浆钙调素和红细胞膜ATP酶活性的影响

观察高、低钠和高、低钙摄入对大鼠血压、血浆钙调素(CaM)和红细胞膜ATP酶活性的影响。结果表明,高钠摄入8周可使大鼠血压显著升高,血清钠和24h尿钠明显高于对照组(P<0.01),血浆CaM水平亦明显升高。高钙摄入能降低血压,24h尿钙和血浆CaM水平明显升高(P<0.05),红细胞膜钙泵活性也提高;而低钙摄入则血压升高,24h尿钙降低(P<0.01)。     

Trends in self-poisoning with drugs in Newcastle, New South Wales, 1980-1982

A review has been carried out of 747 cases of self-poisoning with drugs which were treated in the three major Newcastle hospitals over the three-year period 1980-1982. The data obtained have been compared with earlier published data for the years 1976-1979. The number of patients who were admitted to hospital fell from 290 in 1980 to 226 in 1982. The most common drugs used were benzodiazepine (34.5% of cases) and antidepressant agents (9.1%), paracetamol (7.9%), barbiturates (7.1%) and phenothiazines (3.8%). Although this indicated a gratifying drop in the use of barbiturate drugs, the use of several drugs in combination in self-poisoning rose disturbingly. Five patients died in hospital; 23 who committed suicide with drugs were not admitted to hospital but were investigated by the Regional Forensic Pathologist.     

IGF2BP2/m6A/ITGA5信号轴调控肾透明细胞增殖和迁移

目的 探讨N6-甲基腺嘌呤(m6A)“识别蛋白”胰岛素样生长因子2 mRNA结合蛋白2(IGF2BP2)在肾透明细胞癌(ccRCC)中的潜在作用。 方法 通过分析癌症基因数据库(TCGA)、采用qRT-PCR法和Western blotting法检测IGF2BP2在肾癌中的表达水平,甲基化RNA免疫沉淀qPCR结合生物信息学鉴定整合素α5(ITGA5)mRNA的m6A修饰。采用基因敲低/过表达技术,采用qRT-PCR和Western blotting法检测IGF2BP2对ITGA5表达调控的作用。通过功能性获得和缺失实验确定IGF2BP2和ITGA5对肾癌细胞增殖和迁移的调控。 结果 TCGA肾癌数据库显示,IGF2BP2在肾癌组织中高表达。同时高表达的IGF2BP2不利于患者的整体生存期(HR=1.6,P=0.005)和无病生存期(HR=1.9,P=0.014)。qRT-PCR法以及Western blotting法检测结果显示,IGF2BP2在肾癌组织中高表达。Western blotting检测结果显示,正常肾上皮细胞中IGF2BP2的表达低于其他几种肾癌细胞系。基因集合富集分析(GSEA)发现ITGA5可能是IGF2BP2下游靶分子。进一步通过敲除或者过表达发现,IGF2BP2在转录后水平调控ITGA5。甲基化RNA免疫沉淀qPCR发现ITGA5在3'UTR区存在m6A修饰化位点,低m6A修饰可能有助于维持其mRNA的稳定性。 结论 IGF2BP2在肾透明细胞癌中高表达;IGF2BP2不利于肾癌患者的生存预后;IGF2BP2/ m6A/ ITGA5信号轴调控肾癌细胞的增殖、迁移和血管新生。     

Views of hospital staff on the management of hypertension.

A questionnaire concerning the detection and management of hypertension was presented to 265 hospital doctors, 114 medical students and 59 student nurses. Of these 75% were completed. Although only 76% thought that routine measurement was necessary in outpatients, 92% of respondents thought that blood pressure (BP) should be measured routinely in all in-patients. A total of 17% of all doctors and 11% of physicians indicated that they would not use drug treatment until the diastolic BP exceeded 105 mmHg. Thirty-four per cent of respondents still use diastolic phase IV and 84% felt that BP should be measured 2-4 times before deciding on treatment but the posture of the patient (lying, sitting or standing) during recording was inconsistent. Seventy-seven per cent of respondents indicated that they recorded BP to the nearest 5 mmHg and 4% to the nearest 10 mmHg. Despite the literature on the subject, there are still widely differing opinions amongst medical staff on how to record BP and at what level it should be treated.