经颅多普勒检查对脑梗死后眩晕患者的诊断意义

目的：观察脑梗死后眩晕患者的颈动脉形态和血液动力学改变。方法：经颅多普勒超声（TCD）检测脑梗死后眩晕患者（观察组,42例）的颈动脉形态、斑块、平均血流速度（Vm）、搏动指数（PI）和阻力指数（RI）,并与脑梗死后无眩晕患者（对照组,40例）进行对比。结果：观察组颈动脉Ⅰ级狭窄者与对照组比无统计学意义,颈动脉Ⅱ、Ⅲ级狭窄者明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）;脑血管Vm下降速度,PI和RI增高与对照组比有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。两组斑块内无回声及弱回声区面积占斑块面积的百分比均值分别为（49．6±13．6）％及（22．1±7．5）％。结论：TCD可了解脑血管血液动力学改变,安全元创伤。有助于脑梗死后眩晕的诊断和防治。     

短暂性脑缺血发作与颈动脉粥样硬化的相关性研究

目的 用彩色多普勒超声（CDFI）观察短暂性脑缺血发作（TIA）患者颈动脉形态及血流动力学改变。方法用彩色多普勒超声观察了40例TIA患者颈动脉形态、结构和动力学改变,并与性别、年龄相匹配的40例缝康人对照。结果TIA患者颈动脉内-中膜厚度较对照组明显增厚、内膜面粗糙,发现斑块25例,占62．5％．而对照组8例,占20％。同时发现TIA组平均血流速度减慢,搏动指数和阻力指数增高,血流量下降,提示TIA患者存在明显的颈动脉硬化。结论彩色多普勒检查可作为TIA病因诊断的一项无创伤性手段。     

彩色多普勒超声诊断椎动脉病变的分析

目的应用彩色多普勒观察椎动脉病变的形态结构及血流动力学变化.方法采用彩色多普勒超声诊断仪,探头7.5 MH2检测63例椎动脉病变的内径、收缩期峰值(MAX)、舒张期峰值(MIN)、搏动指数(PI)、阻力指数(RI)、有关血流参数及形态结构的变化.结果椎动脉弯曲较多,其次为狭窄,管腔内粥样斑块形成导致血流速度不同程序的减慢.结论颈部椎动脉形态与结构的改变是引起血流动力学改变的基础.椎动脉内血流速度减慢导致了椎基底动脉供血不足.     

视网膜静脉阻塞与颈动脉形态及血流动力学的相关研究

目的：通过颈部血管彩色超声检查结果分析颈动脉形态及血流动力学改变与视网膜静脉阻塞(retinal vein occlusion, RVO) 之间的相关性。 方法：病例对照研究。选取2017年6月至2018年12月在内蒙古医科大学附属医院就诊并住院治疗的视网膜静脉阻塞患者约55例,对照组40例40眼为我院同期健康体检者。对两组患者进行颈部血管彩超检查。采用SPSS 21.0软件进行统计分析,计数资料的比较采用x2检验,在理论频数小于1时,则率检验采用Fisher''s确切概率法;使用Logistic线性回归分析颈总动脉内膜－中层厚度、颈内动脉阻力指数与视网膜静脉阻塞疾病的相关性分析。 结果：55例视网膜静脉阻塞(RVO)患者的风险因素依次为高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症、高同型半胱氨酸血症、青光眼;两组患者的颈动脉粥样斑块发生率分别为56.4%和12.5%（P＜0.001）,RVO组颈动脉狭窄3例,狭窄率为5.5%,对照组无颈动脉狭窄;两组平均颈内动脉阻力指数(RI)为0.65±0.19和0.63±0.05,两组比较无显著差异（P＞0.05）;两组颈总动脉内膜－中层厚度为0.83±0.16和0.70±0.14（P＜0.001）。 结论：视网膜静脉阻塞与颈动脉粥样斑块形成及颈动脉狭窄存在相关性;眼部症状有时是颈动脉狭窄的首发症状,因此及时对颈动脉形态及血流动力学进行监测,对预防其他相关疾病的发生有重要参考意义。     

经直肠彩色多普勒超声对直肠肿瘤的诊断价值

目的 :探讨彩色多普勒血流显像 (CDFI)诊断直肠肿瘤血流动力学的量化指标。方法 :分折比较直肠肿瘤与正常直肠组织的CDFI声像图。结果 :收缩期峰值血流速度 (PSV )、舒张末期最低血流速度 (EDV) ,各组间差异不显著 (P >0 .0 5 )。直肠正常组 94.6% ( 70 /74)为 0级血流 ,RI 0 .75± 0 .0 8;良性肿瘤 83 .3 % ( 5 /6)为Ⅰ级血流 ,阻力指数 (RI) 0 .68± 0 .0 5 ;直肠癌组 98.5 % ( 67/68)为Ⅱ～Ⅲ级血流 ,RI 0 .5 5± 0 .0 4,正常组与肿瘤组两组间差异具有非常显著意义 (P <0 .0 1) ;用百分位数求得RI≤ 0 .63为正常直肠与直肠肿瘤的临界值。结论 :血流分级程度≥Ⅰ级和RI≤ 0 .63可作为CDFI诊断直肠肿瘤的量化指标     

短暂性脑缺血发作患者颈动脉内-中膜变化和脑血流动力学

目的:探讨短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)患者颈动脉斑块发生率、颈动脉内-中膜厚度(IMT)、颈动脉系TIA患者脑血流动力学的变化.方法:对72例TIA 患者行颈部血管多谱勒超声检查,记录颈总动脉IMT、颈动脉斑块发生情况并对斑块进行分级.颈动脉系TIA患者同时行脑血流动力学的检查,按斑块分级不同记录脑血流动力学指标的变化.结果:TIA患者颈动脉斑块发生率较正常对照组升高,颈总动脉IMT较正常对照组明显增厚,斑块大小和颈总动脉IMT呈正相关.颈动脉系TIA患者脑血流动力学指标:平均血流量、动脉顺应性较对照组下降;外周阻力、临界压力较对照组升高,和斑块大小分级有关.结论:(1)TIA患者颈动脉斑块发生率高,IMT增厚明显;(2)颈动脉系TIA患者存在着脑血流动力学的改变.(3)颈动脉斑块与IMT、脑血流动力学的改变有关.     

颈动脉结构及血流动力学变化与缺血性脑血管病的相关性研究

目的:研究颈动脉结构以及血流动力学参数变化与缺血性脑血管病(ICD)之间的关系.方法:收集ICD患者104例,42例脑梗死患者(脑梗死组),62例短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)患者(TIA组),同期健康志愿者40例(对照组),三组均接受彩色多普勒超声检查,比较分析各组的颈动脉结构特征与血流动力学参数变化.结果:脑梗死组的IMT及斑块检出率显著高于TIA组及对照组(P＜0.05),但TIA组与对照组间无明显差异(P＞0.05);TIA组的EDV及PSV低于脑梗死组与对照组,RI高于脑梗死组及对照组,脑梗死组的Q值低于TIA组及对照组(P＜0.05).结论:检查颈动脉结构以及血流动力学参数变化对于ICD的早期诊断与鉴别具有重要价值.     

急性脑卒中患者颈动脉斑块超声表现

目的探讨急性脑卒中患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的超声形态学表现以及探讨不同超声形态学表现的诊断价值。方法对所有入选受检者进行多层螺旋CT或磁共振(MRI)检查、常规颈动脉超声检查、彩色多普勒血流显像(CDFI)、超声造影技术(CEUS)的影像学资料进行回顾性分析;所入选病例组患者在发病2天内完成上述影像学检查,对照组受检者也在2天内完成上述影像学检查。结果常规超声发现病例组颈动脉斑块45处、对照组11处;CDFI发现病例组颈动脉斑块远端血流频谱改变35例、对照组11例;超声造影发现颈动脉斑粥样硬化斑块处毛细血管现象病例组15例、对照组2例。斑块表面形态以及内部回声分布情况两项结果与对照组比较差异有统计学意义。结论脑卒中患者与无症状颈动脉硬化受检者的斑块超声声像图中,斑块表面形态以及内部回声分布两项指标具有明显的鉴别诊断意义。提示表面不光整、内部回声分布不均匀的斑块导致急性脑卒中的可能性较大。     

老年短暂性脑缺血患者颈动脉结构与血流动力学参数对认知功能的影响

目的：探讨老年短暂性脑缺血(TIA)患者颈动脉结构与血流动力学参数对认知功能的影响。方法48例老年TIA患者均接受超声检查,并接受简易精神状态检查(MMSE)评分及威斯康星卡片分类测验(WCST)评测。根据患者颈动脉狭窄程度将其分为无狭窄-轻度狭窄组(32例)及中重度狭窄组(16例),观察患者颈动脉狭窄及血流动力学指标,比较不同程度颈动脉狭窄患者MMSE评分及WCST各项指标的差异。结果(1)无狭窄-轻度狭窄者血流速度(PSV)显著高于中重度狭窄者,搏动指数(PI)、阻力指数(RI)显著低于中重度狭窄者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);(2)无狭窄-轻度狭窄者MMSE评分为(27.65±7.86)分,显著高于中重度狭窄者的(24.56±6.54)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);WCST各项指标比较,无狭窄-轻度狭窄者完成分类数、概念化水平显著高于WCST中重度狭窄者,错误应答数、持续性错误数及持续性应答数显著低于中重度狭窄者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);(3)颈动脉狭窄程度与MMSE评分存在显著负相关(r=-0.393,P<0.05),与WCST指标持续性应答数间存在显著正相关(r=0.423,P<0.05)。血流动力学指标PSV与MMSE评分存在显著负相关(r=-0.411,P<0.05),与WCST指标持续性应答数间存在显著正相关(r=0.402,-0.05)。结论老年TIA颈动脉狭窄及血流动力学指标与其认知功能间关系密切,颈动脉狭窄程度越重,血流动力学指标改变越明显,患者认知功能障碍越严重。     

颈动脉斑块的生长与血流动力学参数以及内中膜厚度之间的关系研究

目的:分析颈总动脉(CCA)斑块的生长与血流动力学参数以及动脉内中膜厚度(IMT)之间的关系。方法:选取在镇平县人民医院、河南电力医院行颈动脉彩色多普勒超声检查的17 763例受检者,按检查结果分为CCA有斑块与无斑块组、IMT增厚与正常组,对比各组之间的血流动力学参数:收缩期峰值流速(PSV)、舒张末期流速(EDV)、搏动指数(PI)、阻力指数(RI)以及收缩期峰值流速和舒张末期流速比值(PSV/EDV)。结果:颈总动脉斑块形成以及IMT增厚均以双侧受累最常见,单侧表现为左侧多于右侧。相对于CCA无斑块组和IMT正常组,CCA有斑块组和IMT增厚组的PSV、EDV显著降低而PI、RI及PSV/EDV显著增高;同时单侧斑块形成或单侧IMT增厚组的PSV、EDV显著高于双侧斑块形成或双侧IMT增厚组,而PI、RI及PSV/EDV均显著低于双侧斑块形成或IMT增厚组,均P<0.05。结论:颈动脉斑块生长与IMT增厚均以双侧受累最为常见,且双侧颈动脉均有斑块形成和IMT增厚时,血流动力学参数的改变最为明显。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.