应用非骨水泥髋臼或金属髋臼支架行髋关节翻修术的临床研究

目的 评估非骨水泥髋臼及金属髋臼支架加植骨修复髋臼骨缺损的效果.方法 我院自2001年9月至2008年9月应用髋臼翻修支架行髋关节翻修术22例(24髋).其中Lima非骨水泥人工翻修髋臼2例(2髋),Kerboull 支架2例(2髋),GAP 髋臼翻修支架18例(20髋).男性6例(6髋),女性16例(18髋).平均年龄62岁(34～79岁).感染性松动2例(2髋),无菌松动20例(22髋).平均随访时间48个月(18～84个月),对其进行临床和影像学评估.Harris评分术前平均为56分(44～75分).结果 末次随访时22例患者Harris评分平均为89分(78～94分).优良率为95.5%(21/22).三种髋臼翻修支架的外展角满意,髋臼旋转中心基本得到了重建.髋臼翻修支架及其聚氯乙烯臼无明显移位,假体周围无透亮线,髋臼植骨愈合良好.结论 应用非骨水泥髋臼或髋臼支架修复髋臼侧巨大骨缺损,重建了髋臼正常旋转中心、提供了翻修假体的初期稳定性、避免了所植骨在血管化时期的过度机械负重,是翻修髋臼巨大骨缺损的可靠方法.     

辐照深冻异体骨打压植骨在髋臼翻修中的应用

目的 研究辐照深冻异体骨用于髋臼翻修中严重骨缺损的打压植骨重建的临床效果.方法 2006年2月至2009年1月髋关节翻修术中共有20例21髋应用打压植骨技术结合金属网重建严重髋臼侧骨缺损,18例19髋获得随访.患者翻修时平均年龄为64.4岁(43～81岁).采用Paprosky分型,本组患者均有髋臼骨缺损,其中PaproskyⅡB型4髋,PaproskyⅡC型8髋,PaproskyⅢA型5髋,PaproskyⅢB型2髋.手术用金属网修复髋臼节段性缺损,采用辐照深冻同种异体颗粒骨打压植骨结合骨水泥臼杯完成髋臼翻修.患者术后定期进行影像学和临床评估,观察手术前后髋关节Harris评分变化,假体移位松动及异体骨骨整合情况,及术中、术后并发症等.术前Harris评分平均42.5分(31～56分).术前疼痛评分平均14.4分(10～20分).结果 患者平均随访时间22.4个月(12～48个月).术后Harris评分提高到88.6分(82～96分).术后疼痛评分提高至平均42.3分(40～44分).并发症:术后感染1例,经清创愈合.股神经损伤1例,术后1年随访时已恢复正常.1例患者术后出现股骨近端外侧皮质吸收,大粗隆骨折.有1例Paprosky ⅢB型患者出现金属网及髋臼杯明显移位等影像学松动表现,其余18髋的髋臼假体稳定,未发现臼杯在垂直和水平方向大于1 mm的移位,也未发现髋臼假体外展角的改变;植骨层和宿主骨床可见连续骨小梁通过、移植骨与周围骨床骨密度趋向一致等骨整合表现.结论 金属网与打压植骨及骨水泥髋臼技术联合应用能有效地完成髋臼的生物学翻修.辐照深冻异体骨用于打压植骨能与周围骨床很好的整合.     

全髋关节翻修术中髋臼骨缺损的重建

目的探讨全髋关节置换术（THA）后，翻修术中髋臼骨缺损重建的方法及疗效。方法对81例（84髋）在THA翻修术中处理的髋臼骨缺损患者进行回顾性分析，根据AAOS分型法，Ⅰ型7髋，Ⅱ型56髋，Ⅲ型17髋，Ⅳ型4髋。分别采用大直径非骨水泥假体臼、非骨水泥假体臼＋松质颗粒植骨、骨水泥假体臼＋Cage＋松质颗粒植骨和骨水泥假体臼＋定制型假体＋松质颗粒植骨等方法，对不同类型骨缺损的患者进行修复。术后定期随访，采用Harris方法评估髋关节功能，根据X线片判断假体是否有松动，移植骨是否愈合。结果对本组患者进行术后随访，平均随访45个月（13～118个月）。术后Harris评分平均86．2分，较术前平均改善40．6分。2髋因脱位需进行再翻修，其余效果良好，X线片无假体松动下沉，可见移植骨一宿主骨交界处有连续性小梁骨通过。结论在THA翻修术中，大部分髋臼骨缺损可使用较大型号非骨水泥假体或加松质颗粒植骨进行修复；对于影响假体稳定性的较大缺损，使用骨水泥假体臼＋Cage＋松质颗粒植骨的方法可获得良好效果；定制型假体在处理严重髋臼骨缺损中有独特优势，具有良好的临床应用前景。     

Charnley型人工全髋置换术后10年以上随访的X线分析

目的:通过对骨水泥固定的Charnley型人工全髋置换术患者10年以上X线随访,探讨骨水泥型人工全髋的固定效果、松动及影响寿命的因素等.方法:获得10年以上随访的38例45髋作为研究对象,平均随访14.6年.X线包括术后及最后随访时髋关节正侧位片.结果:髋臼假体松动有24髋(53%),其中明显松动(definite loosening)14髋(13%),可能松动(possible loosening)10髋(22%).臼杯磨损共35髋(78%),平均磨损率为0.123mm/年;股骨假体柄松动有12髋(27%),其中明显松动8髋(18%),可能松动4髋(9%).假体柄周围骨溶解18髋(40%).本组45髋中8髋(18%)行翻修术,其中4髋因髋臼假体松动单纯髋臼假体翻修,其余4例行髋臼和股骨假体全部翻修.结论:骨水泥固定的Charnley型人工全髋置换术后10年以上长期随访结果,股骨假体的固定效果较好,但髋臼假体的固定效果并不满意.聚乙烯臼杯磨损不可避免,作为人工关节材料,聚乙烯对金属的关节组合应重新考虑.采用改良的骨水泥固定方法对人工全髋假体的早期稳定性和长期寿命非常重要.从髋臼假体的固定效果来看,金属臼(metal shell)假体的非骨水泥固定效果优于聚乙烯臼的骨水泥固定效果.     

病灶清除颗粒骨植骨治疗全髋关节置换术后髋臼周围骨溶解

目的 探讨全髋关节置换（THA)术后髋臼周围骨溶解的治疗方法及疗效.方法 对24例(24髋)THA术后髋臼周围骨溶解行骨溶解病灶清除、同种异体颗粒骨植骨、更换高交联聚乙烯内衬和股骨头假体.14例（14髋）髋臼杯稳定保留金属臼杯;2例（2髋）髋臼杯稳定卡环损坏,被迫取出稳定臼杯,行非骨水泥型髋臼杯翻修术;8例（8髋）髋臼杯松动行髋臼翻修术.采用Harris评分评价髋关节功能.通过X线片观察假体是否松动和移植骨愈合情况.结果 23例获得随访,1例失访,平均随访16个月（10～45个月）.Harris评分由术前(58±23)分（17～86分）,提高到末次随访时(92±12)分（80～98分）,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).术后无感染、脱位、静脉血栓形成等.X线片显示髋臼假体无松动和异位骨化,可见移植骨-宿主骨交界处有连续性骨小梁通过.结论 保留髋臼杯积极进行骨溶解病灶清除,同种异体颗粒骨植骨,更换聚乙烯内衬和股骨头假体可阻断骨溶解的进展;髋臼翻修,同种异体颗粒骨植骨,短期随访示移植骨愈合、髋臼杯稳定,临床效果满意.     

骨小梁金属臼杯在金属-骨界面间隙再填充的影像学评价

目的 根据影像学对骨小梁金属臼杯(TM)在金属与骨界面间隙的再填充能力进行评估.方法 2006年7月至2007年7月,我院共35例患者(40髋)采用TM组合式臼杯(TM)行全髋关节置换术.其中男性16例(20髋),女性19例(20髋),双侧5例;年龄41～71岁,平均53岁.股骨头坏死18髋,骨性关节炎(包括髋臼发育不良或合并髋关节脱位)16髋,股骨颈骨折继发股骨头坏死4髋,强直性脊柱炎2髋.40髋均采用后外侧入路.所有假体尺寸标号与最后髋臼锉尺寸相同,这样在髋臼入口平面假体有2 mm的压配.以上病例均无螺钉辅助固定,术后即刻拍摄髋关节正位X线片,并在术后2、6、12、24周及12个月分别进行临床及影像学分析.术前Harris评分50.5分(32.0～85.0分).影像学评估采用标准骨盆X线片,为了准确评估及描述假体与骨之间的关系及反应,将髋臼在骨盆X线片上分为5个区域(A、B、C、D、E).结果 术后32例患者(37髋)获得随访,随访时间平均8.7个月(7.0～12.0个月).术后Harris评分平均91.0分(72.0～100.0分),其中优29髋,良6髋,中2髋,优良率94.6%.4例患者出现下肢不等长(1～2 cm),3例发生中等程度大腿痛,经保守治疗缓解.无一例发生术侧髋关节感染和脱位等并发症.21例患者(23髋)在X线片上测量出TM臼杯与骨之间的间隙为1～5 mm大小不等.大部分间隙发生在B区,其次为C和D区.间隙在BC区交界处多于CD区交界处.术后24周拍摄X线片,发现以上所有间隙均消失,TM臼杯未发生任何移位.所有X线片均未见假体周围透亮带,骨溶解或骨吸收等表现.结论 骨小梁金属臼杯具有很强的骨传导特性和骨诱导作用.     

Zweymuller螺旋臼假体治疗类风湿关节炎股骨头中心性脱位的临床研究

目的探讨使用Zweymuller螺旋臼假体治疗类风湿关节炎（RA）髋臼骨缺损中股骨头中心性脱位的临床疗效。方法 自2004年6月至2009年10月,26例（27髋）RA髋臼中心性脱位患者,其中男3例（4髋）,女23例（23髋）,平均年龄52岁（37～62岁）,使用螺旋臼治疗,术中有4例行髋臼底部植骨。结果 平均随访6个月～6年3个月,术前Harris评分30.5分,术后平均84分,术后均未发现假体松动,1例出现假体早期感染,予以抗生素治疗6周后好转。结论 RA股骨头中心性脱位使用Zweymuller螺旋臼治疗,可以或不需在臼底植骨,中期稳定性良好。     

THA翻修术中髋臼骨缺损的处理策略

目的探讨全髋关节置换术（THA）翻修术中髋臼骨缺损重建的方法及疗效。方法回顾1999年6月至2007年5月,在THA翻修术中处理的髋臼骨缺损112例（117髋）。根据Saleh KJ的改良分型法,Ⅰ型缺损14髋、Ⅱ型缺损26髋、Ⅲ型缺损47髋、Ⅵ型缺损16髋、Ⅴ型缺损14髋。分别采用大直径非骨水泥假体臼、非骨水泥假体臼＋松质颗粒植骨、骨水泥假体臼＋Cage＋松质颗粒植骨和骨水泥假体臼＋定制型假体＋松质颗粒植骨,对不同类型骨缺损进行修复。术后定期随访,采用Harris方法评估髋关节功能,根据X线片判断假体是否有松动,移植骨是否愈合。结果随访时间平均45（13～118）个月。除4髋因脱位或假体周围骨折进行再翻修外,其余效果良好。术后Harris评分平均86.2分,较术前平均改善40.6分。X线片无假体松动下沉,可见移植骨-宿主骨交界处有连续性小梁骨通过。结论在THA翻修术中,大部分髋臼骨缺损可使用较大型号非骨水泥假体或加松质颗粒植骨进行修复;对于影响假体稳定性的较大缺损,使用骨水泥假体臼＋Cage＋松质颗粒植骨的方法可获得良好效果;定制型假体在处理严重髋臼骨缺损中有具独特优势,有良好的临床应用前景。     

CroweⅣ型髋关节发育不良全髋关节置换术前计算机辅助设计

目的 探索采用计算机辅助技术,对接受全髋关节置换(total hip arthroplasty,THA)的CroweⅣ型髋关节发育不良患者进行术前评估,确定髋臼大小、骨缺损程度,并在此基础上辅助手术设计、假体选择及骨缺损修复.方法 2011年3月至10月,共10例(13髋)CroweⅣ型高位脱位髋关节发育不良患者接受THA治疗.患者均为女性;年龄32～74岁,平均42岁.所有患者术前行髋关节三维CT扫描,然后将扫描数据输入Superlmage软件重建骨盆及髋臼.重建后在不同角度精确评估真臼位置,测量真臼大小及前后柱厚度,评估骨缺损程度;将髋臼试模、骨缺损修复材料(钽金属垫块)按1:1大小扫描输入计算机系统,进行术前模拟安放,确定髋臼假体大小、安放位置;髋臼假体安放后评估遗留的骨缺损,确定骨缺损修复材料,进行骨缺损修复模拟测试.结果 9例(12髋)术中实际安放髋臼假体型号与术前计算机辅助设计一致,1例(1髋)假体型号较术前设计大一号.所有患者髋臼安放位置与术前计划一致,均安放于真臼.髋臼骨缺损修复按术前设计:4髋因髋臼顶部骨缺损明显(臼顶部骨性覆盖＜70％),采用钽金属垫块修复骨缺损,以增强髋臼的稳定性;7髋采用Harris法自体股骨头植骨修复骨缺损;2髋髋臼杯植入后臼顶覆盖可,术中未植骨.结论 对CroweⅣ型髋关节发育不良者行计算机辅助下THA术前设计,有助于术前精确评估真臼发育情况、大小及髋臼骨缺损,提高手术治疗精确性.     

先髋臼杯在成人髋关节发育不良全髋关节置换术中的疗效观察

目的 :探讨先髋臼杯在全髋关节置换术(THR)治疗CroweⅡ型成人髋关节发育不良(DDH)的早期疗效。方法:自2001年9月至2013年7月,采用先髋臼杯对18例(18髋)CroweⅡ型DDH患者行THR,其中男13例,女5例;年龄42~60岁,平均47.6岁;病程9~22年,平均13.5年。术前患者均有髋关节疼痛,肢体短缩,髋关节功能受限。术前1 d及术后12个月分别进行Harris髋关节评分;术后1周对髋臼假体覆盖率进行影像学评价。结果:术后18例(18髋)获得随访,时间12~24个月,平均17个月。手术切口均Ⅰ期愈合。术后无深静脉血栓、髋关节脱位、感染及假体松动等并发症发生,随访期内无需要手术翻修病例。术后1周X线片示髋臼假体覆盖率均大于80%。Harris评分由术前的42.67±5.06分提高到术后12个月的94.79±3.27(t=-45.269,P0.001)。结论:对CroweⅡ型DDH患者,采用先髋臼杯进行THR,可获得较高的髋臼假体覆盖率及满意的早期临床疗效。     

Clinical analysis of osteonecrosis of the femoral head induced by steroids

Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) induced by steroids. Methods: From January 2000 to October 2009, 497 hips in 270 cases of ONFH induced by steroids were studied. A questionnaire was administered when the patients were admitted; the questions concerned the underlying disease, duration of steroid usage, total dosage of steroid, incubation period (time interval between commencement of steroid therapy and onset of pain), severity of pain, location of initial complaint, primary diagnosis, time lag from onset of pain to final diagnosis and physical signs when admitted. The correlations between pain and Association Research Circulation Osseous (ARCO) stage, bone marrow edema (BME) and lesion size were analyzed. Results: The median of time between commencing steroid medication and developing ONFH for the 269 cases was 18 months (range, 2–384 months). 78.82% cases presented with pain within three years of steroid initiation, only 10.41% patients first complained of pain six or more years after commencing steroid therapy. Fifty‐six cases (20.82%) were misdiagnosed, lumbar disorders being the most frequent misdiagnoses. 79.29% of symptomatic hips presented with abnormal physical tests. Of 420 symptomatic hips, 166 hips were type C1, 223 hips type C2; 299 hips had collapsed; and there was BME in 209 hips. Conclusion: Most patients with ONFH induced by steroids complained of pain within 3 years of commencing steroid therapy. Pain was associated with lesion size, collapse and BME. Atypical location of pain, failure to perform a physical examination and MRI findings were the main causes of misdiagnoses.     

全髋置换与带血运骨瓣移植在治疗中晚期股骨头缺血性坏死的疗效比较

目的 比较带血运骨瓣移植术和全髋关节置换术治疗中晚期股骨头缺血性坏死的优缺点及临床疗效。方法 1986年7月。1991年1月间,作者采用带血运骨瓣移植术和全髋关节置换术治疗中晚期股骨头缺血性坏死患者81例89髋,通过追踪复查、问卷调查等手段共收集59例64髋患者的相应临床资料。其中采用带血运骨瓣移植术治疗36髋,全髋关节置换术治疗28髋。结果 随访时间12年3个月～16年7个月,平均15年4个月。术后早期Harris评分全髋组优于骨瓣组;后期Harris评分低龄骨瓣组及高龄全髋组相对较高,而再次手术率则相对较低。结论 对于中晚期股骨头缺血性坏死,带血运骨瓣移植术适合于年轻患者;全髋关节置换术适合于高龄患者。     

Long-term survivorship analysis of cemented total hip replacement (THR) after avascular necrosis of the femoral head in renal transplant recipients.

BACKGROUND: We studied the long-term survival and the rate of revision of 93 consecutive total hip replacements (THRs) performed for avascular necrosis of the femoral head after renal transplantation from 1971 to 1988. Seventy-four were primary procedures while 19 hips had undergone previous surgery procedures on the same hip in the form of other conservative options. METHODS: The patients of mean age of 38 years were analysed by the Kaplan-Meier method with revision for any reason as the end-point. The follow-up period averaged 216 months (range 1-332). RESULTS: Thirteen hips were revised while 26 patients (36 hips) died during the follow-up period. The cumulative survival of the implant was 98.8% at 10 years and 63.8% at 20 years. CONCLUSIONS: Cemented THR performed after renal transplantation is satisfactory and, at least for the first 10 post-operative years, the results are equivalent to those obtained in the general population with primary osteoarthritis.     

Late peri-prosthetic femoral fracture as a major mode of failure in uncemented primary hip replacement

Peri-prosthetic femoral fracture after total hip replacement (THR) is associated with a poor outcome and high mortality. However, little is known about its long-term incidence after uncemented THR. We retrospectively reviewed a consecutive series of 326 patients (354 hips) who had received a CLS Spotorno replacement with an uncemented, straight, collarless tapered titanium stem between January 1985 and December 1989. The mean follow-up was 17 years (15 to 20). The occurrence of peri-prosthetic femoral fracture during follow-up was noted. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to estimate the cumulative incidence of fracture. At the last follow-up, 86 patients (89 hips) had died and eight patients (eight hips) had been lost to follow-up. A total of 14 fractures in 14 patients had occurred. In ten hips, the femoral component had to be revised and in four the fracture was treated by open reduction and internal fixation. The cumulative incidence of peri-prosthetic femoral fracture was 1.6% (95% confidence interval 0.7 to 3.8) at ten years and 4.5% (95% confidence interval 2.6 to 8.0) at 17 years after the primary THR. There was no association between the occurrence of fracture and gender or age at the time of the primary replacement. Our findings indicate that peri-prosthetic femoral fracture is a significant mode of failure in the long term after the insertion of an uncemented CLS Spotorno stem. Revision rates for this fracture rise in the second decade. Further research is required to investigate the risk factors involved in the occurrence of late peri-prosthetic femoral fracture after the implantation of any uncemented stem, and to assess possible methods of prevention.     

非骨水泥半髋关节置换术治疗老年不稳定股骨转子间骨折

 目的 探讨应用APL柄非骨水泥半髋关节置换术治疗老年不稳定性股骨转子间骨折的近期疗效。方法 选择2008 年7 月至2011 年12 月实施APL 柄人工半髋关节置换术治疗老年不稳定性股骨转子间骨折患者26 例。男10 例, 女16 例;年龄75~94岁, 平均82.5 岁。骨折分类按Evans-Jensen分型: II型16 例, III型10 例。结果 手术时间48~72 min, 平均56 min;术中出血240~600 ml, 平均360ml。围手术期死亡患者1 例, 随访期间死亡患者2 例。其余23 例患者术后随访12~42 个月, 平均21.5 个月。术后2~3 周, 患者可借助支具下床活动。术后3 个月, 21 例患者平衡和行走能力已基本恢复至伤前水平, 生活能自理。未出现髋臼磨损及股骨假体松动、下沉等手术相关并发症。脑梗死、下肢深静脉血栓各1 例;泌尿系统感染2 例;1 例患者因长期应用激素, 术后2 年出现局部皮肤破溃;2 例患者出现异位骨化。关节功能按Harris 评价标准: 优12 例, 良10 例, 可1 例。结论 应用APL柄非骨水泥固定半髋关节置换术治疗老年不稳定性股骨转子间骨折可以使患者摆脱因骨折愈合而卧床时间较长的困扰, 早期下床活动, 提高生活质量。     

带血管蒂骨瓣转移治疗双侧股骨头缺血性坏死的疗效分析

背景：非创伤性股骨头缺血性坏死（ONFH）常双侧发病,治疗更加困难,采用保留股骨头的治疗方法较为理想。目前,采用带血管蒂骨瓣转移治疗双侧ONFH疗效的报道甚少。 目的：探讨应用带血管蒂髂骨瓣转移治疗双侧ONFH的早中期临床疗效。 方法：2009年1月至2010年12月共收治双侧ONFH患者22例44髋,男10例,女12例;年龄22~41岁,平均32.6岁;体重指数（BMI）16.5~30,平均23.9。按ARCO分期标准分为：Ⅱb期9髋,Ⅱc期14髋,Ⅲa期8髋,Ⅲb期5髋,Ⅲc期8髋。术中所取血管蒂均为旋股外侧血管升支髂棘支骨瓣转移术。双髋分两次进行手术,手术间隔12~16个月,平均14个月。 结果：随访时间为36~47个月,平均40.3个月,单髋术中失血量200~500 ml,平均358 ml。双侧髋关节术后6个月、12个月的Harris髋关节评分（HHS）均较各自术前有明显提高;双侧髋关节术后相同时间点的HHS评分比较无统计学差异。初次手术侧1髋术后出现切口脂肪液化经换药痊愈,其余均无围手术期并发症。术后根据ARCO分期标准2髋由Ⅲb期病变进展至Ⅲc期;1髋由Ⅲc期进展至Ⅳ期,并于术后14个月进行人工关节置换手术。 结论：应用带血管蒂髂骨瓣转移分两次手术治疗双侧ONFH,合适的手术间隔对初次手术侧功能恢复影响较小,双侧髋关节术后早期临床功能评价较高,是治疗双侧ARCOⅡ~Ⅲ期ONFH的有效方法。     

不同病因股骨头坏死的临床特征分析

目的 探讨股骨头坏死的病因构成及临床特征.方法 对2000年1月至2008年8月收治的股骨头坏死患者602例(1036髋)进行回顾性分析,统计病因的构成比、发病年龄、诱因至出现症状时间、ARCO分期及误诊率.结果 激素性股骨头坏死280例(518髋),男160例,女120例;平均年龄(35.58±10.87)岁;服用激素至出现症状时间为(25.95±34.94)个月;37例被误诊;确诊时ARCO分期平均(2.48±0.76)级.酒精性股骨头坏死194例(346髋),男193例,女1例;平均年龄(41.55±9.09)岁;饮酒至出现症状时间为(183.68±86.17)个月;55例被误诊;确诊时ARCO分期平均(2.69±0.67)级.创伤性股骨头坏死52例(52髋),男25例,女27例;平均年龄(41.63±15.84)岁;受伤至出现症状时间为(24.13±27.85)个月;无误诊病例;确诊时ARCO分期平均(2.90±0.77)级.特发性股骨头坏死52例(77髋),男30例,女22例;平均年龄(40.87±14.24)岁;14例被误诊;确诊时ARCO分期平均(2.55±0.77)级.酒精+激素性股骨头坏死19例(36髋),均为男性;平均年龄(40.42±11.64)岁;5例被误诊;确诊时ARCO分期平均(2.61±0.63)级.结论 创伤性股骨头坏死出现症状时的ARCO分期较晚,很少被误诊.服用激素是股骨头坏死的主要原因,发病年龄相对较轻,误诊率较低.酒精性股骨头坏死多发生于男性.     

Clinical and radiological outcomes of treatment of avascular necrosis of the femoral head using autologous osteochondral transfer (mosaicplasty). Preliminary report

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical and radiological outcomes of autologous osteochondral transfer (OATS) for femoral head osteonecrosis.

Methods

Twenty-one hips in 20 patients (one woman and 19 men), average patients' age at the time of surgery of 35.4 (range 20–56) years, were treated with OATS for osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). Seven patients at pre-collapse ARCO stages IIA and IIB were treated with OATS alone. Thirteen patients with large pre-collapse ARCO IIC and post-collapse ARCO III and IV were treated with OATS and morselised bone allografts (OATS/allograft). Harris hip score (HHS) was used for clinical evaluation of outcomes; X-rays were performed to examine the evolution of the disease. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to determine the failure of the procedures with conversion to THR defined as endpoint.

Results

Follow-up of patients treated with OATS alone was 46.14 (range 18–75) months with HHS improvement from a preoperative mean of 42 to 87.85 points at the latest follow-up examination. Only one patient in this group needed a revision operation with THR. The survival for this group of patients was 85.71 % at four years. Follow-up of patients treated with AOTS/allograft was 32.7 (range 7–84) months with HHS improvement from a preoperative mean of 35.2 to 65.7 points at the latest follow-up examination. One patient died six months after the surgery. There were five conversions to THR because of femoral head collapse in this group of patients with survival of 61.54 % at three years.

Conclusion

The use of osteochondral grafts offers the possibility of successful treatment for ONFH at small and medium pre-collapse stages. The outcomes of large pre-collapse and post-collapse stages were below our expectations. OATS is a time buying procedure for young patients as it may defer total hip replacement.     

Uncemented ceramic-on-ceramic THA in adults with osteonecrosis of the femoral head

Advanced osteonecrosis of the femoral head is increasingly treated with uncemented total hip arthroplasty (THA), particularly in the younger population. While early outcomes appear promising, little is known about the optimum bearing surface in this patient subpopulation. The goal of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiological outcomes of uncemented ceramic-on-ceramic THA in young adults with osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Twenty-four consecutive patients (24 hips) with osteonecrosis of the femoral head and 24 patients (24 hips) with osteoarthritis were treated with an uncemented ceramic-on-ceramic THA. Mean patient age for the osteonecrosis group was 46 years and for the osteoarthritis group was 50 years. At a mean follow-up of 34 months, functional improvement was significant in both groups (P<.01). The outcome was good to excellent for 85% of patients (17 hips) in the osteonecrosis group and 90% of patients (19 hips) in the osteoarthritis group. Harris and Oxford Hip scores were significantly better (P<.05) in the osteoarthritis group than in the osteonecrosis group at 6 months postoperatively but at no other assessment visit. Our results suggest that ceramic-on-ceramic THA in osteonecrotic patients produces similar clinical and radiological outcomes to those with osteoarthritis at a minimum 24-month follow-up. Ceramic-on-ceramic uncemented THA is therefore a useful adjunct for the treatment of advanced osteonecrosis of the femoral head.     

Transitional changes in the incidence of hip osteonecrosis among renal transplant recipients

BackgroundImmunosuppressive therapy for renal allograft recipients has changed substantially since the introduction of the anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody, basiliximab. We hypothesized that recent improvements in immunosuppressive treatment may reduce the incidence of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). This study aimed to investigate transitional changes in the incidence of OFNH among renal transplant recipients by MRI.MethodsParticipants comprised 110 patients who had undergone renal transplantation from 2003 to 2012, during which time basiliximab was in regular use at our institute (Recent group), and 232 patients who had undergone RT between 1986 and 2003 (Past group). We compared ONFH incidence between the two groups and evaluated risk factors for ONFH, including immunosuppressants (calcineurin inhibitors, basiliximab, and/or steroids) and postoperative renal function.ResultsIncidence of ONFH was lower in the Recent group (0%) than in the Past group (3.4%; p = 0.043). In the Recent group, age was greater, ABO/human leukocyte antigen incompatibility was worse, while steroid dose was decreased and post-transplant renal function was improved. Cumulative methylprednisolone dose at postoperative week 2 and delayed graft function were identified as risk factors for ONFH.ConclusionRisk of ONFH after renal transplantation has fallen with the advent of regular use of basiliximab, although this agent does not appear to be a factor directly associated with the incidence of ONFH.Study designClinical prognostic study (Level III case control study).