2型糖尿病患者下肢动脉病变的彩色多普勒观察

为探讨彩色多普勒超声对2型糖尿病下肢动脉病变的诊断价值，应用彩色多普勒超声对102例2型糖尿病患者下肢动脉进行检查，并与20例正常组对照，测量血管内一中膜厚度(IMT)、斑块大小、血管内径、血管的内径狭窄率、狭窄口的峰值流速增加率，并观察频谱形态。结果表明，2型糖尿病患者下肢血管病变彩色多普勒超声检出率高于临床表现，并可通过以上指标的测定，对病变程度作出判断，为临床提供定量诊断的依据。     

糖尿病下肢动脉病变的彩色多普勒超声观察

目的:探讨彩色多普勒超声诊断糖尿病下肢动脉病变的价值。材料和方法:应用彩色多普勒超声对76例糖尿病患者(糖尿病组)和30例正常人(对照组)下肢动脉进行检查,观察血管内径、内膜、有无斑块、管腔狭窄或闭塞及血流动力学改变。结果:76例糖尿病患者中有71例下肢动脉有不同程度的硬化,发生率为93.4%;糖尿病组下肢动脉内径、血流速度较对照组明显减少(P<0.01),以足背动脉最明显,腘动脉次之;糖尿病组下肢血管管腔内膜增厚、硬化斑块、狭窄、闭塞的发生率明显高于对照组(P<0.05),其中股动脉斑块发生率最高,足背动脉狭窄发生率最高,闭塞仅见于足背动脉。结论:彩色多普勒超声可显示下肢动脉病变部位、范围、程度,对诊断糖尿病下肢动脉病变有重要价值。     

彩色多普勒超声在2型糖尿病下肢血管病变老年患者中的作用及鉴别诊断意义

目的 探讨彩色多普勒超声诊断2型糖尿病下肢血管病变老年患者的价值.方法 纳入2018年5月至2020年5月收治50例2型糖尿病下肢血管病变老年患者为观察组,同期选择50名健康体检老年患者为对照组研究,均实施彩色多普勒超声检查,分析其诊断结果.结果 ①血管内径:观察组股总动脉(8.71±0.51)mm、股浅动脉(6.72...     

彩色多普勒超声诊断糖尿病及高血压患者下肢动脉硬化的临床意义

目的：探讨彩色多普勒超声对糖尿病患者下肢动脉粥样硬化的诊断价值。方法：应用彩色多普勒超声对97例2型糖尿病患者进行双侧下肢股动脉、腘动脉、胫前动脉、胫后动脉、足背动脉常规检查,并设同期相应年龄的高血压患者84例作为对照组。通过观察上述动脉内-中膜厚度及斑块、闭塞发生情况,对两组患者进行回顾性分析。结果：糖尿病组患者下肢动脉内-中膜增厚发生率、粥样硬化斑块发生率明显高于对照组;糖尿病组下肢血管病变多累及腘动脉以下的远端动脉血管,足背动脉闭塞率显著高于对照组。结论：彩色多普勒超声评价糖尿病患者下肢动脉硬化的部位、范围及程度,对糖尿病患者下肢动脉病变的诊断有重要价值。     

2型糖尿病下肢动脉病变的彩超诊断

下肢血管病变是糖尿病最常见的并发症之一,轻者肢体疼痛、麻木、感觉异常及间歇跛行,重者可出现下肢缺血性坏疽,甚至有截肢危险,下肢动脉栓塞是患者致残的主要原因[1,2],因此对其早期诊断及治疗非常重要。我们对220例糖尿病患者和200例非糖尿病患者的下肢动脉进行彩色多普勒超声检查,探讨彩色多普勒超声在糖尿病下肢血管病变诊断中的价值,为临床早期诊治提供依据。     

彩色多普勒超声对2型糖尿病患者下肢动脉病变诊断价值的研究

糖尿病的血管病变是常见的并发症,也是导致糖尿病患者截肢或死亡的主要原因。彩色多普勒超声对糖尿病患者进行早期下肢动脉血管病变的检测,可有助于对患者合并下肢血管病变的风险性进行评估,从而采取有效的治疗措施。我院采用彩色多普勒超声对2型糖尿病患者下肢动脉病变进行了评价,为临床诊断和治疗提供了基础数据。     

下肢血管介入对糖尿病下肢血管病变合并糖尿病足的临床价值及预后

目的:评价下肢血管介入对糖尿病严重下肢血管病变合并糖尿病足的临床价值及糖尿病足的预后情况。方法:40例2型糖尿病伴严重下肢血管病变并有外科截肢手术指征的患者分为2组:观察组、对照组。观察组行下肢血管成形术 药物治疗 局部换药。对照组采用药物治疗 局部换药。分别在术后5天、30天、60天、90天观察并评价两组患者的临床症状、下肢血管内径及足部溃疡愈合情况。结果:观察组临床症状、下肢血管内径、溃疡愈合情况及截肢率明显好于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:糖尿病下肢血管介入手术治疗效果满意,可以降低患者的病残率。     

糖尿病双下肢血管病变介入治疗的护理循证

目的:讨论糖尿病双下肢血管病变介入治疗的护理循证。方法:将36例糖尿病双下肢血管病变的患者随机分为两组:保守组和治疗组。保守组18例,除控制血糖、抗感染、清疮、换药外,应用东菱克栓酶静脉滴注一疗程后,经多普勒超声观察双下肢血管的变化;治疗组18例,先给予控制血糖、抗感染、有关糖尿病护理等治疗后,分别行病变血管球囊扩张术介入治疗,术后6个月复查血管造影。结果:治疗组患者治疗后当即皮温升高,血液供应明显改善,足背动脉搏动增强。通过对糖尿病患者的护理、控制血糖、局部换药等治疗措施,足部溃疡愈合较快,近期疗效显著。结论:糖尿病双下肢血管病变血管内介入治疗创伤小,安全有效,临床症状改善明显,可重复性强。通过对患者术前准备及护理、术中配合、术后护理及观察,可以缩短住院天数,提高手术成功率以及患者的生活质量,并降低患者的致残率。     

超声检查对2型糖尿病下肢动脉病变与糖尿病足的探讨

目的:研究糖尿病下肢动脉病变与糖尿病足的关系.方法:对178例2型糖尿病彩色多普勒检查显示.结果:有55.1%病例患下肢动脉病变.发现下肢动脉病变与糖尿病足密切相关,且糖尿病足合并下肢动脉病变者下肢动脉血管内径变窄,管壁增厚,斑块形成,血流缓慢.病变同时相关于年龄、病程、糖化血红蛋白、血脂异常、血纤维蛋白原和尿蛋白.结论:超声检查可提高2型糖尿病下肢动脉病变的早期诊断,降低患者的致残率.     

彩超测定2型糖尿病人下肢中小动脉狭窄率及侧枝血管检测的临床意义

本文针对2型糖尿病下肢中小动脉狭窄率进行测定,并观测侧枝循环血管,回顾性分析2004年1月-2009年2月212例2型糖尿病中小动脉狭窄的彩色多普勒超声特点、治疗前后狭窄率的变化及侧枝循环的建立等,目的是通过彩色多普勒超声测定下肢血管的狭窄率,阐明彩超对糖尿病下肢重症病变的临床指导价值,警示国人对糖尿病的预防及早期治疗的重要性。     

New hemodynamic approach to angiogenesis: color and pulsed Doppler ultrasonography

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To determine the capacity of color and spectral Doppler ultrasonography (US) to quantify angiogenesis in vivo and to characterize low-resistance intratumor blood flow. METHODS: Thirty-two tumors, xenografted into mice, were studied with Doppler US. The number of intratumor vessels visualized with color Doppler US was compared with the density of microvessels and the number of vessels >100 microm determined by histologic examination. The resistance index and the peak systolic velocities were evaluated. RESULTS: The number of intratumor vessels visualized by color Doppler US was correlated with the number of vessels >100 microm (P<0.001) determined histologically. When vessel density was >30, intratumor vessels were always detected by color Dopper US. The resistance index and peak systolic velocities were significantly lower in intratumor than in peritumor vessels. CONCLUSIONS: Color Doppler US evaluated tumor angiogenesis accurately. Spectral analysis confirmed the low resistance of intratumor blood flow.     

Value of color Doppler ultrasonography in the evaluation of orbital vascular flow in end-stage renal disease patients undergoing hemodialysis

Purpose: To evaluate choroidal and retinal vascular flow dynamics by means of color Doppler ultrasonography in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis and to compare these findings with healthy controls. Material and Methods: Color Doppler ultrasonography and spectral analysis of nasal and temporal posterior ciliary and central retinal artery flow of both eyes were performed in 20 patients (40 eyes) and 22 controls (44 eyes) to assess peak systolic flow velocity, end-diastolic flow velocity, and resistive indices (RI). Patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and any cardiac pathology were not included in the study. A general ophthalmologic examination was performed in all patients and controls. Results: The average peak-systolic and end-diastolic blood flow velocities of nasal (12.88±4.91/6.88±3.26) and temporal (15.22±9.59/6.41±3.97) posterior ciliary artery and central retinal artery (14.94±8.38/6.7±4.13) in patients were significantly higher than the corresponding values of the controls. The RI values of nasal (0.52±0.10) and temporal (0.58±0.12) posterior ciliary artery and central retinal artery (0.55±0.11) in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis were significantly lower than in the controls. Conclusion: Choroidal and retinal blood flow velocities are higher and RI values for all three vessels lower in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis compared to healthy controls. These alterations may be related to either increased choroidal blood flow or vasoconstriction of the proximal vessels.     

Doppler US. Part II. Clinical applications

Duplex and color Doppler ultrasound (US) are noninvasive techniques capable of providing much information about the condition of blood vessels and flow within them throughout the body. Doppler US provides more than noninvasive angiography. Besides assessment of blood vessel patency and direction of flow, analysis of the flow velocity waveform allows quantitation of arterial stenoses and evaluation of both physiologic and pathologic changes in impedance. In certain situations, Doppler US can aid in tissue characterization and estimation of absolute flow volume. Color Doppler flow imaging may both expedite and clarify the duplex Doppler examination. In addition, color Doppler imaging can demonstrate flow orientation and improve the identification of turbulence and soft plaque. Color and duplex Doppler US are complementary, with color Doppler techniques providing spatial orientation and pulse Doppler techniques providing the time-velocity spectrum for quantitation.     

彩色多普勒超声诊断肢体血管疾病

目的：提高彩色多普勒超声在肢体血管性疾病的诊断率。材料和方法：利用彩色多普勒超声和双工多普勒超声技术对３２例血管疾病进行了检查，其中肢体动脉性疾病８例，肢体静脉性疾病２４例。结果：各种肢体血管性疾病在血流方向、速度、血流性质以及频谱形态等方面有其各自相对特异的超声表现。结论：彩色多普勒超声对肢体动静脉疾病既有安全、无创、双侧对比容易的优点，又可直接确定受累动静脉的损害部位，有助于早期诊断，治疗和预防。     

Comparison of harmonic and conventional power Doppler ultrasonography for assessment of slow flow in hyperechoic tissue: experimental study using a Doppler phantom

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Despite the advantages of depicting slow flow in small vessels, conventional power Doppler ultrasound (US) has a basic limitation, specifically that artifactual power Doppler signals mimic blood flow, especially in hyperechoic tissue. The purpose of this study was to compare harmonic power Doppler US with power Doppler US using a Doppler phantom under various parameter settings, focusing on the assessment of slow flow in the hyperechoic tissue. METHODS: While controlling the flow velocity (5 and 10 cm/s), pulse repetition frequency (500, 700, and 1,000 Hz), wall filter (low and medium), and Doppler gain (90%, 96%, and 100%), the authors performed both harmonic Doppler US and power Doppler US by using a Doppler phantom/flow control system. We measured and compared the relative intensities of the Doppler signals (0-250 scale) in both the vessels and hyperechoic tissue-mimicking materials with the two different imaging modalities. RESULTS: Power Doppler US with any combination of the four parameters evaluated depicted strong flow signals (mean, 213) that were superior to harmonic Doppler US (mean, 61). Relatively strong artifactual signals within the hyperechoic tissue-mimicking materials were noted on all power Doppler US studies (mean, 106) but nearly none on harmonic Doppler US (mean, 3). The contrast-to-noise ratio of harmonic Doppler US was significantly greater than that of power Doppler US. CONCLUSIONS: Harmonic Doppler US is more useful in assessing slow flow in hyperechoic tissue than power Doppler US because it produces fewer artifactual Doppler signals originating from stationary hyperechoic tissues, which can be misjudged as true signals on power Doppler US.     

Imaging of alveolar soft part sarcoma.

The imaging investigations in six patients with alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) are reviewed. Five patients presented with a pelvic or lower limb mass and one with haemoptysis from pulmonary metastases. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), CT, Doppler US and angiography studies demonstrated the highly vascular nature of this rare tumour and the frequent occurrence of pulmonary and intracranial metastases. Previously unreported Doppler US and MR evidence of multiple enlarged vessels and high blood flow within primary and secondary ASPS tumours is emphasized. Imaging is of considerable importance both for pre-operative localization and long term surveillance of this slow growing but invariably disseminating tumour.     

彩色超声多普勒诊断急性动脉栓塞的临床价值

应用彩色超声多普勒诊断急性动脉栓塞１２例，其中完全性栓塞３例，不完全栓塞９例。结果表明，不完全性栓塞型栓塞部位血管近端血流速度增大，频谱形状异常，频谱增宽，频窗变窄或消失，内部充填。栓塞部位血管远端血流速度变低。完全性阻塞型栓塞部位远端几乎测不到血流频谱。本组１２例病人彩色超声多普勒诊断与手术结果对照符合率为１００％。因此，应用彩色多普勒检测可准确地显示栓子部位，既可观察栓子大小及血流速度的改变，又可判定阻塞程度，为急性动脉栓塞病人及时手术治疗提供可靠依据，还可为其术后效果及血管病变部位恢复状况的观察提供重要帮助。     

Application of Doppler ultrasonography in congenital vascular lesions of the head and neck.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the value of Doppler ultrasonography in the assessment of congenital vascular lesions of the maxillofacial region. METHODS: 27 new patients with 36 congenital vascular lesions in the maxillofacial region as well as 10 patients previously treated with cryotherapy underwent ultrasonography (US) with a 6.0-10.0 MHz broadband linear transducer (reference Doppler frequency 7.5 MHz). Initial grey-scale US was followed by Color Doppler, Power Doppler and spectral Doppler studies. The presence or absence of flow was noted. In areas of high vascularity the number of vessels within a 1 cm(2) restricted region of interest were increased by spectral Doppler. RESULTS: US allowed differentiation of seven hemangiomas from other congenital vascular lesions and thus appropriate treatment of patients. Low flow vessels were demonstrated within the scars of five lesions previously treated with cryotherapy, requiring further intervention. CONCLUSION: Doppler US is a widely available, non-invasive and relatively inexpensive technique which can be used to characterize the flow of head and neck vascular anomalies and thus differentiate hemangiomas from other vascular malformations.     

膝下动脉球囊成形术及溶栓介入治疗糖尿病足的价值(附19例分析)

目的:探讨膝下动脉球囊成形术及保留导管溶栓术在介入治疗糖尿病足的临床价值。方法:对19例糖尿病足患者介入术前行CTA检查,对31个下肢用Seldinger技术,经股动脉顺行穿刺插管,分别对膝下动脉病变采用经血管腔内球囊成形术、保留导管溶栓术等多种介入治疗方法。结果:介入治疗后患肢血流改善明显,狭窄性病变开通率明显大于闭塞性病变。皮温明显升高,行走距离显著增加,溃疡愈合加快。结论:膝下动脉球囊成形术及保留导管溶栓治疗微创、安全、有效,可以改善糖尿病足下肢动脉血供,近期疗效令人满意。     

彩色多普勒超声诊断仪在高压电击伤血管损伤诊断中的应用

目的：了解彩色多普勒超声诊断仪在肢体电击伤血管损伤中的诊断价值。方法：采用ALTULTRAMARK9型彩色多普勒超声诊断仪于电击伤肢体切开减张前后作彩色多普勒检查，观察血管直径、血管壁、血管内膜、血管内容物和血流速度等变化。结果：严重肢体电击伤的血管尤其静脉血管血管壁肿胀、内膜粗糙、血管呈“串珠样改变”或血管内有泥沙样物质阻塞，血流速度减慢或血流通过。结论：彩色多普勒超声检查肢体电击伤后血管损伤，可以及时、准确的为临床诊断、治疗、和预后估计提供依据。