异舒吉^99Tc—MIBI心肌断层显像评价直接PTCA术与溶栓治疗心肌梗死的效果

目的：异舒吉^99mTc－MIBI心肌断层比较直接经皮冠状动脉内成形术（PTCA）与溶栓治疗急性心肌梗死的效果。材料与方法：对47例经直接PTCA治疗（A组）、溶栓再灌注成功（B组）和失败（C组）的急性心肌梗死患者异舒吉和静态^9mmTc－MIBI心肌显像。20例经介入性治疗患者,术后3个月复查静态心肌显像。结果：不论是静态,还是异舒吉^99mTc-MIBI心肌显像,A组心肌缺损面积小于B组,B组小于C组,三组之间差异有显著性。与静态心肌显像比较,A组和B组异舒吉心肌显像提示心肌灌注明显改善,在C组改善不明显,其中A组异舒吉心肌显像灌注改善大于B组＋C组。15例介入治疗异舒吉显像有心肌存活者,术后心肌缺损面积缩小,由术前36．3％±22．6％降至22．0％±19．3％。5例无心肌存活者,术后心肌缺损面积与术前比较无差异。结论：异舒吉^99mmTc－MIBI心肌断层显像定量分析显示直接PTCA术可减少心肌缺损面积,挽救更多的濒死心肌,同时可准确识别心肌梗死后存活心肌。     

异舒吉99mTc-MIBI心肌断层显像评价直接PTCA术与溶栓治疗心肌梗死的效果

目的异舒吉99mTc-MIBI心肌断层显像比较直接经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术(PTCA)与溶栓治疗急性心肌梗死的效果.材料与方法对47例经直接PTCA治疗(A组)、溶栓再灌注成功(B组)和失败(C组)的急性心肌梗死患者行异舒吉和静态99mTc-MIBI心肌显像.20例经介入性治疗患者,术后3个月复查静态心肌显像.结果不论是静态,还是异舒吉99mTc-MIBI心肌显像,A组心肌缺损面积小于B组,B组小于C组,三组之间差异有显著性.与静态心肌显像比较,A组和B组异舒吉心肌显像提示心肌灌注明显改善,在C组改善不明显,其中A组异舒吉心肌显像灌注改善大于B组+C组.15例介入治疗异舒吉显像有心肌存活者,术后心肌缺损面积缩小,由术前36.3%±22.6%降至22.0%±19.3%.5例无心肌存活者,术后心肌缺损面积与术前比较无差异.结论异舒吉99mTc-MIBI心肌断层显像定量分析显示直接PTCA术可减少心肌缺损面积,挽救更多的濒死心肌,同时可准确识别心肌梗死后存活心肌.     

99mTc-MIBI硝酸甘油介入心肌显像预测PTCA治疗效果

目的 :预测经皮腔内冠状动脉成形术 (PTCA)的治疗效果。材料和方法 :2 7例患者在PTCA治疗前后分别进行静态和硝酸甘油 (NTG)介入99mTc MIBI心肌显像研究。结果 :PTCA治疗前 ,静态显像 83个稀疏或明显稀疏节段中 ,NTG介入后有 45个变为正常 ,其余大部分节段99mTc MIBI摄取量不同程度增加 ,静态 13个缺损节段中有 4个缺损范围缩小 ;PT CA治疗后 ,静态显像与PTCA治疗前NTG介入显像结果基本一致 ,NTG介入显像 ,又有 13个分布稀疏的节段变为正常。结论 :NTG介入99mTc MIBI心肌显像可以预测PTCA治疗效果 ;PTCA治疗后NTG介入显像有助于了解存活心肌状况。     

硝酸甘油介入~(99)Tc~m-MIBISPECT心肌显像对PTCA决策的影响

目的　评价硝酸甘油 (NTG)介入99Tcm 甲氧基异丁基异腈 (MIBI)SPECT心肌显像对心肌梗死患者行经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术 (PTCA)决策的影响。方法　 5 1例心肌梗死患者PTCA前 1周内行99Tcm MIBI静息和NTG介入心肌显像 ,术后 2～ 3个月内复查静息心肌显像 ,并进行对比分析。结果　 5 1例患者共 14 1个心肌灌注异常节段 ,其中术后 74个节段心肌血流灌注改善 ,治疗有效率为5 2 4 8%。术前NTG介入显像表现为可逆性缺损 79个节段 ,术后 84 81% (6 7个 )节段心肌灌注改善 ,其中有明显填充的 5 8个节段 ,术后全部灌注改善。NTG介入显像表现为不可逆性缺损的 6 2个节段 ,有 11 2 9% (7个 )节段术后心肌灌注改善。NTG介入显像检测心肌存活的准确性为 86 5 2 %。结论NTG介入99Tcm MIBISPECT心肌显像对患者行PTCA起重要的决策作用。     

硝酸甘油介入99Tcm-MIBI SPECT心肌显像对PTCA决策的影响

目的评价硝酸甘油(NTG)介入99Tcm-甲氧基异丁基异腈(MIBI) SPECT心肌显像对心肌梗死患者行经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术(PTCA)决策的影响.方法 51例心肌梗死患者PTCA前1周内行99Tcm-MIBI静息和NTG介入心肌显像,术后2～3个月内复查静息心肌显像,并进行对比分析.结果 51例患者共141个心肌灌注异常节段,其中术后74个节段心肌血流灌注改善,治疗有效率为52.48%.术前NTG介入显像表现为可逆性缺损79个节段,术后84.81%(67个)节段心肌灌注改善,其中有明显填充的58个节段,术后全部灌注改善.NTG介入显像表现为不可逆性缺损的62个节段,有11.29 %(7个)节段术后心肌灌注改善.NTG介入显像检测心肌存活的准确性为86.52%.结论 NTG介入99Tcm-MIBI SPECT心肌显像对患者行PTCA起重要的决策作用.     

直接经皮冠脉介入治疗对有无梗死前心绞痛患者心肌存活性和心室收缩同步性的影响

目的　探讨直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗 (PCI)对有无梗死前心绞痛的急性心肌梗死 (AMI)患者心肌存活性和心室收缩同步性的近期影响。方法　 87例首次AMI患者 ,按梗死前有无心绞痛分为 3组 :A组 :无心绞痛史 30例。B组 :梗死前 4 8h内有心绞痛史 39例。C组 :仅在梗死前 >4 8h有心绞痛史 18例。所有患者均在发病 6h内行直接PCI术。术后 1周、4周行99mTc MIBI心肌灌注断层显像 (SPECT)测定心肌存活性 ;术后 2周行99mTc心血池显像测定心室收缩同步性参数。结果　①B组肌酸激酶MB同功酶 (CK MB)峰值显著低于A组 (P <0 .0 1)。②B组放射性缺损面积 (MIA)小于A组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;AMI后 4周与 1周比较 ,B组MIA显著缩小 (P <0 .0 1) ,病变区放射性计数显著增加 (P <0 .0 1)。C组和A组前后比较均无显著差异③心功能 :B组左室射血分数 (LVEF)高于A组 (P <0 .0 1) ;左室收缩同步性 :B组左室相角程(LPS)低于A组 (P <0 .0 5 )。以上各参数 ,C组和A组比较均无显著差异。结论　①首次AMI前 4 8h内心绞痛发作可导致心肌缺血预适应 (IschemicpreconditioningIP)的产生 ,并可缩小心肌梗死面积 ,保护心功能。②直接PCI可显著提高有IP的AMI患者的近期心肌存活性和心室收缩同步性 ,改善心功能。     

AMI患者直接与择期PTCA术后心肌活性及左室功能的研究

目的　比较直接与择期经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术 (PTCA)对急性心肌梗死 (AMI)后患者心肌活性及左室功能的影响。方法　采用双探头符合线路SPECT ,分别对 2 4例经直接PTCA治疗 (直接PTCA组 )和 2 2例经择期PTCA治疗 (择期PTCA组 )的AMI患者于PTCA术后 10～ 2 0d进行99Tcm 甲氧基异丁基异腈 (MIBI)门控心肌断层显像 ,并在 1周内完成心肌1 8F 脱氧葡萄糖 (FDG)符合线路显像。将MIBI摄取明显减低或无摄取而FDG摄取明显改善的心肌节段判定为存活心肌。结果　直接PTCA组与择期PTCA组的心肌灌注减低节段分别为 16 .2 % (35 2 16个 )和 2 8.3% (5 6 198个 ) ,2组比较差异有显著性 (χ2 =8.8,P <0 .0 1) ;存活心肌节段分别为 77.1% (2 7 35个 )和 5 3.6 % (30 5 6个 ) ,2组比较差异有极显著性 (χ2 =18.4 ,P <0 .0 0 1) ;左室射血分数 (LVEF)分别为 (6 5 .4± 9.8) %和 (5 1.2±10 .3) % ,2组比较差异有显著性 (t=2 .5 ,P <0 .0 5 )。结论　直接PTCA能更有效地增加心肌血流灌注 ,并可更多地挽救AMI患者的存活心肌和保护心脏功能。     

冠状动脉介入治疗后缺血心肌恢复时间观察

目的：观察分析冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）术后7～14天、3个月运动／静息99mTc-MIBI心肌灌注显像，评估PCI术后缺血心肌完全恢复时间。方法：将冠心病不稳定心绞痛42例PCI术后7～14天、3个月分别行运动／静息99mTc—MIBI心肌灌注显像，并进行比较分析。结果：PCI术后7～14天运动／静息99mTc—MIBI心肌灌注显像比较，差异显著（P〈0．01）；而术后3个月运动／静息99mTc—MIBI心肌灌注显像比较，差异不显著（P〉0．05）。结论：PCI术后7～14天仍有部分缺血心肌未完全恢复血流灌注，而3个月后缺血心肌完全恢复血流灌注。运动／静息99mTc—MIBI心肌灌注显像是评估心肌血流灌注的有效方法。     

99m Tc-MIBI运动/静息心肌显像对心肌细胞活性的检测

随着血运重建的方法(血管再通治疗)在冠心病治疗中的广泛应用，临床上区别疤痕心肌与可抢救的存活心肌成为当务这急，本研究通过对PTCA(经皮冠状动脉腔内成型术)患者术前术后^99mTc-甲氧基异丁基异腈(MIBI)运动／静息心肌灌注断层显像，探讨其对心肌活性检测的价值，现报道如下。     

心肌灌注及代谢显像检测存活心肌及对心肌梗死伴左室功能不全患者治疗策略的影响

目的用99Tcm-甲氧基异丁基异腈(MIBI)SPECT和18F-脱氧葡萄糖(FDG)PET心肌灌注/代谢显像对陈旧性心肌梗死伴左室功能不全患者心肌存活状况及治疗策略进行评价。方法70例陈旧性心肌梗死伴左室功能不全[左室射血分数(LVEF)为(35±10)%]患者,均行99Tcm-MIBISPECT、18F-FDGPET心肌灌注/代谢显像预测存活心肌。灌注缺损、代谢填充(灌注-代谢不匹配)为心肌存活;灌注、代谢均缺损(灌注-代谢匹配)为心肌无存活;同时进行超声心动图检查评价左室壁运动、LVEF、左室舒张末径(LVDd)及收缩末径(LVDs)。血运重建术或内科保守治疗后3-6个月进行超声心动图复查,评价左室壁运动改善情况及LVEF、LVDd及LVDs的变化。结果41例患者接受血运重建术,29例患者接受内科保守治疗。心肌代谢显像判定为存活心肌节段≥20%的46例患者中,31例接受血运重建术(A1组)、15例内科保守治疗(A2组);存活心肌节段<20%的24例患者中,10例接受血运重建术(B1组),14例内科保守治疗(B2组)。4组患者基本临床情况无差异。血运重建术后,A1组LVEF由(37.19±9.52)%增至(46.10±7.62)%(P<0.05),LVDd由(57.62±5.89)mm降至(52.38±4.42)mm(P<0.01),LVDs从(44.4±9.53)mm降至(38.35±8.02)mm(P<0.05),存活心肌节段运动情况记分由(10.67±8.14)分改善为(6.77±6.32)分(P<0.05);上述指标在A2、B1、B2组治疗前后未见明显改变(P>0.05)。结论99Tcm-MIBISPECT、18F-FDGPET显像对心肌存活的评价有助于心肌梗死伴左室功能不全患者治疗策略的选择。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The role of interventional radiology in trauma

Introduction Interventional Radiology has evolved into a specialty having enormous input into the care of the traumatized patient.In all hospitals,regardless of size,the Interventional Radiologist must consider their relationships with the trauma service in order to     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Diagnóstico ecográfico del neumotórax

The ultrasonographic diagnosis of pneumothorax is based on the analysis of artifacts. It is possible to confirm or rule out pneumothorax by combining the following signs: lung sliding, the A and B lines, and the lung point. One fundamental advantage of lung ultrasonography is its easy access in any critical situation, especially in patients in the intensive care unit. For this reason, chest ultrasonography can be used as an alternative to plain-film X-rays and computed tomography in critical patients and in patients with normal plain films in whom pneumothorax is strongly suspected, as well as to evaluate the extent of the pneumothorax and monitor its evolution.     

Carbohydrate Supplementation during Exercise: Does It Help? How Much is Too Much?

KEY POINTS· Carbohydrate intake during exercise can delay the onset of fatigue and improve performance of prolonged exercise as well as exercise of shorter duration and greater intensity (e.g., continuous exercise lasting about 1h and intermittent high-intensity exercise), but the mechanisms by which performance is improved are different.