PGA1对缺氧再给氧大鼠心脏微血管内皮细胞ICAM-1表达的影响

目的　研究前列腺素A1(PGA1)对缺氧再给氧大鼠心脏微血管内皮细胞ICAM 1表达的影响。方法　培养大鼠心脏微血管内皮细胞,建立细胞缺氧再给氧模型,通过凝胶电泳迁移率(EMSA)测定内皮细胞NF κB的活性,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)测定内皮细胞粘附分子ICAM 1的蛋白表达,Northernblot分析测定ICAM 1mRNA的表达。结果　大鼠心脏微血管内皮细胞在缺氧刺激后NF κB活性显著增加,ICAM 1的蛋白和ICAM 1mRNA的表达明显增加,再给氧后升高更明显;PGA1处理组NF κB活性较缺氧再给氧组明显下降(P<0 01),ICAM 1的蛋白和ICAM 1mRNA表达明显下降(P<0 01),呈剂量依赖效应。结论　前列腺素A1通过NF κB介导,下调内皮细胞ICAM 1的蛋白和mRNA表达。     

低氧下苯醌类药物对人肝癌细胞的毒性及其机制

目的　为阐明低氧下生物还原剂类药物 (两种苯醌 )对人肝癌细胞的毒性和DNA损伤及其机制。方法　人肝癌细胞SMMC 772 1在低氧和常氧下培养不同时间 ,用稍加改良的微孔板直接法检测还原型辅酶Ⅰ /Ⅱ依赖醌氧化还原酶 1 (NQO1 )比活性 ;并用不同浓度的地吖醌 (AZQ)和 2 ,5 双 (氮杂苯) 1 ,4 苯醌 (DZQ)在低氧和常氧下分别处理 1和 6h ,用MTT法测药物细胞毒性 ;用碱性单细胞凝胶电泳(ASCGE)及改良法 (MSCGE)测DNA链断裂和链交联。结果　低氧处理 6h肝癌细胞的NQO1 比活性降低 ,更长时间处理后升高 (P <0 .0 1 )。低氧下AZQ与DZQ(1 ,6h)的细胞毒性升高。在ASCGE实验中 ,常氧下AZQ处理导致DNA链断裂 ;低氧下AZQ处理后则检测不到DNA链断裂。而无论低氧和常氧下DZQ均未导致明显DNA链断裂。在MSCGE实验中 ,低氧下AZQ使H2 O2 所致DNA链断裂减轻至明显低于空白 /常氧组 (P <0 .0 1 ) ;而低氧和常氧下DZQ均能减轻H2 O2 所致DNA链断裂。结论　低氧短时 (6h后 )可诱导NQO1 比活性升高。短时低氧下(6h内 )AZQ和DZQ对人肝癌细胞的毒性上升。DZQ致DNA损伤主要形成DNA链交联 ,低氧加重此效应 ;AZQ主要造成DNA链断裂 (常氧 )和链交联 (低氧 )。     

酪醇对肝癌细胞NQ01的诱导及细胞增殖的抑制

目的　研究酪醇使肝癌细胞ＩＩ相解毒酶ＮＡＤ(Ｐ)Ｈ :醌氧化还原酶 1(ＮＱ0 1)诱导表达和细胞增殖的抑制以及两者之间的关系。方法　肝癌细胞ＳＭＭＣ 772 1接种后 2 4ｈ经 β 酪醇处理 2 4ｈ ,分别测定酶活性、ｍＲＮＡ表达和细胞增殖情况。ＮＱ0 1酶活性采用微孔板直接测定法 ,诱导结果用ＮＱ0 1比活性(ｓｐｅｃｉｆｉｃａｃｔｉｖｉｔｙ) =Ａ(ＮＱ0 1酶活性 ) Ｂ(细胞数 ) ;ｍＲＮＡ水平的变化采用定量ＲＴ ＰＣＲ ;细胞增殖采用结晶紫显色法。结果　ＮＱ0 1酶活诱导上 ,酪醇大于 6 0 μｇ ｍｌ时有明显的剂量 效应关系 ,且每一浓度…     

Wnt/β-catenin信号通路在低氧促进hBMSCs体外增殖中的作用

目的 探讨持续低氧环境对入骨髓间充质干细胞(human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,hBMSCs)体外增殖的影响,并初步探讨Wnt/β-catenin信号通路在其中的作用.方法 将购自江阴齐氏生物科技有限公司第2代hBMSCs进行传代、纯化,取第4代hBMSCs进行流式细胞仪检测鉴定;根据培养条件不同分为常氧组(20％氧浓度)和低氧组(3％氧浓度);CCK-8法测定各组生长曲线;采用RT-PCR检测Wnt/β-catenin信号通路关键组件β-catenin、cyclinD1 mRNA表达水平;Western blot检测β-catenin、P-β-catenin蛋白表达水平.结果 第4代hBMSCs流式鉴定结果显示:骨髓基质标志CD90表达为98.7％,而造血细胞标志CD19表达为0.3％;与常氧组比较,低氧组增殖速率更快,β-catenin、cyclinD1 mRNA表达升高(P＜0.05),β-catenin蛋白表达升高(P＜0.05),P-β-catenin蛋白表达下降(P＜0.05).结论 持续低氧环境可能通过激活Wnt/β-catenin信号通路而促进hBMSCs体外增殖.     

姜黄素对II相酶GST及NQO酶活性的诱导及其机制

研究姜黄素对II相酶谷胱甘肽转移酶(GST)及NADP(H)醌氧化还原酶(NQO)活性的影响及其诱导机制。用光谱法检测细胞GST酶和NQO酶的活性，以及还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)的含量；利用蛋白印迹法检测核转录因子Nrf2在胞浆与胞核的分布；采用凝胶电泳迁移率分析法(EMSA)检测Nrf2与II相酶基因抗氧化反应序列(ARE)结合活性。不同浓度的姜黄素(10～30 μmol·L^-1)刺激结肠腺癌HT-29细胞后，能显著诱导GST酶及NQO酶活性的增加，同时能迅速提高细胞内GSH的含量；蛋白印迹和凝胶电泳迁移率结果显示，姜黄素诱导细胞核内转录因子Nrf2积聚，Nrf2-ARE的结合活性增加。姜黄素诱导的II相酶GST酶及NQO酶活性增加与促进转录因子Nrf2由胞浆向胞核发生转位分布和增强Nrf2-ARE结合活性有关。     

雷洛昔芬对慢性低氧大鼠肺动脉血管重构的作用

目的 探讨雷洛昔芬对慢性低氧大鼠肺动脉结构重构的调节作用。方法 选取体质量180~200 g的健康SD大鼠40只,♂,随机分为常氧组、低氧组、低氧+17β-雌二醇组、常氧+雷洛昔芬组、低氧+雷洛昔芬组;原代培养大鼠肺动脉平滑肌细胞(pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells,PASMC)分组同上。采用间断常压低氧法建立慢性低氧大鼠和细胞模型,采用免疫组织化学法检测肺动脉平滑肌的增殖情况,以蛋白免疫印迹法检测PASMC小窝蛋白(Caveolin-1,Cav-1)的表达,采用荧光探针法检测PASMC活性氧(ROS)的含量。结果 与常氧组相比,低氧组大鼠肺小动脉平滑肌增殖、中膜厚度及肌化程度明显增加(P<0.01),雷洛昔芬可显著抑制低氧诱导的肺动脉改变(P<0.05)。低氧组大鼠PASMC中ROS浓度增加(P<0.01),给予低氧组大鼠雷洛昔芬治疗,可下调ROS浓度(P<0.05)。低氧组大鼠PASMC中Cav-1表达显著降低(P<0.01),雷洛昔芬可改善其低表达(P<0.05)。雷洛昔芬的缓解肺动脉重构、上调Cav-1的表达、减少ROS的产生、抑制PASMC增殖的效果类似于17β-雌二醇。结论 雷洛昔芬可上调PASMC中Cav-1的表达,减少ROS的产生,抑制PASMC增殖,在缓解慢性低氧大鼠的肺动脉重构中发挥重要作用。     

新型多肽AMPP2在TGF-β1诱导的系膜细胞增殖中的作用及其机制

目的 探究新型多肽AMPP2在转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)诱导的小鼠系膜细胞增殖中的作用及相关机制。方法 体外用TGF-β1(10μg/L)及AMPP2(10 ng/L)干预系膜细胞,分为Control组、AMPP2组、TGF-β1组及TGF-β1+AMPP2组。CCK-8法检测各组系膜细胞增殖活力;Western blot法检测各组细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶(CDK)-4、CDK-6、细胞增殖核抗原(PCNA)、α平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)、Ⅰ型胶原蛋白(COL-Ⅰ)、纤维连接蛋白(FN)及磷酸化的SMAD同源物3/SMAD同源物3(p-SMAD3/SMAD3)的蛋白表达水平;qPCR法检测各组α-SMA、COL-Ⅰ、FN的m RNA表达水平。结果 与Control组相比,TGF-β1组系膜细胞增殖活力增加(P<0.05),与TGF-β1组相比,TGF-β1+AMPP2组系膜细胞增殖活力下降(P<0.05);与Control组相比,TGF-β1组CDK-4、CDK-6、PCNA蛋白以及α-SMA、COL-Ⅰ、FN蛋白和mRNA表达水平升高(P<0.05),与TGF...     

缺氧诱导因子-1α、诱导型一氧化氮合酶在胃癌细胞SGC-7901中的表达研究

目的缺氧是实质性肿瘤(包括胃癌)微环境的基本特征之一。缺氧诱导因子-1α(hypoxia-inducible factor-1α,HIF-1α)是广泛存在于多种细胞的转录因子,对低氧时肿瘤细胞相关基因的表达发挥着重要调控作用。本课题将研究缺氧对胃癌细胞SGC-7901表达HIF-1α及iNOS的影响。方法体外培养人胃癌细胞SGC-7901,分为常氧对照组和缺氧(1%O2)1、6、12、24h时点,采用逆转录多聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)和免疫细胞化学分别检测各时点的HIF-1α,iNOSmRNA及蛋白质的表达水平。结果 (1)半定量RT-PCR结果提示:与对照组比较,各缺氧时点HIF-1αmRNA的表达差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。iNOSmRNA在常氧对照组有少量表达,缺氧1h表达量与其差异不显著(P>0.05),而缺氧6、12、24h表达量显著高于常氧对照组(P<0.05)。(2)免疫细胞化学结果:HIF-1α蛋白在常氧对照组中未见表达,而iNOS蛋白有少量表达;二者随缺氧时间增加而表达增加。结论 (1)缺氧(1%O2)对胃癌细胞SGC-7901表达HIF-1α的调控在蛋白质水平,而不在mRNA水平。(2)胃癌细胞SGC-7901缺氧时HIF-1α表达增加并上调其下游基因iNOS的mRNA及蛋白质的表达。     

阿米卡星对肾小管上皮细胞的损伤及热休克蛋白70表达的影响

目的:观察阿米卡星对肾小管上皮细胞的损伤及热休克蛋白70表达的影响。方法:常规培养人肾小管上皮细胞系HK-2细胞,给予阿米卡星(100μg·mL-1)损伤或MnCl2(2μg·mL-1)保护,于24,48,72,96 h时分光光度法测定细胞增殖,乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、N-乙酰-β氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)含量,逆转录多聚酶链式反应(RT-PCR)法检测HSP70 mRNA表达,Western-blot检测HSP70蛋白表达。结果:阿米卡星损伤HK-2细胞后,细胞增殖显著减少,LDH释放量、NAG含量、MDA含量增加显著,SOD活力明显下降,HSP70 mRNA及其蛋白的表达显著增加(与对照组比,P<0.01);给予MnCl2干预后,HK-2细胞的细胞增殖明显有所恢复,LDH释放量、NAG含量、MDA含量有所下降,SOD活力有所增加,HSP70 mRNA及其蛋白的表达有所下降(与损伤组比,P<0.01)。结论:阿米卡星的肾脏毒性与HSP70的表达存在密切的联系。     

红景天化学成分的研究及其对低氧诱导因子-1α表达的影响

目的 研究红景天的化学成分及其对低氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)表达的影响.方法 采用硅胶柱色谱法对红景天 中的化学成分进行分离纯化,运用现代波谱方法进行结构鉴定;采用RT-PCR法,检测化合物对缺氧状态下乳鼠心肌细胞HIF-1α mRNA表达的影响.结果 从红景天中分得到5个化合物,经鉴定为Rhodiolin(Ⅰ)、德钦红景天苷(Ⅱ)、没食子酸(Ⅲ)、酪醇(Ⅳ)、红景天苷(Ⅴ),化合物Ⅳ,Ⅴ 111.11 μg·ml-1与缺氧对照组相比,可促进HIF-1αt的表达(P<0.01).结论 采用二维核磁共振和质谱的方法确认了化合物Ⅰ的结构.化合物Ⅳ,Ⅴ能够增强心肌细胞HIF-1α mRNA的表达.     

Antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities of five eggplant varieties

Eggplant is consumed throughout the world and varies in fruit color, shape, and size. In this study, five varieties of eggplant (purple colored moderate size, white-green colored moderate size, long green, green striped moderate size and pale-green colored small size, respectively, called SM1–SM5) were evaluated for total phenolic and flavonoid content, antioxidant activity and hepatoprotection against cytotoxicity of tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BuOOH) in human hepatoma cell lines, HepG2. Total phenolic content found in methanol extracts of SM1–SM5 ranged from 739.36 ± 1.59 to 1116.13 ± 7.30 gallic acid equivalents mg/100 g extract and total flavonoid content from 1991.29 ± 6.32 to 3954.20 ± 6.06 catechin equivalents mg/100 g extract. SM1 and SM2 which contained high total phenolic and flavonoid had better antioxidant activities than the other varieties. Pretreatment of HepG2 cells with 50 and 100 μg/mL of SM1–SM5 significantly increased the viability (p < 0.05) of t-BuOOH-exposed HepG2 cells by 14.49 ± 1.14% to 44.95 ± 2.72%. The antioxidant activities of the eggplant were correlated with the total amounts of phenolic and flavonoid (r = 0.5310−0.7961). Significant correlation was found between hepatoprotective activities and total phenolic/flavonoid content (r = 0.6371–0.8842) and antioxidant activities (r = 0.5846–0.9588), indicating the contribution of the phenolic antioxidant present in eggplant to its hepatoprotective effect on t-BuOOH-induced toxicity.     

Synthesis and antioxidant activity of new tetrahydro-naphthalene-indole derivatives as retinoid and melatonin analogs

A number of retinoid-related compounds represent classes of antioxidative and proapoptotic agents with promising potential in the treatment of neoplastic diseases. Indeed, the synthetic retinoid amide fenretinide [N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide] induces apoptosis of cancer cells and acts as a chemotherapeutic drug in cancer therapy. In the present work, and as a continuation of our studies on retinoid-type compounds, the synthesis of melatonin retinamide derivatives was studied as a novel series of melatonin retinoids, using the condensation reaction sequence involving tetrahydrotetramethylnaphthalene carboxylic acid and appropriate melatonin-type moieties. Despite of the weak DPPH inhibition activity pattern of the synthesized compounds, some of them showed a strong inhibition on lipid peroxidation (IVa-b, Va, and VIIa-c, 88, 96, 90, 94, 93, and 86%, respectively at 10(-4) M concentration) when melatonin (85% at 10(-4) M concentration) was used as a reference compound.     

Oral administration of alkaloid fraction from Ruta graveolens inhibits oxidative stress and inflammation in hypercholesterolemic rabbits

Abstract

Context: The anti-atherogenic effect of alkaloid fraction from Ruta graveolens Linn (Rutaceae) extract is suspected to be related to its activities of antioxidation and anti-inflammation.

Objective: This study investigated the efficacy of alkaloid fraction isolated from Ruta graveolens (AFR) in reducing oxidative damage and inflammation in hypercholesteremic rabbits.

Materials and methods: The New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: Group I rabbits were fed with normal chow diet for 90?d. Group II rabbits were fed with 1% cholesterol-enriched diet. Group III rabbits were fed with 1% cholesterol-enriched diet together with AFR (10?mg/kg/daily for 90?d).

Results and discussion: The results showed that on treatment with AFR significantly lowered the level of total cholesterol and LDL-C and showed an increment in the level of HDL-C. LD₅₀ of the AFR in rats is greater than 525?mg/kg. Activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase and GSH level were decreased in cholesterol-fed rabbit and supplementation of AFR significantly enhanced the activities of these antioxidant enzymes and GSH level. Increased activities of enzymes such as cyclooxygenase-2, 15-lipoxygenase and myeloperoxidase were significantly suppressed by AFR administration. The acute phase proteins, total WBC count and TBARS concentrations were significantly increased by hypercholesteromic diet, which were significantly decreased by AFR treatment. Histopathological studies of aorta in cholesterol-fed rabbit showed plaque formation and significant changes in aortic wall. Administration of AFR showed no changes in aortic wall.

Conclusion: AFR reduces oxidative stress and inflammation and reduces the aortic pathology in hypercholesteromic rabbits.     

Synthesis and antioxidant capacities of some new benzimidazole derivatives

In this study, we prepared some new oxadiazolyl benzimidazole derivatives and investigated their antioxidant properties by determination of microsomal NADPH-dependent inhibition of lipid peroxidation levels (LP assay) and microsomal ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase activity (EROD assay). Some of these compounds 20, 23 had slightly inhibitory effects (28%) on the lipid peroxidation levels at 10(-3 )M concentration lower than standard BHT (65%). 5-[2-(Phenyl)-benzimidazol-1-yl-methyl]-2-mercapto-[1,3,4]-oxadiazole 16 was found to be more active than caffeine on the ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase activity with an IC(50 )value of 2.0 6 10(-4 )M.     

Effective control of blood glucose status and toxicity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by orally administration of vanadate in an herbal decoction.

Vanadium compounds have been well recognized for hypoglycemic effects, but questions remain on gastrointestinal disturbance and possible tissue vanadium accumulation thus slowing the acceptance of vanadium compounds as diabetic therapeutic agents. Our intestinal permeability and toxicity studies of vanadium compounds have suggested that the co-administration of vanadate with Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge decoction could benefit the therapeutic use of hypoglycemic vanadium compounds. In the present paper, we tested the hypoglycemic effects of vanadate ingested in an aqueous extract of S. Bunge using a streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat model. Oral administration of vanadate in S. Bunge herbal decoction produced a stable (free of hypoglycemic shock) and long-lasting ( approximately 70day) control of blood glucose status. Effective protection of animal organs from hyperglycemic damage was also observed. As expected, the herbal extract significantly alleviated vanadium toxicity, i.e. GI stress and metal accumulation. In addition, the result suggesting that vanadium-induced amelioration of the diabetic state appears to be secondary to the preservation of a functional portion of the pancreatic beta-cells which initially survived STZ-toxicity. These studies provide new insight into the therapeutic treatment of diabetics with vanadium compounds.     

Effects of macamides on endurance capacity and anti-fatigue property in prolonged swimming mice

Context: Lepidium meyenii Walp. (Brassicaceae), most commonly known as “maca”, has been used as a food or folk medicine to improve vitality in Peru. Previous research demonstrated that lipid-soluble extract from maca improved swimming endurance capacity. Macamides are considered the typical lipid-soluble markers for maca and proved to have several pharmacological properties, such as improving sexual performance and neuroprotective activies.

Objective: The present study investigates the effects of macamides on endurance capacity and anti-fatigue property in prolonged swimming mice.

Materials and methods: The Balb/c mice were divided into seven groups: a control group, low-dose groups of N-benzyllinoleamide, N-benzyloleamide, and N-benzylpalmitamide, high-dose groups of these macamides. The macamides groups received the commercial products (12 and 40?mg/kg, ig), while the control group received vehicle for 21 d. On the 14th day, the mice were given the weight-loaded swimming test. On the 21st day, the mice were sacrificed immediately after 90?min swimming, and some biochemical parameters were measured.

Results and discussion: Compared with the control group, exhaustive swimming time was significantly prolonged in high-dose group of N-benzyloleamide (p?<?0.05); the levels of lactic acid (LD), blood ammonia (BA), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were significantly decreased (p?<?0.05), whereas the levels of liver glycogen (LG) and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) were significantly increased (p?<?0.05) in high-dose group of N-benzyloleamide. The malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in the brain, muscle, and liver were significantly decreased (p?<?0.05), whereas superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) activities in the brain, muscle, and liver were significantly increased in high-dose group of N-benzyloleamide (p?<?0.05).

Conclusion: The results indicate that N-benzyloleamide has pharmaceutical property against exercise-induced fatigue, and this effect can be explained by the modulated energy metabolism and improved antioxidant status.     

Modulatory effects of Cassia fistula fruits against free radicals and genotoxicity of mutagens

Cassia fistula L. (Fabaceae) fruits are highly recommended in folklore medicine for curing various ailments. In the current study, methanol (CaFM), hexane (CaFH), chloroform (CaFCl), ethyl acetate (CaFE), butanol (CaFB) and aqueous (CaFA) fractions of C. fistula fruits were investigated for their potential to inhibit the genotoxicity of mutagens and free radicals. The antimutagenicity of fractions was evaluated against the reactive carcinogenic ester generating mutagen, 2-aminofluorene (2-AF) and frame-shift mutation inducing mutagen, 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine (NPD) in Ames Salmonella typhimurium TA98 tester strain. Among the fractions, CaFE showed strongest protective effect against the mutagenicity of both S9-dependent and direct-acting mutagen with an inhibitory percentage of 81% and 64% at the concentration of 1 × 10³ and 2.5 × 10³ respectively. All the fractions were analyzed for free radical scavenging activity using DPPH, nitric oxide, lipid peroxidation and superoxide anion assays. CaFE fraction showed maximum antioxidant activity in comparison to other fractions with an IC₅₀ of 97.01, 172.36, 144 and 264.79 μg/ml respectively. High performance liquid chromatography showed the presence of catechin, epicatechin and umbelliferone in appreciable amount which may account for its efficacy in combating free radicals and also showed protective effect against the mutagenicity of S9-dependent mutagen, 2-AF.     

N-acetylcysteineamide (NACA) prevents inflammation and oxidative stress in animals exposed to diesel engine exhaust

Diesel exhaust particles (DEPs), a by-product of diesel engine exhaust (DEE), are one of the major components of air borne particulate matter (PM) in the urban environment. DEPs are composed of soot, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), redox active semi-quinones, and transition metals, which are known to produce pro-oxidative and pro-inflammatory effects, thereby leading to oxidative stress-induced damage in the lungs. The objective of this study was to determine if N-acetylcysteineamide (NACA), a novel thiol antioxidant, confers protection to animals exposed to DEPs from oxidative stress-induced damage to the lung. To study this, male C57BL/6 mice, pretreated with either NACA (250 mg/kg body weight) or saline, were exposed to DEPs (15 mg/m³) or filtered air (1.5–3 h/day) for nine consecutive days. The animals were sacrificed 24 h after the last exposure. NACA-treated animals exposed to DEP had significant decreases in the number of macrophages and the amount of mucus plug formation in the lungs, as compared to the DEP-only exposed animals. In addition, DEP-exposed animals, pretreated with NACA, also experienced significantly lower oxidative stress than the untreated group, as indicated by the glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and catalase (CAT) activity. Further, DEP-induced toxicity in the lungs was reversed in NACA-treated animals, as indicated by the lactate dehydrogenase levels. Taken together, these data suggest that the thiol-antioxidant, NACA, can protect the lungs from DEP-induced inflammation and oxidative stress related damage.     

维生素E 对顺铂所致的小鼠肾毒性的影响及其机制研究

目的观察维生素E对抗癌药物顺铂致小鼠肾毒性的影响及其可能机制。方法采用10mg.kg-1顺铂腹腔注射诱导小鼠肾脏损伤,48小时后分别予维生素E250mg.kg-1和500mg.kg-1口服灌胃,顺铂诱导72小时后通过检测小鼠血清尿素氮和肌酐水平评价肾功能的变化,检测肾组织中丙二醛(malonaldehyde,MDA)含量,过氧化物歧化酶(super oxide dismutase,SOD)、过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)、还原型谷胱甘肽(reduce glutathione,GSH)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathion peroxidase,GPX)活性的变化,以评价小鼠肾组织氧化应激水平。结果与正常小鼠相比,10mg.kg-1顺铂诱导的小鼠血清尿素氮、肌酐水平和肾组织MDA水平均显著升高(P<0.01),而肾组织SOD、CAT、GSH、GPX的活性均显著降低(P<0.01);与10mg.kg-1顺铂诱导的小鼠相比,250mg.kg-1和500mg.kg-1维生素E灌胃的小鼠血清尿素氮、肌酐水平和肾组织MDA水平均显著降低(P<0.01),250mg.kg-1维生素E灌胃的小鼠肾组织GPX的活性显著升高(P<0.01),500mg.kg-1维生素E灌胃的小鼠肾组织CAT和GPX的活性均显著升高(P<0.01),而三组之间肾组织SOD活性的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论高剂量的维生素E可以有效改善顺铂诱导的小鼠肾功能,可能与其降低肾组织的氧化应激有关。     

Effect of Lactarius piperatus fruiting body maturity stage on antioxidant activity measured by several biochemical assays.

The effects of fruiting body maturity on antioxidant activity and antioxidants production of the wild mushroom, Lactarius piperatus, were evaluated. Several biochemical assays were used to screen the antioxidant properties: reducing power, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity, inhibition of erythrocytes hemolysis mediated by peroxyl radicals and inhibition of lipid peroxidation using the beta-carotene linoleate model system. The amounts of phenols, flavonoids, ascorbic acid, beta-carotene and lycopene present in the immature, mature and degraded fruiting bodies were also determined. The highest antioxidant contents and the lowest EC(50) values for antioxidant activity were obtained in the mature stage with immature spores.