颈椎前路手术前后康复护理工作要点

BACKGROUND: The operation of anterior vertebrae often cause the injury of superior laryngeal nerve and inferior laryngeal nerve and it is important of enough preoperative preparations and postoperative care for patients.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of rehabilitation care on patient before and after anterior cervical operation.UNIT: Zhujing Hospital of First Military Medical University     

饮食教育预防骨科术后病人便秘的研究

Objective To study the effect of diet education on preventing constipation among orthopedic inpafients, and the relationship between diet education and food - taking pattern of postoperative pa-tients. Methods 97 orthopedic inpafients who have been operated on spine were randomly divided into experimen-tal group (n =48) and control group (n = 49) . Patients in experimental group were given diet education at the operation day and second day after operation. Patients in control group were given routine intervention. The sorts and amounts of food taken in the three days after operation and defecation score were collected. Results The rate of vegetable taken by patients in the second and third day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group(X<'2> =6.95;7. 24;all P <0.05) ;The amount of staple food taken by patients at the first and sec-ond day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group (t= 2.077 ;3. 084;all P <0.05) ;The amount of vegetable taken by patients at the second and third day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group (t=0.025 ;2.341 ;all P<0.05 ). Defecation score of patients in experimental group (6.85±3.32) was lower than that of control group(8.63±3.27 ), (t=2.66 P<0.05 ). Conclusions Di-et education can prevent constipation of these patients after operation. The inadequate amount of staple food and vegetable were the main unreasonableness that exists among these patients. So the adequate amount of staple food and vegetable should be emphasized when diet education is given and we should take the condition of patients tak-ing food more serious in three days after operation.     

饮食教育预防骨科术后病人便秘的研究

Objective To study the effect of diet education on preventing constipation among orthopedic inpafients, and the relationship between diet education and food - taking pattern of postoperative pa-tients. Methods 97 orthopedic inpafients who have been operated on spine were randomly divided into experimen-tal group (n =48) and control group (n = 49) . Patients in experimental group were given diet education at the operation day and second day after operation. Patients in control group were given routine intervention. The sorts and amounts of food taken in the three days after operation and defecation score were collected. Results The rate of vegetable taken by patients in the second and third day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group(X<'2> =6.95;7. 24;all P <0.05) ;The amount of staple food taken by patients at the first and sec-ond day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group (t= 2.077 ;3. 084;all P <0.05) ;The amount of vegetable taken by patients at the second and third day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group (t=0.025 ;2.341 ;all P<0.05 ). Defecation score of patients in experimental group (6.85±3.32) was lower than that of control group(8.63±3.27 ), (t=2.66 P<0.05 ). Conclusions Di-et education can prevent constipation of these patients after operation. The inadequate amount of staple food and vegetable were the main unreasonableness that exists among these patients. So the adequate amount of staple food and vegetable should be emphasized when diet education is given and we should take the condition of patients tak-ing food more serious in three days after operation.     

饮食教育预防骨科术后病人便秘的研究

Objective To study the effect of diet education on preventing constipation among orthopedic inpafients, and the relationship between diet education and food - taking pattern of postoperative pa-tients. Methods 97 orthopedic inpafients who have been operated on spine were randomly divided into experimen-tal group (n =48) and control group (n = 49) . Patients in experimental group were given diet education at the operation day and second day after operation. Patients in control group were given routine intervention. The sorts and amounts of food taken in the three days after operation and defecation score were collected. Results The rate of vegetable taken by patients in the second and third day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group(X<'2> =6.95;7. 24;all P <0.05) ;The amount of staple food taken by patients at the first and sec-ond day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group (t= 2.077 ;3. 084;all P <0.05) ;The amount of vegetable taken by patients at the second and third day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group (t=0.025 ;2.341 ;all P<0.05 ). Defecation score of patients in experimental group (6.85±3.32) was lower than that of control group(8.63±3.27 ), (t=2.66 P<0.05 ). Conclusions Di-et education can prevent constipation of these patients after operation. The inadequate amount of staple food and vegetable were the main unreasonableness that exists among these patients. So the adequate amount of staple food and vegetable should be emphasized when diet education is given and we should take the condition of patients tak-ing food more serious in three days after operation.     

饮食教育预防骨科术后病人便秘的研究

Objective To study the effect of diet education on preventing constipation among orthopedic inpafients, and the relationship between diet education and food - taking pattern of postoperative pa-tients. Methods 97 orthopedic inpafients who have been operated on spine were randomly divided into experimen-tal group (n =48) and control group (n = 49) . Patients in experimental group were given diet education at the operation day and second day after operation. Patients in control group were given routine intervention. The sorts and amounts of food taken in the three days after operation and defecation score were collected. Results The rate of vegetable taken by patients in the second and third day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group(X<'2> =6.95;7. 24;all P <0.05) ;The amount of staple food taken by patients at the first and sec-ond day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group (t= 2.077 ;3. 084;all P <0.05) ;The amount of vegetable taken by patients at the second and third day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group (t=0.025 ;2.341 ;all P<0.05 ). Defecation score of patients in experimental group (6.85±3.32) was lower than that of control group(8.63±3.27 ), (t=2.66 P<0.05 ). Conclusions Di-et education can prevent constipation of these patients after operation. The inadequate amount of staple food and vegetable were the main unreasonableness that exists among these patients. So the adequate amount of staple food and vegetable should be emphasized when diet education is given and we should take the condition of patients tak-ing food more serious in three days after operation.     

饮食教育预防骨科术后病人便秘的研究

Objective To study the effect of diet education on preventing constipation among orthopedic inpafients, and the relationship between diet education and food - taking pattern of postoperative pa-tients. Methods 97 orthopedic inpafients who have been operated on spine were randomly divided into experimen-tal group (n =48) and control group (n = 49) . Patients in experimental group were given diet education at the operation day and second day after operation. Patients in control group were given routine intervention. The sorts and amounts of food taken in the three days after operation and defecation score were collected. Results The rate of vegetable taken by patients in the second and third day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group(X<'2> =6.95;7. 24;all P <0.05) ;The amount of staple food taken by patients at the first and sec-ond day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group (t= 2.077 ;3. 084;all P <0.05) ;The amount of vegetable taken by patients at the second and third day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group (t=0.025 ;2.341 ;all P<0.05 ). Defecation score of patients in experimental group (6.85±3.32) was lower than that of control group(8.63±3.27 ), (t=2.66 P<0.05 ). Conclusions Di-et education can prevent constipation of these patients after operation. The inadequate amount of staple food and vegetable were the main unreasonableness that exists among these patients. So the adequate amount of staple food and vegetable should be emphasized when diet education is given and we should take the condition of patients tak-ing food more serious in three days after operation.     

饮食教育预防骨科术后病人便秘的研究

Objective To study the effect of diet education on preventing constipation among orthopedic inpafients, and the relationship between diet education and food - taking pattern of postoperative pa-tients. Methods 97 orthopedic inpafients who have been operated on spine were randomly divided into experimen-tal group (n =48) and control group (n = 49) . Patients in experimental group were given diet education at the operation day and second day after operation. Patients in control group were given routine intervention. The sorts and amounts of food taken in the three days after operation and defecation score were collected. Results The rate of vegetable taken by patients in the second and third day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group(X<'2> =6.95;7. 24;all P <0.05) ;The amount of staple food taken by patients at the first and sec-ond day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group (t= 2.077 ;3. 084;all P <0.05) ;The amount of vegetable taken by patients at the second and third day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group (t=0.025 ;2.341 ;all P<0.05 ). Defecation score of patients in experimental group (6.85±3.32) was lower than that of control group(8.63±3.27 ), (t=2.66 P<0.05 ). Conclusions Di-et education can prevent constipation of these patients after operation. The inadequate amount of staple food and vegetable were the main unreasonableness that exists among these patients. So the adequate amount of staple food and vegetable should be emphasized when diet education is given and we should take the condition of patients tak-ing food more serious in three days after operation.     

饮食教育预防骨科术后病人便秘的研究

Objective To study the effect of diet education on preventing constipation among orthopedic inpafients, and the relationship between diet education and food - taking pattern of postoperative pa-tients. Methods 97 orthopedic inpafients who have been operated on spine were randomly divided into experimen-tal group (n =48) and control group (n = 49) . Patients in experimental group were given diet education at the operation day and second day after operation. Patients in control group were given routine intervention. The sorts and amounts of food taken in the three days after operation and defecation score were collected. Results The rate of vegetable taken by patients in the second and third day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group(X<'2> =6.95;7. 24;all P <0.05) ;The amount of staple food taken by patients at the first and sec-ond day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group (t= 2.077 ;3. 084;all P <0.05) ;The amount of vegetable taken by patients at the second and third day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group (t=0.025 ;2.341 ;all P<0.05 ). Defecation score of patients in experimental group (6.85±3.32) was lower than that of control group(8.63±3.27 ), (t=2.66 P<0.05 ). Conclusions Di-et education can prevent constipation of these patients after operation. The inadequate amount of staple food and vegetable were the main unreasonableness that exists among these patients. So the adequate amount of staple food and vegetable should be emphasized when diet education is given and we should take the condition of patients tak-ing food more serious in three days after operation.     

饮食教育预防骨科术后病人便秘的研究

Objective To study the effect of diet education on preventing constipation among orthopedic inpafients, and the relationship between diet education and food - taking pattern of postoperative pa-tients. Methods 97 orthopedic inpafients who have been operated on spine were randomly divided into experimen-tal group (n =48) and control group (n = 49) . Patients in experimental group were given diet education at the operation day and second day after operation. Patients in control group were given routine intervention. The sorts and amounts of food taken in the three days after operation and defecation score were collected. Results The rate of vegetable taken by patients in the second and third day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group(X<'2> =6.95;7. 24;all P <0.05) ;The amount of staple food taken by patients at the first and sec-ond day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group (t= 2.077 ;3. 084;all P <0.05) ;The amount of vegetable taken by patients at the second and third day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group (t=0.025 ;2.341 ;all P<0.05 ). Defecation score of patients in experimental group (6.85±3.32) was lower than that of control group(8.63±3.27 ), (t=2.66 P<0.05 ). Conclusions Di-et education can prevent constipation of these patients after operation. The inadequate amount of staple food and vegetable were the main unreasonableness that exists among these patients. So the adequate amount of staple food and vegetable should be emphasized when diet education is given and we should take the condition of patients tak-ing food more serious in three days after operation.     

饮食教育预防骨科术后病人便秘的研究

Objective To study the effect of diet education on preventing constipation among orthopedic inpafients, and the relationship between diet education and food - taking pattern of postoperative pa-tients. Methods 97 orthopedic inpafients who have been operated on spine were randomly divided into experimen-tal group (n =48) and control group (n = 49) . Patients in experimental group were given diet education at the operation day and second day after operation. Patients in control group were given routine intervention. The sorts and amounts of food taken in the three days after operation and defecation score were collected. Results The rate of vegetable taken by patients in the second and third day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group(X<'2> =6.95;7. 24;all P <0.05) ;The amount of staple food taken by patients at the first and sec-ond day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group (t= 2.077 ;3. 084;all P <0.05) ;The amount of vegetable taken by patients at the second and third day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group (t=0.025 ;2.341 ;all P<0.05 ). Defecation score of patients in experimental group (6.85±3.32) was lower than that of control group(8.63±3.27 ), (t=2.66 P<0.05 ). Conclusions Di-et education can prevent constipation of these patients after operation. The inadequate amount of staple food and vegetable were the main unreasonableness that exists among these patients. So the adequate amount of staple food and vegetable should be emphasized when diet education is given and we should take the condition of patients tak-ing food more serious in three days after operation.     

肾移植患者术前健康教育需求调查与分析

目的:探讨肾移植患者术前健康教育需求及干预措施。方法:用自制问卷和2个开放式问题通过电话和面谈的形式调查肾移植患者术前健康教育的需求。结果:患者对健康教育方式的需求依次为:与有移植术体验的患者交流、家庭访视、与主管医生见面、书面材料、专题讲座、电话咨询;患者对健康教育内容的需求依次为:术后身体恢复程度、恢复至正常生活的时间、肾移植相关知识、术后自身变化、详细手术过程、术前准备、饮食指导、自我精神调节。结论:肾移植患者在等待肾源期间健康教育特别重要,健康教育方式需求多样化,其中与有过移植手术体验的患者交流是患者最易接受的健康教育方式。     

手术时机对高血压脑出血患者康复影响的研究

目的 :探讨不同手术时机对高血压脑出血 (HICH)患者康复影响的临床意义。方法 :对 37例采用超早期手术 (发病后 6小时内 )和 4 3例延迟手术 (发病后 8～ 15 6小时 )治疗的患者的临床康复情况进行对照比较。结果 :超早期手术患者意识恢复快 ,并发症发生率低 ,神经功能恢复快 ,3个月后日常生活能力 (ADL )评定优于延迟手术者。结论 :超早期手术治疗 HICH的临床康复疗效显著 ,有手术指征患者应积极争取超早期手术。     

腹腔镜手术治疗结直肠肿瘤的效果评价与预后分析

目的评价腹腔镜手术治疗结直肠癌的临床效果,并对患者预后进行分析。方法选取2003年1月至2010年12月接受结直肠肿瘤治疗的患者746例,所有患者根据患者病理情况、分期和手术方法不同分为腹腔镜组和传统手术组,比较分析两组治疗方法的效果和预后。结果腹腔镜组较传统手术组手术时间短,术中出血量少,感染率和并发症少。随访观察6个月至5年,腹腔镜组转移率为2.95%;传统手术组转移率为10.19%,传统手术组术后转移率高于腹腔镜组,两组术后转移率差异显著(P<0.05)。腹腔镜组与传统手术组随访观察满3年生存率比较,腹腔镜组3年生存率高于传统手术组(P<0.05);3年复发率比较,腹腔镜组3年复发率低于传统手术组(P<0.05)。两组不同Dukes’分期死亡情况也不同。结论腹腔镜手术治疗结直肠肿瘤安全可行,且其效果可与传统开腹手术同等,甚至优于传统手术效果,腹腔镜治疗能够降低术后肿瘤转移率和复发率,提高患者生存率。     

食管癌术后淋巴结转移的CT分析

目的:探讨食管癌术后淋巴结转移的规律及影响因素。资料与方法:分析63例食管癌术后淋巴结转移CT表现及转移淋巴结分布,对手术加放、化疗与单纯手术治疗者,及术前淋巴结转移阳性与阴性患者,术后淋巴结转移时间对比并进行统计学分析。结果:食管癌术后淋巴结转移最常见于2R区、7区及2L区。手术加放、化疗与单纯手术治疗及术前有否淋巴结转移,其术后淋巴结转移时间有明显差异。结论:食管癌术后淋巴结转移受多种因素影响,若能合理的结合放、化疗,可延长食管癌术后淋巴结转移时间,提高生存率。CT是食管癌术后淋巴结转移的有效诊断方法。     

手术患者交接标准作业程序的建立

介绍了手术患者交接标准作业程序的建立和实施.标准作业程序规范了手术交接各个环节的内容和步骤,使交接人员明确自己的职责,提高了手术患者交接的安全性和效率,实现了手术患者交接的过程质控.在实施期间无手术交接不良事件发生,患者满意度从94.99％提高到97.61％.     

外伤、手术相关性吉兰-巴雷综合征的临床观察

目的 观察外伤、手术相关性吉兰-巴雷综合征的临床表现、对静脉注射免疫球蛋白治疗的疗效。方法 回顾性分析16例病前有外伤、手术史的吉兰-巴雷综合征病例,并与同期住院治疗的无外伤或手术的吉兰-巴雷综合征患者的临床表现、治疗效果相比较。结果 外伤、手术继发吉兰-巴雷综合征发生在外伤或手术后3周内,发病前可有咽痛、腹泻史,主要表现为四肢无力,可伴有四肢麻木,严重病例有呼吸困难。主要体征为四肢肌力下降、肌腱反射减弱或消失,可有感觉异常。与同期住院治疗的吉兰-巴雷综合征患者相比,外伤、手术继发吉兰-巴雷综合征患者临床表现较重（P＜0.05）。大部分病例脑脊液化验表现为脑脊液蛋白-细胞分离现象。肌电图检查有髓鞘脱失、轴索变性表现。在接受静脉注射免疫球蛋白治疗后,与无外伤或手术的吉兰-巴雷综合征患者比较,外伤、手术继发吉兰-巴雷综合征患者效果差（P＜0.01）。结论 静脉注射免疫球蛋白治疗外伤、手术继发的吉兰-巴雷综合征效果差。应重视外伤、手术继发吉兰-巴雷综合征,及时诊断、治疗,改善患者预后。     

腹膜透析患者腹腔镜胆囊切除术的临床观察

目的探讨腹膜透析患者腹腔镜胆囊切除术（LC）的安全性及可行性。方法回顾分析该院1999年6月～2005年12月9例腹膜透析患者因慢性胆囊炎、胆囊结石行LC的临床资料。结果全部患者成功施行LC，手术时间45～120min，术后当日开始恢复腹膜透析；术后住院5～7d，无严重并发症。结论腹膜透析患者LC安全可行；充分的围手术期准备和处理是成功的关键。     

腹腔镜在异位妊娠手术中的应用

目的评价腹腔镜手术在异位妊娠手术治疗中的价值。方法回顾分析2003年1月~2004年6月以异位妊娠收入院急诊行腹腔镜手术治疗的病人336例。总结其手术时间、住院时间及术后病率。结果336人均在腹腔镜下手术,无中转开腹,平均手术时间45.56±16.98min,平均住院时间3.10±0.73天,术后病率2.4%。结论腹腔镜手术是早期异位妊娠诊断、治疗的首选方法。     

早期微创手术治疗高血压性脑出血

目的探讨微创颅内血肿清除术治疗高血压性脑出血(HIH)的疗效与手术时机。方法回顾性分析140例采用微创颅内血肿清除术治疗或者单纯内科保守治疗的高血压性脑出血患者。结果微创颅内血肿清除术治疗组病死率为14.3%,单纯内科保守治疗对照组病死率为34.3%。术后6个月随访,治疗组生存良好率为80%,对照组生存良好率为52%。结论微创颅内血肿清除术疗效好于单纯内科保守治疗,发病后6～48h是较好的手术时机。     

手术治愈儿童心室间隔膜部瘤6例

我们1985～1992年经手术治疗心室间隔膜部瘤6例,年龄6～12岁,2例于术中发现,4例术前确诊.3例直接缝缩瘤体,3例切除瘤体补片缝合,全部治愈.本文介绍了作者体会,强调术中应细致探查,方可防止漏治.手术必须达到终止左向右分流,彻底消除瘤腔,加固室间隔,防止术后复发.