丁苯酞对急性脑梗死患者血清神经元特异性烯醇酶影响的研究

目的：观察丁苯酞对急性脑梗死患者血清神经元特异性烯醇酶含量的影响。方法：将80例患者随机分为对照组和丁苯酞治疗组,测定患者治疗前后血清神经元特异性烯醇酶含量以及神经功能缺损评分,观察其临床疗效。结果：经丁苯酞治疗后第11天,患者血清神经元特异性烯醇酶含量为（11.73±3.72）ng/ml,神经功能缺损评分为（13.25±3.27）。与对照组比较,治疗组血清神经元特异性烯醇酶含量明显降低（P〈0.05）,临床神经功能缺损程度评分亦明显减低（P〈0.05）。结论：血清NSE水平较好地反映了急性脑梗死的脑损伤程度。丁苯酞治疗可有效降低急性脑梗死患者血清NSE含量和神经功能缺损评分,促进临床神经功能的恢复。     

丁苯酞对中度急性脑梗死患者血清SOD和NSE影响的研究

目的观察丁苯酞对中度急性脑梗死患者血清SOD活性和NSE含量的影响。方法将60例患者随机分为对照组和丁苯酞治疗组,测定治疗前后血清SOD活性和NSE含量;并观察其临床疗效。结果经丁苯酞治疗后,患者血清SOD活性为（95．49±9．40）NU／ml,NSE含量为（11．73±3．72）ng／ml,神经功能缺损评分为13．25±3．27。与对照组比较,治疗组血清SOD活性明显升高（P〈0．05）,NSE含量明显降低（P〈0．05）,临床神经功能缺损程度评分亦明显减低（P〈0．05）。结论丁苯酞治疗可升高中度急性脑梗死后患者血清SOD活性,有效降低血清NSE含量和神经功能缺损评分,促进神经功能的恢复。     

丁苯酞联合法舒地尔治疗急性脑梗死的疗效观察

目的:观察急性脑梗死采用丁苯酞氯化钠注射液联合法舒地尔注射液的临床治疗效果.方法:选取2015年9月~2016年9月我院收治的急性脑梗死患者100例,随机分为对照组与治疗组.两组均接受常规治疗,对照组在常规治疗的基础上要给予法舒地尔注射液30mg加入0.9%氯化钠注射液100mL静脉滴注,2次/d.治疗组在对照组的基础上静滴丁苯酞氯化钠注射液100mL,1次/d.两组均连续治疗14d.观察两组的临床疗效,同时比较两组治疗前后神经功能缺损评分(NIHSS).结果:治疗后,对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为86%、94%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:丁苯酞联合法舒地尔治疗急性脑梗死具有较好的临床疗效.     

丁苯酞氯化钠注射液治疗进展性缺血性脑卒中临床疗效分析

目的 观察分析丁苯酞氯化钠注射液在治疗进展性缺血性脑卒中的临床疗效。方法 64例进展性缺血性脑卒中患者,随机分为对照组和治疗组,各32例,对照组患者给予常规治疗,治疗组在常规治疗的基础上静脉滴注丁苯酞氯化钠注射液,比较两组治疗前后的卒中量表(NIHSS)评分、神经功能缺损评分及临床疗效。结果 两组患者治疗前NIHSS评分及神经功能缺损评分比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后两组评分均较治疗前有所下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),组间比较治疗组下降程度高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后治疗组基本治愈15例,显效10例,有效7例,治疗效果显著优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 应用丁苯酞氯化钠注射液治疗进展性缺血性脑卒中,能有效减少神经细胞损伤,改善神经功能缺损,值得在临床推广应用。     

丁苯酞胶囊对急性脑梗死患者血清SOD、NSE的影响

目的观察丁苯酞软胶囊治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效和对血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)的影响。方法将收治的100例急性脑梗死患者随机分为对照组和治疗组,各50例。对照组给予阿司匹林、奥扎格雷钠、阿托伐他汀钙片、依达拉奉治疗,疗程2周。治疗组在对照组的基础上给予丁苯酞软胶囊200 mg口服,3次·d-1,疗程2周。分别于治疗前、治疗后3、7、14 d进行血清SOD、NSE含量的测定,并进行临床神经功能缺损程度(NIHSS)评分。结果与对照组比较,治疗组在治疗后7、14 d NIHSS评分较对照组降低(P<0.05),治疗后3、7、14 d血清SOD水平明显增加、NSE水平明显下降(P<0.05)。结论丁苯酞软胶囊可以保护神经细胞,减轻脑损伤,改善急性脑梗死患者的神经功能。     

急性脑梗死采取丁苯酞氯化钠注射液治疗的临床效果分析

目的分析急性脑梗死采取丁苯酞氯化钠注射液治疗的临床效果。方法收集2016年4月至2017年10月我院收治的88例急性脑梗死患者作为观察对象,按照数字表法的分组方式分为对照组(44例)和治疗组(44例),对照组给予常规治疗,治疗组在此基础上给予丁苯酞氯化钠治疗,比较两组治疗前后神经功能缺损情况变化。结果治疗2周、4周后,两组NIHSS评分均低于治疗前,组间展开比较,治疗组均低于对照组,组间差异显著(P <0.05)。结论急性脑梗死采取丁苯酞氯化钠注射液可明显改善患者神经功能,提高临床疗效,值得广泛应用于临床。     

奥扎格雷钠与丁苯酞氯化钠治疗急性脑梗死临床疗效的比较研究

目的比较奥扎格雷钠与丁苯酞氯化钠治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效。方法选取安陆市普爱医院2017年1月-2019年1月收治的急性脑梗死患者60例,随机分为对照组与研究组,各30例。对照组予以奥扎格雷钠注射液治疗,研究组予以丁苯酞氯化钠注射液治疗。比较两组临床疗效,治疗前后美国国立卫生研究院脑卒中量表(NIHSS)评分、日常生活活动能力量表(ADL)评分,并观察两组不良反应发生情况。结果研究组治疗总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗前两组NIHSS评分、ADL评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后研究组NIHSS评分低于对照组,ADL评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组不良反应发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论与奥扎格雷钠比较,丁苯酞氯化钠治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效更好,其可更有效缓解患者神经功能受损,提高日常生活自理能力,且安全性更高。     

丁苯酞治疗急性脑梗死疗效观察

目的观察丁苯肽治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效。方法选取124例急性脑梗死患者随机分为两组,两组患者在给予改善微循环等常规治疗的基础之上,治疗组给予丁苯酞治疗,对照组单纯应用常规治疗,对比两组患者的临床疗效、治疗前后神经功能缺损程度评分(NIHSS)。结果治疗组有效率95.0%,对照组有效率82.2%(P<0.05);治疗组NIHSS评分减分幅度较对照组有明显改善,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论丁苯肽治疗急性脑梗死可以更好的改善神经功能。     

丁苯酞联合胞二磷胆碱治疗急性脑梗死的临床研究

目的探究丁苯酞联合胞二磷胆碱治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效。方法选取2014年1月—2014年12月商洛市中心医院神经内科收治的急性脑梗死患者100例,随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组各50例。对照组患者在基础治疗上静脉滴注胞二磷胆碱注射液,0.75 g/次,1次/d。治疗组患者在对照组治疗基础上口服丁苯酞软胶囊,0.2 g/次,3次/d。两组患者均连续治疗14 d。观察两组的临床疗效,同时比较治疗前后两组患者神经功能缺损程度(NIHSS)评分、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)的变化情况。结果治疗后,对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为74.0%、92.0%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组NIHSS评分、NSE水平均显著降低,同组治疗前后差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后治疗组这些观察指标的改善程度优于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论丁苯酞联合胞二磷胆碱治疗急性脑梗死具有较好的临床疗效,可促进神经功能的恢复,降低NSE水平,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。     

依达拉奉联合丁苯酞治疗急性脑梗死临床观察

目的采用依达拉联合丁苯酞对急性脑梗死患者进行治疗,分析其临床疗效。方法采用对照研究的方法将108例急性脑梗死患者随机分为对照组A、对照组B和研究组,每组36例,对照组A采用常规药物加依达拉奉进行治疗,对照组B给予常规药物加丁苯酞治疗,研究组给予依达拉奉联合丁苯酞治疗。对比3组患者的治疗效果和治疗前后神经功能缺损程度评分（NIHSS）。结果研究组总体治疗有效率为80.5%,对照组A和对照组B总体治疗有效率分别为61.1%和58.3%,两组临床疗效具有明显差异;研究组NIHSS评分减分幅度较对照组变化大,且差异具有统计学意义。结论依拉达奉联合丁苯酞较单独使用具有更好的的临床效果,能有效减少患者治疗后的神经功能缺损,值得临床应用。     

Degraded and undegraded carrageenans and experimental gastric and duodenal ulceration

The prevention of histamine-induced gastric and duodenal ulceration in the guinea-pig has been examined using a series of undegraded and degraded carrageenans. Undegraded carrageenans were active at lower doses than degraded carrageenans. The high viscosity of the undegraded carrageenans in solution prevented their use in larger doses. Degradation of carrageenan without serious loss of sulphate, gives a product which allows the dose to be increased to an extent that its effect more than offsets the slight loss in activity caused by the degradation. No single feature of carrageenan structure can be related to anti-ulcer activity although degradation, and hence reduction of molecular size, generally reduces activity. Sulphate contents over 30% have little apparent effect on activity; κ-carrageenans were not consistently different in anti-ulcer activity from Λ-carrageenans. This contrasts with the antipeptic activity of carrageenans where κ-carrageenans are less active than their Λ-counter-parts. As with antipeptic activity, the degree of anti-ulcer activity is probably determined by a combination of structural features which includes molecular size and polyanionic properties.     

Affective and Anxiety Disorders and Alcohol and Drug Dependence:

Depression and anxiety frequently coexist in patients with substance use disorders. This clinically-oriented article examiens the relationship between these conditions and emphasizes data showing that substances of abuse can cause signs and symptoms of both depression and anxiety. These substance-related syndromes appear to have a different course and prognosis than uncomplicated, independent anxiety and major depressive disorders, and clinicians should consider the role of alcohol and other drugs in all patients presenting with these complaints. The authors will also outline an approach for diagnosing and managing patients with the combination of a substance use and depressive or anxiety disorder.     

Alcohol and Substance Use and Abuse in Women and Children

No abstract available for this article.     

Excretion and biotransformation of alfentanil and sufentanil in rats and dogs

The excretion and biotransformation of alfentanil (ALF) and sufentanil (SUF), two recent analogues of the synthetic opioid fentanyl, were studied after single iv administration of the tritium-labeled drugs in male rats and dogs. The drugs were almost completely metabolized in the two species, which resulted in a large number of metabolites. The excretion of the metabolites was rapid and exceeded 95% within 4 days, except for that of ALF metabolites in dogs (about 85%). For ALF, excretion of the radioactivity with the urine (73% in rats, about 76% in dogs) exceeded that with the feces. For SUF, excretion of the radioactivity with the urine amounted to 38 and 60% and that with the feces to 62 and 40%, in rats and dogs, respectively. Bile-cannulated rats excreted 68% with the bile within 24 hr after SUF dosing, and about 22% of this biliary radioactivity was subjected to enterohepatic circulation. After an ALF dose, the biliary excretion amounted to 24%, and the enterohepatic circulation was minimal. The main metabolic pathways of the two drugs were the oxidative N-dealkylation at the piperidine nitrogen and at the amide nitrogen, oxidative O-demethylation, aromatic hydroxylation, and the formation of ether glucuronides. N-[4-(Hydroxymethyl)-4-piperidinyl]-N-phenylpropanamide (M6) was the main metabolite of both ALF and SUF in rats. In dogs, the glucuronide of N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanamide (M5) was the main metabolite of ALF. After SUF dosing in dogs, N-[4-(methoxymethyl)-4-piperidinyl]-N-phenylpropanamide was more abundant than M5.