学习成绩、家庭环境对学龄儿童自我意识的影响

目的探讨学习成绩、家庭环境对儿童自我意识的影响.方法采用经验评估法、家庭环境量表和Piers-Harris儿童自我意识量表对9.5～12岁287名儿童的学习成绩、家庭环境和自我意识进行评定.结果自我意识总分学习困难组(58.76±11.01)＜学习中等组(64.59±7.87)＜学习优秀组(69.80±7.51),家庭环境量表中的亲密度、情感表达、矛盾性、知识性、娱乐性和控制性6个因素与自我意 识相关.结论学习成绩、家庭环境对学龄儿童自我意识的形成和发展起重要的作用,改善家庭环境、提高学习成绩,可有利于儿童自我意识的发展.     

学习困难儿童与家庭行为及学习适应性的相关性研究

目的 探讨学习困难(LD)儿童与家庭环境、行为特点及学习适应性的相关性。方法 选用家庭环境量表中文版(FES CV)、Achenbach儿童行为量表(CBCL)、小学生学习适应量表(AAT)分别对 160名学习困难的儿童及 120名正常儿童进行评定。结果 LD组儿童的家庭在亲密度(7. 28±1. 54vs7. 93±1. 21)、情感表达(5. 81±1. 62vs6. 42±1. 43)、知识性(5. 29±1. 74vs5. 77±1. 86)的评分低于对照组 (P<0. 05),而矛盾性(2. 78±1. 71vs2. 33±1. 52)则高于对照组 (P<0. 05)。LD组儿童在小学生学习适应性量表评定中学习动机(68. 24±15. 31vs74. 32±19. 62)、学习期望 (69. 33±16. 24vs76. 43±18. 77)、意志力(49. 85±7. 71vs54. 81±10. 37)、学习方法(36. 71±6. 74vs41. 43±6. 56)及家庭环境(72. 41±18. 47vs81. 82±19. 71)上评分显著低于对照组(P<0. 05)。Logistic逐步回归分析得出,学习困难与学习方法、学习期望、多动违纪、家庭知识性及性别有关。结论 LD儿童处在相对不良的家庭环境,儿童的行为特点及学习适应性与学习困难密切相关。     

学习障碍儿童的自我意识与个性、家庭环境关系的研究

研究学习障碍(learning disorder,LD)儿童的个性和家庭环境特征及其对患儿自我意识的影响,为LD儿童的综合治疗提供依据。方法采用Piers-Harris儿童自我意识量表(children’s self-concept scale,PHC-SS)、艾森克个性问卷(儿童版)(eysenck personality questionnaire-junior,EPQ.J)和家庭环境量表中文版(familyenvironment scale-Chinese version,FES-CV)等问卷对62名LD儿童(LD组)的自我意识、个性及家庭环境进行调查,与对照组58名正常儿童进行比较分析;并运用多元回归分析方法探讨个性与家庭环境对LD儿童的自我意识的影响。结果 LD组儿童在PHCSS评估中显示行为、智力与学校情况、合群、幸福与满足等因子得分及总分明显低于对照组(P<0.01或P<0.05);EPQ.J测验显示LD组儿童精神质、神经质量表分明显高于对照组(P<0.001),而掩饰量表分明显低于对照组(P<0.01);FES-CV结果示亲密度、知识性和道德宗教观LD组低于对照组(P<0.05),而矛盾性LD组高于对照组(P<0.01)。Pearson相关系数分析显示LD组儿童PHCSS总分与EPQ.J中的内外向和FES-CV中的亲密度、情感表达、娱乐性有关;多元回归分析显示LD组儿童PHCSS总分的主要影响因素为EPQ.J中的内外向和FES-CV中的亲密度。结论 LD儿童自我意识低于正常儿童,其总分受个性因素中的内外向和家庭环境中的亲密度两者影响较大,应及早采取有效的针对性干预措施。     

注意缺陷多动障碍患儿自我意识 家庭因素及其相关分析

目的研究注意缺陷多动障碍患儿的自我意识及家庭环境特点,探讨二者的相关关系,为该症的干预提供指导。方法抽取济宁市2所小学四五年级学生为观察对象,以Conners简明症状量表和美国精神病学会出版的《精神障碍诊断及统计手册》第4版(DSM-IV)诊断标准分别用作筛查和诊断,筛选出注意缺陷多动障碍患儿47例,在注意缺陷多动障碍患儿同班级、同性别、同年龄段(相差<1岁)的正常儿童中抽取47例作为对照。分别评定患儿及对照组儿童家庭环境及自我意识,并分析家庭环境对自我意识的影响。结果注意缺陷多动障碍组和对照组相比,病例组儿童家庭环境差于对照组,差异有统计学意义。注意缺陷多动障碍组患儿自我意识明显受损,家庭环境特征某些因素对注意缺陷多动障碍组患儿的自我意识有不同程度的影响。结论注意缺陷多动障碍儿童具有较低的自我意识和不良的家庭环境,不良的家庭环境影响患儿的自我意识。     

学习困难儿童与家庭行为及学习适应性的相关性研究

目的探讨学习困难(LD)儿童与家庭环境、行为特点及学习适应性的相关性.方法选用家庭环境量表中文版(FES-CV)、Achenbach儿童行为量表(CBCL)、小学生学习适应量表(AAT)分别对160名学习困难的儿童及120名正常儿童进行评定.结果 LD组儿童的家庭在亲密度(7.28±1.54 vs 7.93±1.21)、情感表达(5.81±1.62 vs 6.42±1.43)、知识性(5.29±1.74 vs 5.77±1.86)的评分低于对照组(P ＜0.05),而矛盾性(2.78±1.71 vs 2.33±1.52)则高于对照组(P ＜0.05).LD组儿童在小学生学习适应性量表评定中学习动机(68.24±15.31 vs 74.32±19.62)、学习期望(69.33±16.24 vs 76.43±18.77)、意志力(49.85±7.71 vs 54.81±10.37)、学习方法(36.71±6.74 vs 41.43±6.56)及家庭环境(72.41±18.47 vs 81.82±19.71)上评分显著低于对照组(P ＜0.05).Logistic逐步回归分析得出,学习困难与学习方法、学习期望、多动违纪、家庭知识性及性别有关.结论 LD儿童处在相对不良的家庭环境,儿童的行为特点及学习适应性与学习困难密切相关.     

SOS儿童村儿童自我意识与人格特征的研究

目的 探讨SOS儿童村儿童的自我意识及其人格特征.方法 采用Piers-Harris儿童自我意识量表(PHCSS)、艾森克人格问卷儿童版(EPQ)及自制一般情况调查表分别评定61名SOS儿童村儿童(SOS组)及性别和年龄相匹配的单亲家庭(单亲组)和完整家庭(完整组)儿童各61名.结果 SOS组男童的行为、躯体外貌与属性、幸福与满足及自我意识总分低于完整组男童[(10.69±2.74)分,(12.57±2.36)分,P=0.013;(6.51±2.63)分,(8.29±2.75)分,P=0.011;(6.54±1.93)分,(7.97±1.60)分,P=0.004;(48.09±10.88)分,(55.86±10.11)分,P=0.007)],3组女童自我意识因子分及总分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).SOS组女童的E分低于完整组女童(P=0.004).儿童自我意识状况与其人格特征、学习环境、家庭结构、家长学习期望、学习成绩、要好朋友数及亲子日常交流相关(-0.566相似文献   

抽动障碍患儿的智力记忆力自我意识及个性特征研究

目的探讨抽动障碍患儿的智力、记忆力、自我意识及个性特征。方法采用中国修订版的儿童韦氏智力量表、临床记忆量表、Piers Harris儿童自我意识量表、艾克森人格问卷对 66例抽动障碍患儿进行心理评估 ,并与健康儿童测量结果进行对比分析。结果抽动障碍患儿言语智商、操作智商和总智商(分别为 94.0 3± 9.0 0 ,97.95± 12 .5 1,95 .5 9± 9.72 )明显低于对照组 (分别为 10 4.81± 7.0 4,10 0 .65± 9.5 2 ,10 3 .3 3± 7.44 ) (P <0 .0 0 1) ,操作量表中除拼图分测验无异常外其余分测验及言语量表各分测验均明显低于对照组 ,差异有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 1) ,提示抽动障碍患儿的智力结构存在普遍性损伤。抽动障碍患儿记忆商 ( 95 .19± 12 .99)在正常范围 ,但明显低于对照组 ( 10 5 .46± 16.2 2 ) (P <0 .0 1) ,提示抽动障碍患儿可能有一定程度的记忆损害。个性测验显示抽动障碍患儿精神质、神经质量表分显著高于对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ,而内外向性量表分显著低于对照组 (P <0 .0 1)。自我意识评估显示抽动障碍患儿焦虑及躯体外貌与属性两因子得分显著低于对照组 (P <0 .0 1)。结论抽动障碍患儿可能存在着不同程度的神经心理缺陷。     

儿童攻击性行为与养育方式、家庭环境和自我意识的相关研究

目的 了解儿童攻击性行为与父母养育方式、家庭环境、自我意识之间的关系.方法 采用儿童行为量表、父母养育方式评价量表、家庭环境量表、Piers-Harris儿童自我意识量表对181名小学六年级学生(其中男生79名、女生102名)进行测评.结果 儿童行为量表中男生的攻击性因子与家庭环境量表的道德宗教观因子、自我意识量表的幸福与满足因子呈显著负相关(r=-0.222,r=-0.224,P＜0.05),与父母养育方式量表母亲的情感温暖与理解因子(M1)、父亲的拒绝否认因子(F5)呈显著正相关(r=0.228,r=0.219,P＜0.05);女生的攻击性因子与家庭环境量表的亲密度因子、父母养育方式量表的情感温暖与理解因子呈显著负相关(r=-0.286,r=-0.212,r=-0.216,P＜0.01或P＜0.05),与父亲的惩罚严厉因子呈显著正相关(r=0.223,P＜0.05);逐步多元回归分析表明,父母养育方式量表母亲的情感温暖与理解因子、父亲的拒绝否认因子、自我意识量表的幸福与满足因子对男生的攻击性具有预测作用,家庭环境量表的亲密度因子、父母养育方式量表母亲的情感温暖与理解因子对女生的攻击性具有预测作用.结论 良好家庭氛围和教养方式及培养积极的自我意识有助于儿童攻击性行为的预防和干预.     

家庭环境因素对7～13岁儿童自我意识的影响研究

目的了解7～13岁儿童自我意识的现况及其家庭环境影响因素。方法采用Piers-Harris儿童自我意识量表（CSCS）和家庭环境量表中文版（FES-CV）对386例7～13儿童进行调查。结果 7～13岁儿童自我意识水平偏低、正常、偏高的检出率分别为35.2%、39.4%、25.4%。父母不同受教育程度及职业类别儿童自我意识水平差异有统计学意义（P〈0.001～0.01）。儿童自我意识总分偏低者相比正常及偏高者FES-CV的矛盾性分量表得分要高（P〈0.05）,知识性及娱乐性分量表得分要低（P〈0.01）。结论家庭环境对7～13岁儿童自我意识的形成和发展都起重要作用。改善家庭环境,有利于儿童形成积极的自我意识。     

认知行为干预对青少年学习困难的影响

目的探讨青少年学习困难(LD)与家庭环境、个性特征、心理状态和学习适应性的关系及认知行为干预对青少年学习困难的影响.方法对符合学习困难诊断标准的286例青少年进行为期六个月的认知行为干预,干预前后分别采用家庭环境量表、心理状态自评量表、YG性格测试量表、中学生学习适应量表进行评定,并设 160例正常青少年作对照比较. 结果与对照组相比,LD组家庭亲密度(7.36±1.71)、情感表达(5.67±1.56)、知识性(5.53±1.78)评分低于对照组(P <0.01),而矛盾性(2.77±1.45)高于对照组(P <0.01).个人学习动机(66.14±14.43)、学习期望(60.32±15.74)和意志力(39.76±7.16)、学习方法(31.88±6.19)评分低于对照组(P <0.01).在YG性格测试量表中,抑郁性、情绪变化、神经症、协调性及细致性与对照组有差异(P <0.05,P <0.01),干预后均有不同程度改善.结论 LD青少年处在相对不良的家庭环境中,学习困难与学习适应性、个性特征及心理状态等心理社会因素密切相关.认知行为干预对青少年学习困难有明显的改善作用.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.