儿童动脉导管未闭的外科治疗

动脉导管未闭是一种常见的先天性心脏病,根据北京和上海两地1085例先天性心血管病的统计资料,动脉导管未闭的比较发病率为21.2％,仅次于心房间隔缺损(21.4％)。在15岁以下的病例组中,动脉导管未闭最为常见,其比较发病率居第一位。由于大多数动脉导管未闭病例在儿童期中即出现症状,因此往往在早年即就诊而确定诊断。近年来多数学者均主张诊断一经确定,即应施行手术治疗。上海第一医     

儿童动脉导管未闲手术护理

儿童动脉导管未闲手术护理朱素华动脉导管未闭占先天性心脏病的２０％，发病率仅次于室间隔缺损。１９８０年１月至１９９５年５月我院手术治疗动脉导管未闭患者共１４２例，其中１４岁以下的儿童１０８例，经治疗及精心护理均痊愈出院。现就儿童动脉导管未闭手术的护理工...     

食管癌遗传流行病学病例对照研究

应用遗传流行病学和病例对照研究方法，对淮安市１６３个乡食管癌高危人群中的２４９例食管癌病例进行遗传度分析以及１∶１配比病例对照研究。结果表明：食管癌一级血缘亲属的遗传度为３６．６９％，明显高于二级血缘亲属的遗传度（７．１６％）；各级亲属的加权平均遗传度达３３．６５％；一、二级血缘亲属的预期率为７．５７％和４．２７％；与实际率（８．２８％和３．８９％）比较均无显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０５），提示食管癌可能     

动脉导管未闭结扎术的新认识

动脉导管未闭占先天性心脏病的20％,发病率仅次于室间隔缺损。动脉导管未闭的治疗方法多种多样。本文介绍我院自1980年～1990年,共63例先天性心脏病动脉导管未闭的外科治疗体会,提出了新的认识,现报告如下。     

动脉导管未闭患者的皮纹学研究

皮纹与一些疾病的关系之研究已有不少资料,但有关先天性心脏病皮纹的研究报道却很少。为了解动脉导管未闭患者的皮纹情况,我们对本院心胸外科收治的31例动脉导管未闭(PDA)患者的皮纹情况作了研究,并与温州市区142例中小学生健康者的皮纹作对照。调查分析方法参照郭汉壁报道的方法(见《遗传》1991;13(1):38)。其结果见表1、2。     

链霉素耳中毒遗传方式的研究

经对258名链霉素耳中毒患者及其亲属使用链霉素情况进行回顾性调查及群体分析表明:其一级亲属、二级亲属、三级亲属现患率分别为2.1448％、0.9748％、0.2059％。患者各级亲属现患率均高于新疆地区社会人群链霉素耳中毒现患率(0.0777％)。患者各级亲属的现惠率表现出随亲属级别降低现患率迅速下降的趋势。这些结果表明链霉素耳中毒未表现出单基因遗传病的遗传规律,而是符合多基因遗传病的特点。从多基因病的角度出发,作者计算了链霉素耳中毒遗传度为66％。     

山西省阳泉市部分人口食管癌遗传流行学病调查

目的了解遗传因素在食管癌病因中的作用。方法在山西省阳泉市进行了１／１０人口,６个乡、共１３万人的食管癌家族遗传流行学调查,对得到的２２８个食管癌高发家系和同等数量的对照家系进行了１：１病例－对照研究。结果（１）食管癌一级亲属的遗传度为５２．６％,二级亲属遗传度为３１．２％,一、二级亲属加权平均遗传度为４９．２％;（２）食管癌病例在各家族中不按二项式分布,呈家族聚集趋势;（３）分离比Ｐ＝１７．６％±３．３％,小于２５％,提示食管癌不是按单基因遗传的;（４）男性一级亲属相对风险为１０．４９,女性一级亲属ＲＲ为７．６９,合计一级亲属ＲＲ为９．１７;（５）男性一级亲属归因风险（ＡＲ）为６２．１３／１０万,女性一级亲属ＡＲ为９９．９４／１０万,合计一级亲属ＡＲ为７５．１５／１０万,均高于一般居民的４０．１７／１０万。结论遗传因素在阳泉食管癌发病中起到较为重要的作用。     

动脉硬化性脑梗塞遗传因素探讨

本文报道102例经CT证实的动脉硬化性脑梗塞患者及其配比对照的家系调查资料。病例一级亲属患病率(6.1％)高于对照一级亲属患病率(2.0)％,遗传度为41±7％两性的遗传度无明显差异。不同年龄组中,以≤65岁者与遗传的关系最密切。结果说明遗传因素对动脉硬化性脑梗塞尤其中年病例的发病起着重要作用。     

无连续性杂音的动脉导管未闭的超声心动图特征及原因分析

无连续性杂音的动脉导管未闭的超声心动图特征及原因分析宿秀霜１朱梅２（１安丘县人民医院２６２１００２山东省立医院）动脉导管未闭是临床较常见的一种先天性心脏病，其发病率约占先天性心脏病的２１．２％。大多数动脉导管未闭由于其典型的连续性杂音及显著的彩色多普...     

182例鼻咽癌遗传流行病学现场配对调查

本文调查了182例鼻咽癌病例及其对照者一、二级亲属成员的家族癌曾患情况,结果表明鼻咽癌家族聚集性十分明显,鼻咽癌病例一级亲属成员易患鼻咽癌的风险为正常人群的13.2倍。鼻咽癌的遗传方式较为符合多基因遗传,遗传度为49±6％。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.