螺旋藻多糖硫酸酯抗肿瘤及免疫活性的研究

目的：对螺旋藻多糖硫酸酯（SPSP）的抗肿瘤及免疫活性进行研究。方法：采用四甲基偶氮唑盐（MTT）法观察SPSP体外对多种肿瘤细胞的细胞毒作用；利用小鼠移植性肿瘤模型观察了SPSP体内对小鼠S180肉瘤和Heps肝癌的抑制作用；通过小鼠碳粒廓清速率和血清溶血素实验研究了SPSP对正常小鼠免疫功能的影响。结果：SPSP体外对肿瘤细胞表现有一定的细胞毒作用，体内对小鼠S180肉瘤和Heps肝癌具有显著的抑制作用，SPSP还能提高正常小鼠的碳粒廓清速率和血清溶血素水平。结论：SPSP的抗肿瘤活性可能与其直接细胞毒作用和增强机体的免疫功能有关。     

螺旋藻多糖硫酸酯化修饰前后抗肿瘤及免疫活性的研究

比较螺旋藻多糖硫酸酯化修饰前后体内外抗肿瘤及免疫活性.采用MTT比色法研究药物在体外对人肿瘤细胞株的抑制作用,促进正常小鼠脾淋巴细胞的增殖活性以及对荷瘤小鼠NK和CTL细胞活性的影响.采用移植性肿瘤实验方法考察了药物对小鼠S180肉瘤的抑制作用.结果显示,螺旋藻多糖（NPSP）对肿瘤细胞株几乎无细胞毒作用,硫酸酯化螺旋藻多糖（SNPSP）对肿瘤细胞株具有显著的细胞毒作用,其中对SMMC-7721人肝癌细胞株抑制率最高达50%.NPSP50 mg/kg对小鼠S180肉瘤无抑制,相同剂量的SNPSP对小鼠S180肉瘤的抑制率达35.42%.NPSP具有促进脾淋巴细胞增殖作用,但对ConA和LPS诱导的脾淋巴细胞增殖反应无促进作用,SNPSP促进脾淋巴细胞增殖作用较NPSP增强,同时对ConA和LPS诱导的脾淋巴细胞增殖反应也具有明显的促进作用.NPSP和SNPSP均能促进荷瘤小鼠NK细胞和CTL细胞活性,其中SNPSP促进CTL细胞活性较NPSP增强.     

海洋酸性多糖J201A抑制肺成纤维细胞增殖活性的探讨

目的：研究海带酸性聚糖J201A对人胚肺成纤维细胞（HLF）体外增殖的抑制作用及其作用机制，方法：MTT法观察J201A对HLF体外增殖的抑制情况，流式细胞仪检测J201A对HLF增殖周期及蛋白质合成的影响；荧光染色法验证HLF上J201A受体的存在，结果：J201A体外能明显抑制HLF的增殖，将其阻抑在G0／G1期，能明显抑制其蛋白质的合成，且HLF上存在J201A的受体，结论：J201A可通过周期抑制和蛋白质合成抑制而阻止HLF的增殖，从而起到抗纤维化作用。     

千金子I号体内外抗肿瘤药理作用的实验研究

目的 观察千金子I号体内、外抗肿瘤活性及对免疫器官的影响。方法 体外药效试验用MTT法，观察千金子I号对人宫颈癌细胞(HeLa)增殖作用的影响；体内用小鼠移植性肿瘤，采用荷瘤小鼠瘤重、抑瘤率检测千金子I号对肉瘤180(S180)和艾氏腹水癌(EAC)的抑制作用；通过检测胸腺指数、脾脏指数等指标观察千金子I号对免疫器官的影响。结果 千金子I号体外对HeLa细胞的增殖有显著的抑制作用；对荷瘤小鼠肉瘤180(S180)和艾氏腹水癌(EAC)也有抗肿瘤活性。结论 千金子I号具有一定的体内外抗肿瘤活性，同时对免疫功能又无影响。     

胡桃楸提取物的抗肿瘤作用

目的探讨胡桃楸提取物SH体内外抗肿瘤活性。方法体外实验应用MTT法检测SH对人宫颈癌细胞株HeLa、小鼠腹水型肝癌细胞株Hca-F的增殖抑制作用;体内实验应用小鼠S180实体瘤动物模型,通过对荷瘤小鼠体质量以及抑瘤率的影响,评价SH不同剂量(4.5、9.0、18.0 mg·kg-1)以及与化疗药物环磷酰胺(cyclophosphamide,CTX)联合用药对S180肉瘤的生长抑制作用。结果体外实验表明,SH可以显著抑制HeLa、Hca-F肿瘤细胞的增殖;体内实验表明,SH具有明显的抑瘤作用,中、高剂量组(9、18 mg·kg-1)的抑瘤率分别为25.9%和35.3%,与CTX联合用药时,能够提高CTX的抑瘤率,中、高剂量组(9+10 mg·kg-1、18+10 mg·kg-1)抑瘤作用呈现相加作用。结论胡桃楸提取物SH,在体外能够明显抑制HeLa、Hca-F肿瘤细胞的增殖,在体内能够抑制荷瘤小鼠S180肉瘤生长,提示胡桃楸提取物SH具有一定的抗肿瘤活性。     

松树皮中原花青素对荷S180肉瘤小鼠抗肿瘤作用的研究

目的 研究松树皮原花青素小鼠体内抗肿瘤作用。方法 采用小鼠移植性肿瘤模型考察松树皮原花青素对荷瘤小鼠S180肉瘤抑制作用;流式细胞仪检测原花青素对肿瘤细胞周期的影响;ATPase试剂盒检测原花青素对肿瘤细胞中钙泵活性的影响;激光共聚焦显微镜观察原花青素对肿瘤细胞中钙离子含量的影响。结果 松树皮原花青素抑制荷瘤小鼠S180肉瘤的生长;抑制肿瘤细胞中钙泵活性,升高钙离子的含量并使肿瘤细胞G0/G1期比例降低,S期细胞的比例增加。结论 松树皮原花青素体内对S180肿瘤细胞具有一定的抗肿瘤作用。     

螺旋藻多糖对HeLa细胞生长的影响

目的；研究螺旋藻多糖（polysaccharide from Spirulina platensis,PSP)对体外培养的HeLa细胞生长的影响。方法：MTT法测定螺旋藻多糖的抗肿瘤活性；光镜观察螺旋藻多糖对HeLa细胞形态学的影响；流式细胞术检测螺旋藻多糖对肿瘤细胞周期的影响。结果：随螺旋藻多糖浓度的增加，HeLa细胞存活率逐渐降低。抑制率逐渐增加；光镜下的观察显示，螺旋藻多糖作用24-48h后，细胞出现明显的形态学改变；流式细胞术证实螺旋藻多糖对肿瘤细胞存在周期特异性，使细胞发生G1期阻滞。结论：螺旋藻多糖抑制HeLa细胞的增殖，可能与该细胞发生G1期阻滞有关。     

苦瓜多糖抗肿瘤及免疫增强活性的研究

目的：研究苦瓜多糖的体内抗肿瘤及增强免疫作用,探讨可能作用机制。方法：通过建立小鼠S180肉瘤、H22肝癌肿瘤模型观察苦瓜多糖的抗肿瘤作用．此外应用MTT法观察苦瓜多糖对小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖作用的影响．应用比色法观察苦瓜多糖对小鼠单核巨噬细胞RAW264．7吞噬功能的影响．运用Gfiess试剂检测苦瓜多糖促进小鼠单核巨噬细胞RAW264．7分泌No含量的变化。结果：苦瓜多糖高中低剂量组能明显抑制小鼠S180肉瘤、H22肝癌肿瘤的生长,同时能明显增加荷瘤小鼠的脾腺指数和胸腺指数。此外苦瓜多糖能显著刺激小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖．明显提高小鼠单核巨噬细胞RAW264．7吞噬中性红的能力,明显促进小鼠单核巨噬细胞RAW264．7分泌No。结论：推测苦瓜多糖具有较强的免疫增强活性并可能通过刺激淋巴细胞、并增强巨噬细胞的活化来调节机体的免疫功能．从而抑制肿瘤细胞的生长。     

珠蚌多糖对实验性移植肿瘤及NK细胞活性的作用

目的研究珠蚌多糖对实验性移植小鼠肿瘤以及对自然杀伤细胞（NK细胞）活性的影响。方法采用两种小鼠移植性肿瘤模型，观察珠蚌多糖对在体肿瘤细胞生长的影响；通过脾淋巴细胞与K562肿瘤细胞的共培养，体外检测NK细胞的活性。结果珠蚌多糖200，100mg·kg^-1对小鼠S180肉瘤的抑制率分别达到49．4％和47．1％，对C57BL／6小鼠B16BL6黑色素瘤的抑瘤率分别为39．1％和34．2％；显著提高S180肉瘤小鼠免疫脏器胸腺指数、脾指数；体外10，100μg·mL^-1珠蚌多糖可增强NK细胞对K562细胞的抑制活性。结论珠蚌多糖对实验移植性小鼠肿瘤生长有明显的抑制作用，体外一定剂量范围内可诱导NK细胞活性。     

紫草多糖对S180荷瘤小鼠免疫器官及细胞因子TNF-α和IFN-γ的影响

目的:探讨紫草多糖具有抗肿瘤作用。方法:通过对小鼠腋下移植实体肉瘤S180进行体内抗肿瘤药效学实验;采用ELISA法检测荷瘤小鼠血清中细胞因子TNF-α和IFN-γ含量的影响。结果:各剂量组紫草多糖均表现出一定的抑瘤作用,能够抑制S180实体瘤的生长;ZCP能明显诱导荷瘤小鼠体内TNF-α和IFN-γ的生成。结论:紫草多糖具有抗肿瘤作用,其抗肿瘤作用主要是通过调节机体免疫功能来实现的。     

2,3-吲哚醌抗肿瘤作用研究

目的研究2,3-吲哚醌的抗肿瘤作用及机制。方法观察2,3-吲哚醌对小鼠肉瘤(S180)、小鼠肝癌(H22)、小鼠艾氏腹水瘤实体型(EC)和腹水型(EAC)的抗肿瘤作用;免疫组化法测定药物对S180肿瘤组织中PCNA、Bcl-2蛋白表达的影响;核染色法(Hoechst33258染色)和MTT法观察2,3-吲哚醌对人神经母瘤(SH-SY5Y)细胞体外促凋亡和抗增殖作用。结果2,3-吲哚醌对3种小鼠移植性肿瘤有抑制作用,对荷瘤鼠血液白细胞水平无影响;2,3-吲哚醌可抑制S180肿瘤组织中PCNA,Bcl-2蛋白表达;2,3-吲哚醌可促进人神经母瘤细胞凋亡并抑制其增殖。结论2,3-吲哚醌有抗肿瘤作用,其机制与抑制肿瘤细胞增殖,诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡有关。     

Inhibition of in vivo angiogenesis by N-beta-alanyl-5-S-glutathionyl-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine

N-beta-alanyl-5-S-glutathionyl-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (5-S-GAD), an antibacterial substance isolated from the flesh fly, inhibits human tumor growth in the nude mice model; however, the mechanism of its action is unclear. The in vivo antitumor effect includes the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and suppression of angiogenesis. Angiogenesis is essential for tumor growth in vivo. In this study, we examined whether 5-S-GAD inhibits tumor cell-induced angiogenesis by performing the mouse dorsal air sac assay. We found that intraperitoneal administration of 5-S-GAD inhibited the angiogenesis induced by S180 mouse sarcoma cells. Furthermore, 5-S-GAD also inhibited vascular endothelial growth factor-induced angiogenesis in the Matrigel plug assay and embryonic angiogenesis in the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane assay. However, 5-S-GAD did not show any effect on the proliferation, migration, and tube formation of vascular endothelial cells. These results provide the first evidence that a bioactive substance derived from the flesh fly has antiangiogenic activity in vivo, although the mechanisms involved could not be explained.     

1,3-丁二酮类衍生物对S-180肉瘤细胞生长抑制作用体外实验研究

目的观察1,3-丁二酮类衍生物对S180肿瘤细胞生长的影响,为进一步的研究提供依据。方法细胞增殖程度采用MTT比色法。结果 1,3-丁二酮衍生物B具有较强的抑制S180细胞增殖的作用;1,3-丁二酮衍生物A对S180细胞增殖抑制作用较弱。结论 1,3-丁二酮衍生物B对小鼠S180肿瘤细胞体外增殖有明显抑制作用。     

参麦注射液的抗肿瘤作用研究

目的 研究参麦注射液体内外抗肿瘤作用.方法 以小鼠肉瘤S180、肝癌H22、Lewis肺癌实体瘤模型考察参麦注射液的体内抑瘤作用;通过MTT法考察参麦注射液体外对人宫颈癌HeLa细胞和人肝癌HepG 2细胞的增殖抑制作用.结果 参麦注射液在体内对小鼠肉瘤S180、肝癌H22、Lewis肺癌均有显著的抑制作用,且呈剂量相关性,中、高剂量抑瘤率可达35％以上;体外对人宫颈癌HeLa细胞和人肝癌HepG 2细胞亦有增殖抑制作用,且呈浓度-时间相关性,48 h的IC50值分别为0.36、0.72 g/mL,72h的IC50值分别为0.21、0.29 g/mL.结论 参麦注射液体内外均有显著的抗肿瘤活性.     

The anticancer activities of wogonin in murine sarcoma S180 both in vitro and in vivo

The anticancer effects of wogonin on murine sarcoma S180 both in vitro and in vivo were investigated, and its pro-apoptotic molecular mechanism was further studied. Wogonin treatment resulted in significant inhibition of S180 cells in a concentration-dependent manner detected by MTT assay. The IC(50) value for 48 h was (7.37+/-1.53)x10(-5) M. Typical morphological changes and apoptosis bleb phenomenon in S180 cells exposed to wogonin were distinctly observed by the inverted light microscope and the fluorescence microscope, respectively. According to protocols of transplanted tumor research,(1)) mice were transplanted with tumor cells S180. The weight of tumor and the peripheral leucocyte count were observed after the treatment of wogonin. The significant suppression of tumor growth was observed, and the peripheral leucocyte count of S180-bearing mice remained no significant changes compared with control group. After the treatment of 40 mg/kg wogonin, the inhibitory rate of tumor weight was 53.01%. Additional DNA fragmentation assay showed that wogonin induced apoptosis on murine sarcoma S180 tissue. RT-PCR results indicated that the increasing mRNA levels of bax and p53 and the decreasing mRNA level of bcl-2 were induced by wogonin. Western-blot assay showed that the increasing protein level of bax and the decreasing protein level of bcl-2 were induced by wogonin. Collectively, wogonin could induce apoptosis in murine sarcoma S180 thereby inhibiting the tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo. The pro-apoptotic effects might be related to the improvement of mRNA level of p53, the improvement of mRNA and protein levels of bax, and the reduction of mRNA and protein levels of bcl-2.     

洋葱挥发油抗肿瘤作用的实验研究

目的:研究洋葱挥发油离体对人肝癌细胞株(QCY-7703)、人胃癌细胞株(MGC-803)、人宫颈癌细胞株(Hela)、人肺腺癌细胞株(SPC-A-1)的增殖抑制作用和在体对小鼠肉瘤S180及小鼠艾氏腹水癌的抑制作用。方法:采用MTT法检测不同剂量的洋葱挥发油对4种肿瘤细胞增殖的影响,复制小鼠肉瘤S180和小鼠艾氏腹水癌模型,检测不同剂量(1000、500、250mg·kg-1)的洋葱挥发油对小鼠肿瘤的抑制作用,比较其抑制率。结果:洋葱挥发油离体和在体实验中对肿瘤细胞均具有较强的增殖抑制作用。结论:洋葱挥发油能抑制多种肿瘤细胞的增殖,对肿瘤细胞有明显的细胞毒性作用。     

Redifferentiation of human hepatoma cell induced by 6-(p-chlorophenyl)-3-[1-(p-chlorophenyl)-5-methyl-1 H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl]-s-triazolo[3,4-b]-1,3,4-thiadiazole (TDZ)

6-(p-Chlorophenyl)-3-[1-(p-chlorophenyl)-5-methyl-1 H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl]-s-triazolo[3,4-b]-1,3,4-thiadiazole (TDZ) is a derivative of various substituted s-triazolo[3,4-b]-1,3,4-thiadiazoles, which are associated with diverse pharmacological activities. However, the antitumor activity of TDZ is not well understood. To evaluate its role on tumor cell lines, we have examined the effect of TDZ on two tumor lines: human hepatoma cell (SMMC-7721) in vitro and Sarcoma180 tumor (S180) in vivo. The cytotoxicity of TDZ on human hepatoma cells was assessed using the MTT assay. The inhibition on tumor growth was evaluated by means of trypan blue exclusion test in vitro, and using a Sarcoma180 tumor (S180) animal model in vivo. A scanning electronic microscope was used to discover the morphological changes on cell surface, cell electrophoresis was employed to determine the changes of cell surface negative charges, and alpha-fetoprotein was applied as a biomarker of hepatoma. The effect of TDZ on DNA synthesis was determined by a [3H]-thymidine incorporation assay, and cell cycle distribution by flow cytometry. The IC50 value of TDZ on SMMC-7721 cells was 52.9 microg/ml (48 h). However, TDZ could inhibit the growth of SMMC-7721 cells at concentrations far lower than the IC50 value. Treated with the same low concentrations of TDZ, microvilli on the surface of SMMC-7721 cells decreased obviously, electrophoresis rate of cells reduced from 2.14 microm ms(-1) x V(-1) x cm(-1) of control to 1.54 and 1.56 microm x s(-1) x V-1 x cm(-1), the content of AFP dropped from 205.14 +/- 6.41 ng x mg(-1) Pr to 115.68 +/- 3.47 and 78.57 +/- 2.35 ng mg(-1) Pr, and the DNA replication was inhibited by 26.8% and 45.2%. These results indicated that TDZ may inhibit proliferation of cancer cells by reversing SMMC-7721 cells malignant phenotypic characteristics and inducing redifferentiation. Flow cytometry showed that TDZ-treated cells resulted in a higher proportion of cells in S phase compared with untreated cells, and only when the concentration reached 64 microg/ml, the apoptosis could happen at the rate of 4.2%. Detection of the inhibition of Sarcoma 180 tumor growth in vivo showed that TDZ reduced the tumor weight and 69.08% of the growth was inhibited. TDZ could inhibit the proliferation of tumors in vitro and in vivo; the possible antitumor mechanism might be inducing redifferentiation at a lower dosage on vitro.     

Antitumor activities of a novel indolin-2-ketone compound, Z24: more potent inhibition on bFGF-induced angiogenesis and bcl-2 over-expressing cancer cells

The present study was designed to select the effective dosage range of Z24 [3Z-3-[(1H-pyrrol-2-yl)-methylidene]-1-(1-piperidinylmethyl)-1,3-2H-indol-2-one], a novel synthetic indolin-2-ketone small-molecule compound, against tumorigenesis and angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo and to investigate the primary action mechanism of Z24 on the angiogenesis by comparing with SU5416 [3-[(2,4-dimethylpyrrol-5-yl)methyllidenyl]-indolin-2-one] in the selective effects on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) signaling and Bcl-2-related cell vitality because Z24 is a potential inhibitor of the Bcl-2 that inhibits growth of multiple tumor types in vivo in our previous study. Per os Z24 inhibited dose-dependently the mouse S180 xenograft tumor growth and angiogenesis in mouse subcutaneous (s.c.) Matrigel plugs in vivo. The maximum growth inhibitory rate was 56.1% by 80 mg/kg/day on S180 mouse sarcoma cells; however, the maximum inhibitory potency on angiogenesis in C57BL/6 mouse subcutaneous Matrigel plug model was 50 mg/kg/day. Z24 inhibited angiogenesis in chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and invasion and inhibited tube formation of endothelial cells in a dose-dependent manner. Compared with SU5416, the IC50 (50% inhibition concentration) of Z24 on the proliferation of ECV-304 carcinoma cells induced by VEGF or bFGF was 24.4 and 17.99 microM, respectively, which is higher or lower, respectively, than that of SU5416 (14.2 microM for VEGF and 22.7 microM for bFGF). Furthermore, the IC50 of Z24 on the proliferation of Bcl-2 over-expressing HeLa cells and non-Bcl-2-expressing (wild-type) HeLa cells are 11.9 and 24.8 microM, respectively. SU5416 did not exert such a selective inhibiting effect on Bcl-2 over-expressing HeLa cells. These results suggest that Z24 per os has dose-dependent antitumor and antiangiogenesis pharmacological activity. The higher selectivity of Z24 on Bcl-2 protein and on bFGF other than VEGF signaling path may contribute to its efficiency against tumor and tumor-associated angiogenesis.     

辽东葱木皂苷体内外抗肿瘤作用的实验研究

目的通过体内外抗肿瘤实验观察辽东葱木皂苷的抗肿瘤作用.方法:在小鼠异体移植性S180肿瘤模型上观察辽东葱木皂苷的抗肿瘤作用,同时用MTT比色法检测辽东葱木皂苷对腺癌A549和喉癌Hep2细胞株的体外细胞毒作用.结果:辽东葱木皂苷对荷S180小鼠肿瘤生长有明显抑制作用,高、中、低剂量组抑瘤率分别是70.31%,47.23%,41.31%;而且能明显抑制体外培养的肿瘤细胞的生长,对两种细胞有明显的细胞毒效应,其IC50分别是0.0155 mg/ml和0.0246mg/ml;结论:辽东葱木皂苷具有一定的体内外抗肿瘤活性.