3,5-diBr-PADAP自动化分析法测定血清铜

铜是人体所必需的微量元素,为多种氧化酶的辅基,对维持人体正常生理功能起重要作用,体内铜过多或过少都会导致生理机能的紊乱。目前,临床上多采用络合剂显色的手工比色法。而应用自动生化分析仪测定血清铜的分析方法则不多见。本文参考有关文献,通过加速血清铜解离和使蛋白稳定措施的研究,报道了以2-(3,5-二溴-2-吡喧偶氮)-5-二乙氨基酚(3,5—diBr—PADAP)为显色剂,双试剂两点终点法自动化测定血清铜的新方法。该法与5—Br-PADAP自动分析法相比,灵敏度高、试剂空白小,准确、快速,     

喉癌患者血清和喉组织中铜、锌含量的分析

用原子吸收光谱仪测定了45例喉癌病人血清和喉癌组织及其癌旁组织中铜、锌含量。同时检测了28例健康人血清铜、锌含量。结果喉癌病人血清铜含量(1.94±2.83μmol/L)、铜/锌比值(1.29±0.33)高于正常对照值(血清铜15.39±2.36μmol/L、铜/锌比值0.87±0.18);喉癌病人血清锌含量(15.76±3.67μmol/L)低于正常对照值(17.75±3.21μmol/L);喉癌病人血清铜含量和铜/锌比值随着喉癌进展而增高;喉癌组织中铜含量及铜/锌比值高于其癌旁组织,差异均有显著意义。结果表明:铜,锌与喉癌的发生,发展可能存在一定的相互关系;血清铜含量及铜/锌比值对喉癌的分期有一定的辅助价值。     

萃取－火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定人体全血铜含量的研究

比较了甲醇、丙酮和甲基异丁基酮（ＭＩＢＫ）３种有机溶剂在火焰原子吸收分光光度法测铜时的增敏效应，其中以ＭＩＢＫ效果最佳。并提出了一种用吡咯烷二硫代氨基甲酸铵（ＡＰＤＣ）为络合剂，ＭＩＢＫ为溶剂的萃取体系（ＡＰＤＣ－ＭＩＢＫ），萃取血样消化液中的铜，随后将有机相直接喷入火焰测定铜含量的萃取－火焰原子吸收分光光度法。     

血清铜及血清游离铜对肝豆状核变性患者及携带者的诊断及治疗监测意义

目的 研究血清铜和血清游离铜在肝豆状核变性(WD)、WD携带者、病毒性肝炎等疾病中的诊断价值.探讨监测血清铜对于WD患者排铜治疗过程中的指导意义.方法 选取2007年7月至2011年1月住院治疗的WD初诊患者80例(脑型60例,肝型20例)、WD携带者30例,病毒性肝炎20例进行血清铜等铜代谢指标检查.WD患者接受二巯基丙磺钠治疗8个疗程,每疗程用改良Young量表进行神经症状评分,进行肝功能、出凝血功能、血清铜、尿铜等检查.患者出院后用锌剂维持治疗.结果进行Logistic回归分析、t检验和方差检验等统计学分析.结果 WD患者、WD携带者、重型病毒性肝炎血清游离铜分别为0.17 mg/L±0.04 mg/L、0.13 mg/L±0.03 mg/L和0.12mg/L,高于正常.血清游离铜与肝功能等级相关,但与神经症状严重程度无关.排铜治疗过程中,神经症状改善不明显或加重者,血清铜升高;神经症状改善者,血清铜降低.长期排铜过程中,血清铜将稳定在0.2 mg/L左右.结论 血清铜和血清游离铜对WD有辅助诊断意义.肝型WD患者肝功能将影响血清铜水平.而脑型WD血清铜并不能直接反映神经症状严重程度.排铜治疗过程中,血清铜升高,提示预后不佳.在排铜治疗过程中,血清铜可作为监测治疗是否有效的指标,可作为排铜治疗目标.     

萃取—火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定人体全身铜含量的研究

比较了甲醇、丙酮和甲基异丁基酮（ＭＩＢＫ）３种有机溶剂在火焰原子吸收分光光度法测铜时的增敏效应，其中以ＭＩＢＫ效果最佳。并提出了一种用吡咯烷二硫代氨基甲酸铵（ＡＰＤＣ）为络合剂，ＭＩＢＫ为溶剂的萃取体系（ＡＰＤＣ－ＭＩＢＫ），萃取血样消化液中的铜，随后将有机相直接喷入火焰测定铜含量的萃取－火焰原子吸收分光光度法。     

肺炎患儿血清和尿中锌、铜含量变化

目的　观察肺炎患儿血、尿中微量元素锌 (Zn)、铜 (Cu)含量的变化。方法　应用OLYMPUS 10 0 0型全自动生化分析仪 ,采用比色法检测 4 8例肺炎患儿及 5 1例健康儿童血清、尿中锌、铜含量。结果　健康儿童组血清中锌含量为 ( 18.37± 2 .76 ) μmol/L ,铜含量为 ( 15 .38± 4 .0 3) μmol/L ,铜 /锌比值为 0 .95± 0 .2 8;尿中锌含量为 ( 3.91± 0 .86 ) μmol/L ,铜含量为 ( 0 .8± 0 .35 ) μmol/L。肺炎患儿组血清中锌含量为 ( 12 .4 5± 3.32 ) μmol/L ,铜含量为 ( 17.97± 7.16 ) μmol/L ,铜 /锌比值为 1.4 5± 0 .4 2 ;尿中锌含量为 ( 3.0 5± 1.14 ) μmol/L ,铜含量为 ( 0 .6 9± 0 .31) μmol/L。肺炎组血清、尿中锌含量较健康组明显降低 ,差异有显著意义 (P <0 .0 1) ,血清中铜含量及铜 /锌比值均有明显升高 ,差异有显著意义 (P分别 <0 .0 5、<0 .0 1) ,尿中铜无显著差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　肺炎患儿血清、尿中锌含量降低 ,血清铜浓度增高 ,对指导临床治疗具有参考价值     

血清铜锌比值对肺癌的诊断价值

采用Perkin Elmer Zeeman/3030原子吸收分光光度计测定了肺癌患者、良性肺病患者和健康对照组血清中铜锌含量.结果表明,肺癌患者血清锌明显低于健康对照组和良性肺病患者(P<0.01),而血清铜和铜锌比值明显高于健康对照组和良性肺病患者(P<0.01)。以铜锌比值1.60作为分界值,肺癌患者与健康对照组之间诊断符合率为98.8％,特异性100％,灵敏度为90.9％,信息量为0.3205;肺癌患者与良性肺病患者之间上述各值分别为85.9％,76.7％,90.9％和0.2449。铜锌比值在肺癌诊断中有一定的价值。     

铜过量小鼠肝损伤模型的建立及各项指标的观察研究

目的探讨昆明小鼠在不同剂量的铜负荷时所引起的肝脏抗氧化水平和相关病理的改变。方法32只昆明小鼠平均分为4组,第1组为对照组,每天灌胃生理盐水2次,第2、3、4组作为实验组,分别用不同浓度(12.8、25.6和38.4mg/mL)的硫酸铜每日灌胃2次,16周后,观察肝组织中丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)以及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的活性,测定血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和谷草转氨酶(AST)以及血清和肝组织中铜含量,并做肝脏病理以及电镜检查。结果与正常对照组相比,实验组肝组织中MDA含量明显升高(P<0.05),而SOD和GSH-Px活性明显下降(P<0.05);血清ALT、AST活性以及血清、肝脏铜含量明显升高(P<0.05);病理组织学检查可见高剂量铜灌胃组小鼠肝细胞变性坏死以及少量铜颗粒沉积;电镜提示肝细胞核、线粒体等细胞器异常,并可见铜颗粒。结论过量的铜可对肝脏造成损害,其机制可能与释放出的铜离子介导脂质过氧化而造成肝脏损害有关。其病变过程与Wilson's病相似,可为进一步研究铜代谢异常等疾病提供动物模型。     

肺结核患者血清铜、锌和铜/锌比值的临床意义

本实验采用原予吸收光谱法测定70例活动性肺结核患者和50例正常人血清微量元素锌(Zn)、铜(Cu)的含量和铜/锌的比值,结果表明:正常人血清Zn为17.248±1.9888umol/L,Cu为15.2088±2.6425umol/L,血清Cu/Zn比值为0.90±0.25,肺结核患者血清Zn为15.4557±1.5583umol/L,Cu为19.18±3.7221umol/L,血清Cu/Zn比值为1.24±0.204。其中肺结核患者血清Zn含量低于正常人(P<0.01),血清Cu、Cu/Zn比值均高于正常人(P<0.001)。以Cu/Zn比值1.5为界线值,肺结核组与对照组之间相比,敏感性为21％,特异性为88％,阳性预测值为71％,阴性预测值为44％。上述结果表明,检测血清微量元素对于肺结核的诊断与鉴别诊断具有重要的临床价值。     

原子吸收分光光度法测定健康犬血清和肝脏锌、铜含量

用原子吸收分光光度法测得42只健康成龄犬的血清锌含量为14.8±2.0mmol/L,血清铜含量为13.6±.7mmol/L;29只犬的肝锌含量为2.4±0.4mmol/g(干重),肝铜含量为2.8±1.0mml/L(干重)。血清及肝脏锌、铜含量均无明显性别差异。血清锌与肝锌含量间呈正相关,血清铜与肝锌铜含量无明显相关。在一般喂养条件下犬血清锌、铜波动不大。增加锌摄入量可使血清锌和肝锌水平迅速上升,血清铜水平迅速下降,而肝铜变化迟缓。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.